CN115447247A - 一种纳米速溶面膜的制备工艺及所得产品 - Google Patents
一种纳米速溶面膜的制备工艺及所得产品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115447247A CN115447247A CN202211082769.3A CN202211082769A CN115447247A CN 115447247 A CN115447247 A CN 115447247A CN 202211082769 A CN202211082769 A CN 202211082769A CN 115447247 A CN115447247 A CN 115447247A
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- electrostatic spinning
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种连续化制备纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺及所得产品,该生产工艺包括如下的步骤:(1)选择衬布层的表面电阻≥1010Ω的无纺布能作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;(2)配制纺丝液;(3)按如下工艺条件进行静电纺丝:a、控制纺丝液的温度为20‑40℃;b、控制局部环境的湿度范围为15‑50%;c、控制电压范围在30‑90KV;d、控制接受距离为10‑25cm;(4)静电消除;(5)烘干;(6)收卷、冲裁。本发明可以连续化、高效率、低成本地制备质量稳定的纳米速溶面膜,解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纳米速溶面膜的制备工艺及所得产品,更具体地讲,本发明涉及一种连续化制备纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺及所得产品。
背景技术
从本质上看,静电纺丝是聚合物流体静电雾化的一种特殊形式,只不过雾化所分裂出的并非微小液滴,而是聚合物的微小射流,其可以运行相当长的距离,并最终固化成纤维。因此,静电纺丝是一种特殊的纤维制造方法,其利用聚合物溶液或熔体在强电场中进行喷射纺丝。在电场的作用下,针头处的液滴会由球形变为圆锥形(即“泰勒锥”),并从圆锥尖端延展得到纤维细丝,而且这种方式可以生产出纳米级直径的聚合物细丝。
在上世纪初至上世纪80年代期间,静电纺丝技术发展较为缓慢,主要集中在静电纺丝装置的研究上。进入上世纪90年代以后,随着纳米技术的发展,静电纺丝技术获得了快速发展,各行各业都对该技术表现出了极大的兴趣。
在化妆品领域,人们利用静电纺丝技术来制备干态的、由纳米纤维形成的面膜。由于其纳米尺寸、高比表面积及高表面活性等独特性能,其自身及所承载的各种纳米颗粒极易被人体所吸收。例如:
中国专利申请201210116157.1公开了一种纳米纤维面膜纸,其包括有厚度为1~300微米的亲水型纳米纤维网,该纳米纤维直径为30~800纳米,并含有与纤维自身质量比为0.1~1:1~100的天然营养颗粒、杀菌解毒功能颗粒和美白祛斑颗粒中的一种或一种以上。该申请中将所制备的纺丝溶液在多针头静电纺丝仪中,于15-30千伏电压、0.3-1毫升/分钟、15-30厘米接收距离的条件下进行纺丝,制得直径为80~800纳米的纳米纤维组成的、厚度为10-300微米的亲水型纤维网组成的纳米纤维面膜纸。
中国专利201310366143.X公开了一种复合纳米纤维膜及其制备方法,该方法包括:(1)将聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸、再生丝素蛋白中的任一种溶于有机溶剂中,配置成质量分数为5-20%的纺丝液;(2)在上述纺丝液中加入多元酚类物质,搅拌均匀得到占多元酚类物质和有机溶剂总质量的1-7%的混合纺丝液;(3)将混合纺丝液超声波处理1-600min;(4)将混合纺丝液静电纺丝,收集,制得所需的复合纳米纤维膜。其中,静电纺丝时的工作电压为6~30kV,纺丝液的流速为0.05~0.8ml/h;静电纺丝装置固定在微量注射泵上,其毛细管内径为0.5mm-0.7mm;接收复合纳米纤维膜的接收件为铜箔或铝箔,收集时的接收距离为6~20cm。
中国专利201610157196.4公开了一种具有芯壳结构的静电纺丝纳米纤维面膜及其制备方法,制备所使用的原料为:白芨5-10份、白芍5-10份,人参5-15份、桑椹5-10份、欧锦葵5-10份、紫草根5-10份、营养素1-3份、透明质酸0.5-2份、0.5-3份胶原蛋白;制备时,将含有功能性成分的内芯纺丝液A转移至静电纺丝设备的内针管中,将壳层纺丝液B转移至静电纺丝设备得外针管中,进行纺丝,同轴电纺实验装置包括注射泵、高压电源、直流高压发生器(60kV、3mA),内芯纺丝液A从内针管以0.1mL/h的速度推出,壳层纺丝液B从外针管间的间隙以1.2mL/h的速度推出,在同轴针管与接收板之向施加20kV的电压,接收距离为15cm,环境温度为25℃,真空干燥24h,即得纳米纤维面膜。
中国专利201810053724.0公开了一种基于纳米纤维干式面膜的制备方法,包括聚乙烯醇水溶液、壳聚糖水溶液、透明质酸钠溶液以及营养液的制备;将上述制备产物混合作为纺丝液进行多针头静电纺丝,使用面膜用无纺布基材作为接收屏,最终在面膜无纺布基材上形成一层纳米纤维膜,制成复合纤维膜;在70-80℃烘干2-5分钟;分切、成形、密封包装和灭菌,即得。该专利的方法中将纺丝液进行多针头静电纺丝,采用无纺布基材作为接收屏,在无纺布基材上形成一层纳米纤维膜,制成复合纤维膜;静电纺丝的方法具体为,用0.9mm平头针,10-20kV的电压,8-15cm的距离。
中国专利201910893124.X公开了一种天然抗菌保水面膜的制备方法,该方法包括:(1)将一定量聚谷氨酸和聚赖氨酸完全溶解于5v/v%三氟乙酸溶液,搅拌均匀,得到纺丝液;(2)采用纺丝液进行静电纺丝,得到PGA/PL纳米纤维膜;(3)将PGA/PL纳米纤维膜经等离子处理器处理活化;(4)活化的纳米纤维浸泡在二十八烷醇脂酶溶液中进行负压闪爆,之后进行酯化接枝反应,离心冻干。其中,在静电纺丝工艺中,注射器规格为10ml,针头规格为平头,7号针,电压为12~20KV,距离为7~10cm,进样速率为0.3~1.0ml/h,温度为25~35℃。
