CN115448779A - Tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115448779A CN115448779A CN202211052505.3A CN202211052505A CN115448779A CN 115448779 A CN115448779 A CN 115448779A CN 202211052505 A CN202211052505 A CN 202211052505A CN 115448779 A CN115448779 A CN 115448779A
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- waste liquid
- tobacco waste
- compound fertilizer
- liquid compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance. The method realizes the resource utilization of the tobacco waste liquid, and enables the tobacco waste liquid to have the functions of increasing fertilizer, slowly releasing, improving soil and passivating heavy metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Through detection, the tobacco wastewater contains a large amount of fulvic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. Wherein, the content of the fulvic acid is far higher than that of the traditional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, and the fulvic acid can be used as the high-quality organic-inorganic compound fertilizer after certain treatment. Besides, the fulvic acid is rich in a large number of functional groups, so that heavy metals in soil can be effectively passivated, and the problem that the heavy metals in crops exceed standards is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a preparation method of a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying and crushing straws to prepare biomass powder, and reacting the biomass powder in a muffle furnace to prepare porous biochar;
(2) Mixing attapulgite and porous biochar, adding ethylenediamine to obtain an ethylenediamine mixture, putting the ethylenediamine mixture into an oven for aging, putting the aged ethylenediamine mixture into a muffle furnace for reaction, and obtaining a nano-mesh composite material;
(3) Mixing the nano-mesh composite material with the tobacco waste liquid to prepare a nano-mesh composite material mixture, and mixing the nano-mesh composite material mixture with calcium oxide and urea to prepare a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core;
(4) And mixing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core with amino silicone oil to obtain the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer.
Further, in the step (1), washing the straws with water for 3-5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 3-5 days, drying the air-dried straws in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, crushing the dried straws, and sieving the crushed straws with a 100-200-mesh sieve to obtain biomass powder; adding 5-10% of anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the mass of the biomass powder, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing at 700-900 ℃ for 12-14h under the nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture with a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1-2mol/L for 10-15h, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.
The preparation method of the porous biochar can control the pH value of the porous biochar porous biomass, adjust the pore structure of the porous biochar, can fully adsorb other substances in the mixing process of the porous biochar porous biomass, attapulgite, tobacco waste liquid, calcium oxide and urea, and can play a role in adjusting the pH value of soil in the using process.
Further, in the step (2), mixing the attapulgite and the porous biochar in a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5.
Further, in the step (3), mixing the nano-mesh composite material and the tobacco waste liquor, wherein the mass ratio of the nano-mesh composite material to the tobacco waste liquor is 1.
Further, in the step (4), the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core and amino silicone oil are stirred, mixed and dried to prepare the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer, wherein the viscosity of the amino silicone oil is 200-1000mm 2 And/s, the mass ratio of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core to the amino silicone oil is 1.6-0.8, the stirring speed is 40-50r/min, and the stirring time is 3-4min.
Furthermore, the using amount of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 50-100 kg/mu, the application position is the soil surface, and the application distance is 35-45cm away from the green vegetables.
Further, the porous biochar is 100-200 meshes.
Further, the attapulgite is colloidal grade.
Further, the diameter of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 10-15cm.
Furthermore, the calcium oxide is 93-95% in model and the urea is 97-99% in model.
Further, the straw is one or more of corn, wheat and rice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the invention is rich in fulvic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements required by plants, and meets the growth requirements of the plants; the nano-mesh composite material is contained, so that the nutrient substances in the soil can be slowly released, and the loss of the nutrient substances is reduced; the large granular fertilizer is alkalescent and has the function of improving acid soil; the large-particle fertilizer can effectively passivate heavy metals in soil, so that the heavy metals are difficult to absorb by plants, and the toxicity of the heavy metals to the plants is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 example 2 release curve of fulvic acid in tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer
FIG. 2 example 2 influence of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer on growth of green vegetables
FIG. 3 example 2 Effect of tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer on heavy metals in green vegetables
FIG. 4 example 2 Effect of tobacco waste liquid Compound Fertilizer on acid soil
FIG. 5 example 2 influence of the compound fertilizer containing waste tobacco liquid on growth of green vegetables at different positions
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
(1) Washing rice straws with water for 3 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 3 days, drying the air-dried straws in an oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours, crushing the dried straws, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain biomass powder; adding 5% anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the mass of biomass powder and the mass of the biomass powder, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing the biomass powder mixture for 12 hours under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere and 700 ℃, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture for 10 hours by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.
