CN115360035A - A preparation method of CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance, which comprises the following steps: weighing and proportioning Cu and Cr according to 1:1 by weight percent, and then weighing and proportioning Te with the weight ratio of the copper-chromium mixture being 0.003-0.6 wt%; preparing a consumable electrode bar by using the weighed raw material powder, and then performing vacuum sintering degassing, arc melting, forging annealing and machining to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance; the CuCr50Te contact material prepared by the vacuum consumable arc melting technology has good electric and thermal conductivity, reduces the fusion welding force of the CuCr contact, achieves grain refinement and uniform component distribution, reduces the shutoff value of the material, improves the pressure resistance of the material, and improves the current breaking capability; the invention has the advantages of simple overall process, lower process cost and shorter preparation flow.

Description

A preparation method of CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of copper-chromium contact preparation, in particular to a method for preparing a highly weld-resistant CuCr50Te contact material.

Background technique

With the development of vacuum interrupters to high voltage levels of 40.5kV, 72.5kV or even higher 126kV, 252kV levels and miniaturization, this requires contact materials to have higher stability during arcing and excellent breaking Performance, low cut-off value, but also high withstand voltage strength, anti-welding resistance, high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and mechanical strength.

In material design, if material modification is used to reduce volatilization of metal vapor during the breaking process to improve the breaking performance, the material will inevitably have a large cut-off value, which will cause overvoltage, adding a third element with a low melting point to reduce the cut-off value of the material , will also reduce the compressive strength. It has been found that a certain electrical contact performance is affected by one or more material parameters, and in turn one material property parameter affects several electrical property parameters.

The relationship between the comprehensive performance of the contact and the electrical performance is complex and interrelated, and the requirements for the contact material of the vacuum switch are very strict, and the requirements put forward are somewhat contradictory to the inherent physical properties of the contact material. The design, manufacture of the added more difficulty.

The addition of Te elements to CuCr contact materials is basically limited to materials with Cr content below 40%, while CuCr contact materials with high Cr content have the characteristics of strong arc extinguishing ability. Therefore, increasing the Cr content can make CuCr contact materials have better development. In the prior art, the preparation process for CuCr contact material with high Cr content has the problems of complex process, long period, high preparation cost and non-uniform microstructure of the prepared copper-chromium contact material. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a preparation process of CuCr contact material with high Cr content.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method of CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Design scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of CuCr50Te contact material of high welding resistance, comprising:

S1. Ingredients

Weigh Cu and Cr according to the ratio of 1:1 by weight percentage, and then weigh Te with a weight ratio of 0.003 to 0.6 wt% of the copper-chromium mixture; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of copper powder. Add in the form of chromium powder, Te in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in an automatic mixer and feed in a protective inert gas to mix for 1-6 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The uniformly mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder is filled into the mold by the automatic powder filling machine, and then placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment under the pressure of 80-500Mpa for 5-30min, and the self-consumption with a certain size is obtained. electrode rod;

S3, vacuum sintering

Carry out vacuum sintering and degassing of consumable electrode rods in a vacuum sintering furnace;

S4, arc melting

Smelting the electrode rod completed by S3 vacuum sintering in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, and obtaining an ingot after cooling;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out excircle to the cast ingot described in S4, after sawing off riser and bottom sheet, carry out forging and annealing, obtain the alloy ingot that forges;

S6. Machining

The alloy ingot described in S5 was dimensionally processed according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Further, the copper powder described in S1 is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder, and the particle size of the powder is 30-150 μm; the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, Obtain the copper melt; then use the atomization device to use argon as the gas source to carry out atomization and pulverization under the condition of the gas atomization pressure of 15-20 MPa; wherein, the specific process of the smelting is: the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to When P≤1Pa, increase the power to 90-100kW at a rate of 10kW/min. After the raw materials in the vacuum induction melting furnace are uniform, reduce the power to 35-40kW and fill the furnace with high-purity argon to increase the pressure. When it reaches 0.1MPa, stop filling argon, increase the power to 90kW at a rate of 20kW/min, and refine for 5min; ensure that the purity of the copper powder raw material is >99.7%.

