CN115420161B - Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method - Google Patents
Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115420161B CN115420161B CN202211041653.5A CN202211041653A CN115420161B CN 115420161 B CN115420161 B CN 115420161B CN 202211041653 A CN202211041653 A CN 202211041653A CN 115420161 B CN115420161 B CN 115420161B
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- stress release
- stress
- hole
- tunnel
- rock
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating rock burst of a basement; before the underground chamber is excavated, a stress release hole is radially arranged on the chamber wall at the position 1m behind the face, the stress release holes are respectively arranged at the position 45 DEG and 60 DEG in front of the intersection angle of the chamber wall and the excavated surface, the hole bottom is positioned at the radial direction 3m of the tunnel, 3 holes are respectively arranged at each position in the horizontal direction, 45 DEG downwards and 45 DEG upwards, 100g of No. 2 rock emulsion explosive and detonator are arranged at the hole bottom, the hole section is blocked by clay stemming by 0.4m, advanced blasting is carried out to relieve the stress, so that micro cracks are generated on rocks around the holes, the region of rock storing elastic strain energy is developed in the direction away from the chamber body, the maximum stress is transferred to the depth of surrounding rock, and the hollow surrounding rock of the chamber wall is prevented from being damaged by tension when the underground surrounding rock explosion is excavated in a lower circulation. In the excavation and tunneling of the underground chamber, the blasting excavation forms a temporary face, and the initial ground stress of surrounding rock around the chamber is disturbed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock burst control related to underground chamber excavation, in particular to a rock burst control treatment method for an underground chamber, which can prevent rock burst from being generated during underground chamber excavation, ensure the safety of operators and mechanical equipment, and improve the construction efficiency.
Background
When the underground chamber is constructed in the high-ground-stress hard rock, the construction disturbs the initial ground stress, and the temporary surface brings conditions for the redistribution of the ground stress. When high ground stress acts on the temporary rock wall, the phenomena of rock spalling, ejection, throwing and the like often occur, and the phenomena of rock burst are accompanied by rattling, so that the rock burst is formed, and huge potential safety hazards are brought to constructors and equipment. In general, when a high-ground-stress hard rock underground chamber is constructed, a passive protection and active avoidance mode is often adopted, namely, a mode that constructors wear protective clothing, a protective steel plate is additionally arranged on an operation machine, and the operation machine waits for rock explosion to finish after excavation and then enters the next working procedure is adopted. The method is to make rock burst happen, and passively adopts methods of waiting, personnel and machinery protection and the like. The construction safety risk is still larger, the waiting time is long, and the construction period is uncontrollable.
The method fundamentally solves the problem of rock burst, avoids rock burst occurrence by a method of relieving stress in advance and transferring elastic strain energy, realizes safe operation of personnel and mechanical equipment in high-ground stress hard rock underground chamber construction, saves construction period and improves operation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for preventing and treating rock burst of an existing high-ground stress hard rock underground chamber, which solves the problems of high occurrence probability, high construction risk, low efficiency and the like of rock burst of the existing high-ground stress hard rock underground chamber.
The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating rock burst of a basement, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of; the method is implemented as follows:
step 1: marking a first stress release section, a second stress release section and a third stress release section on the side wall of the tunnel face, wherein the first stress release section is perpendicular to the tunnel wall, the second stress release section is arranged obliquely forwards at 45 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall, the third stress release section is arranged obliquely forwards at 60 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall,
a first stress release hole, a second stress release hole and a third stress release hole are respectively drilled at a plurality of sections, wherein the second stress release hole is drilled horizontally, the first stress release hole is drilled at 45 degrees upwards in an inclined manner, the third stress release hole is drilled at 45 degrees downwards in an inclined manner, and the aperture of the release hole is 50mm;
step 2: installing a blasting explosive detonator with a plug in each hole, wherein the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, and performing advanced blasting to relieve stress; the stress relieving area is 3m outwards of the cave wall, the face is 5.3m forwards, and when the cave is excavated in a circulating way, the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance.
The invention has the following advantages: according to the method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the underground chamber, drilling of each stress release hole can be synchronously carried out with parallel operation of excavating a blasting hole on the face, the operation of the face is not affected, each drilling hole covers the range of 3X 5m around the face, explosive and detonator are installed for blasting, initial stress of the area is disturbed in advance, stress is redistributed in advance, elastic strain energy is transferred to the depth of surrounding rock, when the face is excavated and blasted, the stress of the area is relieved, stress concentration of a newly formed excavation face is weak, and rock burst does not occur. And the normal construction of the conventional chamber can be performed. The construction efficiency can be improved while the construction risk is reduced.
By adopting the method provided by the invention, the high initial stress around the tunnel of the excavation surface can be relieved in advance, and the elastic strain energy storage area of the surrounding rock is developed to the deep around the tunnel, so that the stress of the redistribution of the excavation surface is smaller than the tensile strength of the rock, thereby avoiding the occurrence of rock burst, reducing the safety risks of construction operators and machinery on one hand, improving the construction efficiency on the other hand, and avoiding the phenomena of waiting for rock burst when the construction is stopped.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a chamber stress relief hole arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a chamber stress relief section and hole arrangement;
fig. 3 a schematic of an explosive detonator and plug in a hole.
