KR101815480B1 - Method for excavating vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an excavation method for a vertical hole using a prior large hole and, specifically, to an excavation method for a vertical hole using a prior large hole, capable of reducing vibration and noise in a blasting work by excavating and blasting a prior large hole, in advance, and of improving blasting efficiency. According to the present invention, the excavation method for a vertical hole using the prior large hole comprises: a prior large hole forming step (S10) of excavating the prior large hole (20); a prior large hole maintaining member installing step (S20) of inserting a prior large hole maintaining member (21) into the prior large hole (20) after the blasting work; an explosive charge hole forming and blasting step (S30) of excavating multiple explosive charge holes (30) in which an explosive charge is installed, around the prior large hole (20) at predetermined depth; a blasting step (S40) of loading an explosive in the explosive charge hole (30) and blasting; a rock debris treating step (S50) of removing a rock debris in the vertical hole (10); a partial prior large hole maintaining member removing step (S60) of partially removing the prior large hole maintaining member (21) in the vertical hole (10); and a repeating method (S70) of repeating the explosive charge hole blasting step (S30), the blasting step (S40), the rock debris treating step (S50), and the partial prior large hole maintaining member removing step (S60) in order in the vertical hole formed at the predetermined depth and repeating the excavation of the vertical hole.

Description

{METHOD FOR EXCAVATING VERTICAL SHAFT}

The present invention relates to a vertical excavation method using a longitudinal bore, and more particularly, to a vertical excavation method for constructing a horizontal tunnel in an underground space for subway construction, electric power and optical communication cable in an urban area, The present invention relates to a vertical excavation method using a preliminary bore to reduce vibration and noise during blasting by preliminary excavation and thereby improve blasting efficiency.

Generally, a water hole refers to a hole in a ground that is used to construct a horizontal tunnel underground.

These vertical holes are conventionally drilled vertically down to the ground to construct underground tunnels for subway construction, electric power, and optical cable laying. After digging through a water hole, it is used as a work space where various equipment can be put into the vertical hole, and a worker can also enter and exit. And construct a horizontal tunnel (P). Of course, after completing the work of this tunnel (P), this vertical hole serves as a vent for supplying ground air to the underground.

However, due to the blasting noise generated during the blasting work and the scattering of the crushed rocks, the excavation depth of the blasting is limited to a small scale. In addition, when the truss is excavated in the city center, blasting excavation method is used There are many difficulties.

Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of civil complaints in the city center, it is a reality to perform mechanical excavation using a rock cutter, which requires expensive construction cost instead of blasting excavation.

However, in the case of machine excavation using the rock incision equipment, the construction period is drastically increased, resulting in a significant decrease in economy and workability, as well as a noise caused by continuous machine excavation (for example, a backhoe breaker operation) It is impossible to block them at the source.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1025574 (registered on March 22, 2011) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1055705 (registered on March 3, 2011)

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that a pre-drilling hole is drilled at a depth of several tens of meters to a drilling slope ready ground, and a drilling bore hole holding member is drilled so that the drilled pre- The blasting for drilling of the vertical hole is proceeded and the blasting vibration and the noise are greatly reduced by the free surface formed by the borehole and the blasting efficiency can be increased by a small amount of load, It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavation method of a sphere.

(S10) of drilling a pre-drilling hole (20) for securing a free surface by vertically drilling a ground to a depth of several tens of meters by using a pre-drilling drilling rig by using a pre-drilling drill of the present invention, ;

(S20) of inserting a leading bore hole holding member (21) for holding the shape of the leading bore hole (20) into the leading bore hole (20) after blasting;

A charging hole forming and blasting step (S30) for excavating the charge hole (30) to which a charge is installed around the above-mentioned bore hole (20) at a predetermined depth;

A blasting step (S40) in which the explosive is buried in the charge hole (30) and then blasted;

A buckling step (S50) of removing burrs in the straightener (10) formed by being blasted to a predetermined depth;

(S60) of removing a part of the leading bore hole holding member (21) which is exposed upward in the straight hole (10) formed at a certain depth;

(S30), a blasting step (S40), a buckle removing step (S50), and a step of removing a part of the front bore hole holding member (S60) are successively repeated in a vertical hole having a predetermined depth to form a bore hole And repeating the excavation of the vertical sphere to a depth of several tens of meters formed (S70).

In the present invention, a free surface is formed on a drill hole by pre-drilling the drill holes to the final drill hole for excavation of the vertical drill, thereby increasing the working pressure and kinetic energy in the direction of the free surface when blasting. The efficiency can be increased and the blasting vibration and noise can be absorbed by the front borehole, thereby greatly reducing vibration and noise.

Also, there is an effect that a long borehole holding member for maintaining the shape of the long borehole previously excavated before the blasting step is provided in the borehole hole, and the borehole hole can be easily left without being broken by the continuous explosive force for the borehole excavation .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a straight hole drilling method according to the present invention is practiced. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of an embodiment of the present invention, which is a method of using a bore diameter according to the present invention; FIG.
3 is a side cross-sectional view of a vertical excavated first excavation method using a preliminary bore according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a borehole holding member of a straight hole drilling method using a bore diameter according to the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a vertical hole drilling method using a longitudinal bore according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of a method for drilling a long shaft using a drill hole according to the present invention. FIG.

