CN115403134B - 一种电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器及其应用 - Google Patents
一种电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器及其应用,在透气膜电极上沉积纳米材料,得到纳米材料透气膜电极;采用生物相容性的聚合电解质对纳米材料透气膜电极进行修饰改性;将微生物转接修饰改性后的纳米材料透气膜电极上进行培育;将培育有微生物的透气膜,组装于反应池中,即得。本发明通过聚合电解质修饰过后的透气膜电极表面携带有大量的电荷,而后透气膜电极通过吸附带电荷的微生物,形成固定有菌的电极,这种有菌的电极提高了电化学材料的活性,电化学驱动微生物降解污染底物有明显的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于污水处理领域,涉及利用三相界面反应器降解污染物,特别涉及一种新型的电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器及其应用。
背景技术
废水中污染物的降解是一个好氧的过程,它降解效率取决于氧气的浓度,因此解决降解体系溶氧问题对降解效率至关重要。现有技术中生物法降解是最常见的氨氮污染物处理方式,其技术成熟,没有二次污染,操作便捷,但降解所用菌株对水中含氧量要求严格,含氧量低时,降解效率并不理想。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明所要解决的是现有好氧降解体系中微生物固定不牢,溶氧不高,降解效率不佳的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器,通过如下步骤构建:
(1)在透气膜电极上沉积纳米材料,得到纳米材料透气膜电极;
(2)采用聚合电解质对步骤(1)得到的纳米材料透气膜电极进行修饰改性;
(3)将微生物转接到步骤(2)修饰改性后的纳米材料透气膜电极上进行培育;
(4)将步骤(3)培育有微生物的透气膜,组装于三相界面反应池中,即得。
具体地,步骤(1)中,所述的纳米材料采用电沉积法附着在透气膜电极上。
优选地,所述的纳米材料可以是金属或者半导体材料,例如纳米铜颗粒、纳米金颗粒、纳米银颗粒、纳米镍颗粒中的任意一种。
优选地,所述的透气膜电极为带有孔隙的膜材料电极,例如碳纸电极。
优选地,电沉积的参数为:沉积电位:-2.4V~2.4V;时间:1s~2000s;Cu2+浓度:0.00001~1000mM;柠檬酸三钠浓度:0.00001mM~2000mM;0.001%-0.5%的SDS溶液;反应体系pH值1.0-12.0。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述的聚合电解质为聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵;将水和聚合电解质以(500~0.001):(50~0.001)的比例配置,形成均匀的溶液,然后将沉积面透气膜电极放入溶液中浸泡12h以上进行修饰。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述的微生物为好气微生物,包括但不限定为苍白杆菌(CPCC100788)、中华根瘤菌(CCTCC HB 20082933)、枯草芽孢杆菌(CCTCC AB 2019190)、假单胞菌(MCCC 1A00050)中的任意一种。
具体地,步骤(3)中,配置LB液体培养基灭菌备用,将修饰改性后的纳米材料透气膜电极放置在LB液体培养基中,随后将微生物转接至培养基中,密封后放入30℃恒温箱培养4~48h。
具体地,步骤(4)中,将培育有微生物的透气膜固定到三相界面反应池的电解池中,一面接触空气,一面接触电解液。
具体地,三相界面反应池包含两个池体,其中一个装有电解液;两池体均设有顶盖,顶盖有开孔用于插入电极;两池体之间通过通道联通,其中培育有微生物的透气膜组装于通道远离电解池的端部。
进一步地,本发明还要求保护上述电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器用于降解污水中氨氮污染物的应用。
优选地,采用上述电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器降解污水中氨氮污染物时,三相界面反应器中通入O2的流速为0.001~2000ml/min。
优选地,三相界面反应器中通入的电压为-1~1V。
有益效果:
本发明通过PDDA修饰过后的透气膜电极表面携带有大量的正电荷,而后透气膜电极通过吸附带有电荷的微生物,形成固定有菌的电极,这种有菌的电极提高了电化学材料的活性,电化学驱动微生物降解污染底物有明显的效果。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1为-0.60V电位下纳米铜材料的形貌。
图2为-0.45V电位下纳米铜材料的形貌。
图3为无菌、透气膜电极无PDDA修饰的CV曲线。
图4为无菌、透气膜电极经PDDA修饰的CV曲线。
图5为有菌,透气膜电极无PDDA修饰的CV曲线。
图6为有菌,透气膜电极经PDDA修饰的CV曲线。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。
以下实施例中,使用的PBS缓冲溶液的浓度约为100mM,pH为2.8与7.4;使用的PGSTAT 204电化学工作站购自瑞士万通公司,CHI660E电化学工作站购自上海辰华公司,PDDA购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司。
实施例1