Further, the chromium powder described in S1 is electrolytic chromium powder or thermite-reduced chromium powder, and the particle size of the powder is 20-100 μm; the purity of the raw material of the chromium powder is guaranteed to be >99.5%.

Further, the CuTe alloy powder described in S1 is prepared by vacuum ball milling method, and the particle size of the powder is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of the CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a weight percentage of 10-15:30-50 In the planetary ball mill, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 15-20:1, the speed of rotation is 300r/min, and the high-purity argon is used as the protective gas for ball milling for 40-50 hours; the purity of the tellurium powder raw material is guaranteed to be ≥99.9%.

Further, the specific step S3 is: placing the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace, and keeping it warm at 500-1080°C for 1-30 minutes.

Further, the specific step S3 is: placing the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace, filling it with argon after vacuuming, and then raising the temperature to 450-500°C at a rate of 50°C/min and keeping it warm for 1-20°C after vacuumizing again. 2min; then raise the temperature to 800-100℃ at a rate of 20℃/min and keep warm for 5-10min.

Further, said S4 specifically includes: placing the electrode rods completed in vacuum sintering of S3 in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melting at a melting point current of 1.0-5KA and an arc voltage of 10-30V, and cooling to obtain Ingot casting; and the number of short circuits during the smelting process is ≤3 times, and the environmental temperature and humidity requirements are: temperature ≤30°C, humidity ≤60%RH.

Further, the above-mentioned S5 specifically includes: carrying out the outer circle turning of the ingot described in S4, after sawing off the riser and the bottom sheet, then forging at 500-1000°C, and then annealing at 600-1100°C, Obtain a forged alloy ingot.

Further, the S5 needs to be preheated before being forged; the preheating specifically includes: heating up to 300°C at a rate of 30-50°C/min, keeping the temperature for 10-15min, and then heating at 10-20°C/min The rate of heating up to the forging temperature.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects: the overall process design of the present invention is reasonable, and the CuCr50Te contact material prepared by vacuum consumable arc melting technology has good electrical and thermal conductivity, and reduces the amount of CuCr material. The fusion welding force of the contact can achieve grain refinement and uniform distribution of components, reduce the material interception value, improve the withstand voltage performance of the material, and improve the breaking current capability; and the overall process of the invention is simple, with low process cost and a preparation process advantage of being shorter.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the metallographic diagram (100 *) of the CuCr50Te0.003 contact material prepared by embodiment 7;

Fig. 3 is the metallographic diagram (100 *) of the CuCr50Te0.001 contact material prepared by embodiment 8;

Fig. 4 is the metallographic diagram (100 *) of the CuCr50Te0.3 contact material prepared by embodiment 9;

Fig. 5 is a metallographic diagram (100×) of the CuCr50Te0.6 contact material prepared in Example 10.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A kind of preparation method of high welding resistance CuCr50Te contact material as shown in Figure 1, comprises:

S1. Ingredients

Weigh Cu and Cr according to the ratio of 1:1 by weight percentage, and then weigh Te whose weight ratio of copper-chromium mixture is 0.003wt%; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; the copper powder is electrolytic copper powder, the powder particle size is 30-150 μm; the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or thermite reduced chromium powder, the powder particle size is 20-100 μm; CuTe alloy powder is prepared by vacuum ball milling, and the powder particle size is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 10:30, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 15: 1. Ball mill for 40 hours under the condition of rotating speed 300r/min and high-purity argon as protective gas;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in the automatic mixer and pass into the protective inert gas to mix 1h, obtain the mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder that mixes uniformly is filled in the mould, is placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment then and is pressure-holding 30min under the condition of 80Mpa, obtains the self-consumable electrode rod with certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace and keep it warm for 30 minutes at 500°C;

S4, arc melting

Place the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of melting point current of 1.0KA and arc voltage of 10V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits in the melting process is ≤3 times , Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out outer circle turning on the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the bottom plate, then forge at 500°C, and then anneal at 600°C to obtain a forged alloy ingot;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Example 2