(S10) of drilling a pre-drilling hole (20) for securing a free surface by vertically drilling a ground to a depth of several tens of meters by using a pre-drilling drilling rig by using a pre-drilling drill of the present invention, ;

(S20) of inserting a leading bore hole holding member (21) for holding the shape of the leading bore hole (20) into the leading bore hole (20) after blasting;

A charging hole forming and blasting step (S30) for excavating the charge hole (30) to which a charge is installed around the above-mentioned bore hole (20) at a predetermined depth;

A blasting step (S40) in which the explosive is buried in the charge hole (30) and then blasted;

A buckling step (S50) of removing burrs in the straightener (10) formed by being blasted to a predetermined depth;

(S60) of removing a part of the leading bore hole holding member (21) which is exposed upward in the straight hole (10) formed at a certain depth;

(S30), a blasting step (S40), a buckle removing step (S50), and a step of removing a part of the front bore hole holding member (S60) are successively repeated in a vertical hole having a predetermined depth to form a bore hole And repeating the excavation of the vertical sphere to a depth of several tens of meters formed (S70).

The present invention relates to a method of drilling a vertical hole 10 for forming a horizontal tunnel in an underground space several tens of meters deep in a ground for the purpose of a road, a subway, a railroad, a power plant, etc., The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1. Step of forming a borehole (S10)

First, a preliminary borehole drilling rig is prepared in the working space of the ground (A) for excavation of the orthodontic drill (10), and then drilled in the drilling rig to form a preliminary borehole (20) is perforated vertically.

At this time, although the size of the borehole 20 varies depending on the formation depth of the horizontal tunnel, it is preferable to form the borehole 20 by drilling at a depth of 20 to 80 m at a time of about 200 to 900 mm, The hole 20 serves as a free surface to greatly reduce blasting vibrations and noise during blasting, and can be easily blasted by a small blasting force (small charge amount).

The drill hole 20 is divided into a plurality of drill holes at a single or constant interval according to drilling diameters and drilling depths of the vertical drill holes.

In the meantime, one or a plurality of holes are excavated to the center side in the working space of the ground for excavation of the vertical hole 10 to excavate a vertical hole of a certain depth by a single blasting at the blasting step, When the drilling diameter of the sphere is wide, as shown in FIG. 5, the drill hole 20 is drilled at a position spaced apart from the center of the drill hole in one direction so that the drill hole can be divided by half cross- Sectional hole is excavated from the side where the above-mentioned bore hole 20 is excavated in the blasting step, and then the other side ground is excavated after the semi-sectional excavation.

2. Step of installing the borehole holding member (S20)

The drill hole 20 formed in the ground for drilling a vertical hole can be searched to find a drill hole 20 which has been drilled after being blasted by a crushed or scattered rock due to the explosion force after a single blasting in the blasting step Diameter bore holding member 21 capable of maintaining the shape of the bore hole 20 in the blasting step is provided in the bore hole 20 in order to prevent the blasting operation from being eliminated or the blasting effect being reduced.

2 and 4, a through-hole 211 is formed in a central portion of the leading-bore hole holding member 21, and a bore hole 20 is formed in the bore hole 20 so as to be smoothly inserted into the bore hole 20, A circular plate 210 formed to have a predetermined size smaller than the diameter of the circular plate 210 and a circular plate 210 spaced at a predetermined height in the linear bore 20 and extending in a predetermined length so as to be installed in a multi- And a vertical bar 220 vertically coupled to the through hole 211 of the circular plate 210.

It is preferable that a circular plate 210 having a degree of about 2 to 5 degrees per vertical rod 220 is installed on the vertical rod 220 having a predetermined length, The upper and lower diameter hole holding members 21 are formed in such a manner that a plurality of upper and lower holes 20 are assembled to be connected to each other or stacked on each other in accordance with the depth of the upper diameter hole 20 So that the remnant of the front borehole 20 for securing the free surface can be maintained until the next blasting so that the subsequent blasting can be continuously facilitated.

Meanwhile, the circular plate 210 and the vertical bar 220 of the front bore hole holding member 21 are preferably made of a material such as PVC or steel.

3. Charging Ball Formation Step (S30)

A plurality of charge holes 10 for excavation of excavation material are excavated to a predetermined depth using a drilling apparatus with a single or a plurality of excavated circumferential grounds of the above-mentioned bore hole 20.

The diameters and the number of the charging holes 10 are varied depending on the drilling diameter and depth of the vertical sills, but they are excavated to have a length of approximately 0.5 to 9 m, and the length thereof can be further extended as necessary.

4. In the blasting step S40 and the buckle removing step S50,

After the plurality of charge holes 10 are excavated, a large number of explosives are loaded in the charge hole 10.

The explosives can be applied to both single charge and dispersion charge, and the primer can be applied to both electric, non-electric and electronic primers.

When the explosive charge is loaded in the charge hole 10 and filled with a full color such as sand, a blasting process is performed so that the vertical hole 10 having a depth of 0.8 to 10 m is excavated every approximately first blasting.

