CN112250510A - Large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112250510A CN112250510A CN202011108211.9A CN202011108211A CN112250510A CN 112250510 A CN112250510 A CN 112250510A CN 202011108211 A CN202011108211 A CN 202011108211A CN 112250510 A CN112250510 A CN 112250510A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/14—Tablets, spikes, rods, blocks or balls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof. The compound fertilizer comprises an active ingredient core material with the surface coated with amino silicone oil, wherein the active ingredient core material is prepared by mixing attapulgite, charcoal, calcium oxide, urea and tobacco waste liquid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing attapulgite and charcoal to obtain a nano-mesh composite material; adding the nano composite material into the tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding calcium oxide and urea, stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; and (3) putting the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer into amino silicone oil, uniformly coating, taking out, and naturally drying in the air to obtain the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. Placing the fertilizer on the soil surface according to 50-100 kg/mu. The method realizes resource utilization of the waste tobacco waste liquid, has the functions of slow release and soil improvement, and has great application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of agriculture.
Background
China is a big tobacco country, and cigarette factories in China generate about 3 million tons of waste liquid every year, wherein Jiangsu province generates about 3000 tons every year. The cost of treating the waste liquid is up to about 1000 yuan/ton, and great economic pressure is brought to a cigarette factory. In recent years, the national attention on environmental protection is continuously increased, the requirement on the wastewater discharge standard is more and more strict, and the tobacco wastewater treatment and resource utilization become key bottleneck problems restricting the high-quality development of the tobacco industry. Through detection, the tobacco wastewater contains a large amount of fulvic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. Wherein, the content of the fulvic acid is far higher than that of the traditional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, and the fulvic acid can be used as the high-quality organic-inorganic compound fertilizer after certain treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to prepare an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by using tobacco wastewater.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising an active ingredient core material coated with amino silicone oil on the surface, wherein the active ingredient core material is prepared by mixing attapulgite, charcoal, calcium oxide, urea and tobacco waste liquid.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the biochar is (3-5): (1-3); the mass ratio of the sum of the mass of the attapulgite and the biochar to the mass of the tobacco waste liquid, the calcium oxide and the urea is (1-2): (4-6): (1-3): (1-3).
Preferably, the attapulgite is in a colloid grade, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biochar comprises the following steps: washing the straws with water for 3-5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 3-5 days, drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, crushing, and sieving with a 0.15-0.20mm sieve to obtain biomass powder; carbonizing the biomass powder in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 5-7h, cooling to room temperature, taking out, treating the carbonized product with hydrochloric acid for 10-15h to remove ash, filtering, washing with distilled water to neutrality, drying in an oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, and grinding to obtain the biochar.
More preferably, the stalks are derived from at least one of corn, wheat and rice.
More preferably, the ratio of biomass powder to hydrochloric acid is (20-40) g: (200- > 300) mL; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-2 mol/L.
Preferably, the fineness of the biochar is 100-200 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1): uniformly mixing attapulgite and charcoal to obtain a nano-mesh composite material;
step 2): adding the nano composite material into the tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding calcium oxide and urea, stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
step 3): and (3) putting the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer into amino silicone oil, uniformly coating, taking out, and naturally drying in the air to obtain the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step 2) is 10-15cm, and the thickness of the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 1-5 cm.
Preferably, the viscosity of the amino silicone oil in the step 3) is 200-1000mm2/s。
The invention also provides application of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, which is characterized in that the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is placed on the surface of soil according to 50-100 kilograms per mu. Ca in the soil after 150 days of 130-2+And the content of the fulvic acid is respectively increased by 4-8mg/kg and 1-2mg/kg, and the yield of the small green vegetables is increased by 30-50 kg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the slow release type organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by utilizing fulvic acid which is rich in 8-10% in tobacco waste liquid, and is prepared by adding a nano composite material;
2) by adding calcium oxide and urea, the nutrient elements in the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer are improved, and the growth requirement of plants is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a release curve of fulvic acid in a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
FIG. 2 shows the effect of large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the growth vigor of green vegetables at different positions.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The detection method and the steps of each index in the embodiments 1 to 3 are as follows:
soil Ca2+The detection method comprises the following steps: according to the water: dissolving soil in water according to the mass ratio of 5:1, shaking for 24h, centrifuging, filtering supernate with medium-speed filter paper, and measuring the content of fulvic acid in the supernate at 262nm by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer; the supernatant after filtration was passed through a 0.45 μm filter, after which Ca in the solution was measured by ICP2+The content of (a).
