CN115448556A - Remediation system and remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud - Google Patents
Remediation system and remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN115448556A CN115448556A CN202211142217.7A CN202211142217A CN115448556A CN 115448556 A CN115448556 A CN 115448556A CN 202211142217 A CN202211142217 A CN 202211142217A CN 115448556 A CN115448556 A CN 115448556A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a restoration system and a restoration method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud, which comprises a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, a fine filtering and washing mechanism and a bottom mud porosity preparation mechanism; the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism comprises a washing tank, a bottom sediment conveying pipe is fixedly arranged in the washing tank, a dispersing output ring is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the bottom sediment conveying pipe, and a plurality of bottom sediment output holes are formed in the dispersing output ring; the method comprises the steps that firstly, a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism and a fine filtering and washing mechanism are utilized to treat bottom mud, so that partial heavy metals and most organic impurities in the bottom mud can be removed, the biological enrichment treatment mechanism with a double-layer design can more accurately control the humidity and the temperature of the bottom mud soil and can carry out controllable ventilation treatment on the bottom mud soil, the heavy metals in the bottom mud are effectively transferred and solidified in plants under the enrichment effect of the plants, and finally, the plants rich in the heavy metals are subjected to pyrolysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bottom mud remediation, in particular to a remediation system and a remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud.
Background
The method is characterized in that the overlying water, sediments at the bottom of the water body and various surrounding environmental conditions form a complete water body, the river pollution comprises exogenous pollution and endogenous pollution, under the background of deep development of the water treatment field, china develops rapidly in numerous fields such as basin treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, domestic sewage treatment and the like, the exogenous pollution is controlled, the consideration on harmless treatment of river sediment is far away from sewage treatment, pollutants are finally deposited in the sediment and gradually accumulated after entering the water body through the ways of precipitation, adsorption, biological absorption and the like, once the environmental conditions are changed, the pollutants can be released again to pollute the quality of the overlying water in the ways of desorption, diffusion, disturbance and the like, and then the whole water body is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a remediation system and a remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom sediment, which can thoroughly eliminate heavy metal pollution in the bottom sediment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a restoration system for heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, a fine filtering and washing mechanism and a bottom mud porosity preparation mechanism;
the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism comprises a washing tank with an upward opening, a bottom mud conveying pipe extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank, a bottom mud input interface is arranged at the upper end of the bottom mud conveying pipe, and a top cover of the washing tank is arranged at the top of the washing tank;
a stirring mechanism supporting frame is fixed on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank close to the top, a stirring mechanism is mounted on the stirring mechanism supporting frame, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft which is connected to the stirring mechanism supporting frame in a rotating fit manner, the stirring shaft extends up and down, and a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stirring shaft;
the fine filtering and washing mechanism comprises a washing accommodating shell with an upward opening and a washing inclined plate fixed in the washing accommodating shell, and the upper side surface of the washing inclined plate is provided with a plurality of rotary washing tanks extending forwards and backwards;
a bottom mud input shell communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the higher end of the cleaning inclined plate, of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell, and a cleaning discharge shell communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the lower end of the cleaning inclined plate, of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell;
a plurality of cleaning water pipes extending forwards and backwards are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell, the plurality of cleaning water pipes are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank one by one, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads are arranged on the lower side of each cleaning water pipe;
the bottom sediment porosification preparation mechanism is used for preparing bottom sediment into porous soil, and the porous soil is used for the biological enrichment treatment mechanism to plant;
the biological enrichment treatment mechanism comprises a planting containing shell with an upward opening, a cultivating and maintaining shell surrounds the outer side of the planting containing shell, and the upper end of the cultivating and maintaining shell is hermetically connected with the upper end of the planting containing shell;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of layers of non-woven fabrics are laid on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell;
cultivate the fixed humidity control interface that is equipped with in maintenance casing outside, cultivate the fixed pressurization ventilation interface that is equipped with in maintenance casing outside, cultivate the fixed balanced exhaust interface that is equipped with in maintenance casing outside, have the relief valve on the balanced exhaust interface.
Preferably, an annular clear water conveying pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank, and a plurality of water discharging interfaces are arranged on the clear water conveying pipe;
the fixed dispersion output ring that is equipped with of bed mud conveyer pipe lower extreme, dispersion output ring inside be hollow structure and with the inside bottom mud conveyer pipe be linked together, have a plurality of bed mud delivery outlets that are linked together with self inside on the dispersion output ring.