At this time, in the blasting step, the impact pressure (explosive force) generated when the explosion is caused by the bulb hole 20 serving as a free surface moves to the bulb hole 20, and the impact pressure (explosive force) The tensile failure is increased around the minimum resistance line in the vicinity of the bore 20, so that the blasting effect is increased even with a small amount of charge, while the vibration and noise are absorbed by the bore hole 20, The effect can be obtained.

In order to secure a working space for carrying out the next blasting of the vertical shaft by taking out the rocks and soil burrs which are generated by the blasting of the ground by a depth of several meters by the above blasting step, do.

5. Step of removing part of the front borehole holding member (S60)

After the first blasting, the shape of the first straight hole 10, which has been drilled to a depth of several meters through the first blasting step, remains unchanged by the front bore holding member 21. At this time, The existing borehole holding member 21 is partly exposed to the upper side of the borehole 20 in the vertical hole 10 excavated while the vertical hole 10 is drilled to a depth of several meters by blasting.

The front bore hole holding member 21 partially exposed to the upper side of the bore hole 20 in the vertical hole 10 is formed in the bore hole holding member 21 ).

6. Repeat step (S70)

After the removal of a part of the borehole holding member, the first straight hole 10, which has been excavated after the first blasting step, is used as a work space to perform the excavation hole drilling step S30, the blasting step S40, S50) and the step of removing the part of the long borehole holding member (S60) are repeated in order to repeat the drilling operation of the vertical boreholes to the final desired depth and the depth of several tens of meters in which the borehole hole 20 is formed.

At this time, the final drilling depth of the vertical hole may not be the depth at which the drilling hole 20 is drilled, and may be changed at any time according to the design. Also, depending on the final drilling depth of the drilling hole 20, In case of vertical excavation, it is possible to perform excavation again by using the drill rig.

7. Large-scale Armed Forces

6, when there is an adjacent security object at a location for excavation of a vertical hole, the excavation equipment is used in the direction of the security object S from the planned excavation line to a plurality of large diameters (Explosive force) transmitted at the time of blasting is absorbed by the large-diameter armed weapons 40 to effectively prevent the impact pressure (explosive force) from being transmitted to the security object. Therefore, Do not affect neighboring security objects.

A plurality of blast holes are formed in the plurality of large diameter gun holes 40 formed on the line for excavation of the right-angle axis and a predetermined depth is formed between the balls and blasted by a PS (Pre-Splitting) blasting method, Thereby making it possible to more effectively reduce the blasting vibration and the noise to the security object (S).

Although the present invention having been described above has been described with reference to a limited number of embodiments, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

10-
20-barrel hole
21-bore hole holding member
210-Circular plate
220-vertical bar
30-charge ball
40-large-diameter armament

Claims (7)

(10) a step (S10) of drilling a pre-drilling hole (20) for securing a free surface by vertically drilling the ground to a depth of several tens of meters by using a pre-drilling drilling rig;
(S20) of inserting a leading bore hole holding member (21) for holding the shape of the leading bore hole (20) into the leading bore hole (20) after blasting;
A charging hole forming and blasting step (S30) for excavating the charge hole (30) to which a charge is installed around the above-mentioned bore hole (20) at a predetermined depth;
A blasting step (S40) in which the explosive is buried in the charge hole (30) and then blasted;
A buckling step (S50) of removing burrs in the straightener (10) formed by being blasted to a predetermined depth;
(S60) of removing a part of the leading bore hole holding member (21) which is exposed upward in the straight hole (10) formed at a certain depth;
(S30), a blasting step (S40), a buckle removing step (S50), and a step of removing a part of the front bore hole holding member (S60) are successively repeated in a vertical hole having a predetermined depth to form a bore hole And repeating the excavation of the vertical sphere to a depth of several tens of meters formed (S70). The method according to claim 1,
The front bore hole holding member 21 includes a circular plate 210 having a diameter smaller than that of the front bore hole so as to be provided for maintaining the shape of the front bore hole 20 and having a through hole 211 formed at the center thereof, And a vertical bar (220) vertically installed in the through hole (211) of the circular plate (210) so as to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined height in the front borehole. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the circular plate (210) and the vertical rods (220) of the front bore hole holding member (21) are made of PVC or steel. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a plurality of the pre-bore holes (20) are excavated at a single or a predetermined distance in the step of forming the pre-bore holes. The method according to claim 1,
In the step of forming the pre-bore hole, a bore hole (20) is formed at a position spaced apart from the central part of the bore hole at a predetermined distance so as to be able to excavate the bones by half cross- Excavation method. The method according to claim 1,
(40) is excavated along the circumference of a line to be excavated adjacent to a security object after the formation of the pre-bore hole when the adjacent security object (S) exists in a place for the excavation of the orthopedic apparatus. And a forming step of forming a hole having a diameter larger than the diameter of the hole. The method of claim 6,
The construction of the plurality of large-diameter armed aerials (40) involves forming a blast hole having a predetermined depth and applying a PS (Pre-Splitting) blasting method.

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