CN112846192A - Manufacturing method of metal ceramic composite swinging hammer - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of metal ceramic composite swinging hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846192A CN112846192A CN202110175037.8A CN202110175037A CN112846192A CN 112846192 A CN112846192 A CN 112846192A CN 202110175037 A CN202110175037 A CN 202110175037A CN 112846192 A CN112846192 A CN 112846192A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a metal ceramic composite swinging hammer, which comprises the following steps: carrying out surface coating pretreatment on the ceramic particles; uniformly mixing ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder by using polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a mixture; uniformly loading the mixture into a metal mold for compacting to obtain a honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part, and placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on a graphite boat; putting the graphite boat into a drying box, and drying to obtain a ceramic biscuit; placing the dried ceramic biscuit into a vacuum furnace for sintering, and cooling and discharging the ceramic biscuit out of the furnace to obtain a honeycomb-shaped ceramic-metal composite prefabricated part; fixedly placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on the end surface of the hammerhead of the sand casting drop hammer, casting molten metal, cooling, shakeout and cleaning the surface to obtain a metal ceramic composite drop hammer blank; quenching and tempering the metal ceramic composite drop hammer blank to obtain a metal ceramic composite drop hammer; has the advantages of compact particles, difficult falling off and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crusher machinery, in particular to a manufacturing method of a metal ceramic composite swinging hammer.
Background
The hammer head of the swinging hammer is one of the core parts of the industrial crusher and is arranged and assembled on a driving shaft of a crusher rotor, and the hammer head directly impacts blocky materials when the crusher runs at a high speed, so that the materials are finally crushed into proper material granularity. When the hammer head impacts materials, the end face working face of the hammer head is easy to wear and consume, the service life is 15-20 days generally, and under the condition of severe working conditions, the service life is only about 7 days, so that the production and operation efficiency is seriously influenced.
At present, the hammer head is widely applied to industries such as metallurgy, mines, building materials, cement and the like. The common hammerhead materials in the market comprise four types of high manganese steel, ultrahigh manganese steel, carbon steel/high chromium cast iron bimetal composite and hard alloy inlaid high manganese steel, so that the hammerhead made of the four types of materials is easy to wear, the service life is short, and the material consumption and the maintenance cost are increased. In recent years, researchers begin to take metal ceramic composite hammerheads as a new research direction, but due to the reasons of process, structure and the like, the composite layer of the hammerhead is easy to crack in the casting and heat treatment process, and ceramic particles are easy to fall off in the material impacting process, so that the problem that the service life of the hammerhead cannot be prolonged, even the service life of the hammerhead can be shortened exists, and the industrialization of the ceramic composite hammerhead is seriously influenced.
Therefore, the invention provides a manufacturing method of the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer, which solves the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the hammer head made of the existing material is easy to wear and short in service life, and provides a manufacturing method of a metal ceramic composite drop hammer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing surface coating pretreatment on ceramic particles with the particle size of 8-20 meshes;
s2, uniformly mixing ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder by using polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the ceramic particles to the wear-resistant metal powder is 1: 1.5-1: 1, and the adding amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 3% -6% of the mass of the mixture;
s3, uniformly loading the mixture into a metal mold for compacting to obtain a honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part, taking out the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part and placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on a graphite boat;
s4, putting the graphite boat into a drying oven, drying at 100-250 ℃ for 24-72 hours, and demoulding after drying to obtain a ceramic biscuit;
s5, placing the dried ceramic biscuit into a vacuum furnace, sintering the ceramic biscuit for 60-120 min at the temperature of 1220-1450 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.1-1.0 Pa, and cooling to obtain the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part;
s6, fixedly placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on the end face of the hammerhead of the sand casting flail hammer, casting molten metal, cooling, shakeout and cleaning the surface to obtain a metal ceramic composite flail hammer blank with the end face of the hammerhead compounded with the honeycomb ceramic metal composite material;
s7, quenching and tempering the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer blank to obtain the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer with the hammer head end face hardness of 59-63 HRC.
Further, the surface coating pretreatment comprises the following steps:
coating SiO on the surface2Powder or TiC powder, SiO2The coating thickness of the powder or TiC powder is 20-100 mu m.
Further, the compound prefab of honeycomb ceramic metal locates the tup and keeps away from the one side of hammer handle, compound prefab thickness of honeycomb ceramic metal is 10 ~ 40mm, and the compound prefab pass of honeycomb ceramic metal is the hexagon structure, four edges of the compound prefab of honeycomb ceramic metal all are provided with half hole type structure.
Further, the first honeycomb-shaped ceramic-metal composite prefabricated part is sintered in a pressureless mode.
Further, the wear-resistant metal powder is made of one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron.
Further, the ceramic particles are one of alumina, zirconia and zirconia corundum.
Further, the material selected by the cast metal is consistent with the material of the wear-resistant metal powder.
Furthermore, the casting metal material of the swinging hammer is one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries out coating pretreatment on the surface of the ceramic particles, can improve the wettability between the ceramic and the metal matrix on the one hand, and can prevent the interface from generating serious chemical reaction on the other hand, thereby enabling the interface to generate metallurgical bonding and solving the problems that a composite layer is easy to crack and the ceramic particles are easy to fall off.
2. The hole pattern of the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part adopts a hexagon shape, and the edges adopt a half-hole shape, so that the thickness of the ceramic ribs is more uniform, the casting infiltration of molten metal is facilitated, the prefabricated part cannot melt metal binders and scatter particles due to nonuniform local heating, and the ceramic particle reinforcing effect is ensured.
3. The 3-6 mm cast metal layer is covered on the surface of the honeycomb-shaped ceramic-metal composite prefabricated part, so that the casting infiltration of end face molten metal is facilitated, and the firm combination of end face surface layer metal and ceramic particles is formed.