Description of the drawings: the dispersion output ring can discharge the sediment to the cleaning tank more uniformly.
Preferably, fixed being equipped with first motor on the rabbling mechanism support frame and holding the shell, first motor holds the shell internal fixation and is equipped with first motor, and inside the upper end of (mixing) shaft extended to first motor and holds the shell, first motor was used for driving the (mixing) shaft and rotates.
Preferably, wash a jar lateral wall and fixedly be equipped with a plurality of delivery pumps and hold the shell, the delivery pump holds the shell internal fixation and is equipped with first delivery pump, and the input of first delivery pump is linked together with washing jar inside, and the output of first delivery pump passes through the pipeline and feeds through mutually with sediment input shell.
Description of the drawings: the first conveying pumps are beneficial to discharging the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank more quickly and uniformly.
Preferably, a tilting cleaning pipe extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank, a cleaning pipe slot is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe, and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell in a rotating fit manner;
the washing holds fixed a plurality of second motors that are equipped with on the shell lateral wall and holds the shell, and a plurality of above-mentioned second motors hold the shell corresponding with a plurality of positions of verting the scavenge pipe, and the second motor holds the shell internal fixation and is equipped with the second motor, and in the scavenge pipe wherein the pivot of one end of verting extended to the second motor and holds the shell, the second motor was used for the drive to vert the scavenge pipe and rotates.
Description of the drawings: when sediment top-down circulates on wasing the swash plate, the scavenge pipe that verts can hold back certain sediment and make the sediment keep in the scavenge pipe that verts, and this in-process is favorable to carrying out more thorough washing to the sediment, then utilizes motor drive to vert the scavenge pipe rotation, and the sediment of keeping in the scavenge pipe that will vert is emptyd.
Preferably, the washing holds the adsorption cylinder that the lower one end normal running fit of shell in lieing in washing swash plate is equipped with the front and back extension, and adsorption cylinder rotates by motor drive, and the washing holds the fixed sediment scraper blade that is equipped with in the shell in lieing in the adsorption cylinder right side, and the washing holds the shell in lieing in the fixed sediment scraper blade right side and is equipped with the sediment conveyer belt of arranging, arranges the sediment conveyer belt other end and extends to the washing and holds the shell outside, and the washing holds the shell outside and lies in the fixed filter residue that is equipped with in sediment conveyer belt below and holds the shell.
Description of the drawings: the adsorption roller has magnetism and can adsorb and remove magnetic particle impurities in the bottom mud.
Preferably, the bottom sediment porosity preparation mechanism comprises a solidification preparation barrel with an upward opening, an aeration output shell is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the solidification preparation barrel, an aeration conveying pipe which is communicated with the interior of the aeration output shell and extends up and down is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell, and a plurality of aeration small holes are formed in the top of the aeration output shell;
the solidification preparation bucket includes the backup pad, and backup pad top edge connects to be equipped with annular side direction support and encloses the fender, and the side direction support encloses the fender and forms by a plurality of side backup pad combinations, and the side backup pad lower extreme is connected with the backup pad through the activity hinge, and the side direction support encloses fender top seal and installs the second top cap.
Description of the invention: utilize bed mud porosification preparation mechanism can prepare the bed mud into the abundant soil of pore structure, be convenient for carry out subsequent plant and plant.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the side support plate is provided with a first crushing convex rib extending up and down, and the outer side wall of the aeration conveying pipe is provided with a second crushing convex rib extending up and down.
Description of the invention: first broken bead and the broken bead of second can form the recess on the bed mud piece of solidification, and the bed mud piece of the solidification of being convenient for is broken from solidification preparation bucket and is taken out.