将碳纸用专用裁剪器截切为大小为1.8*1.8方形碳纸电极,在疏水的一面做好标记,后将碳纸电极,固定在三相界面反应器中,将甘汞电极和铂电极放入有10mL反应体系溶液中(溶液中含pH为2.8的磷酸缓冲盐溶液8.8mL,0mM~100mM CuCl2溶液1mL,0mM~2000mM柠檬酸三钠100μL,5%的SDS 100μL)。设置仪器:沉积电位:-1.2V~-1.2V,时间:210s,Cu2+浓度:50mM,柠檬酸三钠浓度:500mM,0.05%的SDS溶液,反应体系pH值7.4。沉积得到的纳米铜碳纸电极,如图1和图2所示。其中,-0.60V电位下沉积的纳米铜材料形貌如图1所示,-0.45V电位下纳米铜材料的形貌图2所示。可见图1中-0.45V电位下纳米铜针棱角分明,有明显的“锥型”形貌;而图2中-0.60V电位下的形貌,呈圆形簇状,不分明,彼此相连,不平整,未见主支
实施例2
将水和聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)以100:1的比例配置,形成均匀的溶液。取5mL PDDA溶液放于扁平称量瓶中,将沉积面的碳纸(于-0.45V下沉积)放于PDDA溶液中进行修饰,而后将扁平称量瓶放于摇床(25℃,30r),浸泡12h,得到PDDA修饰的碳纸。同时,以没有经PDDA修饰作为空白组1。
配置LB液体培养基灭菌备用,将苍白杆菌转接1mL到上述PDDA修饰的碳纸,用封口膜将三相界面盖口缝隙密封,放入30℃恒温箱培养24h。同时,以没有转接苍白杆菌的PDDA修饰碳纸作为空白组2。
将上述得到的四组碳纸,分别组装于三相界面反应池中。三相界面反应池包含两个池体;两池体均设有顶盖,顶盖有开孔用于插入电极;两池体之间通过通道联通,其中培育有好氧微生物的碳纸组装于通道远离电解池的端部,一面接触空气,一面接触电解液。向其中一个池体内加入10mL的PBS作为电解池,随后将铂电极和甘汞电极插入三相界面反应器溶液的电解池。设置起始电压-0.6V,最高电压为1.4V,最低电压-0.6V,扫描的速率为0.05V/s,扫描片段为4个片段。扫描开始前在电解池中先通10~50min的N2,开始扫描后也保持N2的通入,而后撤掉N2,改通O2,时间依旧为10~50min,设置不变再次测定CV曲线。保持O2的通入,向反应池加入100μL浓度约为0mM~1500mM的NH4CL溶液,混匀后测定CV曲线。
其中,图3为无菌、碳纸电极无PDDA修饰的CV曲线。图4为无菌、碳纸电极经PDDA修饰的CV曲线。图5为有菌,碳纸电极无PDDA修饰的CV曲线。图6为有菌,碳纸电极经PDDA修饰的CV曲线。
结合附图3和图4不难看出,N2、O2和底物对没有固定菌未修饰的电极没有影响。
由图5和图6可以看出,随着氯化铵底物浓度(底物-3,底物-5分别为加入3次,5次,每次加入0.1ml,100mmol/L的NH4Cl溶液)的增加,经PDDA修饰的固定有菌的电极,CV曲线图显示在1.4V处显示了氧化峰明显的升高。结果表明,经PDDA修饰的固定有菌的电极提高了电化学材料的活性,电化学驱动微生物降解氨氮底物有明显的效果。
本发明提供了一种电驱动好氧微生物的三相界面反应器及其应用的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (7)
1.一种电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器,其特征在于,通过如下步骤构建:
(1)在透气膜电极上沉积纳米材料,得到纳米材料透气膜电极;
(2)采用聚合电解质对步骤(1)得到的纳米材料透气膜电极进行修饰改性;
(3)将微生物转接到步骤(2)修饰改性后的纳米材料透气膜电极上进行培育;
(4)将步骤(3)培育有微生物的透气膜,组装于三相界面反应池中,即得;
步骤(1)中,所述的纳米材料采用电沉积法附着在透气膜电极上;纳米材料为金属或者半导体材料中的任意一种;所述的透气膜电极为带有孔隙的膜材料电极;
步骤(2)中,所述的聚合电解质为聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,将水和聚合电解质以(500~0.001):(50~0.001)的比例配置,形成均匀的溶液,然后将沉积面透气膜电极放入溶液中浸泡12h以上进行修饰;
步骤(3)中,所述的微生物为好气微生物,包括苍白杆菌、中华根瘤菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌中的任意一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器,其特征在于,电沉积的参数为:沉积电位:-2.4V~ 2.4 V;时间: 1s~2000s;Cu2+浓度:0.00001~1000mM;柠檬酸三钠浓度:0.00001 mM~2000mM;0.001%-0.5%的SDS溶液;反应体系pH值1.0-12.0。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,配置LB液体培养基灭菌备用,将修饰改性后的纳米材料透气膜电极放置在LB液体培养基中,随后将微生物转接至培养基中,密封后放入30℃恒温箱培养4~48 h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,将培育有微生物的透气膜电极固定到三相界面反应池的电解池中,一面接触空气,一面接触电解液。
5.权利要求1所述电驱动微生物的三相界面反应器用于降解污水中氨氮污染物的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,三相界面反应器中通入O2的流速为0.001-2000ml/min。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,三相界面反应器中通入的电压为-1~1V。
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