CN112207288A - Metal ceramic composite part and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal ceramic composite part and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207288A CN112207288A CN202010970904.2A CN202010970904A CN112207288A CN 112207288 A CN112207288 A CN 112207288A CN 202010970904 A CN202010970904 A CN 202010970904A CN 112207288 A CN112207288 A CN 112207288A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal ceramic composite part and a preparation method thereof, wherein a metal ceramic biscuit is printed by utilizing a 3D printing process according to a preset printing model, a plurality of holes are formed in the metal ceramic biscuit, the metal ceramic biscuit is favorable for pouring molten metal, a metal activating agent is contained in the metal ceramic biscuit, and the metal activating agent reacts with ceramic particles in a sintering process, so that the bonding strength of the ceramic particles and metal alloy powder is higher, the density of a metal ceramic composite material is increased, and the wear resistance of the material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a metal ceramic composite part and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The metal ceramic composite part is prepared by pouring molten metal from a metal ceramic prefabricated part, is a composite material prepared by combining high hardness and high wear resistance of ceramic and high toughness of metal, and has a great application prospect in the wear-resistant fields of cement, coal and electricity, ore and the like.
Because the difference between the physical property and the chemical property of the ceramic and the metal is large, and the ceramic and the metal are difficult to generate chemical reaction, so that effective connection between the ceramic and the metal is difficult to form, the traditional process for preparing the metal ceramic preform is to alloy the surface of ceramic particles through a powder metallurgy process, generally nickel is plated on the surface of the ceramic particles to form a bonding medium of the ceramic and the metal, then the ceramic particles and metal alloy powder are mixed and placed in a sand mold for sintering to prepare the metal ceramic composite part, but the nickel plating process has complicated steps and needs more pretreatment processes, the prior art adopts a 3D printing mode to prepare the metal ceramic composite part, so that the problem of effective connection between the metal and the ceramic is solved to a certain extent, but the solid content of 3D printing slurry is generally not more than 60 percent, otherwise, the viscosity of the slurry and the discharging smoothness of a 3D printer are greatly influenced, in order to increase the adhesion between the ceramic particles and the metal powder, more binder is usually added into the printing slurry in the traditional 3D printing process, and the solid content of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in the printing slurry is low due to the method, so that the metal powder and the ceramic powder in the metal ceramic composite part after 3D printing are distributed dispersedly, a large number of pores are formed after sintering and binder removal, and the wear resistance of the metal ceramic composite part is further influenced.
Therefore, how to form an effective connection between the metal and the ceramic in a simple and convenient way is the key for preparing the metal ceramic composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cermet composite member and a method for manufacturing the same.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of making a cermet composite component comprising the steps of:
alternately laying a composite layer and an adhesive layer to prepare a metal ceramic biscuit and reserving a penetration hole, wherein the composite layer comprises ceramic particles, metal alloy powder and a metal activator;
sintering the metal ceramic biscuit to obtain a metal ceramic prefabricated body;
and injecting molten metal into the penetration hole, and solidifying the molten metal to obtain the metal ceramic composite part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the composite layer of the metal ceramic biscuit is made of solid materials, compared with a 3D printing preparation method using slurry as a preparation raw material, the composite layer is made of the solid materials as the preparation raw material, the content of ceramic particles and metal alloy powder is high, the porosity of the sintered composite layer is lower than that of the composite material prepared by a slurry method, and meanwhile, compared with a metal ceramic preform prepared by the slurry, the wear resistance of a single-layer composite layer is higher; the adhesive layer gradually decomposes and disappears at high temperature, in the sintering process, the metal activator and the surface of the ceramic particles are subjected to chemical reaction to form chemical bonds, and simultaneously, the metal activator and the surrounding metal alloy powder are metallurgically bonded to form metal bonds; a small amount of metal alloy powder is melted in the sintering process, the melted metal alloy liquid automatically fills gaps caused by the disappearance of the bonding agent, meanwhile, the solid-phase characteristics of the metal ceramic prefabricated body are not changed by the melting of the partial metal alloy powder, so that the porosity of the metal ceramic prefabricated body is always kept at a lower level, and the metal melt is metallurgically combined with a metal activating agent in the pouring process to generate a metal bond.
