CN115433356B - 一种PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束及其合成方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束及其合成方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于磁共振成像技术领域,具体涉及一种PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束 及其合成方法和应用。
背景技术
目前,一些具有代表性的影像技术已经用于临床实践,例如磁共振成像 (MRI)、荧光成像(FI)、超声成像(UI)和X射线计算机断层扫描(CT)。这些 技术展示了自己在灵敏度、空间分辨率等方面的优势,例如高灵敏度的FI有助 于实现实时成像和监控分子水平上的各种生物事件,但是,由于光在组织中的穿 透有限和散射,它无法提供三维组织细节。相比之下,MRI能够提供高质量的三 维软组织的信息并提供高空间分辨率图像,但其灵敏度相当低。因此,不同的合 理组合模态可能是更准确的诊断解决方案并克服使用单个成像模态遇到的严重 局限性。多模态MRI/FI纳米探针在提供高分辨率组织学信息和高敏感功能成像 已经显示出突出的优势。
肿瘤微环境,即肿瘤细胞产生和生活的内环境,其中不仅包括了肿瘤细胞本 身,还有其周围的成纤维细胞、免疫和炎性细胞、胶质细胞等各种细胞,同时也 包括附近区域内的细胞间质、微血管以及浸润在其中的生物分子。肿瘤微环境的 性质研究主要有三大类:缺氧、微酸环境及某些过表达的物质。三者相辅相成, 形成一个复杂的机制网络,对肿瘤的发展产生重要作用。肿瘤组织由于代谢异常,从而导致肿瘤细胞内存在较强的还原环境。肿瘤细胞内的还原物质如谷胱甘肽 (GSH)浓度(2-10mmol/L)是细胞外GSH浓度(2-20μmol/L)的1000倍左右, 因此对GSH的高效检测具有重要的临床意义。通过磁共振和荧光方法来快速、 准确的识别过表达的GSH,对肿瘤的早发现早治疗具有重要意义。对于GSH响 应的分子探针大多集中在荧光分子上,尽管其对GSH检测灵敏度可以达到皮摩 尔量级,但是对生物体中特别是肿瘤区域的GSH浓度的检测分析目前仍是一大难点。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶 束及其合成方法和应用,该胶束可使肿瘤区域通过19F MRI或/和荧光成像的方法 进行显影成像。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束,其结构式如下:
上述PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在氮气保护下,4-三氟甲基苯肼与3-甲基-2-丁酮发生环化反应,生成 式I化合物,反应式如下:
(2)在氮气保护下,式(I)化合物和1,3-丙磺酸内酯发生开环加成反应, 生成式II化合物,反应式如下:
(3)在NaH参与下,1,4-环己二醇与3-溴丙炔发生亲核取代反应,生成式 III化合物,反应式如下:
(4)式III化合物被氯铬酸吡啶盐氧化生成式IV化合物,反应式如下:
(5)式IV化合物与三氯氧磷发生氧化反应,生成式V化合物,反应式如下:
(6)在碱性条件下,式Ⅱ化合物和式V化合物发生Knoevenagel缩合反应, 生成式VI化合物,反应式如下:
(7)mPEG-COOH在1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI)和 N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)的催化下与胱胺二盐酸盐发生酰胺缩合反应,生成式VII化合物,反应式如下:
(8)叠氮丙酸在EDCI和NHS的催化下与步骤7中制得的式VII化合物发生 酰胺缩合反应,生成式VIII化合物,反应式如下:
(9)在Cu2+催化条件下,式VI化合物和式VIII化合物发生click反应,生成 所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束,反应式如下:
进一步地,甲氧基聚乙二醇-羧基(mPEG-COOH)中mPEG的分子量为 1000-3500。
进一步地,所述的步骤(1)中Fischer吲哚合成的温度为90-100℃,时间为 10-12h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(2)中开环加成反应的温度为90-110℃,时间为24-36 h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(3)中亲核取代反应的温度为0℃,时间为3-6h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(4)中氧化反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为12-24h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(5)中维尔斯迈尔-哈克反应的温度为50-60℃,时 间为3-6h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(6)中Knoevenage缩合反应的温度为50-60℃,时 间为12-24h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(7)和(8)中酰胺缩合反应的温度为20-30℃,时 间为12-24h。
进一步地,所述的步骤(9)中click反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为12-24h。
