CN115431748A - 一种双电机混合动力变速箱、混合动力传动系统和车辆 - Google Patents

一种双电机混合动力变速箱、混合动力传动系统和车辆 Download PDF

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CN115431748A
CN115431748A CN202110619935.8A CN202110619935A CN115431748A CN 115431748 A CN115431748 A CN 115431748A CN 202110619935 A CN202110619935 A CN 202110619935A CN 115431748 A CN115431748 A CN 115431748A
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output shaft
motor
shaft
gear pair
gear
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陈功
黄欢
凤均军
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking

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Abstract

本发明公开一种双电机混合动力变速箱，包括输入轴(1)和输出轴(2)，所述输入轴(1)依次通过发电机(3)的转子、离合器(4)与发动机(5)固定连接，并且通过多级齿轮副与所述输出轴(2)传动连接，所述输入轴(1)能够通过任一所述齿轮副驱动所述输出轴(2)；还包括电机轴(6)和驱动电机(7)，所述电机轴(6)一端与所述驱动电机(7)的转子固定连接，并通过电驱动齿轮副(8)与所述输出轴(2)传动连接。本发明还提供一种混合动力传动系统和车辆。本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，能够克服内燃机动力驱动变速箱的缺点，实现合理的动力传递和变速功能，且结构简单，成本较低。

Description

一种双电机混合动力变速箱、混合动力传动系统和车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力技术领域，具体涉及一种双电机混合动力变速箱、混合动力传动系统和车辆。
背景技术
现有技术内燃机动力驱动系统存在低速时油耗过高，换挡顿挫，动力中断等缺点；同时，能源和环境问题也给汽车研发提出了新的挑战，驱动系统电动化已经成为汽车动力系统发展的新趋势，由于，目前纯电动汽车仍然受制于电池技术的发展，因此，结合内燃机汽车和纯电动汽车两者优点的混合动力系统成为汽车工业发展的重要方向之一，而混合动力变速箱，如何克服内燃机动力驱动变速箱的缺点，实现合理的动力传递和变速功能，且结构简单，成本较低，仍是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种双电机混合动力变速箱，克服内燃机动力驱动变速箱的缺点，实现合理的动力传递和变速功能，且结构简单，成本较低。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种双电机混合动力变速箱，包括输入轴和输出轴，所述输入轴一端通过发电机的转子、离合器与发动机固定连接，并且通过多级齿轮副与所述输出轴传动连接，所述输入轴能够通过任一所述齿轮副驱动所述输出轴；
还包括电机轴和驱动电机，所述电机轴一端与所述驱动电机的转子固定连接，并通过电驱动齿轮副与所述输出轴传动连接。
本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，采用P2+P3的结构，P2即发电机的转子与发动机输出轴连接，实现扭矩耦合，P3即驱动电机转子与电机轴固连，电机轴与输出轴通过电驱档齿轮常啮合，对外输出动力。本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
首先，驱动电机可以单独驱动车辆，在车辆起动时获得良好的加速性能；驱动电机与发电机可以以扭矩耦合的方式联合驱动，在中低车速时，使整车获得较好的动力性能，并且保持持续的动力输出，解决传统机械式手动变速箱在换挡时出现动力中断的问题，改善车辆的驾驶质量；驱动电机7反转，可以实现倒挡模式，在机械结构上更为简单；在车辆制动滑行时，还可以将制动或滑行能量转化为电能存储在电池系统中，实现能量回收，传动效率高；同时，驱动电机设置于电机轴，并与输出轴传动连接，这种纵置的布置方式，使得系统横向尺寸缩小，更利于空间布置，满足纵置传动系统的混合动力车辆的使用需求。
其次，发电机与发动机输出轴连接，可以代替启动电机，直接将动力传递至发动机的飞轮，从而启动发动机；同时，实现怠速充电和行车充电功能；在串联工作模式下，即发动机不直接驱动车辆，只通过发电机将热能转换为电能，驱动电机为车辆提供动力，实现车速和发动机转速的解耦，使发动机工作在最高效率的工作区间，获得良好的燃油经济性能。
