CN115401512A

CN115401512A - Door opening and closing mechanism for machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN115401512A
Application number: CN202210567742.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 西仲徹伸
Original assignee: Okuma Corp
Current assignee: Okuma Corp
Priority date: 2021-05-26
Filing date: 2022-05-24
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Also published as: JP2022181629A; DE102022205259A1; US20220381076A1; US11952815B2

Abstract

The invention provides a door opening and closing mechanism of a machine tool, which can enjoy the advantages of a linkage mechanism and can deal with the operation of only opening an operation door, so that the operability is good. A door opening/closing mechanism (30) of a machine tool comprises an operation door (12) and an intermediate door (11) which are operated to be opened and closed, a linkage mechanism (31) which links the opening and closing of the intermediate door (11) and the operation door (12) is arranged between the operation door (12) and the intermediate door (11), a slide rail (32) which enables the operation door (12) to be opened and closed independently by a predetermined movement distance (A) is arranged between the operation door (12) and the linkage mechanism (31), when the operation door (12) is operated to be opened and closed within the movement distance (A), the operation door (12) is operated to be opened and closed independently by the slide rail (32), and when the operation door (12) is operated to be opened and closed beyond the movement distance (A), the intermediate door (11) is operated to be opened and closed in a linkage manner by the linkage mechanism (31).

Description

Door opening and closing mechanism for machine tool

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a door opening/closing mechanism for opening/closing an opening of a cover provided in a machine tool.

Background

The cover of the machine tool is provided with an opening portion for performing preparation work, cleaning, and the like. The opening is provided with a door that can be opened and closed manually or automatically. As an opening and closing mechanism of the door, for example,

patent documents

1 and 2 disclose the following inventions: the upper ends of the 2 door bodies are connected with a chain arranged between chain wheels in a tensioning mode, and one door body can be opened and closed in a sliding linkage mode with the other door body. Further, patent document 3 discloses a structure in which: a support plate for supporting a roller rolling on the upper surface of the rail is provided on the upper part of one door, and a drive plate abutting on the upper part of the roller is provided on the upper part of the other door, so that the other door is interlocked with the sliding of the one door. Patent document 4 discloses the following configuration: a first rack is fixed on the upper side of the opening part, a gear meshed with the rack is arranged on the upper part of one door, a second rack meshed with the gear is fixed on the upper part of the other door, and the other door moves in the same direction in linkage with the movement of the one door.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document 1: japanese Kokai publication Hei-7-40050

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-99803

Patent document 3: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2014-223688

Patent document 4: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 9-262741

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In the interlocking mechanisms disclosed in patent documents 1 to 4, since the plurality of doors are opened and closed simultaneously, it contributes to shortening the time required for opening and closing. However, since the sliding resistance increases as the number of doors increases, the operator's workability deteriorates when manually opening and closing the doors. If the automatic opening and closing is performed using a cylinder or the like, workability is improved, but the cost is increased.

On the other hand, in the machine tool, the operator may perform work by opening only the first door (operation door), but such a case cannot be handled by the interlocking mechanism, and the door may be operated uselessly.

Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a door opening/closing mechanism for a machine tool, which can enjoy the advantages of the interlocking mechanism and can cope with a work of opening only the operation door, and which has good workability.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a door opening/closing mechanism for a machine tool including a cover for opening/closing an opening portion with a plurality of doors, the door opening/closing mechanism for the machine tool opening/closing the plurality of doors,

the plurality of doors include an operation door to be opened and closed and at least 1 intermediate door, an interlocking mechanism for interlocking opening and closing of the intermediate door and the operation door is provided between the operation door and the intermediate door, and a slide mechanism capable of opening and closing the operation door individually by a predetermined movement distance is provided between the operation door and the interlocking mechanism,

when the operating door is opened and closed within the movement distance, the operating door is opened and closed by the sliding mechanism alone, and when the operating door is opened and closed beyond the movement distance, the intermediate door is opened and closed by the interlocking mechanism in an interlocking manner.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, in the above configuration, the linkage mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in the above-described structure, the rack and pinion mechanism includes: a moving-side rack provided on the operation door side; a fixed-side rack provided on the cover side; a first gear provided on the intermediate door side and meshed with the moving-side rack; and a second gear provided on the intermediate door side coaxially with the first gear and engaged with the fixed-side rack,

the slide mechanism is provided between the operation door and the moving-side rack.