Preferably, the method for remedying the heavy metal polluted bottom sediment by using the remediation system for the heavy metal polluted bottom sediment comprises the following steps:
s1, digging out heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud through a sieve of 100-200 meshes;
s2, conveying the bottom sludge screened and filtered in the step S1 to a cleaning tank of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank, driving a stirring shaft by using a motor, enabling a stirring blade to continuously stir, filter and wash the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank for 30-90 min, and conveying the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank to a sedimentation tank by using a first conveying pump for sedimentation for 2-3 h;
s3, conveying the sediment bottom sludge in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 to a bottom sludge input shell of a fine filtering and washing mechanism, and washing the bottom sludge by utilizing high-speed water flow sprayed by a washing nozzle in the process that the bottom sludge flows down along a washing inclined plate;
s4, discharging the substrate sludge subjected to the washing in the step S3 from the washing discharge shell, and then performing dewatering treatment on the substrate sludge by using drying equipment to control the water content of the substrate sludge to be 70-85%;
s5, conveying the bottom mud treated in the step S4 into a curing preparation barrel of a bottom mud porosity preparation mechanism, exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the bottom mud by utilizing an aeration output shell, heating the whole curing preparation barrel, controlling the temperature to be 150-300 ℃, and drying and curing the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel to obtain porous bottom mud;
s6, crushing the porous bottom mud prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.1-1 mm, adding sand particles with a proportion of 10-20% of the volume of the porous bottom mud, uniformly mixing, wherein the particle size of the sand particles is 0.5-2 mm, placing the bottom mud mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism, and planting plants in the bottom mud to enrich heavy metals in the bottom mud;
injecting water vapor-rich air from the humidity adjusting interface, wherein the water vapor-rich air is used for supplementing water to soil by permeating the soil in the planting accommodating shell, injecting common air through the pressurizing and ventilating interface, and ventilating by flowing the air through the soil in the planting accommodating shell;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell is too poor, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface can timely relieve and exhaust the injected air;
s7, exposing the bottom mud subjected to the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10-15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2-3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand grains mixed in the bottom mud by using a filter screen.
Preferably, in the process of exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud in the step S5, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel is kept at 1.2-1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel is dried and cured at the temperature of 150-300 ℃, and when the water content of the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel is reduced to 45-60%, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel is adjusted to be uniformly reduced within 10-30S so as to balance the external air pressure.
Description of the drawings: utilize the atmospheric pressure to change, be favorable to producing abundanter pore structure in the bed mud, mix bed mud and sand grain when planting the plant as soil, be favorable to the plant root system to carry out certain ventilative.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the biological enrichment treatment mechanism with the double-layer design can more accurately control the humidity and the temperature of the bottom sediment soil and can perform controllable ventilation treatment on the bottom sediment soil, effectively transfer and solidify the heavy metals in the bottom sediment in plants by utilizing the enrichment effect of the plants, and finally perform pyrolysis on the plants rich in the heavy metals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a pretreatment filter washing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fine filtering and washing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bio-concentration processing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bottom mud porosification preparation mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
In the drawing, 10-pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism, 11-washing tank, 111-washing tank top cover, 12-bottom mud conveying pipe, 121-bottom mud input interface, 122-dispersion output ring, 13-clear water conveying pipe, 131-water discharge interface, 14-stirring mechanism support frame, 15-stirring mechanism, 151-stirring shaft, 152-stirring blade, 153-first motor containing shell, 154-first motor, 16-first conveying pump, 161-conveying pump containing shell, 30-biological enrichment treatment mechanism, 31-planting containing shell, 32-cultivation maintenance shell, 321-humidity adjusting interface, 322-pressurization ventilation interface, 323-balance exhaust interface, 40-fine filtering and washing mechanism, 41-washing containing shell, 42-washing inclined plate, 421-rotary washing tank, 43-washing pipe, 431-washing pipe slotting, 44-second motor, 441-second motor containing shell, 45-bottom mud input shell, 46-washing discharge shell, 47-washing water pipe, 471-adsorption washing nozzle, 48-483-deslagging roller, preparation of bottom mud preparation and lateral-side surface sludge-crushing support plate, 53-slagging support plate, aeration and solidification support plate, 53-aeration bottom mud crushing support plate, aeration and solidification support plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-8, for ease of description, the orientations described below will now be defined as follows: the up-down, left-right, front-back directions described below coincide with the up-down, left-right, front-back directions in the projection relation of the respective configuration diagrams themselves.