A kind of preparation method of high welding resistance CuCr50Te contact material as shown in Figure 1, comprises:

S1. Ingredients

Weigh Cu and Cr according to 1:1 by weight percentage, and then weigh the Te with a weight ratio of 0.1wt% of the copper-chromium mixture; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; copper powder is electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 30-150 μm; chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduced chromium powder with a particle size of 20-100 μm; CuTe alloy powder is prepared by vacuum ball milling, and the powder particle size is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 15:50, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 18: 1. Ball mill for 45 hours under the condition of rotating speed 300r/min and high-purity argon as protective gas;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in the automatic mixer and pass into the protective inert gas to mix 3h, obtain the mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder that mixes is filled in mold by automatic powder filling machine, is placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment then and is pressure-holding 15min under the condition of 200Mpa, obtains the consumable electrode bar with certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace and keep it warm at 800°C for 10 minutes;

S4, arc melting

Place the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of a melting point current of 3KA and an arc voltage of 20V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits during the melting process is ≤3 times, Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out outer circle turning on the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the bottom plate, then forge at 900°C, and then anneal at 800°C to obtain a forged alloy ingot;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Example 3

A kind of preparation method of high welding resistance CuCr50Te contact material as shown in Figure 1, comprises:

S1. Ingredients

According to weight percentage, Cu and Cr are weighed according to 1:1 ratio, and then the weight ratio of copper-chromium mixture is weighed to be 0.6wt% Te; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; copper powder is electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 150 μm; chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduced chromium powder with a particle size of 100 μm; Prepared by vacuum ball milling method, the powder particle size is 200μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 15:50, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 20:1, and the speed is 300r/min And ball milling for 50h under the condition of high-purity argon as protective gas;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in the automatic mixer and pass into the protective inert gas to mix 6h, obtain the mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder that mixes is filled in mold by automatic powder filling machine, is placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment then and is pressure-holding 5min under the condition of 500Mpa, obtains the consumable electrode bar with certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace and keep it warm at 1080°C for 1 min;

S4, arc melting

Place the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of melting point current of 5KA and arc voltage of 30V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits during the melting process is ≤3 times, Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out outer circle turning on the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the negative plate, then forge at 1000°C, and then anneal at 1100°C to obtain a forged alloy ingot;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Example 4

The difference from Example 1 is that the copper powder is atomized copper powder, and the particle size of the powder is 30-150 μm; the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting to obtain copper melt ; Then use the atomization device to use argon as the gas source to carry out atomization and powder production under the condition of gas atomization pressure 15MPa; wherein, the specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, with 10kW/ Raise the power to 90kW at a rate of min. After the raw materials in the vacuum induction melting furnace are uniform, reduce the power to 35kW and fill the furnace body with high-purity argon gas so that the pressure rises to 0.1MPa. The rate of 20kW/min increases the power to 90kW, refining for 5min.

Example 5

The difference from Example 2 is that the copper powder is atomized copper powder with a particle size of 30-150 μm; the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is smelted in a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain copper melt ; Then use the atomization device to use argon as the gas source to carry out atomization powder production under the condition of gas atomization pressure 18MPa; wherein, the specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, with 10kW/ Raise the power to 95kW at a rate of min. After the raw materials in the vacuum induction melting furnace are uniform, reduce the power to 40kW and fill the furnace with high-purity argon at the same time so that the pressure rises to 0.1MPa. The rate of 20kW/min increases the power to 90kW, refining for 5min.

Example 6

The difference from Example 3 is that the copper powder is atomized copper powder with a particle size of 30-150 μm; the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is smelted in a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain copper melt ; Then use the atomization device to use argon as the gas source to atomize and make powder under the condition of gas atomization pressure 20MPa; wherein, the specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, with 10kW/ Raise the power to 100kW at a rate of min. After the raw materials in the vacuum induction melting furnace are uniform, reduce the power to 40kW and fill the furnace with high-purity argon at the same time so that the pressure rises to 0.1MPa. Stop filling the argon to The rate of 20kW/min increases the power to 90kW, refining for 5min.

Example 7

A preparation method of a highly weld-resistant CuCr50Te contact material, comprising:

S1. Ingredients

Weigh Cu and Cr according to the ratio of 1:1 by weight percentage, and then weigh Te whose weight ratio of copper-chromium mixture is 0.003wt%; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; the copper powder is atomized copper powder, the powder particle size is 30-150 μm; the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or thermite reduced chromium powder, the powder particle size is 20-100 μm ; CuTe alloy powder is prepared by vacuum ball milling method, and the powder particle size is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 10:30, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 15 : 1, ball milling 40h under the condition of rotating speed 300r/min and high-purity argon as protective gas;

Among them, the specific preparation process of atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting to obtain copper melt; Carry out atomization powder;

The specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, the power is increased to 90kW at a rate of 10kW/min. Fill high-purity argon to make the pressure rise to 0.1MPa, stop filling argon, increase the power to 90kW at a rate of 20kW/min, and refine for 5min;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in the automatic mixer and pass into the protective inert gas to mix 1h, obtain the mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder that mixes uniformly is filled in the mould, is placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment then and is pressure-holding 5min under the condition of 80Mpa, obtains the self-consumable electrode rod with certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace, fill it with argon after vacuuming, and then raise the temperature to 450°C at a rate of 50°C/min and keep it for 2 minutes; then raise the temperature to 800°C at a rate of 20°C/min ℃ keep warm for 10min;

S4, arc melting

Put the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of melting point current of 1KA and arc voltage of 10V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits during the melting process is ≤3 times, Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out outer circle turning on the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the negative plate, and heat treatment; then forge at 500°C, and then anneal at 600°C to obtain a forged alloy ingot; among them, preheating The specific treatment is: raise the temperature to 300°C at a rate of 30°C/min, hold the temperature for 10 minutes, and then raise the temperature to the forging temperature at a rate of 10°C/min;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Example 8

The difference from Example 7 is that Cu and Cr are weighed and proportioned according to 1:1 by weight percentage, and then Te with a weight ratio of copper-chromium mixture of 0.01wt% is weighed.

Example 9

A preparation method of a highly weld-resistant CuCr50Te contact material, comprising:

S1. Ingredients

Cu and Cr are weighed and proportioned according to 1:1 by weight percentage, and then Te is weighed with a copper-chromium mixture weight ratio of 0.3wt%; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; the copper powder is atomized copper powder, the powder particle size is 30-150 μm; the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or thermite reduced chromium powder, the powder particle size is 20-100 μm ; CuTe alloy powder is prepared by vacuum ball milling method, and the powder particle size is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 15:40, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 18 : 1, ball milling 45h under the condition of 300r/min rotating speed and high-purity argon as protective gas;

Among them, the specific preparation process of atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting to obtain copper melt; Carry out atomization powder;

The specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, the power is increased to 95kW at a rate of 10kW/min. Fill high-purity argon to make the pressure rise to 0.1MPa, stop filling argon, increase the power to 90kW at a rate of 20kW/min, and refine for 5min;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in the automatic mixer and pass into the protective inert gas to mix 5h, obtain the mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder is filled in the mould, then placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment, and the pressure is maintained at 300Mpa for 20min to obtain a self-consumable electrode rod with a certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace, fill it with argon after vacuuming, and then raise the temperature to 500°C at a rate of 50°C/min and keep it for 1min; then raise the temperature to 100°C at a rate of 20°C/min ℃ keep warm for 5min;

S4, arc melting

Place the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of melting point current of 3KA and arc voltage of 25V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits in the melting process is ≤3 times, Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out the outer circle of the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the negative plate, and heat treatment; then forge at 950°C, and then anneal at 650°C to obtain a forged alloy ingot; among them, preheating The specific treatment is: raise the temperature to 300°C at a rate of 30°C/min, hold for 15 minutes, and then raise the temperature to the forging temperature at a rate of 20°C/min;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Example 10