Effects of the invention

According to the present disclosure, when the opening portion is partially opened by only operating the operation door, only the force of the sliding resistance of the slide rail is required, and therefore, the operator is not burdened. On the other hand, when the opening is fully opened, the intermediate door is interlocked by the interlocking mechanism after the operation of the slide mechanism, and therefore, even if there are a plurality of doors, the intermediate door can be operated simultaneously. Therefore, the advantages of the link mechanism can be enjoyed, and the operation of only opening the operation door can be handled, and the workability is good.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, in addition to the above-described effects, the interlocking mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism, and therefore, the interlocking mechanism can be formed in a space-saving manner. In addition, the sliding of the operation door and the middle door can be smoothly performed.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, in addition to the above-described effects, a rack and pinion mechanism includes: a moving-side rack provided on the operation door side; a fixed-side rack provided on the cover side; a first gear provided on the intermediate door side and engaged with the moving-side rack; and a second gear provided on the intermediate door side coaxially with the first gear and engaged with the fixed-side rack, and the slide mechanism is provided between the operation door and the moving-side rack, so that the amount of movement of the operation door and the intermediate door can be easily changed by changing the reduction ratio of the two gears. Further, by adjusting the slide mechanism, the moving distance of the operation door can be easily set.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a cover of a machine tool.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a door opening and closing mechanism portion of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gear shaft portion.

Fig. 4 is a top explanatory view showing opening and closing operations of the operation door and the intermediate door, in which (a) shows a closing position of the opening, (B) shows an intermediate position, and (C) shows a fully opened position.

Description of the reference symbols

1: a cover; 2: a top plate; 3: a front plate; 6: a longitudinal frame; 10: an opening part; 11: a middle door; 12: an operating door; 13: an inner upper plate portion; 14: an inner front plate portion; 16: an inboard track; 17: a left guide plate; 18: a right guide plate; 20: an outer upper plate portion; 21: an outer front plate portion; 24: an outboard track; 30: a door opening/closing mechanism; 31: a linkage mechanism; 32: a sliding track; 33: a gear shaft; 34: fixing a side rack; 35: a moving side rack; 37: an upper gear; 38: a lower gear; 40: a front rail; 41: a rear rail; 42: a middle rail; A. b: the moving distance of the operating door.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a cover of a machine tool. The cover 1 has a top plate 2 and a front plate 3, and has a box shape covering a machining area of a machine tool, not shown, from above. A cover 4 is provided behind and on the side of the cover 1. A partition cover 5 is provided on the right side of the cover 1 to partition it from the machine tool.

An opening 10 (fig. 4) is formed on the front side of the cover 1 so as to straddle the top plate 2 and the front plate 3. An intermediate door 11 located inside and an operation door 12 located outside the intermediate door 11 are slidably provided in the opening 10 in the left-right direction.

First, the intermediate door 11 has an inverted L-shape in side view, and includes an inner upper plate portion 13 provided above the top plate 2 in parallel with the top plate 2, and an inner front plate portion 14 formed downward from a front end of the inner upper plate portion 13 in parallel with the front plate 3. An inner window 15 is formed in the inner front plate portion 14.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an inner rail 16 having an inverted U-shaped cross section with a lower surface opening is attached to the rear end surface of the inner upper plate 13 in the left-right direction. A left guide plate 17 and a right guide plate 18 standing upward are continuously formed in the left-right direction at the rear end of the opening 10 of the top plate 2. The right guide plate 18 is formed to have an upper end higher than the left guide plate 17. The inner rail 16 is engaged with the left guide plate 17 from above.