中国专利申请202010389677.4公开了一种静电纺纤维蚕丝蛋白膜,其包括编织基膜、复合在编织基膜单面的静电纺膜、以及复合在编织基膜另一面的水刺无纺布;其中,静电纺膜为丝素蛋白通过静电纺丝工艺制成的非织造膜,并通过以下工艺制得:(1)蚕丝脱胶;(2)丝素蛋白溶液制备;(3)静电纺丝成膜:将编织基膜平铺放置在静电纺装置的收集板上,以丝素蛋白溶液为静电纺丝液,通过喷丝头在编织基膜表面进行喷丝成膜,电压为15kV,喷丝头和收集板之间的间距为12-15cm。
然而,上述现有技术主要针对的是静电纺纳米纤维成分的多样化及结构的精细调控,其工艺条件针对的是实验室中制备的少量纳米纤维;对于纺丝过程中特别是批量生产时工艺参数对于大量纺丝的影响,则语焉不详。实际上,静电纺丝技术的发展最后一个阶段就应是静电纺丝纤维的批量化制造问题。
因此,有必要提供一种能够批量化生产纳米纤维速溶面膜的制造工艺。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的之一在于提供一种可以连续化、高效率、低成本制备质量稳定的纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺,以解决现有技术中存在的问题。
本发明的另一发明目的提供一种利用连续化制备纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺所得到的产品。
为实现上述的发明目的,一方面,本发明提供了一种连续化制备纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺,该纳米速溶面膜包括衬布层和纳米纤维膜层,其中,纳米纤维膜层是采用静电纺丝的方法形成于衬布层之上;该生产工艺包括如下的步骤:
(1)衬布层的选择和/或处理:测试用于接收纳米纤维的衬布层的表面电阻,若其表面电阻≥1010Ω,则作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;若其表面电阻小于1010Ω,则选择其它表面电阻≥1010Ω的材料或者对其表面进行处理使其表面电阻≥1010Ω、从而能作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)纺丝液的配制:配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,且控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为15%-50%,粘度在500-4000Pas之间,并分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液温度为20-40℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为15-50%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在30-90KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为10-25cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
在本发明的上述生产工艺中,某些工艺步骤不一定是按序进行的。例如,步骤(1)和步骤(2)完全颠倒顺序或者同步进行,步骤(4)和步骤(5)也可以颠倒顺序或同步进行。当然,步骤(1)和步骤(2)一定是在步骤(3)之前进行的,而步骤(4)和步骤(5)一定是在步骤(3)之后进行的。若不考虑包装储运,步骤(6)通常是最后进行的。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(1)是十分关键的生产步骤之一,因为当衬布层的表面电阻太小时,例如小于1010Ω时,衬布会被完全吸附在上接受板上,从而使所得产品的纺丝不均匀,甚至产生褶皱。
因此,在选择衬布层的原材料时,其表面电阻或表面比电阻就是一关键参数。在本发明中,应当选择表面电阻大于1010Ω,优选为表面电阻大于1010Ω的无纺布。
在本发明的生产工艺中,所选衬布层的衬布优选为PET热轧布、PET纺粘布、PP热轧布、PP纺粘布、以及粘胶与PET混纺的热轧布。
为了确保衬布层的表面电阻≥1010Ω时,可以对所选择的衬布材料进行处理,例如可以对衬布进行干燥处理,确保其吸附的水分基本被排除。如果所选择的衬布材料的表面电阻相对比较小,可以对衬布材料的表面进行表面处理,例如进行绝缘涂层,使其表面电阻≥1010Ω。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(2)中配制纺丝液时,有效物质是指重组胶原蛋白、多糖(如出芽短梗酶多糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖等)形成纳米纤维骨架的物质以及其它的非溶剂的物质(即非水物质),这些非溶剂物质包括其它功能性成分(如淀粉水解物、透明质酸钠、麦芽寡葡萄糖苷等)、表面活性剂(存在时)、聚乙二醇(存在时)等。