The measuring method of fulvic acid comprises the following steps:
weighing 5g of the large-particle slow release fertilizer in the embodiment 2, placing the large-particle slow release fertilizer on the surface of 200g of quartz sand, placing the large-particle slow release fertilizer in a watch glass, spraying 2mL of distilled water every day, taking out the large-particle slow release fertilizer after a period of time, uniformly stirring the quartz sand, taking out 1g of the quartz sand, then adding 1g of clean quartz sand into the watch glass, and finally adding the taken-out large-particle slow release fertilizer into the watch glass again; 5mL of distilled water was added to the removed 1g of quartz sand, and after shaking at 160rpm for 12 hours, the mixture was centrifuged (5000rpm), and the content of fulvic acid in the supernatant was measured at 262nm using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.
Example 1
A preparation method of a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) washing corn straws with water for 3 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 3d, drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 12h, crushing, and sieving with a 0.15mm sieve to obtain biomass powder;
(2) carbonizing 20g of the biomass powder obtained in the step (1) in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5h, cooling to room temperature, taking out, treating the carbonized product with 200mL of hydrochloric acid (1mol/L) for 10h to remove ash, filtering, washing with distilled water to be neutral, drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain biochar (100 meshes);
(3) mixing attapulgite (colloidal grade, 100 mesh) and charcoal (100 mesh) according to the ratio of 3: 1, and then physically and uniformly mixing to obtain the nano-mesh composite material;
(4) adding 10g of the nano composite material obtained in the step (3) into 40g of tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding 10g of calcium oxide (with the mass purity of 93%) and 10g of urea (with the mass purity of 97%), stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (with the diameter of 10cm and the thickness of 1 cm);
(5) adding the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (4) into amino silicone oil (with the viscosity of 200 mm)2S), taking out after uniform coating, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (the diameter is 10cm, and the thickness is 1 cm);
(6) placing the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (5) on the surface of soil according to 50 kg/mu, and after 130 days, adding Ca in the soil2+And the content of the fulvic acid is respectively increased by 4mg/kg and 1mg/kg, and the yield of the small green vegetables is increased by 30 kg.
Example 2
A preparation method of a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) washing corn straws with water for 4 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 4 days, drying in an oven at 70 ℃ for 13 hours, crushing, and sieving by a 0.17mm sieve to obtain biomass powder;
(2) carbonizing 30g of the biomass powder obtained in the step (1) in a 600 ℃ muffle furnace for 6h, cooling to room temperature, taking out, treating the carbonized product with 250mL of hydrochloric acid (1.5mol/L) for 12.5h to remove ash, filtering, washing with distilled water to be neutral, drying in a 70 ℃ oven for 14h, and grinding to obtain biochar (150 meshes);
(3) mixing attapulgite (colloidal grade, 150 mesh) and charcoal (150 mesh) according to a ratio of 2: 1, and then physically and uniformly mixing to obtain the nano-mesh composite material;
(4) adding 20g of the nano composite material obtained in the step (3) into 50g of tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding 20g of calcium oxide (with the mass purity of 94%) and 20g of urea (with the mass purity of 98%), stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (with the diameter of 12.5cm and the thickness of 3 cm);
(5) adding the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (4) into amino silicone oil (with the viscosity of 600 mm)2S), taking out after uniform coating, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (the diameter is 13cm, and the thickness is 3 cm);
(6) placing the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (5) on the surface of soil according to 80 kg/mu, and after 140 days, adding Ca in the soil2+And the content of fulvic acid is respectively increased by 5mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg, and the yield of the small green vegetables is increased by 40 kg.
