CN102659101A - Method for preparing activated carbon from longan shells - Google Patents

Method for preparing activated carbon from longan shells Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102659101A
CN102659101A CN2012100281970A CN201210028197A CN102659101A CN 102659101 A CN102659101 A CN 102659101A CN 2012100281970 A CN2012100281970 A CN 2012100281970A CN 201210028197 A CN201210028197 A CN 201210028197A CN 102659101 A CN102659101 A CN 102659101A
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longan
shell
active carbon
activated carbon
dipping
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CN2012100281970A
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温祖标
邓志红
章荣立
陈德锴
钟声亮
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Jiangxi Normal University
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Jiangxi Normal University
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Abstract

A method for preparing activated carbon from longan shells is a method for preparing environment-friendly activated carbon by taking longan shells as raw materials and phosphoric acid as an activating agent. Firstly, drying and crushing longan shells, then dipping, filtering, carbonizing and activating, and finally, recovering, rinsing, drying and the like to obtain the finished product of the active carbon. The activated carbon has the advantages of uniform texture, developed micropore pores, large specific surface area and the like. The longan shell adopted by the invention is a crop waste which is not effectively utilized at present, has sufficient source, and is effectively utilized to prepare the environment-friendly active carbon, thereby not only being beneficial to solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by burning or discarding, but also greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the active carbon and being suitable for industrialized production.