The operation door 12 has an inverted L-shape in side view, and includes an outer upper plate portion 20 provided above the inner upper plate portion 13 of the intermediate door 11 in parallel with the top plate 2, and an outer front plate portion 21 formed downward from the front end of the outer upper plate portion 20 and provided in parallel with the front plate 3 on the front side of the inner front plate portion 14 of the intermediate door 11. An outer window 22 is formed in the outer front plate portion 21. A handle 23 is provided on the right side of the outer window 22 in the vertical direction. An outer rail 24 having an inverted U-shaped cross section with an open lower surface is attached to the rear end surface of the outer upper plate portion 20 in the left-right direction. The outer rail 24 engages with the right guide plate 18 from above.

As shown in fig. 4 (a), the sliding movement of the operation door 12 to the right side is restricted at a position where the outer front plate portion 21 abuts against the vertical frame 6 at the right end of the divided opening portion 10 of the cover 1. The outer upper plate portion 20 of the operating door 12 is formed to have a smaller lateral width than the outer front plate portion 21 and the inner upper plate portion 13 of the intermediate door 11, and the outer upper plate portion 20 abuts the partition cover 5 at a position where the outer front plate portion 21 abuts the vertical frame 6 to close the upper side of the opening 10. The lateral width of the outer front plate portion 21 is slightly larger than the inner front plate portion 14 of the intermediate door 11.

A door opening/closing mechanism 30 for opening and closing the intermediate door 11 and the operation door 12 is provided behind the intermediate door 11 and the operation door 12. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the door opening/closing mechanism 30 includes a link mechanism 31 for linking the intermediate door 11 with the opening/closing operation of the operation door 12, and a slide rail 32 for allowing the operation door 12 to be opened and closed independently.

The link mechanism 31 is a rack and pinion mechanism including a pinion shaft 33, a fixed-side rack 34, and a moving-side rack 35.

The gear shaft 33 is provided to the inner rail 16 of the middle door 11. A bracket 36 protruding rearward is fixed to a left end portion of the rear surface of the inner rail 16, and the gear shaft 33 is supported rotatably upward at a rear end of the bracket 36. An upper gear 37 having a small diameter is coaxially fixed to the gear shaft 33 on the upper side, and a lower gear 38 having a larger diameter than the upper gear 37 is coaxially fixed to the lower side.

The fixed-side rack 34 is fixed to the top plate 2 behind the gear shaft 33. A support plate 39 is fixed to the top plate 2 in the left-right direction, and the fixed-side rack 34 is attached to the upper surface of the support plate 39 in the left-right direction with the tooth surface facing forward. The tooth surface of the fixed-side rack 34 meshes with the lower gear 38.

The moving-side rack 35 is fixed to the outer rail 24 of the operating door 12 via the slide rail 32. The slide rail 32 includes: the front rail 40, the rear rail 41, and the intermediate rail 42 between the front rail 40 and the rear rail 41 are coupled to each other so as to be movable relative to each other in the longitudinal direction. Here, the front rail 40 is mounted in parallel to the rear surface of the outer rail 24 of the operating door 12. The rear rail 41 is mounted in parallel to the front surface of the moving-side rack 35 whose tooth surface faces rearward. The tooth surface of the moving-side rack 35 is engaged with the upper gear 37.

In the slide rail 32, the front rail 40, the rear rail 41, and the intermediate rail 42 are engaged with each other by a stopper not shown in the figure in a contracted state where they overlap each other in a front view and the slide rail 32 is shortest in the right-left direction. When a force exceeding the engagement force is applied in the left-right direction, the rails 40 to 42 are disengaged from the stoppers and can move relative to each other in the left-right direction.