在本发明的生产工艺中,为了使得所配制的纺丝液分散均匀,步骤(2)中进行配制时优选采用300-1000r/min的搅拌转速进行搅拌分散,以便得到分散均匀的混合液体。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(3)中利用静电纺丝形成纳米纤维时,优选将纺丝液的温度控制在20-40℃的范围,其原因在于,当温度太低时,不利于纳米纤维中溶剂的挥发,会影响成丝效果,纳米纤维膜在接受板上的外貌形态不清晰,而当温度太高时,容易导致纺丝不顺畅,从而导致飘丝现象,影响纺丝的均匀性。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(3)中利用静电纺丝形成纳米纤维时,优选将静电纺丝的局部环境的湿度控制在15-50%的范围,其原因在于,如果湿度太低,则溶剂(水)挥发太快,会导致纺丝过程中飘丝,纺丝不均匀;而如果湿太高时,则容易导致电压被击穿,电压升不上去,从而导致纺丝不够顺畅,且表面会存在很多没有完全牵伸的液滴,从而导致形成的纳米纤维膜有穿孔现象。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(3)中利用静电纺丝形成纳米纤维时,优选将静电纺丝的电压范围控制在30-90KV,其原因在于,当电压太低时,纺丝液很难被有效、快速地牵伸,无法形成超细纤维;而如果电压过大时,纺丝的正、负电极间容易被击穿,不能形成有效的电场,导致产品无法纺丝。现有技术中,大多将电压设定在30kv以下,实则无法用于批量化的连续生产工艺中。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(3)中利用静电纺丝形成纳米纤维时,优选将接受距离控制在10-25cm的范围,其原因在于,如果接受距离过大时,纤维被拉伸的太细,容易产生飘丝,影响产品的均匀性,而如果接受距离太小时,静电纺丝的纤维不能得到有效的牵伸,导致纤维很粗,且溶剂在纺丝过程中没有得到有效的挥发,纳米纤维膜在接受板上的外貌形态不清晰,影响产品的孔隙率,同时还会出现粗头丝的情况,外观上产品不均匀。
在本发明中,接受距离是指纺丝头到纳米纤维接受面之间的距离。
由于在静电纺丝的纺丝过程中,纺丝液是带电的,成膜后会导致纳米纤维膜同样带有静电。因此,在本发明的生产工艺中,为了消除纳米纤维膜上的静电,防止后续产品间相互吸附/排斥,在步骤(4)中需要进行静电消除:将步骤(3)所形成的纳米纤维膜经过静电消除设备,消除产品上的静电,从而达到很好的使用效果。
在本发明的生产工艺中,由于纺丝液的溶剂(或溶剂的主要成分)是水,因而整个体系中含有大量的水分,纺丝后所得的纳米纤维的水分含量同样较高。高水分含量易导致产品的微生物超标,从而使产品发生霉变。因此,在步骤(5)中需要对所得的纳米纤维膜进行烘干处理。通常将烘干温度控制在40-70℃的范围内,其原因在于,如果烘干温度太低会导致纳米纤维膜的水分没有完全挥发,导致产品发霉,而如果烘干温度太高,则会导致产品快速收缩,从而发生不规则形变,影响产品外观。
在本发明的生产工艺中,步骤(6)的收卷、冲裁是将制备的静电纺丝产品通过收卷机形成有一定长度及幅宽的布卷,以便后续冲裁过程退卷。在冲裁过程中,选定客户所需形状。
在本发明的生产工艺中,在步骤(6)收卷、冲裁之前,还可以进一步包括对静电纺丝形成的纳米纤维膜层进行覆盖的步骤,以防止纳米纤维膜层开裂或产生破洞,从而影响产品的使用效果。本发明的覆盖层需满足一下特点:1)覆盖层的材质一般为自身含水不高的材料,如聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯等;2)覆盖层的透水汽性能不能太高,否则会容易导致静电纺丝层被空气中的水气溶解,消费者在打开时看不到明显的纳米纺丝层;3)为了保护静电纺丝层不易被破坏,覆盖层自身需具有一定的强力且把静电纺丝层完全覆盖,一般情况下,强力(张力)≥10N/5cm。
当然,本发明的生产工艺还可以包括包装、储运等其它步骤,在此不再赘述。
另一方面,为了实现本发明的发明目的,本发明还提供了一种采用上述生产工艺所制备的纳米速溶面膜。由于纳米纤维的表面张力,本发明的纳米速溶面膜,在使用时只需用纯净水或喷雾等产品先润湿皮肤,然后再敷以面膜,几秒至十几秒中内纳米面膜就被完全溶解。
相对于现有技术,本发明可以连续化、高效率、低成本地制备质量稳定的纳米速溶面膜,解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
下面,结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明,但这些具体实施方式只是针对本发明某些特定的具体实施方式的说明而已,并非是对本发明的限定。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明实施例1的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图2是按照本发明实施例2的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图3是按照本发明实施例3的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图4是按照本发明实施例4的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图5是按照本发明实施例5的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图6是按照本发明实施例6的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
图7是按照对比例的条件所制备的静电纺丝膜的显微照片图;
具体实施方案
实施例1
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例1的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择PET热轧布作为衬布层,干燥处理2小时以上(控制干燥环境中湿度小于40%),确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为15%,粘度在600Pas左右,并以300r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌30分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为40℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为15%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在32KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为10cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在60-70℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图1所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