Further, the ceramic particles are alumina ceramic particles, the size of the alumina ceramic particles is 8-15 meshes, the alumina ceramic particles account for 25-45 wt%, and the compactness of the alumina ceramic particles is more than 99%;
the alloy powder accounts for 55-75 wt%, the alloy powder is high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron powder, the purity of the alloy powder is more than 99%, and the grain size of the alloy powder is 0.25-0.4 mm.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the ceramic particles of the finished product are used as one component of the composite layer, and ceramic with larger particle size is preferentially selected as a wear object during wear, so that the wear resistance of the metal ceramic composite component is improved. The metal alloy powder can react with the molten metal to form a chemical bond with higher strength, so that the molten metal can be adhered to the metal ceramic biscuit.
Further, the metal ceramic biscuit is formed by printing through a 3D printer.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: set up a plurality of infiltration holes that are the net and distribute, increased the area of contact of cermet prefabricated part and molten metal has strengthened the infiltration rate of molten metal to the cermet prefabricated part, adopts 3D printing technology can realize this technical scheme more fast, easily, makes the manufacturing of cermet composite member is more swift.
Further, PVA powder and calcium stearate are mixed in the composite layer;
the PVA powder is in a chemical pure grade, the PVA powder accounts for 1-5 wt% of the metal alloy powder, the calcium stearate accounts for 1-4 wt% of the metal alloy powder, the particle size of the calcium stearate is 75-150 mu m, and the purity of the calcium stearate is more than 99.8%.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the PVA powder can be dissolved in an organic solvent, the viscosity of the adhesive is increased, and the calcium stearate is used for improving the lubrication degree of the composite layer and increasing the smoothness of powder paving.
Further, the composite layer is mixed with a metal activator, the metal activator is titanium powder, the chemical purity of the titanium powder is more than 99%, the particle size of the titanium powder is 0.01-0.02mm, and the titanium powder accounts for 5-15 wt% of the metal alloy powder;
the metal activator is doped with graphite powder, the particle size of the graphite powder is 50-150 mu m, the graphite powder accounts for 1-6 wt% of the metal alloy powder, and the purity of the graphite powder is industrial grade purity.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the titanium powder is used as a metal activator and chemically reacts with the surface of the ceramic particle under a high-temperature condition to form an oxide of metal titanium, meanwhile, the titanium powder and the metal alloy powder are metallurgically combined to form a metal bond, the titanium powder is used as a connecting bridge, the bonding strength of the ceramic particle and the metal alloy powder is increased, the wear resistance of the metal ceramic preform is improved, the titanium powder and the metal melt are metallurgically combined to form the metal bond in the process of pouring the metal melt, the bonding strength of the titanium powder and the metal melt is increased, the ductility of graphite can reduce the compressive stress generated in the process of cooling the sintered metal, and the overall stability of the metal ceramic composite part is improved.
Further, the adhesive is prepared from ethanol, distilled water and polyvinylpyrrolidone;
wherein the dosage ratio of the ethanol, the distilled water and the polyvinylpyrrolidone is as follows: 1:9:0.01.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: distilled water accounts for the great proportion of the adhesive, and the distilled water is easy to volatilize and does not occupy the inner space of the metal ceramic biscuit, so that the larger gap between layers of the metal ceramic biscuit can not be generated due to the evaporation of the distilled water in the sintering process, ethanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone are adopted as the components for preparing the adhesive, the viscosity of the adhesive is improved, and meanwhile, the organic matter can be decomposed at high temperature, thereby being beneficial to improving the strength of the metal ceramic biscuit.