In the door opening/closing mechanism 30 configured as described above, at the closing position of the intermediate door 11 and the operation door 12 that close the opening 10, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4 (a), the intermediate door 11 is positioned on the left side of the opening 10, the operation door 12 is positioned on the right side of the opening 10, and the adjacent end portions overlap each other. At this time, the gear shaft 33 is positioned near the right end of the fixed-side rack 34, and the lower gear 38 is meshed with the fixed-side rack 34. The moving-side rack 35 protrudes to the right side of the fixed-side rack 34 and engages with the upper gear 37 at the left end. The slide rail 32 is in an extended state in which the intermediate rail 42 protrudes to the right side of the rear rail 41 and the front rail 40 protrudes to the right side of the intermediate rail 42.

When the operator grips the handle 23 from the closed position and slides the operation door 12 to the left, the slide rail 32 is in a contracted state in which the front rail 40 and the intermediate rail 42 slide to the left and overlap the rear rail 41, as shown in fig. 4 (B). Since the moving-side rack 35 does not slide to the intermediate position, the link mechanism 31 does not operate, and the intermediate door 11 does not slide. Therefore, the opening 10 is partially opened by an amount corresponding to the sliding amount of the operating door 12 (the moving distance a in fig. 4B).

When the operation door 12 is slid rightward from the intermediate position in fig. 4 (B), the moving-side rack 35 is slid rightward via the slide rail 32, and the upper gear 37 is rotated leftward in a plan view. However, in the intermediate door 11, the inner rail 16 abuts the left end of the left guide plate 17 and the right guide plate 18 to restrict the sliding movement to the right, and therefore, the stopper of the slide rail 32 is released to extend the intermediate rail 42 and the front rail 40 to the right. Therefore, only the operation door 12 can be slid to the closing position of fig. 4 (a).

On the other hand, when the operating door 12 is slid leftward from the intermediate position of fig. 4 (B), the moving-side rack 35 is integrally slid leftward via the slide rail 32. Therefore, in the link mechanism 31, the upper gear 37 rotates to the right side in plan view, and the lower gear 38 also rotates to the right via the gear shaft 33. Then, the lower gear 38 rolls to the left along the fixed-side rack 34, and the intermediate door 11 also slides to the left side in conjunction therewith. However, the movement amount of the intermediate door 11 is smaller than the movement amount of the operating door 12. The difference in the amount of movement is determined by the reduction ratio of the upper gear 37 and the lower gear 38.

As shown in fig. 4 (C), when the intermediate door 11 slides to abut against a stopper portion (not shown) provided in the cover 1, the operating door 12 also slides from the intermediate position by a distance B to a fully open position where the outer upper plate portion 20 overlaps with the left side of the inner upper plate portion 13 of the intermediate door 11. In this state, the entire surface of the opening 10 is opened.

When the opening 10 is closed from the fully open position, the operating door 12 is slid to the right side in the opposite direction to the above. Then, the slide rail 32 is kept in the contracted state, and the moving-side rack 35 slides to the right side integrally with the operation door 12. Therefore, in the link mechanism 31, the upper gear 37 rotates leftward in plan view, and the lower gear 38 also rotates leftward via the gear shaft 33. Then, the lower gear 38 rolls rightward along the fixed-side rack 34, and the intermediate door 11 also slides rightward in conjunction therewith. The movement amount of the intermediate door 11 at this time is also smaller than the movement amount of the operating door 12.

When the operating door 12 reaches the intermediate position (the position where the intermediate door 11 closes the left side of the opening 10), the inner rail 16 abuts against the left end of the left guide plate 17 and the right guide plate 18, and the sliding is restricted. When the sliding of the operating door 12 is continued from here, the stopper of the slide rail 32 is released, and the intermediate rail 42 and the front rail 40 are extended, so that the operating door 12 can be slid to the closed position of fig. 4 (a).