A preparation method of a highly weld-resistant CuCr50Te contact material, comprising:

S1. Ingredients

According to weight percentage, Cu and Cr are weighed according to 1:1 ratio, and then the weight ratio of copper-chromium mixture is weighed to be 0.6wt% Te; wherein, Cu is added in the form of copper powder, and Cr is added in the form of chromium powder. Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder; the copper powder is atomized copper powder, the powder particle size is 30-150 μm; the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or thermite reduced chromium powder, the powder particle size is 20-100 μm ; CuTe alloy powder is prepared by vacuum ball milling method, and the powder particle size is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of CuTe alloy powder is: put tellurium powder and copper powder in a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 15:50, according to the ball-to-material ratio of 20 : 1, ball milling 50h under the condition of rotating speed 300r/min and high-purity argon as protective gas;

Among them, the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder is as follows: the electrolytic copper plate is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting to obtain a copper melt; Carry out atomization powder;

The specific process of smelting is: when the vacuum induction melting furnace is evacuated to P≤1Pa, the power is increased to 100kW at a rate of 10kW/min, and after the raw materials in the vacuum induction melting furnace are uniform, the power is reduced to 40kW and the Fill high-purity argon to make the pressure rise to 0.1MPa, stop filling argon, increase the power to 90kW at a rate of 20kW/min, and refine for 5min;

S2. Preparation of Consumable Electrode Rod

S2-1. Mixing

Put the weighed raw material powder in an automatic mixer and feed in a protective inert gas to mix for 1-6 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

S2-2, cold isostatic pressing

The copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder that mixes is filled in mold by automatic powder filling machine, is placed in the cold isostatic pressing equipment then and is pressure-holding 5min under the condition of 500Mpa, obtains the consumable electrode bar with certain size;

S3, vacuum sintering

Place the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace, fill it with argon gas after vacuuming, and then raise the temperature to 500°C at a rate of 50°C/min and keep it for 2 minutes; then raise the temperature to 100°C at a rate of 20°C/min ℃ keep warm for 10min;

S4, arc melting

Place the S3 vacuum sintered electrode rod in a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melt it under the conditions of melting point current of 5KA and arc voltage of 30V, and obtain an ingot after cooling; and the number of short circuits during the melting process is ≤3 times, Environmental temperature and humidity requirements: temperature ≤ 30 ℃, humidity ≤ 60% RH;

S5, forging annealing

Carry out the outer circle of the S4 ingot, saw off the riser and the bottom, and heat treatment; then forge at 1000 ° C, and then anneal at 1100 ° C to obtain a forged alloy ingot; among them, preheating The specific treatment is: raise the temperature to 300°C at a rate of 50°C/min, hold for 15 minutes, and then raise the temperature to the forging temperature at a rate of 20°C/min;

S6. Machining

The S5 alloy ingot is dimensioned according to the requirements of the drawing to obtain a CuCr50Te contact material with high welding resistance.

Test case

The physical and chemical properties of the CuCr50Te contact materials prepared in Examples 1 to 10 were tested for their physical and chemical properties, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1; and the microstructure of the CuCr50Te contact materials prepared in Examples 7 to 10 was observed, and the results were obtained as shown in Fig. Metallographic diagrams from 2 to 5;

Table 1: Test results of physical and chemical properties of CuCr50Te contact materials prepared in Examples 1-10

Conclusion: The CuCr50Te contact materials prepared in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention all have good electrical and thermal conductivity, and the compressive strength of the material is better.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparing materials