Wherein: the first stress relief section I, the second stress relief section II, the third stress relief section III, the first stress relief hole 1, the second stress relief hole 2, the third stress relief hole 3 and the explosion explosive detonator 4 with the plug.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating rock burst of an underground chamber, which comprises a first stress release section I, a second stress release section II, a third stress release section III, a corresponding first stress release hole 1, a corresponding second stress release hole 2, a corresponding third stress release hole 3 and a blasting explosive detonator 4 with a plug. Marking a first stress release section I, a second stress release section II and a third stress release section III on the side wall of the tunnel face, wherein the first stress release section I is perpendicular to the tunnel wall, the second stress release section II is obliquely arranged forwards at 45 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall, the third stress release section III is obliquely arranged forwards at 60 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall, a first stress release hole 1, a second stress release hole 2 and a third stress release hole 3 are respectively arranged horizontally and obliquely upwards and downwards at a plurality of sections, the second stress release hole 2 is arranged horizontally, the first stress release hole 1 is arranged obliquely upwards at 45 degrees, the third stress release hole 3 is arranged obliquely downwards at 45 degrees, the aperture of the release hole is 50mm, a blasting explosive detonator 4 with a plug is arranged in each hole, the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, the blasting is carried out to release stress, the stress release area is 3m outwards of the tunnel wall, the tunnel face is forwards 5.3m, and when the circular excavation is carried out in advance, the stress in the scope of the circular excavation is released.
The implementation steps of the invention are as follows:
step 1: marking a first stress release section I, a second stress release section II and a third stress release section III on the side wall of the tunnel face, wherein the first stress release section I is vertical to the tunnel wall, the second stress release section II is arranged obliquely forwards at 45 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall, the third stress release section III is arranged obliquely forwards at 60 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall,
a first stress release hole 1, a second stress release hole 2 and a third stress release hole 3 are respectively drilled at a plurality of sections, wherein the second stress release hole 2 is drilled horizontally, the first stress release hole 1 is drilled at an angle of 45 DEG upwards, the third stress release hole 3 is drilled at an angle of 45 DEG downwards, and the aperture of the release hole is 50mm;
step 2: installing a blasting explosive detonator 4 with a plug in each hole, wherein the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, and performing advanced blasting to relieve stress; the stress relieving area is 3m outwards of the cave wall, the face is 5.3m forwards, and when the cave is excavated in a circulating way, the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance.
According to the rock burst prevention and treatment method for the underground chamber, stress relief holes are creatively formed in the periphery of the chamber wall and the face, a small amount of blasting cartridges are installed in the stress relief holes in the area nearby the face to perform disturbance blasting, micro cracks are generated in the depth of surrounding rock by blasting, initial stress is redistributed in advance, elastic strain energy on the periphery of the chamber is developed to the outer side of the disturbance area, the chamber Zhou Yingli is relieved in advance, rock burst is avoided during subsequent chamber excavation, and the safety of chamber construction is guaranteed. First stress release sections I, second stress release sections II and third stress release sections III are marked on the side wall of a tunnel face, a first stress release hole 1, a second stress release hole 2 and a third stress release hole 3 are respectively formed in the horizontal direction and the inclined direction at the positions of the sections, wherein the second stress release hole 2 is formed in the horizontal direction, the first stress release hole 1 is formed in the inclined direction at 45 degrees, the third stress release hole 3 is formed in the inclined direction at 45 degrees, the aperture of the release hole is 50mm, a blasting explosive detonator 4 with a plug is arranged in each hole, the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter of the explosive is 32mm, advanced blasting is carried out to release stress, a stress release area is outwards 3m on the tunnel wall, the tunnel face is forwards 5.3m, and when the tunnel face is excavated in a circulating way, the stress in a circulating scale range is released in advance. The whole construction process is simple, the method is simple and convenient, and the problem of underground chamber rock burst can be rapidly and efficiently treated.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preventing and treating rock burst of a basement is characterized by comprising the following steps: the implementation and implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: marking a first stress release section (I), a second stress release section (II) and a third stress release section (III) on the side wall of the tunnel face, wherein the first stress release section (I) is perpendicular to the tunnel wall, the second stress release section (II) is obliquely arranged forwards at 45 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall, the third stress release section (III) is obliquely arranged forwards at 60 degrees with the normal line of the tunnel wall,
respectively punching a first stress release hole (1), a second stress release hole (2) and a third stress release hole (3) at the three stress release sections, wherein the second stress release hole (2) is punched horizontally, the first stress release hole (1) is punched at 45 degrees upwards in an inclined direction, the third stress release hole (3) is punched at 45 degrees downwards in an inclined direction, and the aperture of the release hole is 50mm;
the first stress release section (I) is positioned behind the tunnel face, the second stress release section (II) is positioned between the tunnel face and the first stress release section (I), the third stress release section (III) is positioned at the intersection angle of the tunnel face and the tunnel wall, and the three sections form a stress release area in a certain range of the tunnel wall and the tunnel face together;
step 2: installing a blasting explosive detonator (4) with a plug in each hole, wherein the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, and performing advanced blasting to relieve stress; the stress relieving area is 3m outwards of the cave wall, the face is 5.3m forwards, and when the cave is excavated in a circulating way, the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211041653.5A CN115420161B (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2022-08-29 | Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211041653.5A CN115420161B (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2022-08-29 | Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115420161A CN115420161A (en) | 2022-12-02 |
| CN115420161B true CN115420161B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| CN115420161A (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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