CN115349500A - Method for feeding amber silkworm larva by living plant - Google Patents
Method for feeding amber silkworm larva by living plant Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for feeding amber silkworm larvae by living plants, which comprises the following steps: s1, planting persimmon trees Jiang Zishu in a greenhouse, pruning branches with the plant height of 100-150cm and the distance between the lower parts of the trees and the ground of 30-40 cm; s2, arranging an 80-mesh insect-proof net 2.00 m high around the greenhouse, and watering the persimmon trees and the ginger trees in the greenhouse once a week; s3, covering the periphery of the tree roots with grass prevention cloth without spraying herbicide; and S4, after the amber silkworms are hatched, breeding 1-3 instar larvae on the Diospyros kaki and Litsea cubeba. The method has the advantages of simple operation, reasonable design, saving of manual labor force and improvement of breeding efficiency, can expand a large number of populations in the breeding process of the amber silkworms in China, reduce the loss rate of the larvae in the low age stage, provides a breeding method for breeding and popularization and utilization of the amber silkworms and guarantees the industrial needs of the amber silkworms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect breeding, in particular to a method for breeding amber silkworm larvae by using living plants.
Background
Compared with silkworm silk, the amber silk has better hygroscopicity and extensibility and the characteristic of difficult fading of natural yellow metallic luster. Amber silkworms are distributed in a plurality of areas in Yunnan, amber silk is praised as the most noble silk due to the special color and quality, the economic value of the amber silk is more than 10 times of that of silkworm, and silk cocoons are only applied to the noble textiles. However, as the domestication is incomplete, half of the wild stocking is adopted, the survival of the wild stocking is easily influenced by the environment and natural enemies, and the breeding efficiency is low. Meanwhile, the supply of the amber silks is less than the demand due to the problems of low matching rate, small egg laying amount, low silking and cocooning efficiency of 5-year-old silkworms, imperfect feeding technology in India and the like.
The larva of the high-age amber silkworm has large body and relatively high stress resistance and is relatively high in low age, so that the loss is small during feeding, but the larva of the low-age amber silkworm has small body and needs to eat tender plant leaves, so that the large quantity loss is often caused during feeding. At present, in the breeding of the amber silkworms, the young silkworms are mostly bred indoors, and the leaves and the branches are required to be continuously replaced. Because branches are easy to wilt, but the eating of the low-age silkworms is less, the replacement is more complicated. In addition, in-vitro branch breeding, larvae need to change hosts continuously, breeding loss is easy to cause, and breeding efficiency is low. And if the silkworm is left in the greenhouse for breeding, the silkworm is easily disturbed by watering or other insects, and the amber silkworms fall to the ground to cause loss. Therefore, a method which is simple and convenient to operate, easy to treat and high in feeding efficiency is established, and the method is an effort direction for solving the existing situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for feeding young amber silkworms by living plants, which can effectively improve the survival rate of the young amber silkworms by feeding the young amber silkworms on the living plants.
According to an object of the present invention, there is provided a method for rearing a larva of an amber silkworm with a living plant, comprising the steps of:
s1, planting persimmon trees Jiang Zishu in a greenhouse, pruning branches with the plant height of 100-150cm and the distance between the lower parts of the trees and the ground being 30-40 cm;
s2, arranging an 80-mesh insect prevention net 2.00 m high around the greenhouse, and watering the persimmon trees and the ginger trees in the greenhouse once a week;
s3, covering the periphery of the tree roots with grass prevention cloth without spraying herbicide;
and S4, after the amber silkworms are hatched, breeding 1-3 instar larvae on the Diospyros kaki and Litsea cubeba.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of disinfecting and hatching the amber silkworm eggs:
1) After female amber eggs are laid, the eggs are peeled off from the egg cards, and the collected female amber eggs are placed in an artificial climate box;
2) Storing in a climate box for 7 days, taking out, soaking in 5% formaldehyde solution for 30 s, and washing with clear water for 4-5 times;
3) And naturally airing the eggs in a climate box, and then placing the eggs in an incubation box.
