CN115420161A

CN115420161A - Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN115420161A
Application number: CN202211041653.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵刚应; 康海波; 金涛
Original assignee: Sichuan Road and Bridge Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Road and Bridge Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2022-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-29
Also published as: CN115420161B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating rock burst of an underground chamber; before underground chamber excavation, stress release holes are drilled on the chamber wall 1m behind the tunnel face in the radial direction of the chamber, stress release holes are drilled at the intersection angle of the chamber wall and the excavation face obliquely at the front direction of 45 degrees and 60 degrees respectively, the hole bottom is positioned at 3m in the radial direction of the tunnel, 3 holes are drilled at each position in the horizontal direction, at the downward direction of 45 degrees and at the upward direction of 45 degrees respectively, 100g of rock emulsion explosive No. 2 and a detonator are arranged at the hole bottom, clay stemming is 0.4m at the hole opening section, advanced blasting is carried out to relieve stress, so that micro cracks are generated on the surrounding rock around the hole, the region of rock storage elastic strain energy develops in the direction far away from the chamber body, the maximum stress is transferred to the depth of the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock near the cavity of the chamber wall cannot be damaged by being pulled during lower circulation excavation, and rock explosion is avoided. In the excavation and excavation of the underground chamber, the blasting excavation forms a face, and the initial ground stress of the surrounding rock of the underground chamber is disturbed.

Description

Underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of underground chamber excavation rock burst prevention and treatment, in particular to an underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method, which can prevent rock burst from being generated during underground chamber excavation, ensure the safety of operating personnel and mechanical equipment and improve the construction efficiency.

Background

When underground chambers are constructed in high ground stress hard rocks, initial ground stress is disturbed by construction, and conditions are brought to ground stress redistribution by an adjacent empty surface. When high ground stress acts on an adjacent hollow rock wall, phenomena of peeling, ejection, throwing and the like of rocks often occur, and rock burst is formed along with sound, and the occurrence of rock burst brings huge potential safety hazards to constructors and equipment. When a general underground chamber of high-ground-stress hard rock is constructed, a passive protection and active avoidance mode is usually adopted, namely, a mode that constructors wear protective clothing, operating machinery is additionally provided with a protective steel plate, and the underground chamber enters a next procedure after rock explosion is finished after excavation. The above modes are all to allow rock burst to occur, and passively adopt methods such as waiting, personnel mechanical protection and the like. The construction safety risk is still large, the waiting time is long, and the construction period is uncontrollable.

The method fundamentally solves the problem of rock burst, avoids rock burst by relieving stress in advance and transferring elastic strain energy, realizes safe operation of personnel and mechanical equipment in the construction of the high-ground-stress hard rock underground chamber, saves construction period and improves operation efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the problems of high occurrence probability, high construction risk, low efficiency and the like of the existing rock burst in the construction of the high-ground-stress hard rock underground chamber are solved, the invention provides a method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the underground chamber, firstly, stress release sections (I), (II) and (III) are marked on the side wall of the working face, stress release holes (1), (2) and (3) are respectively arranged at the horizontal and inclined upper and lower positions of a plurality of sections, the hole diameter is 50mm, the hole (1) is inclined upwards by 45 degrees, the hole (2) is horizontal, the hole (3) is inclined downwards by 45 degrees, an explosive detonator and a plug (4) are arranged in each hole, the explosive weight is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, advanced blasting is carried out to relieve the stress, the stress relieving area is 3m outwards from the working face, and the front face is 5.3m, and the stress in the range of a circulating scale is relieved in advance when the lower circulating excavation is carried out.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating rock burst of an underground chamber, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) carrying out rock burst prevention and treatment on the underground chamber; the method is implemented as follows:

step 1: the side wall of the tunnel face is marked with a stress release section (I), a stress release section (II) and a stress release section (III), wherein the section (I) is vertical to the underground cave wall, the section (II) is arranged in an inclined forward way of 45 degrees with the normal line of the underground cave wall, the section (III) is arranged in an inclined forward way of 60 degrees with the normal line of the underground cave wall, stress release holes (1), (2) and (3) are respectively arranged at the horizontal and inclined upper and lower positions of the sections, the hole diameter is 50mm, the hole (1) is inclined upwards by 45 degrees, the hole (2) is horizontal, and the hole (3) is inclined downwards by 45 degrees;

and 2, step: a blasting explosive detonator and a plug (4) are installed in each hole, the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter of the explosive is 32mm, and advanced blasting is carried out to relieve stress. The stress relieving area is 3m outside the underground cave wall, the tunnel face is 5.3m ahead, and the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance when the underground cave is excavated in a lower circulating mode.