Description

Prepare process of active carbon with the longan shell
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation process of active carbon, particularly a kind ofly prepare process of active carbon with the longan shell.
Background technology
Gac is a kind of high-quality sorbent material, has the pore texture prosperity, specific surface area is big, physical and chemical performance is stable, physical strength is high, water insoluble and organic solvent and the good characteristics such as easy of regenerating.Therefore, has extensive use in fields such as food-processing, medicine, metallurgy, chemical industry, environmental protection and the energy.Growing along with society, the especially recent two decades rapid deterioration with environment that comes to be becoming tight global energy day, the demand of gac increases year by year.The performance of gac and its pore structure, raw material (precursor), preparation technology etc. are closely related.It is generally acknowledged that (d<2nm), ((d>50nm) form, the holes of different sizes have different functions to mesopore to structure of activated carbon for 2nm≤d≤50nm) and macropore by micropore.The raw material (precursor) of preparation gac has coal, refinery coke, synthetic macromolecule and natural polymer.The preparation technology of gac mainly comprises preparation method and influence factor thereof, like activator species, activation temperature, soak time etc.Wherein because big, inexpensive as the agricultural by-products amount of natural polymer, be easy to get, charcoal processing rate higher (25%-35%), and be beneficial to and economize on resources and environmental protection, therefore, usually be the important source material of preparation gac.Patent and Literature Consult show; Many agricultural by-products all have research or report like preparation gacs such as corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, cotton stalk, jute stalk, corn straw, bagasse, the plain producd fibers slag of yellow ginger, oil palm shell, hazelnut shell, coconut husk, pecan shell and pedunculata palls.Yet, with agricultural by-products---the longan shell prepares the rarely seen report of research of gac as raw material.
Longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour) popular name " longan ", the fruit for Sapindaceae (Euphoraceae) plant longan has nutrition and medicinal double effects concurrently, is regarded as precious tonic since ancient times.Longan originates in the south subtropics area of south China and North Vietnam, at the cultivation history in existing more than 2000 year of China, mainly plants in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan etc. economize (district) at present.Wherein, Maoming, Guangdong is the maximum YEAST IN LONGAN PRODUCTION base of China.Along with the development of cultivation technique, the longan plantation expands to provinces such as Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou.The country (area) of in addition, cultivating longan in the world also has Hawaii and the Florida State of Thailand, Laos, Burma, Sri Lanka, India, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Madagascar, Australian Queensland state, the U.S. etc.
The total cultivated area of whole world longan reaches 680,000 hectares, about 2,300,000 tons of output.China is as world's YEAST IN LONGAN PRODUCTION big country, and cultivated area surpasses 46.7hm 2, longan aril output surpasses 1,000,000 tons/year, and cultivated area and output all occupy first place in the world.At present, longan is main with directly edible its pulp mainly, and the fruit stone (China produces 55~750,000 tons per year) of its shell of 14%~22% (China produces 45~700,000 tons per year) and 17%~23% is not used effectively as yet.The longan shell contains abundant Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen, and the source is sufficient, is the high quality raw material of preparation gac.
The productive rate for preparing gac by agricultural wastes is that 25%-35% calculates, and 45~700,000 tons/year longan shell can prepare 15~200,000 tons/year gac, and this output is the YO that number decuples China present most of gac factory.Therefore, be the feedstock production gac with the competent longan shell of originating, will not only help protecting forest resources; Economize on resources, avoid the wasting of resources, reduce environmental pollution; And can produce good economic benefit and social value, but the phase is used for the suitability for industrialized production of gac.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly prepared process of active carbon with the longan shell; Prepare the gac that a kind of quality is even, the micropore hole is flourishing, specific surface area is big; This not only helps to solve problem of environmental pollution; And having realized wastes of crops---effective utilization of longan shell greatly reduces the preparation cost of gac.
The present invention is achieved in that and comprises following several steps:
A) removing pulp with commercially available bright longan is raw material with fruit stone gained shell, natural air drying or oven dry back, is crushed to particle diameter and is about the big or small particle of 0.1-1mm;
B) be 1 by longan shell and massfraction 30~85% phosphoric acid qualities ratio: dipping 3~6h is stirred in (0.5~1.5);
C) the longan shell behind the above-mentioned dipping being moved in the tubular oven, under the nitrogen protection, is that 10 ℃/min is heated to carbonization-activation 2~6h, naturally cooling subsequently in 300~900 ℃ of scopes with temperature rise rate;
D) use hot water to carry out rinsing refrigerant, obtain active carbon finished products to filtrating to after neutrality, the oven dry.
The characteristic of the finished product gac of preparation is as stated above:
A) finished product gac quality is even, the micropore hole is flourishing, its specific surface area (S BET) be 847~1634m 2G -1, micropore specific area is 793~1524m 2G -1, total pore volume (P/P 0=0.95) is 0.532~1.09cm 3G -1, micro pore volume is 0.428~0.965cm 3G -1, productive rate 23~36%, ash content 0.24%, iodine number 685~1236mg/g, methylene blue adsorption value 6.3~15.2mL/0.1g.
B) sufficient because of raw material longan shell source, this gac can be used for suitability for industrialized production.
Technique effect of the present invention is: this gac has advantages such as quality is even, the micropore hole is flourishing, specific surface area is big.Longan shell raw material is a kind of wastes of crops of utilization not yet in effect still at present; The source is sufficient, utilizes its preparation gac, not only helps to solve the problem of environmental pollution that brings when burning or abandoning; And greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of gac, but phase suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the N of embodiment 4 gained seed of Arillus Longan matrix activated carbons 2The adsorption-desorption isothermal map.
Fig. 2 is the pore size distribution curve figure of embodiment 4 gained seed of Arillus Longan matrix activated carbons.
Fig. 3 is the N of embodiment 5 gained seed of Arillus Longan matrix activated carbons 2The adsorption-desorption isothermal map.
Fig. 4 is the pore size distribution curve figure of embodiment 5 gained seed of Arillus Longan matrix activated carbons.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present invention is achieved in that and comprises following several steps:
A) removing pulp with commercially available bright longan is raw material with fruit stone gained shell, natural air drying or oven dry back, is crushed to particle diameter and is about the big or small particle of 0.1mm;
B) be 1: 0.5 stirring dipping 3h by longan shell and massfraction 30% phosphoric acid quality ratio;
C) the longan shell behind the above-mentioned dipping being moved in the tubular oven, under the nitrogen protection, is that 10 ℃/min is heated to carbonization-activation 2h, naturally cooling subsequently in 300 ℃ of scopes with temperature rise rate;
D) use hot water to carry out rinsing refrigerant, obtain active carbon finished products to filtrating to after neutrality, the oven dry.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is achieved in that and comprises following several steps:
A) removing pulp with commercially available bright longan is raw material with fruit stone gained shell, natural air drying or oven dry back, is crushed to particle diameter and is about the big or small particle of 1mm;
B) be 1: 1.5 stirring dipping 6h by longan shell and massfraction 30~85% phosphoric acid qualities ratio;
C) the longan shell behind the above-mentioned dipping being moved in the tubular oven, under the nitrogen protection, is that 10 ℃/min is heated to carbonization-activation 6h, naturally cooling subsequently in 900 ℃ of scopes with temperature rise rate;
D) use hot water to carry out rinsing refrigerant, obtain active carbon finished products to filtrating to after neutrality, the oven dry.
Embodiment 3
The present invention is achieved in that and comprises following several steps:
A) removing pulp with commercially available bright longan is raw material with fruit stone gained shell, natural air drying or oven dry back, is crushed to particle diameter and is about the big or small particle of 0.5mm;
B) be 1: 1.2 stirring dipping 5h by longan shell and massfraction 50% phosphoric acid quality ratio;
C) the longan shell behind the above-mentioned dipping being moved in the tubular oven, under the nitrogen protection, is that 10 ℃/min is heated to carbonization-activation 3h, naturally cooling subsequently in 600 ℃ of scopes with temperature rise rate;
D) use hot water to carry out rinsing refrigerant, obtain active carbon finished products to filtrating to after neutrality, the oven dry.
Case study on implementation 4
The shell that removes its meat and nuclear gained with commercially available bright longan is a raw material, and drying and be crushed to particle diameter is the 0.5mm size, and by the longan shell: the mass ratio of phosphoric acid (70~80%) is 1: (1.2~1.5) mixing; After stirring dipping 3~4h, suction filtration, oven dry are under nitrogen protection; Temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, is warming up to activation 2~6h in 700~900 ℃ of scopes, naturally cooling; With pH=6~7 of hot wash to filtrating, oven dry promptly gets the active carbon finished products that quality is even, specific surface area is big.Its test result characteristic curve is like Fig. 1, shown in 2.
Case study on implementation 5
The shell that removes its meat and nuclear gained with commercially available bright longan is a raw material, dries and is crushed to particle diameter and be about the 0.5mm size, and by the longan shell: the mass ratio of phosphoric acid (40~45%) is 1: (0.9~1.1) mixing; After stirring dipping 3~4h, suction filtration, oven dry are under nitrogen protection; Temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, is warming up to activation 2~3h in 400~600 ℃ of scopes, naturally cooling; With pH=6~7 of hot wash to filtrating, oven dry promptly gets the active carbon finished products that quality is even, specific surface area is big.Its test result characteristic curve is like Fig. 3, shown in 4.
The characteristic parameter of the gac of different case study on implementation preparations is following a
Figure BSA00000668148300051
aS BET, specific surface area; S Mic, micropore surface is long-pending; V Tot, TV; V Mic, micro pore volume ( aS BET, BET specific surface area; S Mic, micropore surface area; V Tot, total pore volume; V Mic, micropore volume).

Claims (2)

1. one kind prepares process of active carbon with the longan shell, it is characterized in that comprising following several steps:
A) removing pulp with commercially available bright longan is raw material with fruit stone gained shell, natural air drying or oven dry back, is crushed to particle diameter and is about the big or small particle of 0.1-1mm;
B) be 1 by longan shell and massfraction 30~85% phosphoric acid qualities ratio: dipping 3~6h is stirred in (0.5~1.5);
C) the longan shell behind the above-mentioned dipping being moved in the tubular oven, under the nitrogen protection, is that 10 ℃/min is heated to carbonization-activation 2~6h, naturally cooling subsequently in 300~900 ℃ of scopes with temperature rise rate;
D) use hot water to carry out rinsing refrigerant, obtain active carbon finished products to filtrating to after neutrality, the oven dry.
2. according to claim 1ly prepare process of active carbon with the longan shell, the finished product gac quality that it is characterized in that obtaining evenly, the micropore hole is flourishing, its specific surface area (S BET) be 847~1634m 2G -1, micropore specific area is 793~1524m 2G -1, total pore volume (P/P 0=0.95) is 0.532~1.09cm 3G -1, micro pore volume is 0.428~0.965cm 3G -1, productive rate 23~36%, ash content 0.24%, iodine number 685~1236mg/g, methylene blue adsorption value 6.3~15.2mL/0.1g.
CN2012100281970A 2012-01-12 2012-01-12 Method for preparing activated carbon from longan shells Pending CN102659101A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103553038A (en) * 2013-09-25 2014-02-05 蚌埠德美过滤技术有限公司 Longan pit modified active carbon and preparation method thereof
CN103803549A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-05-21 江西师范大学 Micron-sized granular active carbon prepared from litchi shells and preparation method thereof
CN103896267A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 福建大青实业有限公司 Processing technology of shell carrier activated carbon
CN104140101A (en) * 2014-08-18 2014-11-12 福建师范大学 Method for preparing activated carbon with ultrahigh specific surface area from soapberry residue as raw material
CN109292773A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-01 张俊霞 A kind of active carbon and its preparation method and application using trees preparation
CN110577221A (en) * 2019-10-30 2019-12-17 凉山德农生物能源股份有限公司 Preparation method of jatropha curcas-based biomass activated carbon

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4369168A (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-01-18 Calgon Corporation Regeneration of carbon employed in the wet process production of alkali metal phosphates
JPH01230414A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-09-13 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Activated carbon and production thereof
CN1215694A (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-05 胡福昌 Method for producing high performance active carbon from nut shell
CN102275911A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-12-14 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Microporous active carbon and preparation method by chemical agent aperture regulation and control

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4369168A (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-01-18 Calgon Corporation Regeneration of carbon employed in the wet process production of alkali metal phosphates
JPH01230414A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-09-13 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Activated carbon and production thereof
CN1215694A (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-05 胡福昌 Method for producing high performance active carbon from nut shell
CN102275911A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-12-14 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Microporous active carbon and preparation method by chemical agent aperture regulation and control

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
吴文炳等: "微波辐射龙眼壳制备活性炭的正交试验研究", 《天津化工》, vol. 23, no. 4, 31 July 2009 (2009-07-31) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103896267A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 福建大青实业有限公司 Processing technology of shell carrier activated carbon
CN103553038A (en) * 2013-09-25 2014-02-05 蚌埠德美过滤技术有限公司 Longan pit modified active carbon and preparation method thereof
CN103803549A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-05-21 江西师范大学 Micron-sized granular active carbon prepared from litchi shells and preparation method thereof
CN104140101A (en) * 2014-08-18 2014-11-12 福建师范大学 Method for preparing activated carbon with ultrahigh specific surface area from soapberry residue as raw material
CN109292773A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-01 张俊霞 A kind of active carbon and its preparation method and application using trees preparation
CN110577221A (en) * 2019-10-30 2019-12-17 凉山德农生物能源股份有限公司 Preparation method of jatropha curcas-based biomass activated carbon

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Application publication date: 20120912