上述PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束可用于制备肿瘤磁共振成像或/和荧光成像的 显影剂:该胶束具有被动靶向能力,通过实体瘤的高通透性和滞留效应能够在肿 瘤区域富集,且能在肿瘤过表达的标志物谷胱甘肽(GSH)的作用下双硫键被断 开,胶束链段破坏造成疏水端FCy7-SH被释放出来,新生产的化合物的19F信号 和荧光信号恢复,使得肿瘤区域通过19F MRI和荧光成像的方法进行显影成像。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点与有益效果在于:
1、该胶束属于大分子体系,可通过实体瘤的高通透性和滞留效应(EPR)具 有被动靶向能力,能够在肿瘤区域富集,且具有一个较长的血液循环时间,同时 谷胱甘肽(GSH)在肿瘤环境中过表达,而该胶束在GSH的作用下,胶束结构中 的双硫键(-S-S-)被打开,胶束链段的亲疏水结构被破坏掉,可造成疏水端的氟 化Cy7结构被释放出来,从而造成荧光信号和19F信号的OFF到ON,荧光信号 强度和19F信号强度可以分别增加8倍和40倍,通过荧光成像和19F MRI两种成 像模式进行可视化,可对肿瘤区域进行精准诊断。
2、该化合物荧光信号被激发后,其荧光激发波长在近红外区域,有效地减 少了背景荧光信号的干扰,并且具备较深的组织穿透深度,可大大提高荧光成像 的灵敏度和准确度。
3、该化合物具备较好的生物安全性,水分散性好,适合用于活体MRI,在 肿瘤的早期诊断方面具有很好的应用前景。
4、该化合物制备方法简单,原料便宜易得,合成条件相对简单,合成成本 相对较低,产率较高,适合大规模生产。
5、该胶束具备负载抗癌药物等潜力,能够进一步拓展其应用范围,实现诊 疗一体化。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的紫外-可见吸收光谱。
图2为实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在不同浓度GSH下解组装后 荧光信号变化图。
图3为实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在不同浓度GSH下解组装后 的19FNMR变化图。
图4为实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在GSH作用下的活体肿瘤的 荧光成像图。
图5为实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在GSH作用下的活体肿瘤的19F MRI变化图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1 PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法
1、4-三氟甲基苯肼的合成
1.1、称取4-氨基三氟甲苯(32.2g,0.2mol)于500mL圆底烧瓶中,接着 向圆底烧瓶中加入200mL浓盐酸(12mol/L),在室温下搅拌30min,然后将圆 底烧瓶转移到低温反应浴中(-25℃)继续搅拌10min;
1.2、称取NaNO2(16.5g,0.24mol)用90mL纯水溶解,得到NaNO2溶液, 用恒压滴液漏斗将NaNO2溶液逐滴加入到上述圆底烧瓶中,滴加完成后继续反 应1h;
1.3、称取二水合氯化亚锡(112.8g,0.5mol)用150mL浓盐酸(12mol/L) 溶解,得到氯化亚锡盐酸溶液,将氯化亚锡盐酸溶液缓慢滴加入到步骤1.2所述 的圆底烧瓶中,滴加完成后搅拌10min,转移到室温下继续反应1h;
1.4、反应结束后过滤,将滤饼依次用浓盐酸(12mol/L)、乙醚和二氯甲烷洗 涤,接着用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,所得固体物用甲醇溶解、过滤,保留滤液,将 滤液用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,最后在真空干燥箱中干燥,得到淡粉色固体产物 (38.54g,产率为90.7%);
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.63(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.5Hz,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ148.16,126.31,124.60,120.29,113.66;
19F NMR(471MHz,CD3OD)δ-63.25(s)。
2、式(I)化合物的合成
称取步骤1制得的淡粉色固体产物(17.7g,0.1mol)和3-甲基-2-丁酮(26.0 g,0.3mol)于250mL圆底烧瓶中,向圆底烧瓶中加入150mL甲醇和3mL浓盐 酸,在氮气保护下加热到90℃回流并在90℃下反应10h,反应结束后冷却至室 温,将反应液用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,再向圆底烧瓶中加入CH2Cl2萃取,分液并 保留有机相,将有机相用2mol/L的NaOH水溶液洗涤多次直至pH为中性,分 液并保留有机相,将有机相进行减压蒸馏,残留物用柱层析提纯(洗脱剂:乙酸 乙酯:正己烷=1:10,v/v),得到红色油状物(18.6g,产率为81.9%);反应式如 下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63(s,2H),7.54(s,1H),7.28(s,1H),1.36(s,4H), 1.28(s,3H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ191.24,156.28,146.10,128.43,126.48,125.49,123.49,119.97,118.45,54.07,29.71,22.79,15.63,14.13;