Further, the sintering comprises two stages, the sintering temperature of the first stage is 400-;
wherein the cermet biscuit is continuously pressurized in the sintering process, and the applied pressure is 2-5 MPa.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the first stage is mainly degreasing, organic matters in the metal ceramic biscuit are decomposed by using continuous low temperature, the second stage is a high-temperature sintering stage, internal metal and ceramic particles are subjected to chemical reaction or metallurgical bonding, the strength of the metal ceramic preform is improved, the metal ceramic preform is closer in structure by applying pressure in the sintering process, the compactness of the metal ceramic preform is improved, the porosity of the metal ceramic preform is reduced, and the wear resistance of the metal ceramic preform is improved.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cermet composite component comprising:
the composite layers are connected with each other through a metal alloy and a metal activator, each composite layer comprises ceramic particles, metal alloy and metal titanium, and the composite layers are provided with penetration holes;
a metal connector filling the penetration hole, the metal connector being connected with the metal alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of composite layers, the gaps among ceramic particles are filled with metal alloy powder and a metal activator, the sintered metal alloy powder and the metal activator can partially fill the gaps generated by the disappearance of the adhesive layer, the metal activator is connected with the metal alloy powder through a metal bond, the metal activator is connected with the ceramic particles through a chemical bond, the porosity of a single-layer composite layer is far lower than that of the same wear-resistant material prepared by slurry, meanwhile, the porosity between adjacent composite layers is far lower than that of a metal ceramic composite material prepared by the traditional technology, the lower the porosity is, the better the compactness is, the higher the wear resistance is, the invention is provided with a metal connecting piece, the metal connecting piece is connected with the metal alloy on the composite layers through the metal bond, and the metal connecting piece ensures that the invention has higher toughness, compared with the traditional same wear-resistant material, the wear-resistant material has the wear resistance exceeding that of the common metal ceramic composite material, and has higher toughness.
Further, the porosity of the cermet composite member is not higher than 10%.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the porosity of the composite material is low, and the wear resistance of the composite layer is better, so that the wear resistance of the composite material is higher than that of the traditional same wear-resistant material.
Further, the metal ceramic composite part is applied to a cement vertical mill.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the metal ceramic composite part has the characteristics of high wear resistance and high toughness, and can be applied to wear-resistant equipment such as a cement vertical mill.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a cermet preform.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of a cermet composite member.
The reference numbers shown in the figures: 1. a cermet preform; 2. a metal connecting member; 3. a penetration hole; 4. Ceramic particles.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiment and the attached drawings of the specification.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite part, which comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 25 parts by weight of alumina ceramic particles 4 and 75 parts by weight of high manganese steel powder, then adding 1 part by weight of PVA powder, 3 parts by weight of calcium stearate powder, 5 parts by weight of titanium powder and 1 part by weight of graphite powder, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the printing raw material of the composite layer.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (1 part by weight) and ethanol (100 parts by weight) were added to distilled water (900 parts by weight) at room temperature to dissolve and sufficiently stir the mixture uniformly, and the mixture was used to prepare an adhesive layer.
Designing a model of the porous grid metal ceramic preform 1 by using computer software, inputting the model into a 3DP printer, and alternately laying the composite layer and the adhesive layer according to the model by using a 3D printer to obtain a metal ceramic biscuit.
And taking out the compacted metal ceramic biscuit, putting the metal ceramic biscuit into a multifunctional sintering furnace, slowly heating, introducing argon to keep the pressure at 2MPa, preserving the heat at 400 ℃ for 2h, finishing degreasing, quickly heating to the sintering temperature of 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for 1h, and finishing sintering to obtain the high-density porous grid metal ceramic preform 1.
Pouring molten metal into the porous grid metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, enabling the molten metal to flow into the penetration holes 3 and cover the metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, and solidifying the molten metal to obtain a metal ceramic composite part which can be used as a key working part in the wear-resistant field.
Example 2:
the same features of this embodiment as those of embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are:
uniformly mixing 45 parts by weight of alumina ceramic particles 4 and 55 parts by weight of high-chromium cast iron powder, and then adding 1 part by weight of PVA powder, 3 parts by weight of calcium stearate powder, 5 parts by weight of titanium powder and 1 part by weight of graphite powder, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the printing raw material of the composite layer.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (1 part by weight) and ethanol (100 parts by weight) were added to distilled water (900 parts by weight) at room temperature to dissolve and sufficiently stir the mixture uniformly, and the mixture was used to prepare an adhesive layer.
Designing a model of the porous grid metal ceramic preform 1 by using computer software, inputting the model into a 3DP printer, and alternately laying the composite layer and the adhesive layer according to the model by using a 3D printer to obtain a metal ceramic biscuit.
And taking out the compacted metal ceramic biscuit, putting the metal ceramic biscuit into a multifunctional sintering furnace, slowly heating, introducing argon to keep the pressure at 5MPa, preserving the heat at 500 ℃ for 3h, finishing degreasing, quickly heating to the sintering temperature of 1350 ℃, preserving the heat for 2h, and finishing sintering to obtain the high-density porous grid metal ceramic preform 1.
Pouring molten metal into the porous grid metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, enabling the molten metal to penetrate through the penetration holes 3 to cover the metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, and obtaining a metal ceramic composite part after the molten metal is solidified, wherein the metal ceramic composite part can be used as a key working part in the wear-resistant field.
Example 3:
the same features of this embodiment as those of embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are:
uniformly mixing 35 parts by weight of alumina ceramic particles 4 and 65 parts by weight of high-chromium cast iron powder, then adding 1 part by weight of PVA powder, 3 parts by weight of calcium stearate powder, 5 parts by weight of titanium powder and 1 part by weight of graphite powder, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the printing raw material of the composite layer.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (1 part by weight) and ethanol (100 parts by weight) were added to distilled water (900 parts by weight) at room temperature to dissolve and sufficiently stir the mixture uniformly, and the mixture was used to prepare an adhesive layer.
Designing a model of the porous grid metal ceramic preform 1 by using computer software, inputting the model into a 3DP printer, and alternately laying the composite layer and the adhesive layer according to the model by using a 3D printer to obtain a metal ceramic biscuit.
And taking out the compacted metal ceramic biscuit, putting the metal ceramic biscuit into a multifunctional sintering furnace, slowly heating, introducing argon to keep the pressure at 4MPa, preserving the heat at 600 ℃ for 2.5 hours, finishing degreasing, quickly heating to the sintering temperature of 1300 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and finishing sintering to obtain the high-density porous grid metal ceramic preform 1.
Pouring molten metal into the porous grid metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, enabling the molten metal to penetrate through the penetration holes 3 to cover the metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, and obtaining a metal ceramic composite part after the molten metal is solidified, wherein the metal ceramic composite part can be used as a key working part in the wear-resistant field.
Example 4:
the same features of this embodiment as those of embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are:
after ceramic particles and high manganese steel powder are uniformly mixed, adding 5 parts by weight of PVA powder, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate powder, 4 parts by weight of titanium powder and 2 parts by weight of graphite powder, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the printing raw material of the composite layer.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (1 part by weight) and ethanol (100 parts by weight) were added to distilled water (900 parts by weight) at room temperature to dissolve and sufficiently stir the mixture uniformly, and the mixture was used to prepare an adhesive layer.
Designing a model of the porous grid metal ceramic preform 1 by using computer software, inputting the model into a 3DP printer, and alternately laying the composite layer and the adhesive layer according to the model by using a 3D printer to obtain a metal ceramic biscuit.
And taking out the compacted metal ceramic biscuit, putting the metal ceramic biscuit into a multifunctional sintering furnace, slowly heating, introducing argon to keep the pressure at 3MPa, preserving the heat at 500 ℃ for 3h, finishing degreasing, quickly heating to the sintering temperature of 1300 ℃, preserving the heat for 2h, and finishing sintering to obtain the high-density porous grid metal ceramic preform 1.
Pouring molten metal into the porous grid metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, enabling the molten metal to penetrate through the penetration holes 3 to cover the metal ceramic prefabricated part 1, and obtaining a metal ceramic composite part after the molten metal is solidified, wherein the metal ceramic composite part can be used as a key working part in the wear-resistant field.
In the above embodiment, the printing process of the metal ceramic biscuit generally requires 3-5 hours, and the whole preparation period is about 25 hours.
Example 5:
the present embodiments provide a cermet composite component comprising: the composite layers are connected with each other through metal alloys and metal activators, the composite layers comprise ceramic particles 4, metal alloys and metal titanium, permeation holes 3 and metal connectors 2 are formed in the composite layers, the metal connectors 2 fill the permeation holes 3, the metal connectors 2 are connected with the metal alloys, preferably, the metal activators are metal titanium, preferably, the ceramic particles 4 are finished ceramic particles, preferably, a mixture of the metal alloys and the metal activators between the adjacent composite layers is a whole, preferably, the ceramic particles 4 and the metal activators are connected into a whole through chemical bonds, preferably, the metal alloys and the metal activators are connected into a whole through metal bonds, preferably, the metal connectors 2 and the mixture on the composite layers are connected through metal bonds, the mixture between the adjacent composite layers and the metal alloy and the metal activator in the composite layers are integrated, and the ceramic particles 4 are connected with the metal activator, so that the ceramic particles 4, the metal activator, the metal alloy and the metal connecting piece 2 are integrated, and the ceramic composite material has both the wear resistance of ceramic and the toughness of metal, and is better applied to large-scale wear-resistant equipment such as cement vertical mills and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the features described above have similar functions to (but are not limited to) those disclosed in this application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a cermet composite member comprising the steps of:
alternately laying a composite layer and an adhesive layer to prepare a metal ceramic biscuit and reserving a penetration hole, wherein the composite layer comprises ceramic particles, metal alloy powder and a metal activator;
sintering the metal ceramic biscuit to obtain a metal ceramic prefabricated body;
and injecting molten metal into the penetration hole, and solidifying the molten metal to obtain the metal ceramic composite part.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ceramic particles are alumina ceramic particles, the alumina ceramic particles have a size of 8-15 mesh, the alumina ceramic particles account for 25-45 wt%, and the alumina ceramic particles have a density of greater than 99%;
the metal alloy powder accounts for 55-75 wt%, the metal alloy powder is high manganese steel, high chromium cast iron or nickel hard cast iron powder, the purity of the metal alloy powder is more than 99%, and the particle size of the metal alloy powder is 0.25-0.4 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cermet greenbody is printed by a 3D printer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite layer is further mixed with PVA powder and calcium stearate;
the PVA powder is in a chemical pure grade, the PVA powder accounts for 1-5 wt% of the metal alloy powder, the calcium stearate accounts for 1-4 wt% of the metal alloy powder, the particle size of the calcium stearate is 75-150 mu m, and the purity of the calcium stearate is more than 99.8%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite layer is further mixed with a metal activator, the metal activator is titanium powder, the chemical purity of the titanium powder is greater than 99%, the particle size of the titanium powder is 0.01-0.02mm, and the titanium powder accounts for 5-15 wt% of the metal alloy powder;
the metal activator is doped with graphite powder, the particle size of the graphite powder is 50-150 mu m, the graphite powder accounts for 1-6 wt% of the metal alloy powder, and the purity of the graphite powder is industrial grade purity.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the adhesive is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, distilled water, and polyvinylpyrrolidone;
wherein the dosage ratio of the ethanol, the distilled water and the polyvinylpyrrolidone is as follows: 1:9:0.01.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sintering comprises two stages, the sintering temperature of the first stage is 400-600 ℃, the sintering time is 2-3 hours, the sintering temperature of the second stage is 1250-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 hours;
wherein the cermet biscuit is continuously pressurized in the sintering process, and the applied pressure is 2-5 MPa.
8. A cermet composite component comprising:
the composite layers are connected with each other through a metal alloy and a metal activator, each composite layer comprises ceramic particles, metal alloy and metal titanium, and the composite layers are provided with penetration holes;
a metal connector filling the penetration hole, the metal connector being connected with the metal alloy.
9. The cermet composite component according to claim 8, characterized in that the porosity of the cermet composite component is not higher than 10%.
10. The cermet composite component according to claim 8, characterised in that it is applied in a cement vertical mill.
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| CN112846192A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-05-28 | 南通理工学院 | Manufacturing method of metal ceramic composite swinging hammer |
| CN112872350A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-06-01 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of ceramic/metal composite wear-resistant material net-shaped prefabricated body |
| CN113441702A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Double-alloy penetration structure with strong wear-resisting property and preparation method thereof |
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