Example 1:
a remediation system for heavy metal contaminated bottom sediment, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 7, comprises a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, a fine filtering and washing mechanism 40 and a bottom sediment porosity preparation mechanism 50;
as shown in fig. 1, the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10 comprises a washing tank 11 with an upward opening, a bottom sludge conveying pipe 12 extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank 11, a bottom sludge input interface 121 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom sludge conveying pipe 12, and a washing tank top cover 111 is arranged at the top of the washing tank 11;
an annular clear water conveying pipe 13 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank 11, and a plurality of water discharging interfaces 131 are arranged on the clear water conveying pipe 13;
the lower end of the sediment conveying pipe 12 is fixedly provided with a dispersion output ring 122, the dispersion output ring 122 is internally hollow and communicated with the inside of the sediment conveying pipe 12, and the dispersion output ring 122 is provided with a plurality of sediment output holes 1221 communicated with the inside of the dispersion output ring 122.
A stirring mechanism support frame 14 is fixed on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank 11 close to the top, a stirring mechanism 15 is mounted on the stirring mechanism support frame 14, the stirring mechanism 15 comprises a stirring shaft 151 which is connected to the stirring mechanism support frame 14 in a rotating fit manner, the stirring shaft 151 is arranged in a vertically extending manner, and a plurality of stirring blades 152 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stirring shaft 151;
the stirring mechanism support frame 14 is fixedly provided with a first motor accommodating shell 153, a first motor 154 is fixedly arranged in the first motor accommodating shell 153, the upper end of the stirring shaft 151 extends into the first motor accommodating shell 153, and the first motor 154 is used for driving the stirring shaft 151 to rotate.
The fixed a plurality of delivery pump that are equipped with of washing jar 11 lateral wall holds the shell 161, and the delivery pump holds shell 161 internal fixation and is equipped with first delivery pump 16, and the input of first delivery pump 16 is linked together with washing jar 11 is inside.
As shown in fig. 3, the fine filtering and washing mechanism 40 includes a washing accommodating case 41 with an upward opening and a washing inclined plate 42 fixed in the washing accommodating case 41, wherein the upper side surface of the washing inclined plate 42 is provided with a plurality of rotary washing tanks 421 extending back and forth;
a tilting cleaning pipe 43 extending back and forth is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank 421, a cleaning pipe open slot 431 is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe 43, and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe 43 are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell 41 in a rotating and matching manner;
as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of second motor accommodating cases 441 are fixedly disposed on the outer side wall of the cleaning accommodating case 41, the plurality of second motor accommodating cases 441 correspond to the positions of the plurality of tilting cleaning pipes 43, a second motor 44 is fixedly disposed in the second motor accommodating cases 441, a rotating shaft of one end of the tilting cleaning pipe 43 extends into the second motor accommodating cases 441, and the second motor 44 is used for driving the tilting cleaning pipe 43 to rotate.
A bottom sediment input shell 45 communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell 41 is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the higher end of the cleaning sloping plate 42, of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell 41, an output end of the first delivery pump 16 is communicated with the bottom sediment input shell 45 through a pipeline, and a cleaning discharge shell 46 communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell 41 is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the lower end of the cleaning sloping plate 42, of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell 41;
a plurality of cleaning water pipes 47 extending back and forth are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell 41, the plurality of cleaning water pipes 47 are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank 421 one by one, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads 471 are arranged at the lower side of the cleaning water pipes 47;
as shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the cleaning sloping plate 42 in the cleaning containing shell 41 is rotatably matched with the adsorption roller 48 extending front and back, the adsorption roller 48 is driven by a motor to rotate, the right side of the adsorption roller 48 in the cleaning containing shell 41 is fixedly provided with a slag discharge scraper 481, the right side of the slag discharge scraper 481 in the cleaning containing shell 41 is fixedly provided with a slag discharge conveyer belt 482, the other end of the slag discharge conveyer belt 482 extends to the outside of the cleaning containing shell 41, and the outer side of the cleaning containing shell 41 is positioned below the slag discharge conveyer belt 482 and is fixedly provided with a slag discharge containing shell 483.
The bottom sediment porosification preparation mechanism 50 is used for preparing bottom sediment into porous soil, and the porous soil is used for the biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30 to plant;
as shown in fig. 5, the biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30 comprises a planting accommodating shell 31 with an upward opening, a cultivating and maintaining shell 32 is arranged around the planting accommodating shell 31, and the upper end of the cultivating and maintaining shell 32 is hermetically connected with the upper end of the planting accommodating shell 31;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell 31 is of a hollow structure, and multiple layers of non-woven fabrics are laid on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell 31;
as shown in fig. 6, a humidity adjusting connector 321 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the cultivation and maintenance housing 32, a pressurized ventilation connector 322 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the cultivation and maintenance housing 32, a balance exhaust connector 323 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the cultivation and maintenance housing 32, and a pressure relief valve is disposed on the balance exhaust connector 323.