Further comprises an insect inoculation step of 1 st instar of the amber silkworm:
1) Placing paper in the hatching box, wherein the paper can be newspaper, filter paper or white paper, and putting a piece of cotton in the cotton box after the cotton is wetted by clear water;
2) The hatching box is hung on the Diospyros kaki-litsea tree at the tender leaf at the top of the tree;
3) The hatching condition of eggs is observed every day, water is supplemented in the cotton box, the position is changed once every two days after hatching is started, and the similar hatching time of larvae is ensured.
Further, the method also comprises a breeding process of 1-3 instar larvae of the amber silkworms:
1) Covering an insect cage on the persimmon Jiang Zishu, tying the lower end of the insect cage on the trunk 20-30cm away from the bottom surface, and reversely winding the adhesive tape on the trunk at the position 5-20cm away from the bottom surface;
2) 1 year silkworm can climb to the Diospyros kaki-litsea tree to eat after being hatched, and when the environment is dry, clear water is sprayed on leaves;
3) The growth condition of the amber silkworm larvae is observed every day, and the larvae drop at the bottom of the insect cage carelessly and are transferred to leaves in time.
Further, in S1, the planting density of the persimmon-wood ginger tree is as follows: the distance is set to be 3m, the diameter of the crown is trimmed to be 1m, and the trunk of the amber silkworm after eating is trimmed to be a stump of 50-60 cm.
Further, the incubation conditions were: the breeding condition temperature in the artificial climate box is 26-28 ℃, the illumination brightness period L is as follows, D =16, and the breeding humidity is 60% -70%.
Furthermore, 150-200 larvae of 1-instar amber silkworm can be thrown into each Diospyros pseudo-persimmon litsea-ginger seed tree once for concentrated feeding.
Furthermore, the hatching box is square, the hatching box comprises a chassis, a cotton box, a support rod, a top cover and a top hook, a water storage box capable of storing excessive moisture on cotton is arranged at the bottom of the cotton box, a plurality of air holes are formed in the upper part of the cotton box, and wet cotton is placed in the cotton box; the side of the top cover is provided with a side hook, and the hook is connected to the top cover by four hanging wires.
Furthermore, the insect cage is of a cage type and comprises a mesh cover, an insect cage frame, a binding wire and a zipper door, wherein the mesh cover is a nylon mesh with the mesh density of 80 meshes; the zipper door is two, and two zipper doors are distributed on the symmetrical plane around the mesh enclosure.
The technical scheme of the invention has the effects of simple operation, reasonable design, labor saving and cultivation efficiency improvement, can propagate a large number of populations in the breeding process of the amber silkworms in China, reduce the loss rate of the larvae in the low age stage, provide a breeding method for breeding and popularizing and utilizing the amber silkworms and ensure the industrial needs of the amber silkworms.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hatching cassette in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an insect cage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mesh enclosure of an insect cage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an insect cage shelf according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-chassis, 2-cotton box, 2.1-air vent, 2.2-water storage box, 2.3-steel wire mesh plate, 3-support rod, 4-top cover, 4.1-side hook, 5-top hook, 5.1-hanging wire, 11-mesh cover, 22-insect cage frame, 33-binding wire and 44-zipper door.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A method for feeding living plants to larvae of an amber silkworm comprises the following steps:
s1, planting persimmon Jiang Zishu in a greenhouse, pruning branches with the plant height of 100-150cm and the distance between the lower part of a trunk and the ground of 30-40 cm; the tree form of the persimmon tree Jiang Zishu is trimmed, the persimmon tree can be prevented from growing too high in a greenhouse and being unfavorable for observation after larvae are connected, and the lower portion of a trunk without branches can be better matched with an insect cage.
S2, arranging an 80-mesh insect prevention net 2.00 m high around the greenhouse, and watering the persimmon trees and the ginger trees in the greenhouse once a week; the insect-proof net arranged around the greenhouse can play a role in ventilation, can isolate most other pests or insects, and prevents harm to host plants and amber silkworms.
And S3, covering the periphery of the tree root with grass prevention cloth without spraying herbicide. The weed control cloth can cover the growth of weeds under the roots of the trees, and reduce the operation of farm works.
S4, after the amber silkworms are hatched, breeding 1-3 instar larvae on the Diospyros kaki and Litsea cubeba; diospyros kaki Jiang Zishu is a suitable host plant for the silkworm succinate, and 1-3 instar larvae cannot transfer the host, so that the development is completed on one plant.