实施例2
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例2的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为20%,粘度在800Pas左右,并以500r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌45分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(2)选择PET纺粘布作为衬布层,干燥处理3小时以上(控制干燥环境中湿度小于45%),确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为35℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为20%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在40KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为15cm;
(4)烘干(去除水分):在55-65℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(5)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(6)对静电纺丝所形成的纳米纤维膜层进行覆盖;
(7)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图2所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
实施例3
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例3的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择PP热轧布作为衬布层,干燥处理4小时以上(控制干燥环境中湿度小于45%),确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为30%,粘度在1800Pas左右,并以600r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌60分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为30℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为25%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在50KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为18cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在50-60℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图3所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
实施例4
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例4的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择PP纺粘布作为衬布层,确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为35%,粘度在2500Pas左右,并以800r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌40分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为25℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为30%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在60KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为20cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在45-55℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图4所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
实施例5
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例5的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择粘胶与PET混纺的热轧布作为衬布层,干燥处理3小时以上(控制干燥环境中湿度小于45%),确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为40%,粘度在3000Pas左右,并以1000r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌30分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为20℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为35%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在70KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为22cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在40-50℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图5所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
实施例6
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备本发明实施例6的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择PET热轧布作为衬布层,干燥处理3小时以上(控制干燥环境中湿度小于45%),确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为45%,粘度在3500Pas左右,并以1000r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌50分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为20℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为40%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在80KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为25cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在40-50℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
本实施例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图6所示,可以看到所得产品纤维形态粗细均匀,且分布均匀。
对比例
按照下面的工艺条件和工艺步骤制备对比例的纳米速溶面膜:
(1)选择PP热轧布作为衬布层,确保其表面电阻≥1010Ω,作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为45%,粘度在3500Pas左右,并以1000r/min的搅拌转速继续搅拌50分钟以上,确保分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为20℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为40%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在25KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为20cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):在40-50℃的温度下,对步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
该对比例所制备的纳米纤维膜如图7所示,可以看到所得产品有粗头丝、纤维粗细不均匀,产品形态不良。
Claims (7)
1.一种连续化制备纳米速溶面膜的生产工艺,所述纳米速溶面膜包括衬布层和纳米纤维膜层,其中,所述纳米纤维膜层是采用静电纺丝的方法形成于所述衬布层之上;该生产工艺包括如下的步骤:
(1)衬布层的选择和/或处理:测试用于接收纳米纤维的衬布层的表面电阻,若其表面电阻≥1010Ω,则作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;若其表面电阻小于1010Ω,则选择其它表面电阻≥1010Ω的材料或者对其表面进行处理使其表面电阻≥1010Ω、从而能作为接收纳米纤维的接受件;
(2)纺丝液的配制:配制以水作为溶剂的纺丝液,且控制该纺丝液中有效物质含量为15%-50%,粘度在500-4000Pas之间,并分散均匀;
(3)静电纺丝:采用步骤(1)准备的衬布层,作为步骤(2)配制的纺丝液进行静电纺丝所形成纳米纤维的接受件,静电纺丝的工艺条件如下:
a、控制静电纺丝的纺丝液的温度为20-40℃;
b、控制静电纺丝局部环境的湿度范围为15-50%;
c、控制静电纺丝的电压范围在30-90KV;
d、控制静电纺丝的接受距离为10-25cm;
(4)静电消除:步骤(3)所得产品经静电消除设备消除产品上的静电,以防止之后产品间产生相互吸附/排斥;
(5)烘干(去除水分):步骤(3)所得产品烘干脱水,以防止产品发生霉变;
(6)收卷、冲裁:所得产品进行收卷,并冲裁为所需形状。
2.如权利要求1所述的生产工艺,其中,步骤(1)中所选衬布层为PET热轧布、PET纺粘布、PP热轧布、PP纺粘布、以及粘胶与PET混纺的热轧布。
3.如权利要求1所述的生产工艺,其中,步骤(1)中所选衬布层的表面处理为干燥处理。
4.如权利要求1所述的生产工艺,其中,步骤(1)中所选衬布层的表面处理为绝缘涂层处理。
5.如权利要求1所述的生产工艺,其中,步骤(5)中的烘干温度控制在40-70℃之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的生产工艺,其中,在步骤(6)收卷、冲裁之前,还进一步包括对静电纺丝形成的纳米纤维膜层进行覆盖的步骤,以防止纳米纤维膜层开裂或产生破洞。
7.一种采用如权利要求1-6之一所述生产工艺制备的纳米速溶面膜。
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