CN115413676B - 一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于作物栽培领域,具体涉及具有促生作用的微生物制剂,包括以下组分:复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖;其中褐藻寡糖的质量为所述微生物制剂质量的1‑15%。本发明将褐藻寡糖和复合菌剂配合使用,可以有效促进作物幼苗生长,提高其抗逆性,提高幼苗的移栽成活率,具有重要的经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于作物栽培领域,具体涉及一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂。
背景技术
作物栽培过程中,常常需要先在育苗圃或者育苗棚内育苗,待幼苗长至一定程度后,移栽到大田中。而在移栽过程中,由于育苗圃或者育苗棚与大田环境存在一定的差异,而处于幼苗阶段的作物根、茎、叶等的生长可以为植物提供充足的营养物质,是植物正常生长发育的基础。因此,有效促进植物根、茎、叶的生长发育,不仅有利于植物的生长,并且可以有效提高植物的抗逆性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂,可以有效促进幼苗生长,增加作物抗逆性,提高幼苗的大田移栽成活率。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂,包括以下组分:复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖;其中褐藻寡糖的质量为所述微生物制剂质量的1-15%;复合菌剂中,有效活菌数≥1亿/g。
进一步,所述的褐藻寡糖的质量为所述微生物制剂质量的10%,所述的复合菌剂质量为所述微生物制剂质量的90%。
进一步,复合菌剂由贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HN-2、木霉、淡紫紫孢菌组成;所述的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)HN-2保藏编号为:CCTCC NO:M2018382。
进一步,按照细胞数量计,复合菌剂中各菌株配比为:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HN-2 1-5份、木霉5-10份、淡紫紫孢菌1-3份。
一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
分别取配方量的褐藻寡糖和复合菌剂,分别制成A剂和B剂;使用之前将A剂和B剂混合即可。
上述具有促生作用的微生物制剂在制备促进作物幼苗长高和/或提高作物幼苗抗逆性的制剂中的应用。
上述具有促生作用的微生物制剂在制备提高幼苗移栽成活率的制剂中的应用。
进一步,所述的应用中,取复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖混合均匀直接施用到土壤中。
进一步,所述的应用中,所述的具有促生作用的微生物制剂的施用量为每亩地施用1-3kg。
进一步,所述的应用中,所述的作物幼苗为菠萝蜜幼苗或者香蕉幼苗。
有益效果:
褐藻寡糖(褐藻胶寡糖)是由褐藻多糖(褐藻胶)经过酸、氧化剂或者裂合酶降解而获得的小分子量的片段(聚合度20以下)。而褐藻胶是褐藻细胞壁的填充物质,是由甘露糖醛酸和古罗糖醛酸结合而成的直链线性嵌段型高分子聚合物。经过降解获得的小分子量的褐藻寡糖,不仅水溶性好,而且稳定性高。本发明将褐藻寡糖和复合菌剂配合使用,可以有效促进作物幼苗生长,提高其抗逆性,提高幼苗的移栽成活率。经实验验证,对菠萝蜜幼苗和香蕉幼苗作用十分显著,具有重要的经济价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明,以更好地理解本发明。
实施例1-4
一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂,包括以下组分:复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖,二者的所占微生物制剂的质量百分比如下表。
表1各实施例复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖的组成
分组 | 复合菌剂(%) | 褐藻寡糖(%) |
实施例1 | 99 | 1 |
实施例2 | 85 | 15 |
实施例3 | 90 | 10 |
实施例4 | 95 | 5 |
其中,以细胞数量计,复合菌剂中各菌株的配比如下表。
表2各实施例复合菌剂中各菌株的组成配比
分组 | 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HN-2 | 木霉 | 淡紫紫孢菌 |
实施例1 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
实施例2 | 5 | 10 | 3 |
实施例3 | 3 | 7 | 2 |
实施例4 | 1 | 10 | 1 |
所述的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)HN-2,于2018年06月20日在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏编号为:CCTCC NO:M2018382,地址在中国武汉的武汉大学。