As shown in fig. 7, the bottom sediment voiding preparation mechanism 50 comprises a solidification preparation barrel 51 with an upward opening, an aeration output shell 52 is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the solidification preparation barrel 51, an aeration delivery pipe 53 which extends up and down and is communicated with the inside of the aeration output shell 52 is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell 52, and a plurality of aeration small holes are arranged at the top of the aeration output shell 52;
the curing preparation barrel 51 comprises a supporting plate 511, an annular lateral supporting enclosure 512 is connected to the top edge of the supporting plate 511, the lateral supporting enclosure 512 is formed by combining a plurality of lateral supporting plates 513, the lower ends of the lateral supporting plates 513 are connected with the supporting plate 511 through movable hinges, and a second top cover 54 is hermetically mounted on the top of the lateral supporting enclosure 52.
The side support plate 513 has a first crushing rib 514 extending upward and downward on the inner side wall thereof, and the aeration duct 53 has a second crushing rib 531 extending upward and downward on the outer side wall thereof.
Example 2:
the method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps:
s1, digging out heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud through a 200-mesh screen;
s2, conveying the bottom sludge screened in the step S1 to a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by using a motor and enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 30min, and conveying the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 to a sedimentation tank by using a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 2h;
s3, conveying the sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 to a sediment input shell 45 of a fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and washing the sediment by utilizing high-speed water flow sprayed by a washing spray nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment flows down along a washing inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the substrate sludge subjected to the flushing in the step S3 from the cleaning discharge shell 46, and then performing dewatering treatment on the substrate sludge by using drying equipment to control the water content of the substrate sludge to be 85%;
s5, conveying the bottom sludge treated in the step S4 into a curing preparation barrel 51 of a bottom sludge porosity preparation mechanism 50, utilizing an aeration output shell 52 to expose a large amount of micro bubbles into the bottom sludge and heating the whole curing preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 150 ℃, and drying and curing the bottom sludge in the curing preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom sludge;
s6, crushing the porous bottom mud prepared in the step S5 into particles of 1mm, adding sand particles with a proportion of 20% of the volume of the porous bottom mud, uniformly mixing, wherein the particle size of the sand particles is 2mm, placing the bottom mud mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting rhododendrons in the bottom mud to enrich heavy metals in the bottom mud;
injecting air rich in water vapor from the humidity adjusting interface 321, enabling the air rich in water vapor to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through the pressurized ventilation interface 322, and enabling the air to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 is too poor, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve and exhaust the injected air;
and S7, exposing the bottom mud subjected to the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand grains mixed in the bottom mud by using a filter screen.
In the process of exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud in the step S5, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is kept at 1.2 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 is dried and cured at the temperature of 150 ℃, and when the water content of the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 60 percent, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 is adjusted to be uniformly reduced within 10 seconds so as to balance the external air pressure.
Example 3:
the method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom sediment by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom sediment comprises the following steps:
s1, digging out heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud through a 100-mesh sieve;
s2, conveying the bottom sludge screened in the step S1 to a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clean water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by using a motor and enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 90min, and conveying the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 to a sedimentation tank by using a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 3h;
s3, conveying the sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 to a sediment input shell 45 of a fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and washing the sediment by utilizing high-speed water flow sprayed by a washing spray nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment flows down along a washing inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the bottom sludge subjected to the washing in the step S3 from the washing discharge shell 46, and then performing dewatering treatment on the bottom sludge by using drying equipment, wherein the water content of the bottom sludge is controlled at 70%;
s5, conveying the bottom sludge treated in the step S4 into a curing preparation barrel 51 of a bottom sludge porosity preparation mechanism 50, utilizing an aeration output shell 52 to expose a large amount of micro bubbles into the bottom sludge and heating the whole curing preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 300 ℃, and drying and curing the bottom sludge in the curing preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom sludge;
s6, crushing the porous bottom mud prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.1mm, adding sand particles with a proportion of 10% of the volume of the porous bottom mud, uniformly mixing, wherein the particle size of the sand particles is 0.5mm, placing the bottom mud mixed with the sand particles in a planting accommodating shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting hollies in the bottom mud to enrich heavy metals in the bottom mud;
injecting air rich in water vapor from the humidity adjusting interface 321, enabling the air rich in water vapor to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through the pressurized ventilation interface 322, and enabling the air to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 is too poor, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve and exhaust the injected air;
s7, exposing the bottom mud subjected to the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand grains mixed in the bottom mud by using a filter screen.