The effect of different types of fertilizers on soil indices and small vegetable yields are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The release curve of fulvic acid measured by the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared in the way is shown in figure 1.
110g of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared in example 2 was placed at a distance of 0cm, 20cm, 40cm and 60cm from the vegetables, and after a period of time, the growth of the vegetables was observed and recorded (as shown in fig. 2).
Example 3
A preparation method of a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) washing corn straws with water for 5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 5 days, drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, crushing, and sieving by a 0.20mm sieve to obtain biomass powder;
(2) carbonizing 40g of the biomass powder obtained in the step (1) in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for 7h, cooling to room temperature, taking out, treating the carbonized product with 300mL of hydrochloric acid (2mol/L) for 15h to remove ash, filtering, washing with distilled water to be neutral, drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 15h, and grinding to obtain biochar (200 meshes);
(3) mixing attapulgite (colloidal grade, 200 mesh) and charcoal (200 mesh) according to the ratio of 5:1, and then physically and uniformly mixing to obtain the nano-mesh composite material;
(4) adding 30g of the nano composite material obtained in the step (3) into 60g of tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding 30g of calcium oxide (with the mass purity of 95%) and 30g of urea (with the mass purity of 99%), stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (with the diameter of 15cm and the thickness of 5 cm);
(5) adding the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (4) into amino silicone oil (with the viscosity of 1000 mm)2S), taking out after uniform coating, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (the diameter is 15cm, and the thickness is 5 cm);
(6) placing the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step (5) on the surface of soil according to 100 kilograms per mu, and after 150 days, adding Ca in the soil2+And the content of fulvic acid is respectively increased by 8mg/kg and 2mg/kg, and the yield of the small green vegetables is increased by 50 kg.
Claims (10)
1. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising an active ingredient core material coated with amino silicone oil on the surface, wherein the active ingredient core material is prepared by mixing attapulgite, charcoal, calcium oxide, urea and tobacco waste liquid.
2. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the charcoal is (3-5): (1-3); the mass ratio of the sum of the mass of the attapulgite and the biochar to the mass of the tobacco waste liquid, the calcium oxide and the urea is (1-2): (4-6): (1-3): (1-3).
3. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the attapulgite is in a colloid grade with a fineness of 100-200 meshes.
4. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the biochar comprises the following steps: washing the straws with water for 3-5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, air-drying for 3-5 days, drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, crushing, and sieving with a 0.15-0.20mm sieve to obtain biomass powder; carbonizing the biomass powder in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 5-7h, cooling to room temperature, taking out, treating the carbonized product with hydrochloric acid for 10-15h to remove ash, filtering, washing with distilled water to neutrality, drying in an oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 12-15h, and grinding to obtain the biochar.
5. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the straw is derived from at least one of corn, wheat and rice; the ratio of the biomass powder to hydrochloric acid is (20-40) g: (200- > 300) mL; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-2 mol/L.
6. The large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the fineness of the biochar is 100-200 meshes.
7. The preparation method of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): uniformly mixing attapulgite and charcoal to obtain a nano-mesh composite material;
step 2): adding the nano composite material into the tobacco waste liquid, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding calcium oxide and urea, stirring uniformly, and naturally drying in the air to obtain a large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
step 3): and (3) putting the large-particle organic-inorganic compound fertilizer into amino silicone oil, uniformly coating, taking out, and naturally drying in the air to obtain the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
8. The method for preparing the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 7, wherein the particle diameter of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the step 2) is 10-15cm, and the thickness of the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 1-5 cm.
9. The method for preparing the large-particle slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the viscosity of the amino silicone oil in the step 3) is 200-1000mm2/s。
10. The use of the large-granule slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the large-granule slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is placed on the soil surface according to 50 to 100 kg/mu.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115448779A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 祖宗田(成都)科技有限公司 | Tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115448779A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 祖宗田(成都)科技有限公司 | Tobacco waste liquid compound fertilizer with heavy metal passivation performance and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |