CN115448556B - Repair system and repair method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud - Google Patents
Repair system and repair method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN115448556B CN115448556B CN202211142217.7A CN202211142217A CN115448556B CN 115448556 B CN115448556 B CN 115448556B CN 202211142217 A CN202211142217 A CN 202211142217A CN 115448556 B CN115448556 B CN 115448556B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a repair system and a repair method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud, wherein the repair system comprises a pretreatment filter washing mechanism, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, a fine filter washing mechanism and a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism; the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism comprises a cleaning tank, wherein a bottom mud conveying pipe is fixedly arranged in the cleaning tank, a dispersion output ring is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the bottom mud conveying pipe, and a plurality of bottom mud output holes are formed in the dispersion output ring; firstly, the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism and the refined filtering and washing mechanism are utilized to treat the sediment, part of heavy metals and most of organic impurities in the sediment can be removed, the double-layer designed biological enrichment treatment mechanism can control the humidity and the temperature of the sediment soil more accurately and can carry out controllable ventilation treatment on the sediment soil, the heavy metals in the sediment are effectively transferred and solidified in plants by utilizing the enrichment effect of the plants, and finally, the plants rich in the heavy metals are decomposed at high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bottom mud restoration, in particular to a restoration system and a restoration method for bottom mud polluted by heavy metals.
Background
The method is characterized in that the water is covered, sediment at the bottom of the water body and various surrounding environmental conditions form a complete water body, river channel pollution comprises exogenous pollution and endogenous pollution, under the background of deep development in the water treatment field, the development of China in a plurality of fields such as river basin treatment, industrial wastewater treatment and domestic wastewater treatment is rapid, exogenous pollution is controlled, the harmless treatment of river bottom mud is far less important than sewage treatment, pollutants are deposited in the bottom mud finally and accumulated gradually through precipitation, adsorption, biological absorption and other ways after entering the water body, and once the environmental conditions change, the pollutants can release the polluted water quality again through desorption, diffusion, disturbance and other ways, so that the whole water body is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a repair system and a repair method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud, which can thoroughly remove heavy metal pollution in the bottom mud.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a repair system for heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises a pretreatment filter washing mechanism, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, a refined filter washing mechanism and a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism;
the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism comprises a washing tank with an upward opening, a bottom mud conveying pipe extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank, a bottom mud input interface is arranged at the upper end of the bottom mud conveying pipe, and a top cover of the washing tank is arranged at the top of the washing tank;
the inner side wall of the cleaning tank is fixed with a stirring mechanism support frame near the top, the stirring mechanism support frame is provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is connected to the stirring mechanism support frame in a rotating fit manner, the stirring shaft is arranged in an extending manner, and the lower end of the stirring shaft is fixedly provided with a plurality of stirring blades;
the fine filtering and washing mechanism comprises a washing accommodating shell with an upward opening and a washing inclined plate fixed in the washing accommodating shell, and a plurality of rotary washing tanks extending forwards and backwards are arranged on the upper side surface of the washing inclined plate;
the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell is fixedly provided with a bottom mud input shell communicated with the cleaning accommodating shell at the end close to the higher end of the cleaning inclined plate, and the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell is fixedly provided with a cleaning discharge shell communicated with the cleaning accommodating shell at the end close to the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate;
a plurality of cleaning water pipes extending forwards and backwards are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell, the cleaning water pipes are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank one by one, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads are arranged on the lower side of the cleaning water pipes;
the bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism is used for preparing the bottom mud into porous soil which is used for plant planting by the biological enrichment treatment mechanism;
the biological enrichment treatment mechanism comprises a planting accommodating shell with an upward opening, a cultivation and maintenance shell is surrounded on the outer side of the planting accommodating shell, and the upper end of the cultivation and maintenance shell is connected with the upper end of the planting accommodating shell in a sealing manner;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of layers of non-woven fabrics are paved on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell;
the outside of the cultivation maintenance shell is fixedly provided with a humidity adjusting interface, the outside of the cultivation maintenance shell is fixedly provided with a pressurizing and ventilating interface, the outside of the cultivation maintenance shell is fixedly provided with a balance exhaust interface, and a pressure release valve is arranged on the balance exhaust interface.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the cleaning tank is fixedly provided with an annular clean water conveying pipe, and the clean water conveying pipe is provided with a plurality of drainage interfaces;
the lower end of the sediment conveying pipe is fixedly provided with a dispersion output ring, the inside of the dispersion output ring is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the inside of the sediment conveying pipe, and the dispersion output ring is provided with a plurality of sediment output holes communicated with the inside of the dispersion output ring.
Description: the dispersion output ring can more even discharge the substrate sludge to the wash tank.
Preferably, the stirring mechanism support frame is fixedly provided with a first motor accommodating shell, the first motor accommodating shell is internally fixedly provided with a first motor, the upper end of the stirring shaft extends to the inside of the first motor accommodating shell, and the first motor is used for driving the stirring shaft to rotate.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the cleaning tank is fixedly provided with a plurality of conveying pump accommodating shells, the conveying pump accommodating shells are internally fixedly provided with first conveying pumps, the input ends of the first conveying pumps are communicated with the interior of the cleaning tank, and the output ends of the first conveying pumps are communicated with the bottom mud input shells through pipelines.
Description: the plurality of first delivery pumps are beneficial to more rapidly and evenly discharging the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank.
Preferably, a tilting cleaning pipe extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank, a cleaning pipe groove is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe, and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell in a rotating fit manner;
the cleaning and accommodating shell is fixedly provided with a plurality of second motor accommodating shells on the outer side wall, the plurality of second motor accommodating shells correspond to the positions of the plurality of tilting and cleaning pipes, the second motor accommodating shells are internally fixedly provided with second motors, the rotating shaft at one end of each tilting and cleaning pipe extends into the second motor accommodating shells, and the second motors are used for driving the tilting and cleaning pipes to rotate.
Description: when the bottom mud flows on the cleaning inclined plate from top to bottom, the tilting cleaning pipe can intercept certain bottom mud to enable the bottom mud to be temporarily stored in the tilting cleaning pipe, the process is favorable for more thoroughly flushing the bottom mud, and then the motor is used for driving the tilting cleaning pipe to rotate, so that the bottom mud temporarily stored in the tilting cleaning pipe is dumped.
Preferably, the cleaning and accommodating shell is internally provided with an adsorption roller which is positioned at the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate and is in running fit with the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate, the adsorption roller is driven by a motor to rotate, a slag discharging scraper is fixedly arranged on the right side of the adsorption roller, a slag discharging conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the right side of the slag discharging scraper in the cleaning and accommodating shell, the other end of the slag discharging conveying belt extends to the outside of the cleaning and accommodating shell, and a filter residue accommodating shell is fixedly arranged below the slag discharging conveying belt outside the cleaning and accommodating shell.
Description: the adsorption roller has magnetism, and can adsorb and remove magnetic particle impurity in the sediment.
Preferably, the bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism comprises a solidification preparation barrel with an upward opening, an aeration output shell is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the solidification preparation barrel, an aeration conveying pipe which is communicated with the inside of the aeration output shell and extends up and down is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell, and a plurality of aeration small holes are formed at the top of the aeration output shell;
the solidification preparation bucket includes the backup pad, and backup pad top edge connects to be equipped with annular side direction and supports and enclose the fender, and the side direction supports and encloses the fender and form by a plurality of side backup pads combination, and the side support board lower extreme is connected with the backup pad through movable hinge, and side direction supports encloses and keeps off the top seal and install the second top cap.
Description: the sediment can be prepared into soil with rich pore structures by utilizing the sediment porosification preparation mechanism, so that subsequent plant planting is facilitated.
Preferably, the side support plate is provided with a first crushing rib extending up and down on the inner side wall, and the outer side wall of the aeration conveying pipe is provided with a second crushing rib extending up and down.
Description: the first crushing bead and the second crushing bead can form grooves on the solidified bottom mud blocks, so that the solidified bottom mud blocks can be crushed and taken out from the solidification preparation barrel.
Preferably, the method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps of:
s1, excavating heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud with a sieve of 100-200 meshes;
s2, conveying the substrate sludge obtained after screening in the step S1 to a cleaning tank of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank, driving a stirring shaft by a motor, enabling a stirring blade to continuously stir and filter and wash a sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank for 30-90 min, and conveying the sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank to a sedimentation tank by a first conveying pump for sedimentation for 2-3 h;
s3, conveying the sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 into a sediment input shell of a fine filtering and washing mechanism, and flushing the sediment by using high-speed water flow sprayed by a cleaning spray nozzle in the process that the sediment flows down along a cleaning inclined plate;
s4, discharging the washed bottom mud from the washing discharge shell in the step S3, and then carrying out water removal treatment on the bottom mud by using drying equipment, wherein the water content of the bottom mud is controlled to be 70% -85%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud treated in the step S4 into a solidification preparation barrel of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism, exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by utilizing an aeration output shell, heating the whole solidification preparation barrel, controlling the temperature to be 150-300 ℃, and drying and solidifying the bottom mud in the solidification preparation barrel to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous sediment prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.1-1 mm, adding sand particles with the particle size of 0.5-2 mm in a proportion of 10% -20% relative to the volume of the porous sediment, uniformly mixing, placing the sediment mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, and planting plants in the sediment to enrich heavy metals in the sediment;
injecting air rich in water vapor from a humidity adjusting interface, allowing the air rich in water vapor to permeate through soil in the planting accommodating shell to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through a pressurizing ventilation interface, and allowing the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell to realize ventilation;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell is too bad, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface can timely relieve pressure and discharge injected air;
s7, exposing the substrate sludge after the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10-15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2-3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand particles mixed in the substrate sludge by utilizing a filter screen.
Preferably, in the step S5, in the process of exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the sediment, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel is kept to be 1.2-1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the sediment in the curing preparation barrel is dried and cured at 150-300 ℃, and when the moisture content of the sediment in the curing preparation barrel is reduced to 45-60%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel is regulated to be uniformly reduced within 10-30S so as to be balanced with external air pressure.
Description: the air pressure change is utilized, so that richer pore structures can be manufactured in the sediment, and the sediment and sand particles are mixed to be used as soil for planting plants, so that the plant root system can be ventilated to a certain extent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the biological enrichment treatment mechanism has reasonable structural design and convenient operation, firstly, the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism and the refined filtering and washing mechanism are utilized to treat the sediment, so that partial heavy metals and most of organic impurities in the sediment can be removed, the subsequent further treatment is convenient, the biological enrichment treatment mechanism with double-layer design can more accurately control the humidity and the temperature of the sediment soil, and can perform controllable ventilation treatment on the sediment soil, the heavy metals in the sediment are effectively transferred and solidified in plants by utilizing the enrichment effect of the plants, and finally, the plants rich in the heavy metals are decomposed at high temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment filter wash mechanism in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fine filter mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a biological enrichment processing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sludge porosification preparation mechanism in the present invention;
fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
In the figure, 10-pretreatment filter wash mechanism, 11-wash tank, 111-wash tank top cover, 12-bottom sludge delivery pipe, 121-bottom sludge input port, 122-dispersion output ring, 13-clear water delivery pipe, 131-drainage port, 14-stirring mechanism support frame, 15-stirring mechanism, 151-stirring shaft, 152-stirring blade, 153-first motor housing, 154-first motor, 16-first delivery pump, 161-delivery pump housing, 30-biological enrichment treatment mechanism, 31-planting housing, 32-cultivation maintenance housing, 321-humidity adjustment port, 322-pressurization ventilation port, 323-balance exhaust port, 40-refinement filter wash mechanism, 41-washing housing, 42-washing inclined plate, 421-rotary washing tank, 43-tilting washing pipe, 431-washing pipe slot, 44-second motor, 441-second motor housing, 45-bottom sludge input housing, 46-cleaning drainage housing, 47-washing water pipe, 471-washing nozzle, 48-adsorption roller, 482-slag discharge belt, 483-carrier, 48513, 50-support plate, 53-support plate, and lateral aeration tank top cover.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 8, and for convenience of description, the following orientations will be defined: the vertical, horizontal, front and rear directions described below are identical to the vertical, horizontal, front and rear directions of the respective structural schematic diagrams themselves in the projection relationship.
Examples
A repair system for heavy metal polluted bottom mud, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 7, comprises a pretreatment filter washing mechanism 10, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, a fine filter washing mechanism 40 and a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism 50;
as shown in fig. 1, the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10 comprises a washing tank 11 with an upward opening, a bottom mud conveying pipe 12 extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank 11, a bottom mud input interface 121 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom mud conveying pipe 12, and a washing tank top cover 111 is arranged at the top of the washing tank 11;
an annular clear water conveying pipe 13 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank 11, and a plurality of drainage interfaces 131 are arranged on the clear water conveying pipe 13;
the lower end of the sediment conveying pipe 12 is fixedly provided with a dispersion output ring 122, the inside of the dispersion output ring 122 is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the inside of the sediment conveying pipe 12, and the dispersion output ring 122 is provided with a plurality of sediment output holes 1221 communicated with the inside of the dispersion output ring.
A stirring mechanism support frame 14 is fixed on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank 11 near the top, a stirring mechanism 15 is mounted on the stirring mechanism support frame 14, the stirring mechanism 15 comprises a stirring shaft 151 which is connected to the stirring mechanism support frame 14 in a rotating fit manner, the stirring shaft 151 extends up and down, and a plurality of stirring blades 152 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stirring shaft 151;
the stirring mechanism support frame 14 is fixedly provided with a first motor accommodating shell 153, the first motor accommodating shell 153 is internally fixedly provided with a first motor 154, the upper end of the stirring shaft 151 extends into the first motor accommodating shell 153, and the first motor 154 is used for driving the stirring shaft 151 to rotate.
The outer side wall of the cleaning tank 11 is fixedly provided with a plurality of delivery pump accommodating shells 161, the interior of the delivery pump accommodating shells 161 is fixedly provided with a first delivery pump 16, and the input end of the first delivery pump 16 is communicated with the interior of the cleaning tank 11.
As shown in fig. 3, the fine filter washing mechanism 40 includes a washing housing case 41 having an upward opening and a washing inclined plate 42 fixed in the washing housing case 41, and a plurality of rotary washing tanks 421 extending forward and backward are provided on the upper side surface of the washing inclined plate 42;
a tilting cleaning pipe 43 extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank 421, a cleaning pipe groove 431 is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe 43, and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe 43 are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 in a rotating fit manner;
as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of second motor accommodating cases 441 are fixedly disposed on the outer side wall of the cleaning accommodating case 41, the plurality of second motor accommodating cases 441 correspond to the plurality of tilting cleaning tubes 43, a second motor 44 is fixedly disposed in the second motor accommodating cases 441, a rotating shaft at one end of the tilting cleaning tubes 43 extends into the second motor accommodating cases 441, and the second motor 44 is used for driving the tilting cleaning tubes 43 to rotate.
A bottom mud input shell 45 communicated with the inside of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 near the higher end of the cleaning inclined plate 42, the output end of the first conveying pump 16 is communicated with the bottom mud input shell 45 through a pipeline, and a cleaning discharge shell 46 communicated with the inside of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 near the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate 42;
a plurality of cleaning water pipes 47 extending back and forth are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell 41, the plurality of cleaning water pipes 47 are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank 421 one by one, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads 471 are arranged on the lower side of the cleaning water pipes 47;
as shown in fig. 3, the adsorption roller 48 extending back and forth is disposed in the cleaning housing 41 at the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate 42 in a rotating fit manner, the adsorption roller 48 is driven to rotate by a motor, a slag discharging scraper 481 is fixedly disposed on the right side of the adsorption roller 48 in the cleaning housing 41, a slag discharging conveyor belt 482 is fixedly disposed on the right side of the slag discharging scraper 481 in the cleaning housing 41, the other end of the slag discharging conveyor belt 482 extends to the outside of the cleaning housing 41, and a residue housing 483 is fixedly disposed below the slag discharging conveyor belt 482 outside the cleaning housing 41.
The sediment porosification preparation mechanism 50 is used for preparing sediment into porous soil, and the porous soil is used for plant planting by the biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30;
as shown in fig. 5, the biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30 comprises a planting accommodating shell 31 with an upward opening, a cultivation and maintenance shell 32 is surrounded on the outer side of the planting accommodating shell 31, and the upper end of the cultivation and maintenance shell 32 is connected with the upper end of the planting accommodating shell 31 in a sealing way;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell 31 is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of layers of non-woven fabrics are paved on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell 31;
as shown in fig. 6, a humidity adjusting port 321 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the cultivating and curing shell 32, a pressurizing and ventilating port 322 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the cultivating and curing shell 32, a balance exhaust port 323 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the cultivating and curing shell 32, and a pressure release valve is arranged on the balance exhaust port 323.
As shown in fig. 7, the sludge porosification preparation mechanism 50 comprises a solidification preparation barrel 51 with an upward opening, an aeration output shell 52 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the solidification preparation barrel 51, an aeration conveying pipe 53 which is communicated with the inside of the aeration output shell 52 and extends up and down is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell 52, and a plurality of aeration small holes are formed at the top of the aeration output shell 52;
the curing preparation barrel 51 comprises a support plate 511, an annular lateral support enclosing block 512 is connected to the edge of the top of the support plate 511, the lateral support enclosing block 512 is formed by combining a plurality of lateral support plates 513, the lower ends of the lateral support plates 513 are connected with the support plate 511 through movable hinges, and a second top cover 54 is mounted on the top of the lateral support enclosing block 512 in a sealing mode.
The side support plate 513 has a first crushing rib 514 extending vertically on the inner side wall thereof, and a second crushing rib 531 extending vertically on the outer side wall of the aeration transfer pipe 53.
Examples
The method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps of:
s1, excavating heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and sieving the crushed bottom mud with a 200-mesh sieve;
s2, conveying the substrate sludge screened in the step S1 into a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by a motor, enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash a sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 30min, and conveying the sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 into a sedimentation tank by a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 2h;
s3, conveying the sediment sludge in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 into a sediment sludge input shell 45 of the fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and flushing the sediment sludge by using high-speed water flow sprayed by a cleaning nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment sludge flows down along the cleaning inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the washed sediment from the washing discharge shell 46 in the step S3, and then carrying out dewatering treatment on the sediment by using drying equipment to control the water content of the sediment to be 85%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud processed in the step S4 into a solidification preparation barrel 51 of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism 50, exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by using an aeration output shell 52, heating the whole solidification preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, and drying and solidifying the bottom mud in the solidification preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous sediment prepared in the step S5 into particles with the size of 1mm, adding sand particles with the size of 2mm in a proportion of 20% relative to the volume of the porous sediment, uniformly mixing, placing the sediment mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting azalea in the sediment to enrich heavy metals in the sediment;
injecting air rich in water vapor from a humidity adjusting interface 321, allowing the air rich in water vapor to permeate through soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting ordinary air through a pressurizing and ventilating interface 322, and allowing the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to realize ventilation;
when the soil air permeability in the planting accommodating shell 31 is too bad, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve pressure and discharge injected air;
s7, exposing the sediment after the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand particles mixed in the sediment by utilizing a filter screen.
In the step S5, in the process of exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the sediment, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is kept to be 1.2 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is dried and cured at 150 ℃, and when the moisture content of the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 60%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is regulated to be uniformly reduced to be balanced with the external air pressure within 10 seconds.
Examples
The method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps of:
s1, excavating heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud with a 100-mesh sieve;
s2, conveying the substrate sludge screened in the step S1 into a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by a motor, enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash a sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 90 minutes, and conveying the sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 into a sedimentation tank by a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 3 hours;
s3, conveying the sediment sludge in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 into a sediment sludge input shell 45 of the fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and flushing the sediment sludge by using high-speed water flow sprayed by a cleaning nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment sludge flows down along the cleaning inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the washed sediment from the washing discharge shell 46 in the step S3, and then carrying out dewatering treatment on the sediment by using drying equipment to control the water content of the sediment to be 70%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud processed in the step S4 into a solidification preparation barrel 51 of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism 50, exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by using an aeration output shell 52, heating the whole solidification preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 300 ℃, and drying and solidifying the bottom mud in the solidification preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous sediment prepared in the step S5 into particles with the size of 0.1mm, adding sand particles with the size of 0.5mm in a proportion of 10% relative to the volume of the porous sediment, uniformly mixing, placing the sediment mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting ilex in the sediment to enrich heavy metals in the sediment;
injecting air rich in water vapor from a humidity adjusting interface 321, allowing the air rich in water vapor to permeate through soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting ordinary air through a pressurizing and ventilating interface 322, and allowing the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to realize ventilation;
when the soil air permeability in the planting accommodating shell 31 is too bad, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve pressure and discharge injected air;
s7, exposing the sediment after the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand particles mixed in the sediment by utilizing a filter screen.
In the step S5, in the process of exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the sediment, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is kept to be 1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is dried and cured at 300 ℃, and when the moisture content of the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 45%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is regulated to be uniformly reduced to be balanced with the external air pressure within 30 seconds.
Examples
The method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps of:
s1, excavating heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud with a 100-mesh sieve;
s2, conveying the substrate sludge screened in the step S1 into a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by a motor, enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash a sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 60min, and conveying the sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 into a sedimentation tank by a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 3h;
s3, conveying the sediment sludge in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 into a sediment sludge input shell 45 of the fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and flushing the sediment sludge by using high-speed water flow sprayed by a cleaning nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment sludge flows down along the cleaning inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the washed sediment from the washing discharge shell 46 in the step S3, and then carrying out dewatering treatment on the sediment by using drying equipment to control the water content of the sediment to 75%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud processed in the step S4 into a solidification preparation barrel 51 of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism 50, exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by using an aeration output shell 52, heating the whole solidification preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 200 ℃, and drying and solidifying the bottom mud in the solidification preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous sediment prepared in the step S5 into particles with the size of 0.5mm, adding sand particles with the size of 1mm in a proportion of 15% relative to the volume of the porous sediment, uniformly mixing, placing the sediment mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting azalea and coriander in the sediment to enrich heavy metals in the sediment;
injecting air rich in water vapor from a humidity adjusting interface 321, allowing the air rich in water vapor to permeate through soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting ordinary air through a pressurizing and ventilating interface 322, and allowing the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to realize ventilation;
when the soil air permeability in the planting accommodating shell 31 is too bad, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve pressure and discharge injected air;
s7, exposing the sediment after the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 12 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand particles mixed in the sediment by utilizing a filter screen.
In the step S5, in the process of exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the sediment, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is kept to be 1.5 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is dried and cured at the temperature of 200 ℃, and when the moisture content of the sediment in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 50%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is regulated to be uniformly reduced to be balanced with the external air pressure within 20 seconds.