And S5, in the process of exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud, keeping the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 at 1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, drying and curing the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 at 300 ℃, and adjusting the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 to be uniformly reduced within 30S until the water content of the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 45 percent so as to balance the external air pressure.
Example 4:
the method for repairing the heavy metal polluted bottom mud by using the repairing system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud comprises the following steps:
s1, digging out heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud through a 100-mesh sieve;
s2, conveying the bottom sludge screened in the step S1 to a cleaning tank 11 of a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism 10, injecting clear water into the cleaning tank 11, driving a stirring shaft 151 by using a motor and enabling a stirring blade 152 to continuously stir, filter and wash the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 for 60min, and conveying the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank 11 to a sedimentation tank by using a first conveying pump 16 for sedimentation for 3h;
s3, conveying the sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 to a sediment input shell 45 of a fine filtering and washing mechanism 40, and washing the sediment by utilizing high-speed water flow sprayed by a washing spray nozzle 471 in the process that the sediment flows down along a washing inclined plate 42;
s4, discharging the bottom sludge subjected to the washing in the step S3 from the washing discharge shell 46, and then performing dewatering treatment on the bottom sludge by using drying equipment to control the water content of the bottom sludge to be 75%;
s5, conveying the bottom sludge treated in the step S4 into a curing preparation barrel 51 of a bottom sludge porosity preparation mechanism 50, utilizing an aeration output shell 52 to expose a large amount of micro bubbles into the bottom sludge and heating the whole curing preparation barrel 51, controlling the temperature at 200 ℃, and drying and curing the bottom sludge in the curing preparation barrel 51 to obtain porous bottom sludge;
s6, crushing the porous bottom mud prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.5mm, adding sand grains of which the proportion is 15% of the volume of the porous bottom mud, uniformly mixing, wherein the particle size of the sand grains is 1mm, placing the bottom mud mixed with the sand grains in a planting containing shell 31 of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism 30, and planting rhododendron and caraway in the bottom mud to enrich heavy metals in the bottom mud;
injecting air rich in water vapor from the humidity adjusting interface 321, enabling the air rich in water vapor to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31 to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through the pressurized ventilation interface 322, and enabling the air to permeate through the soil in the planting accommodating shell 31;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting container 31 is too poor, the pressure relief valve on the balance air exhaust interface 323 can timely relieve and exhaust the injected air;
s7, exposing the bottom mud subjected to the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 12 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand grains mixed in the bottom mud by using a filter screen.
And S5, in the process of exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud, keeping the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 at 1.5 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, drying and curing the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 at 200 ℃, and adjusting the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel 51 to be uniformly reduced within 20S until the water content of the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel 51 is reduced to 50% so as to balance the external air pressure.