(2) Mixing colloidal grade attapulgite with porous biochar in a mass ratio of 2.5 to 1 to obtain an attapulgite mixture, mixing the attapulgite mixture with ethylenediamine to obtain an ethylenediamine mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite mixture to the ethylenediamine is 0.8;
(3) Mixing a nano-mesh composite material and tobacco waste liquor, wherein the mass ratio of the nano-mesh composite material to the tobacco waste liquor is 1;
(4) Mixing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core with amino silicone oil to prepare the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer, wherein the diameter of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 10cm, and the viscosity of the amino silicone oil is 200mm 2 And/s, the mass ratio of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core to the amino silicone oil is 1.
Example 2
(1) Washing rice straws with water for 4 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 4 days, drying the air-dried straws in an oven at 70 ℃ for 14 hours, crushing the dried straws, and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain biomass powder; adding 7% anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the mass of biomass powder and the mass, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing the biomass powder mixture for 13h under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere and 800 ℃, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture for 12h by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1.5mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.5, washing the carbonized biomass powder mixture with distilled water after stirring until the pH value is 7, drying the washed biomass powder for 13h at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving the dried biomass powder to obtain the porous biochar with the specification of 150 meshes.
(2) Mixing colloidal attapulgite with porous biochar in a mass ratio of 3;
(3) Mixing a nano-mesh composite material and tobacco waste liquor, wherein the mass ratio of the nano-mesh composite material to the tobacco waste liquor is 1;
(4) Mixing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core with amino silicone oil to prepare the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer, wherein the diameter of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 13cm, and the viscosity of the amino silicone oil is 400mm 2 And/s, the mass ratio of the fertilizer core of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer to the amino silicone oil is 1.
Example 3
(1) Washing rice straws with water for 5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 5 days, drying the air-dried straws in an oven at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, crushing the dried straws, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain biomass powder; adding 10% anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the biomass powder and the mass, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing for 14h under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere and 900 ℃, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture for 15h by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 2mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.
(2) Mixing colloidal grade attapulgite with porous biochar in a mass ratio of 3.5 to 1 to prepare an attapulgite mixture, mixing the attapulgite mixture with ethylenediamine to prepare an ethylenediamine mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite mixture to the ethylenediamine is 1.2;
(3) Mixing a nano-mesh composite material and tobacco waste liquor, wherein the mass ratio of the nano-mesh composite material to the tobacco waste liquor is 1;
(4) Mixing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core with amino silicone oil, and air-drying to obtain the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer, wherein the diameter of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 15cm, and the viscosity of the amino silicone oil is 1000mm 2 And/s, the mass ratio of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core to the amino silicone oil is 14min。
Comparative example 1
On the basis of the example 2, the preparation method of the porous biochar is adjusted, and specifically comprises the following steps: washing rice straws with water for 4 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 4 days, drying the air-dried straws in an oven at 70 ℃ for 14 hours, crushing the dried straws, and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain biomass powder; adding 7% anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the mass of biomass powder and the mass, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing the biomass powder mixture for 15h under the condition of 1100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture for 12h by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 1.5mol/L, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.5, washing the carbonized biomass powder mixture after stirring by using distilled water until the pH value is 7, drying the washed biomass powder for 13h at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving the dried biomass powder to obtain the porous biochar with the specification of 150 meshes.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 2, the preparation method of the nano-mesh composite material is adjusted, and specifically comprises the following steps: mixing colloidal grade attapulgite and porous biochar in a mass ratio of 3.
Test example 1
The tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 is used for planting small green vegetables, the yield of the small green vegetables per mu in the last year is compared with 2518 kilograms, the yield is increased, the planting period is 150 days, the using amount of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 80 kg/mu, the application position is the soil surface, and the application distance is 40cm away from the green vegetables.
| Name(s) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Increase of production (kg) | 50 | 57 | 53 | 34 | 42 |
The combination of figure 1 and experimental results shows that fulvic acid in the compound fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the invention is slowly released along with the growth cycle of crops during the planting period, so that the nutritional requirements of the crops in the growth cycle are met, and the purpose of promoting the growth of the crops is achieved.
Comparative example 1 experimental results show that the preparation method of the porous biochar can improve the action effect of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer. The adjustment of the preparation method of porous biochar in comparative example 1 resulted in an increase in pH of the biochar prepared and a decrease in the yield of porous biochar. Further reducing the effect of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 2 experiment results show that the nano-mesh composite material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention can slowly release nutrients in soil, and the loss of nutrients is reduced.
Test example 2
The tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer, the tobacco waste liquid and the conventional organic fertilizer (cow dung organic fertilizer obtained by conventional composting) prepared in the example 2 are tested, and the indexes of increasing the yield of the small green vegetables and improving the Ca content in the soil are examined 2+ The content of fulvic acid in soil is increased. The calcium ion content determination method is an EDTA titration method, and the fulvic acid content adopts a potassium dichromate oxidation method.