Claims (9)
1. The repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud is characterized by comprising a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism (10), a biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30), a refining filtering and washing mechanism (40) and a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism (50);
the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism (10) comprises a washing tank (11) with an upward opening, a bottom mud conveying pipe (12) extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank (11), a bottom mud input interface (121) is arranged at the upper end of the bottom mud conveying pipe (12), and a top cover (111) of the washing tank (11) is arranged at the top of the washing tank;
a stirring mechanism support frame (14) is fixed on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank (11) close to the top, a stirring mechanism (15) is installed on the stirring mechanism support frame (14), the stirring mechanism (15) comprises a stirring shaft (151) which is connected to the stirring mechanism support frame (14) in a rotating fit manner, the stirring shaft (151) is arranged in an extending manner, and a plurality of stirring blades (152) are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stirring shaft (151);
the fine filtering and washing mechanism (40) comprises a washing accommodating shell (41) with an upward opening and a washing inclined plate (42) fixed in the washing accommodating shell (41), and a plurality of rotary washing tanks (421) extending forwards and backwards are flown on the washing inclined plate (42);
a bottom mud input shell (45) communicated with the cleaning accommodating shell (41) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the higher end of the cleaning inclined plate (42), of the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell (41), and a cleaning discharge shell (46) communicated with the cleaning accommodating shell (41) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate (42), of the outer side of the cleaning accommodating shell (41);
a plurality of cleaning water pipes (47) extending forwards and backwards are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell (41), the cleaning water pipes (47) are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank (421) one by one, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads (471) are arranged on the lower side of the cleaning water pipes (47);
the sediment porosification preparation mechanism (50) is used for preparing sediment into porous soil, and the porous soil is used for plant planting by the biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30);
the biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30) comprises a planting accommodating shell (31) with an upward opening, a cultivation and maintenance shell (32) is surrounded on the outer side of the planting accommodating shell (31), and the upper end of the cultivation and maintenance shell (32) is connected with the upper end of the planting accommodating shell (31) in a sealing manner;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell (31) is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of layers of non-woven fabrics are paved on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell (31);
the outside of the cultivation and maintenance shell (32) is fixedly provided with a humidity adjusting interface (321), the outside of the cultivation and maintenance shell (32) is fixedly provided with a pressurizing and ventilating interface (322), the outside of the cultivation and maintenance shell (32) is fixedly provided with a balance exhaust interface (323), and the balance exhaust interface (323) is provided with a pressure release valve;
the sludge porosification preparation mechanism (50) comprises a solidification preparation barrel (51) with an upward opening, an aeration output shell (52) is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the solidification preparation barrel (51), an aeration conveying pipe (53) which is communicated with the inside of the aeration output shell (52) and extends up and down is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell (52), and a plurality of aeration small holes are formed at the top of the aeration output shell (52);
the solidification preparation barrel (51) comprises a supporting plate (511), an annular lateral supporting enclosing baffle (512) is connected to the edge of the top of the supporting plate (511), the lateral supporting enclosing baffle (512) is formed by combining a plurality of lateral supporting plates (513), the lower ends of the lateral supporting plates (513) are connected with the supporting plate (511) through movable hinges, and a second top cover (54) is installed on the top of the lateral supporting enclosing baffle (512) in a sealing mode.
2. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: an annular clear water conveying pipe (13) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank (11), and a plurality of drainage interfaces (131) are arranged on the clear water conveying pipe (13);
the bottom mud conveying pipe (12) lower extreme is fixed and is equipped with dispersion output ring (122), dispersion output ring (122) inside be hollow structure and with inside being linked together of bottom mud conveying pipe (12), dispersion output ring (122) are last have a plurality of bottom mud output holes (1221) that are linked together with self inside.
3. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring mechanism support frame (14), and is characterized in that a first motor accommodating shell (153) is fixedly arranged on the stirring mechanism support frame (14), a first motor (154) is fixedly arranged in the first motor accommodating shell (153), the upper end of a stirring shaft (151) extends to the inside of the first motor accommodating shell (153), and the first motor (154) is used for driving the stirring shaft (151) to rotate.
4. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: the cleaning tank is characterized in that a plurality of conveying pump accommodating shells (161) are fixedly arranged on the outer side walls of the cleaning tank (11), a first conveying pump (16) is fixedly arranged in the conveying pump accommodating shells (161), the input end of the first conveying pump (16) is communicated with the interior of the cleaning tank (11), and the output end of the first conveying pump (16) is communicated with the bottom mud input shell (45) through a pipeline.
5. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: a tilting cleaning pipe (43) extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank (421), a cleaning pipe groove (431) is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe (43), and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe (43) are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell (41) in a rotating fit manner;
the cleaning and containing device is characterized in that a plurality of second motor containing shells (441) are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the cleaning and containing shell (41), the second motor containing shells (441) correspond to the positions of the tilting and cleaning pipes (43), a second motor (44) is fixedly arranged in each second motor containing shell (441), a rotating shaft at one end of each tilting and cleaning pipe (43) extends into the corresponding second motor containing shell (441), and the second motor (44) is used for driving the tilting and cleaning pipes (43) to rotate.
6. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: the cleaning device is characterized in that the cleaning containing shell (41) is internally provided with a suction roller (48) which extends front and back in a rotating fit manner at the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate (42), the suction roller (48) is driven to rotate by a motor, a slag discharging scraping plate (481) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the suction roller (48) in the cleaning containing shell (41), a slag discharging conveying belt (482) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the slag discharging scraping plate (481) in the cleaning containing shell (41), the other end of the slag discharging conveying belt (482) extends to the outside of the cleaning containing shell (41), and a filter residue containing shell (483) is fixedly arranged below the slag discharging conveying belt (482) at the outer side of the cleaning containing shell (41).
7. A repair system for heavy metal contaminated sediment according to claim 1, wherein: the side support plate (513) is provided with a first crushing rib (514) extending up and down, and the outer side wall of the aeration conveying pipe (53) is provided with a second crushing rib (531) extending up and down.
8. The method for repairing heavy metal contaminated bottom mud by using the repair system for heavy metal contaminated bottom mud according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, excavating heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud with a sieve of 100-200 meshes;
s2, conveying the substrate sludge after screening in the step S1 into a cleaning tank (11) of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism (10), injecting clear water into the cleaning tank (11), driving a stirring shaft (151) by a motor, enabling a stirring blade (152) to continuously stir, filter and wash a sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank (11) for 30-90 min, and conveying the sludge-water mixture in the cleaning tank (11) into a sedimentation tank by a first conveying pump (16) for sedimentation for 2-3 h;
s3, conveying sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 into a sediment input shell (45) of a fine filtering and washing mechanism (40), and flushing the sediment by using high-speed water flow sprayed by a cleaning nozzle (471) in the process that the sediment flows down along a cleaning inclined plate (42);
s4, discharging the washed sediment from the washing discharge shell (46) in the step S3, and then carrying out dewatering treatment on the sediment by using drying equipment, wherein the water content of the sediment is controlled to be 70% -85%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud treated in the step S4 into a solidification preparation barrel (51) of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism (50), exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by utilizing an aeration output shell (52), heating the whole solidification preparation barrel (51), controlling the temperature to be 150-300 ℃, and drying and solidifying the bottom mud in the solidification preparation barrel (51) to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous sediment prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.1-1 mm, adding sand particles with the particle size of 0.5-2 mm in a proportion of 10% -20% relative to the volume of the porous sediment, uniformly mixing, placing the sediment mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell (31) of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30), and planting plants in the sediment to enrich heavy metals in the sediment;
injecting air rich in water vapor from a humidity adjusting interface (321), allowing the air rich in water vapor to permeate through soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through a pressurizing ventilation interface (322), and allowing the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) to realize ventilation;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) is too poor, the pressure release valve on the balance exhaust interface (323) can timely release and discharge the injected air;
s7, exposing the substrate sludge after the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10-15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2-3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand particles mixed in the substrate sludge by utilizing a filter screen.
9. The method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: in the step S5, in the process of exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the sediment, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel (51) is kept to be 1.2-1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the sediment in the curing preparation barrel (51) is dried and cured at the temperature of 150-300 ℃, and when the moisture content of the sediment in the curing preparation barrel (51) is reduced to 45-60%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel (51) is regulated to be uniformly reduced to be balanced with external air pressure within 10-30S.
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