19F NMR(471MHz,CDCl3)δ-61.34(s)。
3、式(II)化合物的合成
称取步骤2制得的红色油状物(15.0g,70mmol)和1,3-丙磺酸内酯(21.3 g,180mmol)于250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入1,2-二氯苯100mL,在氮气保护下加 热到110℃并在110℃下反应过夜,反应结束后冷却至室温,用CH2Cl2/H2O萃取, 分液并保留水相,再用CH2Cl2洗涤3次,将所得的液体物减压除去溶剂,残留物 用柱层析提纯(洗脱剂:CH3OH:CH2Cl2=1:6,v/v),得到粉色固体(1.2g,产率 为48.4%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.30–8.15(m,1H),8.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.87(s, 2H),4.84–4.67(m,1H),3.37(s,1H),3.12–2.96(m,1H),2.51–2.34(m,1H),1.69(s, 3H),1.35(t,J=27.7Hz,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ200.43,144.01,143.00,131.53,126.75,124.81,122.65,120.65,116.30,55.18,23.06,21.10;
19F NMR(471MHz,CD3OD)δ-63.53(s)。
4、式(III)化合物的合成
4.1称取NaH(质量分数60%,30.0g,0.75mol)于500mL圆底烧瓶中,加 入200mL无水DMF分散,冰水浴搅拌;称取1,4-环己二醇(58.0g,0.5mol) 溶解在100mL无水DMF中,随后用恒压滴液漏斗缓慢加入到上述反应液中,滴加完成后继续反应3h;
4.2取3-溴丙炔(50mL)溶解在50mL无水甲苯中,随后用恒压滴液漏斗逐 滴加入到上述反应液中,待滴加完全后缓慢升至室温并在室温条件下反应过夜;
4.3反应结束后向反应液中滴加超纯水终止反应,直至无气泡产生;先用旋 转蒸发仪除去溶剂,再向圆底烧瓶中加入300mL CH2Cl2溶解、过滤,保留滤液, 并将滤液用旋转蒸发仪浓缩,残留物用柱层析提纯(洗脱剂:乙酸乙酯:正己烷 =1:1,v/v),得到白色固体(22.4g,产率为29.1%);
上述过程的反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.16(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),3.73(dd,J=7.8,3.7Hz,1H),3.69–3.57(m,1H),2.40(dd,J=6.0,3.5Hz,1H),2.03(s,1H),1.95–1.76(m,1H), 1.66(dd,J=7.5,4.0Hz,1H),1.57(s,1H),1.34(s,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ80.38,78.54,76.10,75.79,73.86,69.39,68.15,55.17,32.46,28.97,27.19。
5、式(IV)化合物的合成
称取氯铬酸吡啶盐(PCC,21.5g,100mmol)加入到250mL圆底烧瓶中, 加入CH2Cl2150mL,室温搅拌;称取步骤4中制得的白色固体(14.0g,90mmol) 用30mL CH2Cl2溶解并用恒压滴液漏斗缓慢滴加到上述反应液中,室温反应过夜; 待反应结束后过滤,滤液用CH2Cl2/H2O萃取,分液并保留有机相,再用纯水洗涤 3次,将所得的液体物减压除去溶剂,残留物用柱层析提纯(洗脱剂:乙酸乙酯: 正己烷=1:15,v/v),得到淡黄色油状物(12.9g,产率为93.7%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.23(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),3.95(s,1H),2.56(s,1H), 2.45(t,J=2.4Hz,1H),2.26(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.09(dd,J=13.3,5.9Hz,1H),2.01– 1.86(m,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ210.84,79.88,78.54,75.89,74.34,72.05,55.68,30.28。
6、式(V)化合物的合成