In this embodiment: disinfecting and hatching the amber silkworm eggs:
1) After female amber eggs are laid, the eggs are peeled off from the egg cards, and the collected female amber eggs are placed in an artificial climate box; the temperature and humidity and the illumination period can be kept in an artificial climate box, which is beneficial to the growth of the amber silkworm eggs;
2) Storing in a climate box for 7 days, taking out, soaking in 5% formaldehyde solution for 30 s, and washing with clear water for 4-5 times; after the 1 st larva of the amber silkworm is hatched, the behavior of taking and eating egg shells is realized, the egg is disinfected, the development of the egg is not influenced, and microorganisms existing on the surfaces of the egg shells can be eliminated;
3) The eggs are naturally dried in a climatic chamber and then placed in an incubation box.
In this embodiment: the method comprises the following steps of 1 st instar larva inoculation of amber silkworms:
1) Placing paper in the hatching box, wherein the paper can be newspaper, filter paper or white paper, and putting a piece of cotton in the cotton box after the cotton is wetted by clear water;
2) The hatching box is hung on the Diospyros kaki-litsea tree at the tender leaf at the top of the tree; newly hatched 1 st larvae prefer to feed on younger leaves, hanging on top to reduce crawling of the larvae to find host plants.
3) Observing the egg hatching condition every day, supplementing water into the cotton box, and changing the position once every two days after hatching to ensure that the larva hatching time is similar; the arrangement of the cotton box can place wet cotton, provides a relatively wet environment for the periphery of the amber silkworm eggs, is beneficial to hatching the amber silkworm eggs, changes the position once every two days, is suitable for the amber silkworms to have similar development time, and ensures the uniformity.
In this embodiment: the breeding process of 1-3 instar larva of amber silkworm:
1) Covering an insect cage on the persimmon Jiang Zishu, tying the lower end of the insect cage on the trunk 20-30cm away from the bottom surface, and reversely winding the adhesive tape on the trunk at the position 5-20cm away from the bottom surface; adopt the insect-raising cage can provide less space environment for the low-age larva, prevent other insects to cause the influence to amber silkworm simultaneously, the insect-raising cage covers and ties up the trunk at the upper and lower end of false persimmon litsea cubeba and can prevent that amber silkworm larva from dropping on subaerial death carelessly, and the winding sticky tape can prevent subaerial insect to climb to the tree like the ant.
2) 1 year silkworm can climb to the Diospyros kaki-litsea tree to eat after being hatched, and when the environment is dry, clear water is sprayed on leaves; watering trees in the greenhouse does not need to be too frequent, but clear water can be sprayed on leaves if the environment is moderate and low, so that certain moisture required by growth of the amber silkworms is ensured.
3) Observing the growth condition of the amber silkworm larvae every day, and timely transferring the amber silkworm larvae to leaves when the larvae carelessly fall to the bottom of the insect cage; the amber silkworms fall carelessly in the growth process, so that the living condition of the amber silkworms needs to be observed and the amber silkworms are transferred to leaves in time.
In this embodiment: planting density of the artificial persimmon wood and ginger trees: the distance is set to be 3m, the diameter of the crown is trimmed to be 1m, and the trunk of the amber silkworm after eating is trimmed to be a stump of 50-60 cm; the persimmon trees Jiang Zishu are bred aiming at larvae, the distance between trees does not need to be too large, more trees can be planted to breed young amber silkworms, and after the amber silkworms take food, the leaves are taken food, and branches need to be trimmed.
In this embodiment: the conditions in the egg hatching chamber are as follows: the breeding condition temperature in the artificial climate box is 26-28 ℃, the illumination brightness period L is D =16, and the breeding humidity is 60-70%.