综上所述，本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，克服了传统内燃机动力驱动变速箱的缺陷，实现合理的动力传递和变速功能，且结构简单，成本较低。
可选地，还包括中间轴，所述输入轴和所述中间轴通过第一齿轮副常啮合，所述中间轴和所述输出轴通过多组第二齿轮副啮合，所述输入轴能够直接驱动所述输出轴，或通过任一所述第二齿轮副驱动所述输出轴。
可选地，所述输入轴和所述输出轴同轴设置，还包括设置于所述输出轴或所述输入轴的半边同步器，用于与所述输入轴或所述输出轴结合，以使所述输入轴和所述输出轴同步转动。
可选地，所述中间轴沿轴向固定有多个主动齿轮，所述输出轴在对应位置可相对转动地设置有多个从动齿轮，对应位置的所述主动齿轮和所述从动齿轮啮合，并形成所述第二齿轮副，所述输出轴在相邻两个所述从动齿轮之间还间隔设置有同步器，所述同步器能够沿轴向移动，并与任一侧的所述从动齿轮结合，以使所述从动齿轮和所述输出轴同步转动。
可选地，所述第二齿轮副包括高速挡齿轮副和低速挡齿轮副，所述高速挡齿轮副的传动比为0.806，所述低速挡齿轮副的传动比为1.231，所述第一齿轮副的传动比为1，所述电驱动齿轮副的传动比为3.417。
可选地，所述输出轴还固定有驻车齿轮。
本发明还提供一种混合动力传动系统，包括依次连接的发动机、离合器和前述双电机混合动力变速箱。
本发明混合动力传动系统，包括前述双电机混合动力变速箱，因此，具有与前述双电机混合动力变速箱相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种车辆，包括前述混合动力传动系统。
本发明车辆包括前述混合动力传动系统，因此，具有与前述混合动力传动系统相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供混合动力传动系统一种具体实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1混合动力传动系统在驱动电机单独驱动模式下的动力传递路径图；
图3为图1混合动力传动系统在双电机联合驱动模式下的动力传递路径图；
图4为图1混合动力传动系统在发动机单独驱动模式下的动力传递路径图；
图5为图1混合动力传动系统在混合动力驱动模式下的动力传递路径图；
图6为图1混合动力传动系统在串联模式下的动力传递路径图；
图7为图1混合动力传动系统在双电机联合驱动模式下的动力传递路径图；
图8为图1混合动力传动系统在发动机启动时的动力传递路径图；
图9为图1混合动力传动系统在怠速充电模式下的动力传递路径图；
其中，图1至图9的附图标记说明如下：
1-输入轴；2-输出轴；3-发电机；4-离合器；5-发动机；6-电机轴；7-驱动电机；8-电驱动齿轮副；9-中间轴；10-第一齿轮副；11-半边同步器；12-同步器；13-高速挡齿轮副；14-低速挡齿轮副；15-驻车齿轮。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本文中所述“第一”、“第二”等词，仅是为了便于描述结构和/或功能相同或者相类似的两个以上的结构或者部件，并不表示对于顺序和/或重要性的某种特殊限定。
请参考图1，图1为本发明所提供混合动力传动系统一种具体实施例的结构示意图。
本发明提供一种双电机混合动力变速箱，包括输入轴1和输出轴2，输入轴1一端通过发电机3的转子、离合器4与发动机5固定连接，并且通过多级齿轮副与输出轴2传动连接，输入轴1能够通过任一齿轮副驱动输出轴2；
还包括电机轴6和驱动电机7，电机轴6一端与驱动电机7的转子固定连接，并通过电驱动齿轮副8与输出轴2传动连接。
本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，采用P2+P3的结构，P2即发电机3的转子与发动机5输出轴连接，实现扭矩耦合，P3即驱动电机7转子与电机轴6固连，电机轴6与输出轴2通过电驱档齿轮常啮合，对外输出动力。本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
首先，驱动电机7可以单独驱动车辆，在车辆起动时获得良好的加速性能；驱动电机7与发电机3可以以扭矩耦合的方式联合驱动，在中低车速时，使整车获得较好的动力性能，并且保持持续的动力输出，解决传统机械式手动变速箱在换挡时出现动力中断的问题，改善车辆的驾驶质量；驱动电机7反转，可以实现倒挡模式，在机械结构上更为简单；在车辆制动滑行时，还可以将制动或滑行能量转化为电能存储在电池系统中，实现能量回收，传动效率高；同时，驱动电机7设置于电机轴6，并与输出轴2传动连接，这种纵置的布置方式，使得系统横向尺寸缩小，更利于空间布置，满足纵置传动系统的混合动力车辆的使用需求。
其次，发电机3与发动机5输出轴连接，可以代替启动电机，直接将动力传递至发动机5的飞轮，从而启动发动机5；同时，实现怠速充电和行车充电功能；在串联工作模式下，即发动机5不直接驱动车辆，只通过发电机3将热能转换为电能，驱动电机7为车辆提供动力，实现车速和发动机转速的解耦，使发动机5工作在最高效率的工作区间，获得良好的燃油经济性能。
综上所述，本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，克服了传统内燃机动力驱动变速箱的缺陷，实现合理的动力传递和变速功能，且结构简单，成本较低。
请继续参考图1，本实施例中，变速箱为三轴式变速箱，即还包括中间轴9，输入轴1和中间轴9通过第一齿轮副10啮合，中间轴9和输出轴2通过多组第二齿轮副啮合，输入轴1能够直接驱动输出轴2，或通过第一齿轮副10和任一第二齿轮副驱动输出轴2。
具体地，中间轴9沿轴向固定有多个主动齿轮，输出轴2在对应位置可相对转动地设置有多个从动齿轮，对应位置的主动齿轮和从动齿轮啮合，并形成第二齿轮副，输出轴2在相邻两个从动齿轮之间还间隔设置有同步器12，同步器12能够沿轴向移动，并与任一侧的从动齿轮结合，以使从动齿轮和输出轴2同步转动。
输入轴1和输出轴2同轴设置，还包括设置于输出轴2或输入轴1的半边同步器12，用于与输入轴1或输出轴2结合，以使输入轴1和输出轴2同步转动。
第一齿轮副10即为直接档齿轮副，当输入轴1和输出轴2通过半边同步器11结合时，动力可直接从输入轴1连接到输出轴2上，传动比为1，发动机在高转速下单独驱动时，通过第一齿轮副10传动，传动效率高。
本实施例中，第二齿轮副包括高速挡齿轮副13和低速挡齿轮副14，当半边同步器11脱离，同时，高速档从动齿轮通过同步器12与输出轴2固定时，动力从高速挡从动齿轮传递到输出轴2，传动比为0.806；低速档从动齿轮通过同步器12与输出轴2固定时，动力从低速挡从动齿轮传递到输出轴2，传动比为1.231。
驱动电机7工作时，动力从电机轴6经电驱动齿轮副8传递至输出轴2，传动比为3.417。
此外，本实施例中，输出轴2还固定有驻车齿轮15。
本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，可以实现以下几种工作模式：
(1)驱动电机单独驱动
如图2所示，驱动电机7通过电驱档齿轮副8单独驱动车辆，使整车获得较好的加速性能，动力传递路径为：驱动电机7—电机轴6—电驱档齿轮副8—输出轴2。驱动电机7单独驱动模式，适用车辆起步和中低车速的行驶，当驱动电机7反转时，可以实现倒挡模式，在机械结构上更为简单。
(2)双电机联合驱动
双电机联合驱动，即发电机3和驱动电机7同时输出动力，如图3所示，半边同步器11向右拨动，动力传递路径为：发电机3—输入轴1—半边同步器11—输出轴2；驱动电机7—电机轴6—电驱档齿轮副8—输出轴2。双电机通过并联模式，以扭矩耦合的方式，进行联合驱动，一般应用在中低车速的工况，可以使整车获得较好的动力性能。
定义驱动电机7的转速为N1，扭矩为T1，发电机3的转速为N2，扭矩为T2，输出转速为N，扭矩为T，K1和K2为耦合系数，由齿轮参数及连接方式可知：K1＝3.417，K2＝1。
则输出转速和扭矩为：N＝N1/K1＝N2/K2；T＝K1T1+K2T2。
(3)发动机单独驱动
发动机5单独驱动时，通过离合器4接合，发动机5动力输出到输入轴1上，再通过控制半边同步器11和同步器12，就可以实现直接档、低速档和高速档三个档位。
发动机5单独驱动时，直接档位下动力的传递路径：发动机5—离合器4—半边同步器11—输出轴2，传动比为1。
如图4所示，发动机5单独驱动时，高速档位下动力的传递路径：发动机5—离合器4—第一齿轮副10—中间轴9—高速挡齿轮副13—输出轴2，传动比为0.806。
发动机5单独驱动时，低速档位下动力的传递路径：发动机5—离合器4—第一齿轮副10—中间轴9—低速挡齿轮副14—输出轴2，传动比为1.231。
(4)混合动力驱动
如图5所示，混合动力驱动，即发动机5和驱动电机7同时提供动力，发动机驱动在高速挡、驱动电机7参与工作下动力传递路径为：发动机5—离合器4—第一齿轮副10—中间轴9—高速挡齿轮副13—输出轴2；驱动电机7—电机轴6—电驱档齿轮副8—输出轴2。
在电池电量充足的情况下，发电机3也可以参与工作，三个动力源同时提供动力，此时仍通过并联模式，以扭矩耦合的方式对外输出扭矩。
定义发动机5输出的转速为N3，扭矩为T3，K3为发动机5参与耦合的系数；
由齿轮参数及连接方式可知，K1＝3.417，K2＝K3＝0.806；
则输出转速N＝N1/K1＝N2/K2＝N3/K3；输出扭矩T＝K1T1+K2T2+K3T3，
此种情况下，可以使输出扭矩达到最大。
此外，传统自动机械式手动变速箱在进行换挡操作时，离合器4分离，此时发动机5至变速箱输入轴1的动力中断，驾驶质量下降；而本发明双电机混合动力变速箱，可实现变速箱换挡时动力的持续输出，变速箱在档位切换时，电机控制器可以根据变速箱换挡前后车辆的行驶速度，计算车辆的扭矩和转速需求，控制驱动电机7输出动力，避免换挡时的动力中断。如，变速箱由高速档切换至直接档时，离合器4分离，发动机5输出的动力被切断，此时驱动电机7通过电驱齿轮副8输出动力，待换挡完成，发动机5继续输出动力，驱动电机7可根据整车工况需求决定是否输出动力。
(5)串联模式
如图6所示，串联模式即发动机5不直接驱动车辆，只通过发电机3将热能转换为电能，同时驱动电机7工作，为车辆提供动力。
此种模式下，不需要同步器的闭合，而且还可以实现发动机5转速和车速的解耦，使发动机5工作在最经济最高效的工作区域。
(6)发动机启动
传统车辆启动需通过启动电机带动发动机5飞轮转动实现，而本发明中的发电机3可以取代启动电机，实现发动机5的启动。如图7所示，车辆起动时，可以使离合器4闭合，发电机3工作，将输入轴1动力传递至离合器4，离合器4带动发动机5的飞轮转动，实现发动机5的启动。
(7)怠速充电
在电池电量不足的情况下，发电机3还可以实现怠速充电功能。如图8所示，此时只需要闭合离合器4，两个同步器同时脱开，发动机5输出的动力通过发电机3，将机械能转换为电能，存储在电池系统中。
此外，除了怠速充电，在电池电量严重不足的情况下，发电机3还可以在行驶中充电，发动机5输出的功率一部分以机械路径传递并驱动车辆，另一部分功率通过发电机3转换为电能，存储在电池系统中，两者的功率比例根据行驶路况进行调节。
(8)制动能量回收
如图9所示，当车辆制动或滑行时，驱动电机7以充电模式工作，将制动或滑行能量转化为电能存储在电池系统中，实现制动能量回收，提高了整车的燃油经济性。
本发明还提供一种混合动力传动系统，包括依次连接的发动机、离合器和前述双电机混合动力变速箱。
本发明混合动力传动系统，包括前述双电机混合动力变速箱，因此，具有与前述双电机混合动力变速箱相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种车辆，包括前述混合动力传动系统。
本发明车辆包括前述混合动力传动系统，因此，具有与前述混合动力传动系统相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
以上对本发明所提供的一种双电机混合动力变速箱、混合动力传动系统和车辆进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，包括输入轴(1)和输出轴(2)，所述输入轴(1)一端通过发电机(3)的转子、离合器(4)与发动机(5)固定连接，并且通过多级齿轮副与所述输出轴(2)传动连接，所述输入轴(1)能够通过任一所述齿轮副驱动所述输出轴(2)；
还包括电机轴(6)和驱动电机(7)，所述电机轴(6)一端与所述驱动电机(7)的转子固定连接，并通过电驱动齿轮副(8)与所述输出轴(2)传动连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，还包括中间轴(9)，所述输入轴(1)和所述中间轴(9)通过第一齿轮副(10)啮合，所述中间轴(9)和所述输出轴(2)通过多组第二齿轮副啮合，所述输入轴(1)能够直接驱动所述输出轴(2)，或通过任一所述第二齿轮副驱动所述输出轴(2)。
3.根据权利要求2所述双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，所述输入轴(1)和所述输出轴(2)同轴设置，还包括设置于所述输出轴(2)或所述输入轴(1)的半边同步器(11)，用于与所述输入轴(1)或所述输出轴(2)结合，以使所述输入轴(1)和所述输出轴(2)同步转动。
4.根据权利要求2所述双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，所述中间轴(9)沿轴向固定有多个主动齿轮，所述输出轴(2)在对应位置可相对转动地设置有多个从动齿轮，对应位置的所述主动齿轮和所述从动齿轮啮合，并形成所述第二齿轮副，所述输出轴(2)在相邻两个所述从动齿轮之间还间隔设置有同步器(12)，所述同步器(12)能够沿轴向移动，并与任一侧的所述从动齿轮结合，以使所述从动齿轮和所述输出轴(2)同步转动。
5.根据权利要求4所述双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，所述第二齿轮副包括高速挡齿轮副(13)和低速挡齿轮副(14)，所述高速挡齿轮副(13)的传动比为0.806，所述低速挡齿轮副(14)的传动比为1.231，所述第一齿轮副(10)的传动比为1，所述电驱动齿轮副(8)的传动比为3.417。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述双电机混合动力变速箱，其特征在于，所述输出轴(2)还固定有驻车齿轮(15)。
7.一种混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，包括依次连接的发动机(5)、离合器(4)和权利要求1-6任一项所述双电机混合动力变速箱。
8.一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求7所述混合动力传动系统。
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