实施例1-4中,复合菌剂的有效活菌数≥1亿/g。
以上实施例中,所述的具有促生作用的微生物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
分别取配方量的褐藻寡糖和复合菌剂,分别制成A剂和B剂;使用之前将A剂和B剂混合即可。
上述制得的具有促生作用的微生物制剂施用到土壤中,能够促进作物幼苗长高、提高作物幼苗抗逆性,有效提高幼苗移栽成活率。施用量为每亩地施用1-3kg。
本发明所述的微生物制剂对幼苗生长的影响
分别配制不同组成的制剂,实验组按照实施例1-4所述的配比,对照组1只含有复合菌剂,对照组2只含有褐藻寡糖。每个处理100株幼苗。在要移栽幼苗的土壤中预先按照每亩地1-3kg的量耕入土壤之中,空白对照组不做任何处理。其中菠萝蜜幼苗施用量为3kg/亩,香蕉幼苗1kg/亩。之后均按照1mx1m的密度分别移栽菠萝蜜幼苗、香蕉幼苗,其中菠萝蜜幼苗为嫁接苗,香蕉幼苗为组培苗。统一进行日常水肥管理。为了便于统计数据,菠萝蜜幼苗和香蕉幼苗均选择30厘米左右的幼苗。栽种30天后,分别统计3种幼苗的生长情况。具体结果如表3-5所示。
表3不同菌剂对菠萝蜜幼苗生长的影响
由表3可以看出,4个实施例组,菠萝蜜苗30天平均长高11厘米左右,空白对照组只长高6厘米左右。实施例组菠萝蜜幼苗发病率仅为6%,明显低于空白对照组的14%。大田移栽成活率,空白对照组仅为86%,而4个实施例组可以达到97%以上,提升显著。相对于空白对照组,只施用复合菌剂或者褐藻寡糖虽然也可以提高幼苗平均长高,降低幼苗的发病率,提高幼苗成活率,仍低于4个实施例组。
表4不同菌剂对香蕉幼苗生长的影响
序号 | 制剂组成 | 幼苗平均长高(cm) | 发病率(%) | 成活率(%) |
1 | 实施例1 | 20.15 | 11 | 98 |
2 | 实施例2 | 21.02 | 10 | 97 |
3 | 实施例3 | 21.43 | 10 | 99 |
4 | 实施例4 | 20.36 | 12 | 98 |
5 | 对照组1 | 14.38 | 18 | 89 |
6 | 对照组2 | 15.94 | 17 | 88 |
7 | 空白对照 | 9.16 | 21 | 88 |
由表4可以看出,相对于空白组和对照组1和对照组2,4个实施例组幼苗平均长高显著增加,发病率明显降低,大田移栽成活率显著提升。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述,但其只是作为范例,本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言,任何对本发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改,都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂,其特征在于,由以下组分组成:复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖;其中褐藻寡糖的质量为所述微生物制剂质量的1-15%;复合菌剂中,有效活菌数≥1亿/g;复合菌剂由贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HN-2、木霉、淡紫紫孢菌组成;所述的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis HN-2保藏编号为:CCTCC NO:M2018382;按照细胞数量计,复合菌剂中各菌株配比为:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HN-2 1-5份、木霉5-10份、淡紫紫孢菌1-3份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂,其特征在于,所述的褐藻寡糖的质量为所述微生物制剂质量的10%,所述的复合菌剂质量为所述微生物制剂质量的90%。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种具有促生作用的微生物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
分别取配方量的褐藻寡糖和复合菌剂,分别制成A剂和B剂;使用之前将A剂和B剂混合即可。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的具有促生作用的微生物制剂在制备促进作物幼苗长高和/或提高作物幼苗抗逆性的制剂中的应用,所述的作物幼苗为菠萝蜜幼苗或者香蕉幼苗。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的具有促生作用的微生物制剂在制备提高作物幼苗移栽成活率的制剂中的应用,所述的作物幼苗为菠萝蜜幼苗或者香蕉幼苗。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的应用中的具有促生作用的微生物制剂的使用方法,其特征在于,取复合菌剂和褐藻寡糖混合均匀直接施用到土壤中。
7.如权利要求6所述的使用方法,其特征在于,所述的具有促生作用的微生物制剂的施用量为每亩地施用1-3kg。
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