In this embodiment: 150-200 larvae of 1-instar amber silkworm can be thrown into each Diospyros pseudo-persimmon litsea-ginger seed tree for centralized feeding; because the feed intake of the larvae in the low age stage is less, the larvae are suitable for concentrated feeding, a relatively large amount of the larvae can be placed on the Diospyros kaki-litsea Zingiber officinale fruit trees, and the larvae of the amber silkworms are transferred when the larvae are in the high age stage.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment: the hatching box is square and comprises a chassis, a cotton box, a support rod, a top cover and a top hook; the bottom of the cotton box is provided with a water storage box which can store excessive moisture on the cotton, the upper part of the cotton box is provided with a plurality of air holes, and moist cotton can be placed inside the cotton box; the lower part adopts a water storage box which can receive excessive moisture on cotton and can not pollute the amber silkworm eggs in the chassis. The side of the top cover is provided with a side hook, and the top hook is connected to the top cover by 4 hanging wires. The hatching box is provided with two hooks which can be matched with different tree shapes for hanging, and the hatching box has more applicability. The hatching box is 8cm long, 8cm wide and 8cm high and is made of hard plastics; the hatching box is made of small-size and hard plastics, has longer service life and is light and convenient and can be hung freely;
in this embodiment: the insect cage is in a cage type and comprises a mesh enclosure, an insect cage frame, a binding wire and a zipper door; the net cover is made of a nylon net, the net density is 80 meshes, and the net cover is not provided with a bottom; the nylon net has lower cost, and no bottom can be conveniently covered on the artificial persimmon litsea cubeba to feed the amber silkworm. The insect cage frame can be made of PVC pipes, stainless steel pipes and angle iron materials, and the shape of the insect cage frame is fixed after the insect cage frame is combined; the insect-raising cage frame adopts a structure which can be detached and installed at any time, and is convenient to store when not in use; the two zipper doors are distributed on the symmetrical surface around the mesh enclosure; the net cover is provided with two zipper doors which can be opened and closed conveniently and are arranged at symmetrical positions, so that the requirement of observing the larva of the amboinensis in different directions of the persimmon tree and the ginger tree can be met, and the growth state of the larva of the amboinensis can be checked in time; the mesh enclosure has a length of 1-1.2m, a width of 1-1.2m, a height of 2-2.2m, a lower opening position of 0.6-0.8m, a top end length of 0.6-0.8m, and a height of 0.8-1.0m.
Example 2
And (5) establishing a greenhouse for planting the Diospyros kaki-litsea. Seedling and growing the litsea pungens until the diameter of the trunk is more than 3cm, transplanting, selecting healthy litsea pungens Jiang Zishu, controlling the tree shape when the trunk grows to be more than 1.5m, and cutting off the tree tip.
And (5) after trimming the persimmon trees and the ginger trees, covering an insect cage. Controlling the tree shape of the Diospyros kaki Thunb to be 1m in crown diameter, trimming branches with the plant height of 100-150cm and the distance of the lower part of the tree to the ground of 30-40 cm.
And (5) disinfecting amber silkworm eggs. Placing the amber silkworm eggs in a climatic chamber, taking out the silkworm eggs after the silkworm eggs develop for 7 days, soaking the silkworm eggs in 5% formaldehyde solution for 30 seconds, washing the silkworm eggs with clear water for 4-5 times, naturally airing the silkworm eggs in the climatic chamber, and placing the silkworm eggs in an incubation box. The breeding condition temperature in the artificial climate box is 26-28 ℃, the illumination brightness period L is D =16, and the breeding humidity is 60-70%.
And (4) placing an incubation box. Placing paper on the hatching box, wherein the paper can be newspaper, filter paper or white paper, and putting a piece of cotton in a cotton box after the cotton is wetted by clear water; the hatching box is hung on the persimmon litsea cubeba tree, and the hanging position is at the tender leaf at the top end of the tree; newly hatched 1 st larvae prefer to feed on younger leaves, hanging on top to reduce crawling of the larvae to find host plants.
And (5) breeding the amber silkworm larvae. The hatching condition of eggs is observed every day, water is supplemented in the cotton box, the position is changed once every two days after hatching is started, and the similar hatching time of larvae is ensured.
Breeding the 4-5 th larva of amber silkworm. As the age of the amber silkworm rises, the amber silkworm has enhanced stress resistance to the environment, and at the moment, the influence of the transfer plant or the replacement of the host plant on the amber silkworm is small. And can be placed on the bigger Diospyros kaki-Litw fruit tree for breeding. Cocoons are formed after the larvae are mature, and the cocoons can be picked and collected after the cocoons are formed and hardened.