Claims (10)
1. The restoration system for the heavy metal polluted bottom mud is characterized by comprising a pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism (10), a biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30), a fine filtering and washing mechanism (40) and a bottom mud pore preparation mechanism (50);
the pretreatment filtering and washing mechanism (10) comprises a washing tank (11) with an upward opening, a bottom sludge conveying pipe (12) extending up and down is fixedly arranged in the washing tank (11), a bottom sludge input interface (121) is arranged at the upper end of the bottom sludge conveying pipe (12), and a washing tank top cover (111) is installed at the top of the washing tank (11);
a stirring mechanism support frame (14) is fixed on the position, close to the top, of the inner side wall of the cleaning tank (11), a stirring mechanism (15) is installed on the stirring mechanism support frame (14), the stirring mechanism (15) comprises a stirring shaft (151) which is connected to the stirring mechanism support frame (14) in a rotating fit mode, the stirring shaft (151) extends up and down, and a plurality of stirring blades (152) are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stirring shaft (151);
the fine filtering and washing mechanism (40) comprises a washing accommodating shell (41) with an upward opening and a washing inclined plate (42) fixed in the washing accommodating shell (41), and a plurality of rotary washing tanks (421) extending forwards and backwards fly on the washing inclined plate (42);
a bottom mud input shell (45) communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell (41) is fixedly arranged at one higher end of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell (41) close to the cleaning sloping plate (42), and a cleaning discharge shell (46) communicated with the inside of the cleaning containing shell (41) is fixedly arranged at one lower end of the outer side of the cleaning containing shell (41) close to the cleaning sloping plate (42);
a plurality of cleaning water pipes (47) extending forwards and backwards are fixedly arranged in the cleaning accommodating shell (41), the plurality of cleaning water pipes (47) are arranged above the rotary cleaning tank (421) in a one-to-one manner, and a plurality of cleaning spray heads (471) are arranged on the lower side of each cleaning water pipe (47);
the bottom sediment porosity preparation mechanism (50) is used for preparing bottom sediment into porous soil, and the porous soil is used for planting plants by the biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30);
the biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30) comprises a planting containing shell (31) with an upward opening, a cultivating and maintaining shell (32) surrounds the outer side of the planting containing shell (31), and the upper end of the cultivating and maintaining shell (32) is connected with the upper end of the planting containing shell (31) in a sealing mode;
the side wall of the planting accommodating shell (31) is of a hollow structure, and multiple layers of non-woven fabrics are laid on the inner wall of the planting accommodating shell (31);
cultivate maintenance casing (32) outside and fix and be equipped with humidity control interface (321), cultivate maintenance casing (32) outside and fix and be equipped with pressurization ventilation interface (322), cultivate maintenance casing (32) outside and fix and be equipped with balanced exhaust interface (323), balanced exhaust interface (323) is gone up and is had the relief valve.
2. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an annular clean water conveying pipe (13) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the cleaning tank (11), and a plurality of water drainage interfaces (131) are arranged on the clean water conveying pipe (13);
the fixed dispersion output ring (122) that is equipped with of sediment conveyer pipe (12) lower extreme, dispersion output ring (122) inside be hollow structure and with sediment conveyer pipe (12) inside is linked together, dispersion output ring (122) are gone up and have a plurality of sediment delivery outlets (1221) that are linked together with self inside.
3. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: fixed first motor that is equipped with on rabbling mechanism support frame (14) holds shell (153), first motor holds shell (153) internal fixation and is equipped with first motor (154), the upper end of (mixing) shaft (151) extends to inside first motor holds shell (153), first motor (154) are used for the drive (mixing) shaft (151) rotate.
4. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: wash jar (11) lateral wall fixed a plurality of delivery pumps and hold shell (161) of being equipped with, the delivery pump holds shell (161) internal fixation and is equipped with first delivery pump (16), the input of first delivery pump (16) with wash jar (11) inside and be linked together, the output of first delivery pump (16) pass through the pipeline with sediment input shell (45) are linked together.
5. The remediation system for heavy metal contaminated bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein: a tilting cleaning pipe (43) extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the rotary cleaning tank (421), a cleaning pipe slot (431) is formed in the tilting cleaning pipe (43), and the front end and the rear end of the tilting cleaning pipe (43) are connected to the side wall of the cleaning accommodating shell (41) in a rotating fit manner;
the washing is held and is fixed on shell (41) lateral wall and be equipped with a plurality of second motors and hold shell (441), and a plurality of above-mentioned second motors hold shell (441) and a plurality of the position of tilting scavenge pipe (43) is corresponding, the second motor holds shell (441) internal fixation and is equipped with second motor (44), the scavenge pipe (43) of verting wherein the pivot of one end extends to in the second motor holds shell (441), second motor (44) are used for the drive the scavenge pipe (43) of verting rotates.
6. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the washing holds and is located in shell (41) wash adsorption drum (48) that the lower one end normal running fit of swash plate (42) was equipped with the front and back extension, adsorption drum (48) are rotated by motor drive, the washing holds and is located in shell (41) adsorption drum (48) right side is fixed and is equipped with row's sediment scraper blade (481), the washing holds and is located in shell (41) arrange sediment scraper blade (481) right side and is fixed and be equipped with row's sediment conveyer belt (482), arrange sediment conveyer belt (482) other end and extend to the washing holds shell (41) outside, the washing holds and is located arrange the shell (41) outside row's sediment conveyer belt (482) below is fixed and is equipped with the filter residue and hold shell (483).
7. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom sediment pore preparation mechanism (50) comprises a solidification preparation barrel (51) with an upward opening, an aeration output shell (52) is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the solidification preparation barrel (51), an aeration conveying pipe (53) which is communicated with the inside of the aeration output shell (52) and extends up and down is fixedly arranged at the top of the aeration output shell (52), and a plurality of aeration small holes are formed in the top of the aeration output shell (52);
solidification preparation bucket (51) is including backup pad (511), backup pad (511) top edge connects and is equipped with annular lateral support and encloses fender (512), lateral support encloses fender (512) and is formed by a plurality of side backup pad (513) combinations, side backup pad (513) lower extreme through the activity hinge with backup pad (511) are connected, lateral support encloses fender (52) top seal and installs second top cap (54).
8. A remediation system for heavy metal contaminated substrate sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner side wall of the side support plate (513) is provided with a first crushing convex rib (514) extending up and down, and the outer side wall of the aeration conveying pipe (53) is provided with a second crushing convex rib (531) extending up and down.
9. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated bottom sediment by using the system for remediating heavy metal contaminated bottom sediment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
s1, digging out heavy metal polluted bottom mud from a river channel, drying in the sun, crushing the dried bottom mud, and screening the crushed bottom mud through a sieve of 100-200 meshes;
s2, conveying the bottom sludge screened and filtered in the step S1 to a cleaning tank (11) of a pretreatment filtering and cleaning mechanism (10), injecting clear water into the cleaning tank (11), driving a stirring shaft (151) by using a motor, continuously stirring, filtering and cleaning the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank (11) by using a stirring blade (152) for 30-90 min, and conveying the mud-water mixture in the cleaning tank (11) to a sedimentation tank by using a first conveying pump (16) for sedimentation for 2-3 h;
s3, conveying the sediment in the sedimentation tank in the step S2 to a sediment input shell (45) of a fine filtering and washing mechanism (40), and washing the sediment by utilizing high-speed water flow sprayed by a washing spray head (471) in the process that the sediment flows down along a washing inclined plate (42);
s4, discharging the bottom sludge subjected to the washing in the step S3 from a washing discharge shell (46), and then performing dewatering treatment on the bottom sludge by using drying equipment, wherein the water content of the bottom sludge is controlled to be 70-85%;
s5, conveying the bottom sludge treated in the step S4 into a curing preparation barrel (51) of a bottom sludge porosity preparation mechanism (50), exposing a large amount of micro bubbles into the bottom sludge by utilizing an aeration output shell (52), heating the whole curing preparation barrel (51), controlling the temperature to be 150-300 ℃, and drying and curing the bottom sludge in the curing preparation barrel (51) to obtain porous bottom sludge;
s6, crushing the porous bottom mud prepared in the step S5 into particles of 0.1-1 mm, adding sand particles with a proportion of 10-20% of the volume of the porous bottom mud, uniformly mixing, wherein the particle size of the sand particles is 0.5-2 mm, placing the bottom mud mixed with the sand particles in a planting containing shell (31) of a biological enrichment treatment mechanism (30), and planting plants in the bottom mud to enrich heavy metals in the bottom mud;
injecting air rich in water vapor from the humidity adjusting interface (321), enabling the air rich in water vapor to permeate soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) to supplement water to the soil, injecting common air through the pressurizing and ventilating interface (322), and enabling the air to flow through the soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) to play a role in ventilation;
when the air permeability of the soil in the planting accommodating shell (31) is too poor, the pressure relief valve on the balance exhaust interface (323) can timely relieve and exhaust the injected air;
s7, exposing the substrate sludge subjected to the plant enrichment treatment to the sun for 10-15 days at the outdoor temperature of more than 25 ℃, stirring once every 2-3 hours in the exposure process, and then filtering and separating sand grains mixed in the substrate sludge by using a filter screen.
10. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated bottom mud as recited in claim 9, wherein: in the process of exposing a large number of micro bubbles into the bottom mud in the step S5, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel (51) is kept at 1.2-1.8 standard atmospheric pressures at the beginning, the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel (51) is dried and cured at the temperature of 150-300 ℃, and when the water content of the bottom mud in the curing preparation barrel (51) is reduced to 45-60 percent, the air pressure in the curing preparation barrel (51) is adjusted to be uniformly reduced within 10-30S so as to balance the external air pressure.
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