The invention has the following advantages: the method for preventing and treating rock burst in underground cave is characterized by that the drilling of every stress-releasing hole can be implemented in parallel with the parallel operation of excavating blasting hole on the tunnel face, and does not affect the operation of tunnel face, and every drilling hole can cover the range of 3X 5m of periphery of tunnel face, and the explosive and detonator are mounted for blasting so as to disturb the initial stress of said region in advance, and the stress is redistributed in advance, and the elastic strain energy is transferred into the deep portion of surrounding rock, and when the tunnel face is excavated and blasted, the stress of said region is relieved, and the newly-formed excavated face stress is weak in concentration, and the rock burst does not occur. The normal construction of the chamber can be carried out according to the conventional method. And the construction risk is reduced, and meanwhile, the construction efficiency can be improved.

By adopting the method provided by the invention, the high initial stress at the periphery of the underground cave of the excavation surface can be relieved in advance, and the surrounding rock elastic strain energy storage area is developed to the deep part of the cave, so that the redistributed stress of the excavation face is smaller than the tensile strength of the rock, thereby avoiding the occurrence of rock burst, reducing the safety risk of construction operators and machinery on one hand, improving the construction efficiency on the other hand, and avoiding the phenomena of stopping the machine to avoid rock burst and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a stress relief orifice layout of a chamber;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the chamber stress relief section and the arrangement of the holes;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an explosive detonator in a hole and a plug.

Wherein: the stress release section (I), the stress release section (II), the stress release section (III), the corresponding stress release holes (1), the corresponding release holes (2), the corresponding release holes (3), the corresponding blasting explosive detonator and the corresponding plug (4).

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a method for preventing and treating underground chamber rock burst, which comprises a stress release section (I), a stress release section (II), a stress release section (III), corresponding stress release holes (1), release holes (2), release holes (3), blasting explosive detonators and a plug (4). A stress release section (I), a stress release section (II) and a stress release section (III) are marked on the side wall of the face, wherein the section (I) is vertical to the underground cave wall, the section (II) is arranged in 45-degree oblique front with the underground cave wall normal, the section (III) is arranged in 60-degree oblique front with the underground cave wall normal, stress release holes (1), (2) and (3) are respectively arranged at the horizontal and oblique upper and lower parts of a plurality of sections, the hole diameter is 50mm, the hole (1) is 45-degree obliquely upwards, the hole (2) is horizontal, the hole (3) is 45-degree obliquely downwards, blasting explosives and plugs (4) are arranged in each hole, the weight of the explosives is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, the stress is relieved in advance, the stress relief area is 3m outwards from the underground cave wall, the face is 5.3m forwards, and the stress in the range of the circulating scale is relieved in advance when the lower circulating excavation is carried out.

The implementation steps of the invention are as follows:

step 2: a blasting explosive detonator and a plug (4) are installed in each hole, the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter of the explosive is 32mm, and advanced blasting is carried out to relieve stress. The stress relieving area is 3m outside the underground cave wall, the tunnel face is 5.3m ahead, and the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance when the underground cave is excavated in a lower circulating mode.

According to the underground chamber rock burst prevention and treatment method, stress relief holes are creatively formed in the chamber wall and the periphery of the face, a small amount of blasting cartridges are installed in the stress relief holes in the area near the face to perform disturbance blasting, micro cracks are generated in the depth of surrounding rock by blasting, initial stress is redistributed in advance, elastic strain energy at the periphery of the chamber is developed towards the outer side of the disturbance area, stress around the chamber is relieved in advance, rock burst is avoided when a subsequent chamber is excavated, and chamber construction safety is guaranteed. Firstly, marking a stress release section (I), a stress release section (II) and a stress release section (III) on the side wall of a tunnel face, respectively horizontally and obliquely and up and down punching stress release holes (1), (2) and (3) at a plurality of sections, wherein the hole diameter is 50mm, (1) the hole is obliquely upwards for 45 degrees, (2) the hole is horizontally and (3) the hole is obliquely downwards for 45 degrees, each hole is internally provided with a blasting explosive detonator and a plug (4), the weight of the explosive is 100g, the diameter is 32mm, advanced blasting is carried out to relieve the stress, the stress relief area is 3m outside the tunnel wall, the tunnel face is forwards for 5.3m, and the stress in the range of a circulating scale is relieved in advance during lower circulating excavation. The whole construction process is simple, the method is simple and convenient, and the underground chamber rock burst problem can be treated quickly and efficiently.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating underground chamber rock burst is characterized by comprising the following steps: the implementation and realization steps are as follows:

and 2, step: installing blasting explosive detonators and plugs (4) in each hole, wherein the weight of explosives is 100g, the diameter of the explosives is 32mm, and performing advanced blasting to relieve stress; the stress relieving area is 3m outside the underground cave wall, the tunnel face is 5.3m ahead, and the stress in the circulating footage range is relieved in advance when the underground cave is excavated in a lower circulating mode.