By combining the results of figure 2 and test example 2, the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer can improve the yield of green vegetables, improve the nutritional structure of soil and increase fulvic acid and Ca in the soil 2+ The content is beneficial to the growth of the small green vegetables and promotes the accumulation of chlorophyll of crops.
Test example 3
A field test was carried out using the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer prepared in example 2 and a conventional organic fertilizer (a cow dung organic fertilizer obtained by conventional composting). And respectively detecting the heavy metal content (mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, nickel and chromium) and the pH value in the soil and the green vegetables. The detection method of the heavy metal content is a fluorescence analysis method, and the pH value is measured by a pH meter.
Referring to fig. 3-4 and experimental example 3, the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the invention has heavy metal passivation performance, can reduce the content of heavy metal ions in soil and crops, and can improve the pH value of the soil.
Test example 4
The tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer prepared in the example 2 is applied at the positions 0cm, 20cm, 40cm and 60cm away from the green vegetables respectively, and the growth vigor of the green vegetables is observed after the green vegetables are planted for 20 days.
Referring to fig. 5, the vegetable growth can be promoted by the reasonable application distance of the invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Drying and crushing straws to prepare biomass powder, and reacting the biomass powder in a muffle furnace to prepare porous biochar;
(2) Mixing attapulgite and porous biochar, adding ethylenediamine to obtain an ethylenediamine mixture, aging the ethylenediamine mixture in an oven, and reacting the aged ethylenediamine mixture in a muffle furnace to obtain a nano-mesh composite material;
(3) Mixing the nano-mesh composite material with the tobacco waste liquid to prepare a nano-mesh composite material mixture, and mixing the nano-mesh composite material mixture with calcium oxide and urea to prepare a tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core;
(4) And mixing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer core with amino silicone oil to obtain the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the straw is washed for 3-5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-dried for 3-5 days, the air-dried straw is dried in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, the dried straw is crushed, and the crushed straw is sieved by a 100-200 mesh sieve to prepare biomass powder; adding 5-10% of anhydrous potassium nitrate powder according to the mass of the biomass powder, mixing to obtain a biomass powder mixture, placing the biomass powder mixture in a muffle furnace, carbonizing at 700-900 ℃ for 12-14h under the nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, taking out, stirring the carbonized biomass powder mixture with a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1-2mol/L for 10-15h, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass powder mixture to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.
3. The method for preparing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with the heavy metal passivation property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), attapulgite and porous biochar are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5 to obtain an attapulgite mixture, the attapulgite mixture and ethylenediamine are mixed to obtain an ethylenediamine mixture, the mass ratio of the attapulgite mixture to the ethylenediamine is 0.8-1.2.
4. The method for preparing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with the heavy metal passivation property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the nano-mesh composite material and the tobacco waste liquid are mixed, the mass ratio of the nano-mesh composite material to the tobacco waste liquid is 1.
5. The method for preparing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with the heavy metal passivation property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the fertilizer core of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer and amino silicone oil with the viscosity of 200-1000mm are stirred, mixed and dried to obtain the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer 2 And/s, the mass ratio of the fertilizer core of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer to the amino silicone oil is 1.6-0.8, the stirring speed is 40-50r/min, and the stirring time is 3-4min.
6. The tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation property of claim 1, wherein the amount of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 50-100 kg/mu, the application position is the soil surface, and the application distance is 35-45cm away from the green vegetables.
7. The preparation method of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with the heavy metal passivation property as claimed in claim 2, wherein the porous biochar is 100-200 meshes.
8. The method for preparing the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with the heavy metal passivation property as claimed in claim 3, wherein the attapulgite is colloidal grade.
9. The tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer is 10-15cm.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104941575A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 南京农业大学 | Multi-amino carbon composite material for selectively fixing mercury, chromium and lead in polluted soil and preparation method |
| CN107815318A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 煜环环境科技有限公司 | A kind of passivator preparation method for heavy metals in farmland pollution control |
| CN111423280A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-17 | 湖南农业大学 | 3D-structure biochar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112250510A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 东华大学 | Large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, preparation method and application |
| CN113058552A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Composite biochar material, and preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2022-08-31 CN CN202211052505.3A patent/CN115448779A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104941575A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 南京农业大学 | Multi-amino carbon composite material for selectively fixing mercury, chromium and lead in polluted soil and preparation method |
| CN107815318A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 煜环环境科技有限公司 | A kind of passivator preparation method for heavy metals in farmland pollution control |
| CN111423280A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-17 | 湖南农业大学 | 3D-structure biochar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112250510A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 东华大学 | Large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, preparation method and application |
| CN113058552A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Composite biochar material, and preparation method and application thereof |
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