4. The honeycomb-shaped ceramic metal composite prefabricated part is formed by pressing ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder by adopting a powder metallurgy process and then sintering the ceramic particles and the wear-resistant metal powder in a vacuum pressureless state, so that the prefabricated part has low density, a large number of fine holes exist in the prefabricated part, casting infiltration of cast molten metal is facilitated, and the wear-resistant metal in the prefabricated part and the cast metal are metallurgically bonded to form firm bonding.
5. The ceramic layer on the end face of the hammer head is 10-40 mm thick, the hardness of the metal substrate is 59-63 HRC, the abrasion-resistant service life of the swinging hammer can be ensured, and the service life of the swinging hammer is more than 3 times that of the swinging hammer made of a single metal material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cermet composite drop hammer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a honeycomb ceramic metal composite preform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of a honeycomb ceramic metal composite preform of the present invention.
Wherein the reference signs shall correspond to: 1-hammer handle, 2-hammer head, 3-ceramic metal composite prefabricated part and 4-driving shaft fixing hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4 of the specification, the technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is to provide a method for manufacturing a cermet composite drop hammer, which includes:
s1 coating SiO on the surface of ceramic particles with the particle size of 8-20 meshes2Powder or TiC powder, SiO2The coating thickness of the powder or TiC powder is 20-100 mu m;
s2, uniformly mixing ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder by using polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the ceramic particles to the wear-resistant metal powder is 1: 1.5-1: 1, and the adding amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 3% -6% of the mass of the mixture;
s3, uniformly loading the mixture into a metal mold for compacting to obtain a honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part, taking out the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part and placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on a graphite boat;
s4, putting the graphite boat into a drying oven, drying at 100-250 ℃ for 24-72 hours, and demoulding after drying to obtain a ceramic biscuit;
s5, placing the dried ceramic biscuit into a vacuum furnace, sintering the ceramic biscuit for 60-120 min at the temperature of 1220-1450 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.1-1.0 Pa, and cooling to obtain the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part;
s6, fixedly placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on the end face of the hammerhead of the sand casting drop hammer, casting molten metal, cooling, shakeout and cleaning the surface to obtain a metal ceramic composite drop hammer blank with the honeycomb ceramic metal composite material compounded on the end face of the hammerhead;
s7, quenching and tempering the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer blank to obtain the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer with the hammer head end face hardness of 59-63 HRC.
The surface coating pretreatment comprises the following steps:
the one side that the hammer handle was kept away from to the tup is located to honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated spare, honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated spare thickness is 10 ~ 40mm, and honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated spare pass is the hexagon structure, four edges of honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated spare all are provided with half hole type structure. The first honeycomb-shaped ceramic metal composite prefabricated part is sintered in a pressureless mode. The wear-resistant metal powder is made of one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron. The ceramic particles are one of alumina, zirconia and zirconia corundum. The material selected by the cast metal is consistent with the material of the wear-resistant metal powder. The casting metal material of the swinging hammer is one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing surface coating pretreatment on ceramic particles with the particle size of 8-20 meshes;
s2, uniformly mixing ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder by using polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the ceramic particles to the wear-resistant metal powder is 1: 1.5-1: 1, and the adding amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 3% -6% of the mass of the mixture;
s3, uniformly loading the mixture into a metal mold for compacting to obtain a honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part, taking out the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part and placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on a graphite boat;
s4, putting the graphite boat into a drying oven, drying at 100-250 ℃ for 24-72 hours, and demoulding after drying to obtain a ceramic biscuit;
s5, placing the dried ceramic biscuit into a vacuum furnace, sintering the ceramic biscuit for 60-120 min at the temperature of 1220-1450 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.1-1.0 Pa, and cooling to obtain the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part;
s6, fixedly placing the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part on the end face of the hammerhead of the sand casting drop hammer, casting molten metal, cooling, shakeout and cleaning the surface to obtain a metal ceramic composite drop hammer blank with the honeycomb ceramic metal composite material compounded on the end face of the hammerhead;
s7, quenching and tempering the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer blank to obtain the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer with the hammer head end face hardness of 59-63 HRC.
2. The manufacturing method of the cermet composite flail hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface coating pretreatment is:
coating SiO on the surface2Powder or TiC powder, SiO2The coating thickness of the powder or TiC powder is 20-100 mu m.
3. The manufacturing method of the metal ceramic composite flail hammer according to claim 2, wherein the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part is arranged on one surface of the hammer head far away from the hammer handle, the thickness of the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part is 10-40 mm, the hole pattern of the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part is a hexagonal structure, and four edges of the honeycomb ceramic metal composite prefabricated part are provided with half-hole structures.
4. The method for manufacturing the metal ceramic composite flail hammer according to claim 3, wherein the first honeycomb ceramic metal composite preform is vacuum sintered in a pressureless sintering manner.
5. The method for manufacturing the metal ceramic composite flail hammer according to claim 4, wherein the wear-resistant metal powder is made of one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron.
6. The method for manufacturing the metal ceramic composite swinging hammer according to claim 5, wherein the ceramic particles are one of alumina, zirconia and zirconia corundum.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the cast metal is selected to be the same as the wear-resistant metal powder.
8. The method for manufacturing the metal ceramic composite flail hammer according to claim 7, wherein the metal material for casting the flail hammer is one of high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron.
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| CN202110175037.8A CN112846192A (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Manufacturing method of metal ceramic composite swinging hammer |
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| CN202110175037.8A CN112846192A (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Manufacturing method of metal ceramic composite swinging hammer |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115121790A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏双发机械有限公司 | Preparation method and application of metal ceramic prefabricated body with strong wettability |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115121790A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏双发机械有限公司 | Preparation method and application of metal ceramic prefabricated body with strong wettability |
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