取15mL无水DMF于100mL圆底烧瓶中,将圆底烧瓶置于冰水浴中,向圆 底烧瓶中缓慢加入POCl3(15mL,160mmol)并搅拌30min,用注射器向圆底 烧瓶中加入步骤5中制得的淡黄色油状物(7.4g,48.6mmol),在60℃下加热反 应3h,反应结束后冷却至室温,将圆底烧瓶中的混合液倒入300g冰中,静置过夜,过滤,将滤饼先用纯水洗涤再用二氯甲烷洗涤多次,再将所得固体物用真 空干燥箱干燥,得到亮黄色固体(4.1g,产率为37.4%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.12(s,1H),7.36(s,1H),4.14(d,J=2.4Hz, 2H),3.91(s,4H),3.41(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),2.60–2.55(m,2H),2.51(dt,J=3.7,1.8Hz,1H),2.42(dd,J=17.0,5.8Hz,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.00,154.97,148.91,145.31,127.01,125.60,111.51,110.64,102.94,79.40,74.24,70.71,54.64,28.57。
7、式(VI)化合物的合成
称取步骤3制得的粉色固体(5.2g,15mmol)、步骤6制得的亮黄色固体(1.7 g,7.5mmol,)和无水乙酸钠(0.62g,7.5mmol)于100mL圆底烧瓶中,向圆 底烧瓶中加入60mL乙酸酐,加热到60℃反应过夜,反应结束后反应液用乙醚进行沉淀、过滤,将滤饼用CH2Cl2洗涤,将所得固体物用柱层析提纯(洗脱剂: CH3OH:CH2Cl2=1:4,v/v),得到深绿色带金属光泽固体(3.4g,产率为51.1%); 反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.35(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.77(dd,J =22.4,8.2Hz,2H),6.67(d,J=14.0Hz,1H),4.48(s,2H),4.37(s,1H),4.08(s,1H), 3.59(s,1H),3.44(s,1H),3.17(s,1H),3.02(d,J=13.7Hz,1H),2.91(s,1H),2.64(t,J= 5.8Hz,2H),2.51(s,1H),2.08(s,2H),1.73(d,J=4.4Hz,6H);
13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.82,148.96,145.54,142.50,128.14,126.82,125.98,125.42,123.82,121.66,120.28,112.50,103.53,81.46,77.51,70.45,55.85,49.62,49.06,48.09,43.58,31.41,27.74,23.85;
19F NMR(471MHz,DMSO-d6)δ-59.68(s)。
8、式(VII)化合物的合成
称取甲氧基聚乙二醇-羧基(mPEG-COOH,900mg,Mw=2000)于50mL圆 底烧瓶中,向圆底烧瓶中加入15mL无水DMSO,再加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS, 324mg,2.8mmol)和1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI,116.5 mg,0.6mmol)避光反应1h。称取胱胺二盐酸盐(710mg,3.1mmol)和吡啶 (0.5mL)用5mL无水DMSO溶解,逐滴加入到上述反应液中,室温反应24h; 反应结束后加入20mL纯水,用截留分子量Mw=1000的透析袋透析24h(分别 在第2、6、12h换水);透析完成后收集透析袋中的液体进行冻干,得到白色固 体粉末(712.2mg,产率为74.1%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ4.27–4.20(m,1H),3.82(s,1H),3.70–3.61(m, 88H),3.38(s,1H),3.03(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),2.90(t,J=6.7Hz,1H),2.67(t,J=6.7Hz, 1H),2.60(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),2.53(d,J=6.8Hz,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ173.09,71.59,70.09,68.73,63.33,61.49,60.45,57.72,31.71,27.95。
9、式(VIII)化合物的合成
称取叠氮丙酸(22mg,0.19mmol)于25mL圆底烧瓶中,向圆底烧瓶中加 入5mL无水DMSO,再加入NHS(230mg,2.0mmol)和EDCI(58mg,0.3mmol) 搅拌直至溶液澄清,避光反应1h;称取步骤8中制得的白色固体粉末(550mg) 和吡啶(0.5mL)用5mL无水DMSO溶解,逐滴加入到上述反应液中,室温反 应24h;反应结束后加入20mL纯水,用截留分子量Mw=1000的透析袋透析24 h(分别在第2、6、12h换水);透析完成后收集透析袋中的液体进行冻干,得 到白色固体粉末(487.1mg,产率为84.6%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ4.28–4.20(m,1H),3.93(s,1H),3.83–3.77(m, 1H),3.71(s,1H),3.69–3.59(m,70H),3.59–3.53(m,2H),3.54–3.48(m,1H),3.38 (s,1H),2.91–2.82(m,1H),2.62(ddd,J=11.4,10.0,4.0Hz,2H),2.53(t,J=7.0Hz, 1H),2.18(s,1H),1.20(t,J=7.1Hz,1H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ172.83,71.59,70.20,68.69,63.48,57.72,51.54,38.30,36.99,30.04,28.88。