Weighing and proportioning Cu and Cr according to 1:1 by weight percent, and then weighing and proportioning Te with the weight ratio of the copper-chromium mixture being 0.003-0.6 wt%; wherein Cu is added in the form of copper powder, cr is added in the form of chromium powder, and Te is added in the form of tellurium powder or CuTe alloy powder;

s2, preparation of consumable electrode bar

S2-1, mixing materials

Putting the weighed raw material powder into an automatic mixer, introducing protective inert gas, and mixing for 1-6 h to obtain uniformly mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder;

s2-2, cold isostatic pressing

Filling the uniformly mixed copper-chromium-tellurium mixed powder into a die through an automatic powder filling machine, and then placing the die into a cold isostatic pressing device, and maintaining the pressure for 5-30 min under the condition that the pressure is 80-500 Mpa to obtain a consumable electrode rod with a certain size;

s3, vacuum sintering

Carrying out vacuum sintering degassing on the consumable electrode rod in a vacuum sintering furnace;

s4, arc melting

Smelting the electrode rod subjected to vacuum sintering in the S3 in a vacuum consumable arc smelting furnace, and cooling to obtain an ingot;

s5, forging and annealing

Turning the outer circle of the cast ingot of the step S4, sawing off a riser and a bottom sheet, and then forging and annealing to obtain a forged alloy ingot;

s6, machining

And (5) carrying out size processing on the alloy ingot in the step S5 according to the drawing requirements to obtain the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance.

2. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder is adopted as the copper powder in S1, and the powder granularity is 30-150 μm; the specific preparation process of the atomized copper powder comprises the following steps: placing the electrolytic copper plate in a vacuum induction smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten copper; then, atomizing by using an atomizing device and adopting argon as a gas source under the condition of gas atomization pressure of 15-20 MPa to prepare powder; the smelting process comprises the following specific steps: and vacuumizing the vacuum induction smelting furnace until P is less than or equal to 1Pa, increasing the power to 90-100 kW at the speed of 10kW/min, reducing the power to 35-40 kW after the raw materials in the vacuum induction smelting furnace are uniform, simultaneously filling high-purity argon into the furnace body to increase the pressure to 0.1MPa, stopping filling the argon, increasing the power to 90kW at the speed of 20kW/min, and refining for 5min.

3. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein the chromium powder in S1 is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic chromium powder, and the powder granularity is 20-100 μm.

4. The method for preparing a CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein the CuTe alloy powder of S1 is prepared by a vacuum ball milling method, and the particle size of the powder is 50-200 μm; the specific preparation process of the CuTe alloy powder comprises the following steps: placing tellurium powder and copper powder into a planetary ball mill according to the weight percentage of 10-15 to 30-50, and ball milling for 40-50 hours under the conditions that the ball-material ratio is 15-20, the rotating speed is 300r/min and high-purity argon is used as protective gas.

5. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein S3 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the consumable electrode bar in a vacuum sintering furnace, and preserving the heat for 1-30 min at the temperature of 500-1080 ℃.

6. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein S3 specifically comprises the following steps: placing the consumable electrode bar in a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing, filling argon, vacuumizing again, heating to 450-500 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 min; then raising the temperature to 800-100 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 5-10 min.

7. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein S4 specifically comprises the following steps: placing the electrode bar subjected to vacuum sintering in the S3 into a vacuum consumable arc melting furnace, melting under the conditions that the melting point current is 1.0-5 KA and the arc voltage is 10-30V, and cooling to obtain an ingot; and the short circuit frequency in the smelting process is less than or equal to 3 times, and the environmental temperature and humidity requirements are as follows: temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃, humidity is less than or equal to 60 percent RH.

8. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein S5 specifically comprises the following steps: and (5) turning the outer circle of the ingot casting in the step (S4), sawing off a riser and a bottom sheet, forging at the temperature of 500-1000 ℃, and annealing at the temperature of 600-1100 ℃ to obtain a forged alloy ingot.

9. The method for preparing CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 8, wherein the step S5 is performed by preheating treatment before forging; the preheating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30-50 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 10-15 min, and then heating to the forging temperature at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min.

10. The method for preparing the CuCr50Te contact material with high fusion welding resistance according to claim 1, wherein S5 specifically comprises the following steps: and (4) turning the outer circle of the ingot casting in the step (S4), sawing off a riser and a bottom sheet, heating to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30-50 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-15 min, then heating to 500-1000 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min, forging, and then annealing at the temperature of 600-1100 ℃ to obtain the forged alloy ingot.

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