Example 3
Effect of different rearing methods on survival rates of 1-3 instar larvae of Bombyx mori
Testing amber silkworms: the stock of amber silkworm to be tested is collected from the Dai nationality of Xishuangbanna, yunnan province, and after the stock is raised for many generations in the resource silkworm plant of the silkworm bee institute of agricultural academy of sciences, yunnan province, the stock is selected to have similar sizes before the test. After the adult amber silkworm eclosion in the seed production room, mating male and female, transferring the female adult silkworm to an egg laying box after mating, letting the female adult silkworm lay eggs for 5 days, and reserving egg grains for later use.
Climate box condition setting: the breeding condition temperature in the artificial climate box is 26-28 ℃, the illumination brightness period L is D =16, and the breeding humidity is 60-70%.
Disinfecting amber silkworm eggs: placing the amber silkworm eggs in a climate box, taking out the silkworm eggs after the silkworm eggs develop for 7 days, soaking the silkworm eggs in 5% formaldehyde solution for 30 seconds, washing the silkworm eggs with clear water for 4-5 times, naturally airing the silkworm eggs in the climate box, and placing the silkworm eggs in an incubation box.
Counting the survival rate of amber: the survival rate of the eggs: after the amber silkworm eggs are put into an incubation box, counting the number of all silkworm eggs, observing the incubation condition of the silkworm eggs every day, withdrawing the silkworm eggs into a room after 7-8 days, observing the shape of the silkworm eggs which are not incubated, if the silkworm eggs are shriveled, not incubating, and recording the number of the silkworm eggs which are not incubated, and the survival rate of the silkworm eggs (%) = (total number of eggs-number of not incubated)/total number of eggs.
Survival rate of 1-3 instar larvae: counting the total number of the amber silkworm larvae in different instars at the beginning of the silkworm, allowing the amber silkworm larvae to feed and grow on a host plant, counting the instar and survival condition of the larvae once every 2 days, counting the number of the remaining larvae when the larvae reach the next instar, and keeping the survival rate of the larvae (%) = the number of the next instar silkworms started/the number of the current instar silkworms.
The test is carried out under two conditions, wherein the first condition is that the branches of the Diospyros kaki Thunb are inserted into a water bottle, an insect cage is placed, the breeding is carried out indoors, and the branches of the Diospyros kaki Thunb are replaced every day; and the second condition is that the Diospyros kaki Thunb is raised in a greenhouse, and the Diospyros kaki Thunb is raised in a cage by using living plants. The temperature and humidity conditions under the two conditions are similar.
And (3) test results: the test results show that the survival rate of 1-3 instar amber silkworm larvae bred indoors by adopting the Diospyros kaki-litsea is lower than that of the living plant breeding of the invention, and the survival rate of the silkworm larvae bred indoors by adopting the Diospyros kaki-litsea is 7-14% at different instars (Table 1). Under the two conditions, the leaves of the litsea cubeba are wilted due to the fact that the branches of the litsea cubeba are easy to lose water, the amber silkworm larvae take less food, and the larvae are easy to lose in the transfer process due to the fact that the artificial persimmon litsea cubeba needs to be replaced every day, and the survival rate of the larvae is reduced. The plant outer cage is covered with the gauze, prevents that other insects from causing the interference to amber silkworm larva, and the trunk twines the sticky tape down can prevent effectively that the ant from climbing the branch and interfering amber silkworm growth, reduces the mortality.
TABLE 1 survival rate of 1-3 instar of amber silkworm
Example 4
Feeding 1-3-year old silkworm with Dioscorea pseudopersimmon
The operation methods of testing amber silkworms, setting the climatic chamber conditions, disinfecting the amber silkworm eggs, and the like are the same as those of example 2.