10、式(IX)化合物的合成
称取步骤9中制得的白色固体(470mg)和CuSO4 .5H2O(7mg,0.028mmol) 于50mL圆底烧瓶中,向圆底烧瓶中加入5mL纯水和5mL叔丁醇,搅拌直至溶 液澄清后加入步骤7中制得的深绿色固体(210mg,0.24mmol)和抗坏血酸钠(80mg,0.24mmol),室温反应过夜;反应结束后加入20mL纯水,用截留分 子量Mw=5000的透析袋透析48h(分别在第4、8、16h、24h、36h换水);透 析完成后收集透析袋中的液体进行冻干,得到淡绿色固体粉末(360mg,产率为52.9%);反应式如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.56(s,1H),8.35(d,J=13.8Hz,3H),8.07(s, 5H),7.80(d,J=8.2Hz,3H),7.73(d,J=8.3Hz,3H),6.71(d,J=13.8Hz,2H),5.14(s,2H),4.48(s,6H),4.19–4.05(m,10H),3.51(s,819H),3.33(s,81H),3.24(s,15H), 2.76(dd,J=16.3,10.4Hz,10H),2.64(s,9H),2.35(d,J=5.0Hz,5H),2.07(s,6H), 1.73(d,J=5.3Hz,20H);
19F NMR(471MHz,DMSO-d6)δ-59.63(s)。
将上述制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为PEG-SS-FCy7)进行紫外- 可见吸收光谱分析。将PEG-SS-FCy7配制成稀的水溶液(10μg/mL,PBS做溶剂), 移取0.6mL于微量比色皿中进行紫外-可见光光谱测试,所得的紫外-可见吸收光 谱如图1所示,由图1可知,实施例1制备的PEG-SS-FCy7有2个吸收峰,一个 是775nm,另一个是870nm为最大吸收峰。
实施例2 PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在不同浓度GSH下解组装后的荧光试验
试验方法:称取1mg实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为 PEG-SS-FCy7)溶解在50mL PBS中,配制成50mL 20μg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液。 称取1.28mg GSH固体粉末溶解在10mL PBS中,配制成10mL 400μM溶液,然 后逐步稀释配制成200、150、120、100、80、60、40、20、15、10、5、0μM 溶液各1mL,随后各加入1mL 20μg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液。室温下反应1h后测 反应液的荧光发射谱,激发波长设置为775nm。
试验结果:实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在GSH作用下,其荧 光强度随GSH浓度的变化如图2所示,在低浓度GSH条件下胶束体系的荧光信 号强度没有太大的变化,但当浓度超过20μM时,胶束体系开始发生解组装, 荧光信号开始增强,GSH浓度为100μM时,胶束体系发生完全解组装,此时荧 光信号相较于未加入GSH(0μM)增强了8倍。
实施例3 PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在不同浓度GSH下解组装后的19F NMR试验
试验方法:称取20mg实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为 PEG-SS-FCy7)溶解在20mL PBS中,配制成20mL 1mg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液。称 取24.5mg GSH固体粉末溶解在10mL PBS中,配制成10mL 8mM溶液,然后逐 步稀释配制成4、3、2.4、2.0、1.6、1.2、0.8、0.4、0.3、0.2、0.1、0mM溶液各1mL,随后各加入1mL 1mg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液。室温下反应1h后测其19F 谱变化。
试验结果:实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在GSH作用下,其19F 谱随GSH浓度的变化如图3所示,随着加入的GSH浓度逐渐增大,胶束体系开 始解组装,当GSH浓度为2mM时胶束体系发生完全解组装,可在-61.7ppm处 检测到19F信号的生成,此时19F信号由OFF转为ON,19F信号增强了约40倍。 实施例4PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在肿瘤过表达标志物GSH作用下的活体荧光成 像试验
试验方法:称取1mg实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为 PEG-SS-FCy7)溶解于10mL PBS中,配制10mL 100μg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液,通 过尾静脉注射的方式在转移瘤模型老鼠(裸鼠的右后腿皮下注射A549细胞,2-3 周后肿瘤成型)中注射100μL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液,利用视觉相机分别在不同时间 点对转移瘤模型老鼠肿瘤部位拍照,测其肿瘤部位的荧光强度的变化。
试验结果:实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为PEG-SS-FCy7) 在肿瘤区域的GSH作用下,转移瘤模型老鼠肿瘤部位的荧光强度变化如图4所 示,PEG-SS-FCy7在初始时刻(5min)已通过血液循环传遍裸鼠全身,直到24h 时肿瘤区域开始富集造影剂,荧光增加,但其他区域的背景信号也很强,直至 48h后肿瘤区域的荧光对比效果最佳。
实施例5 PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在肿瘤过表达的标志物GSH作用下的活体19F MRI试验
试验方法:称取10mg实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束(标记为PEG-SS-FCy7)溶解于1mL PBS中,配制1mL 10mg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液,将荷 瘤老鼠(约5×106个A549细胞(约100μL)注射进小鼠的右后腿皮下,2-3周后 形成转移瘤)用异氟烷麻醉,将100μLμg/mL PEG-SS-FCy7溶液原位注射进小鼠 的肿瘤区域,然后通过9.4T核磁成像仪检测目标产物FCy7-SH的信号,期间保 持异氟烷麻醉。
试验结果:实施例1制备的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束在肿瘤区域的GSH作用 下,在1h左右的反应时间里,胶束体系被破坏,疏水端的FCy7-SH被释放,19F 信号由OFF到ON,可在-61.7ppm处检测到该信号的生成。如图5所示,19F MRI 信号区域与肿瘤区域高度重合,说明PEG-SS-FCy7能够在活体内实现对肿瘤区域 中的GSH的识别。
Claims (11)
2.权利要求1所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
(1)在氮气保护下,4-三氟甲基苯肼与3-甲基-2-丁酮发生环化反应,生成式I化合物,反应式如下:
(2)在氮气保护下,式I化合物和1,3-丙磺酸内酯发生亲和加成反应,生成式II化合物,反应式如下:
(3)1,4-环己二醇与3-溴丙炔发生亲核取代反应,生成式III化合物,反应式如下:
(4)式III化合物被氯铬酸吡啶盐氧化生成式IV化合物,反应式如下:
(5)式IV化合物与三氯氧磷发生氧化反应,生成式V化合物,反应式如下:
(6)在碱性条件下,式II化合物和式V化合物发生Knoevenagel缩合反应,生成式VI化合物,反应式如下:
(7)甲氧基聚乙二醇-羧基在1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的催化下与胱胺二盐酸盐发生酰胺缩合反应,生成式VII化合物,反应式如下:
(8)叠氮丙酸在1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的催化下与步骤7中制得的式VII化合物发生酰胺缩合反应,生成式VIII化合物,反应式如下:
(9)在Cu2+催化条件下,式VI化合物和式VIII化合物发生click反应,生成PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束,反应式如下:
3.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(1)中Fischer吲哚合成的温度为90-100℃,时间为10-12h。
4.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(2)中开环加成反应的温度为90-110℃,时间为24-36h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(3)中亲核取代反应的温度为0℃,时间为3-6h。
6.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(4)中氧化反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为12-24h。
7.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(5)中维尔斯迈尔-哈克反应的温度为50-60℃,时间为3-6h。
8.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(6)中Knoevenage缩合反应的温度为50-60℃,时间为12-24h。
9.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(7)和(8)中酰胺缩合反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为12-24h。
10.根据权利要求2所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(9)中click反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为12-24h。
11.权利要求1所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束的应用,其特征在于:所述的PEG修饰的氟化Cy7胶束用于制备肿瘤磁共振成像或/和荧光成像的显影剂。
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