As described above, the door opening/closing mechanism 30 of the above-described embodiment includes the operation door 12 and the intermediate door 11 that perform the opening/closing operation, the interlocking mechanism 31 that interlocks the opening/closing of the intermediate door 11 and the operation door 12 is provided between the operation door 12 and the intermediate door 11, and the slide rail 32 (slide mechanism) that enables the operation door 12 to be opened and closed by a predetermined movement distance a alone is provided between the operation door 12 and the interlocking mechanism 31, and when the operation door 12 is opened and closed within the movement distance a, the operation door 12 is opened and closed by the slide rail 32 alone, while when the operation door 12 is opened and closed beyond the movement distance a, the intermediate door 11 is opened and closed by the interlocking mechanism 31 in an interlocking manner.

According to this configuration, when the opening 10 is partially opened by operating only the operating door 12, only the force of the sliding resistance of the slide rail 32 is required, and therefore, the operator is not burdened. On the other hand, when the opening 10 is fully opened, the intermediate door 11 is interlocked by the interlocking mechanism 31 after the slide rail 32 is contracted, and therefore, even if there are a plurality of doors, the doors can be operated simultaneously. Therefore, the advantages of the link mechanism 31 can be enjoyed, and the workability can be improved by coping with the work of opening only the operation door 12.

In particular, the link mechanism 31 uses a rack and pinion mechanism. Therefore, the link mechanism 31 can be formed in a space-saving manner. In addition, the sliding of the operation door 12 and the intermediate door 11 can be performed smoothly.

The rack and pinion mechanism includes: a moving-side rack 35 provided on the operating door 12 side, a fixed-side rack 34 provided on the cover 1 side, an upper gear 37 (first gear) provided on the intermediate door 11 side and meshing with the moving-side rack 35, and a lower gear 38 (second gear) provided coaxially with the upper gear 37 on the intermediate door 11 side and meshing with the fixed-side rack 34, and a slide rail 32 is provided between the operating door 12 and the moving-side rack 35.

Therefore, by changing the reduction ratios of the

gears

37 and 38, the amounts of movement of the operating door 12 and the intermediate door 11 can be easily changed. Further, by adjusting the length of each rail of the slide rail 32, the moving distance a of the operation door 12 can be easily set.

Hereinafter, modifications of the present disclosure will be described.

In the above-described embodiment, the moving-side rack is disposed on the upper side and the fixed-side rack is disposed on the lower side, but the moving-side rack and the fixed-side rack may be disposed on the upper side. In this case, the diameters (reduction ratios) of the gears are also reversed upside down.

The configuration of the slide rail is not limited to the above. The number, length, etc. of the tracks can be changed as appropriate. As the slide mechanism, a structure other than the slide rail may be adopted.

The intermediate door may be plural. In this case, the corresponding gear shaft is also provided as a center door.

In the above embodiment, the operation door and the intermediate door are in an inverted L shape in a side view, but the two-door embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, even if the doors are rectangular in front view, the present disclosure can be applied by using a door opening and closing mechanism in which a gear shaft is arranged in the front-rear direction above both doors.

The shape of the cover, and the position and shape of the opening are not limited to the above-described embodiments.

Claims

1. A door opening/closing mechanism of a machine tool having a cover for opening/closing an opening portion with a plurality of doors, the door opening/closing mechanism for opening/closing the plurality of doors,

the plurality of doors include an operation door to be opened and closed and at least 1 intermediate door, an interlocking mechanism for interlocking opening and closing of the intermediate door and the operation door is provided between the operation door and the intermediate door, and a slide mechanism capable of opening and closing the operation door by a predetermined moving distance alone is provided between the operation door and the interlocking mechanism,

when the operation door is opened and closed within the movement distance, the operation door is opened and closed by the sliding mechanism alone, and when the operation door is opened and closed beyond the movement distance, the intermediate door is opened and closed in an interlocking manner by the interlocking mechanism.

2. The door opening/closing mechanism for a machine tool according to claim 1,

the linkage mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism.

3. The door opening/closing mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 2,

the rack and pinion mechanism includes: a moving-side rack provided on the operation door side; a fixed-side rack provided on the cover side; a first gear provided on the intermediate door side and meshed with the moving-side rack; and a second gear coaxially disposed with the first gear and engaged with the fixed-side rack,