Statistics of amber development duration: selecting 100 larvae of 1-instar amber silkworm hatched on the same day after hatching the amber silkworm, grafting the 100 larvae with leaves of the Diospyros kaki Thunb and Diospyros kaki Thunb under two conditions, setting that the first condition is that the branches of the Diospyros kaki Thunb and Diospyros kaki Thunb are inserted into a water bottle, placing into an insect cage, breeding indoors, and replacing the branches of the Diospyros kaki Thunb and Diospyros kaki Thunb every day; and the second condition is that the Diospyros kaki Thunb is raised in a greenhouse, and the Diospyros kaki Thunb is raised in a cage by using living plants. The temperature and humidity conditions under the two conditions are similar. The growth and development conditions of the amber silkworm larvae are observed every day, and after more than 95% of the larvae enter the next age period, the development history of the current age period is recorded. In order to facilitate recording, the amber silkworm larvae entering the next instar at each head are transferred to a new plant during the test, and the development history of the next instar is recorded.
And (3) test results: as shown by the above test results, the growth history of the amber silkworm larvae at different instars raised indoors is longer than that of the living plant of the present invention (Table 2). When the young larvae are bred indoors, a long time is needed for completing one instar period, and when the living plants are bred, the instar period of the larvae tends to be shortened. The result is that when the amber silkworm eats the host plant, the leaves of the plant fed indoors are easy to wilting, and the growth time of the amber silkworm is indirectly influenced because the feeding speed is slowed down. When living plants are raised, the plants do not have wilting condition, and the amber silkworm larvae stop taking fresh leaves to better finish development.
Amber silkworm is a diversified insect, and can generate a plurality of generations in one year to overwinter by pupa. The amber silkworm is grown from one generation (egg to adult) in summer (26-35 deg.C) for 52-55 days. Wherein the egg period is 8-12 days, the larva sleeps for four days for 25-35 days, and the pupal period is 18-28 days. Adult male moth for 5-7 days, female moth for 7-12 days.
TABLE 2 growth course of Succinum silkworm larva at each stage
Although the method and the structure of the present invention are described in detail, the method and the structure of the present invention can be used for breeding silkworm moths such as green-tail silkworm moth, long-tail silkworm moth, etc. by slightly adjusting the size and the shape of the breeding cage, the planting conditions of the artificial persimmon and ginger tree, etc.
The invention adopts the persimmon Jiang Zishu as the host plant of the young larva, and the larva can better finish the growth and development after eating. The host plants are planted in the greenhouse, the growth of the host plants can be controlled to a certain degree, and the insect-proof net is arranged around the greenhouse, so that the influence of other pests or natural enemies on the trees and the amber can be prevented. The grass-prevention cloth is laid on the bottom surface of the planted persimmon tree and ginger tree to prevent weeds from growing to affect the tree. Eggs are incubated under temperature and humidity control indoors, the incubation time can be controlled, and the eggs are suspended on trees by using incubation boxes when being incubated, so that 1-instar larvae can quickly find host plants to eat after being incubated, and the damage to the 1-instar larvae caused by artificial repeated transfer is reduced; the bottom of the hatching box is used for placing the amber silkworm eggs, the cotton box can provide humidity for the relatively small environment of the hatching box, and the top of the hatching box is provided with the top cover which can prevent direct sunlight and can place sundries to fall into the chassis; the insect cage is used for protecting 1-3 instar larvae, so that spiders can be prevented from entering the insect cage, and the adhesive tape is reversely wound on the trunk to prevent ants from climbing the trunk to attack amber silkworms; the insect breeding cage is designed to be free of a bottom surface, so that the insect breeding cage can be easily covered on a pseudo-persimmon litsea cubeba tree, the lower end of the insect breeding cage can be tied to a trunk to form a relatively closed space, and larvae can not directly fall on the bottom even if the larvae fall carelessly and can be found in time; the both sides that the insect feeding cage is relative all are provided with the zip fastener door, the growth condition of looking over the larva of opening that can be convenient, if in time handle that the larva probably appears in growing drop, density is too big, count scheduling problem. The insect-raising cage adopts the detachable shelf, can be better retrieve and assemble, and shelf and insect-raising cage use under the different planting conditions of cooperation adaptation that independent structure can be random, have stronger suitability. The method has the advantages of simple operation, reasonable design, saving of manual labor force and improvement of breeding efficiency, can expand a large number of populations in the breeding process of the amber silkworms in China, reduce the loss rate of the larvae in the low age stage, provides a breeding method for breeding and popularization and utilization of the amber silkworms and guarantees the industrial needs of the amber silkworms.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for feeding living plants to larvae of an amber silkworm, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, planting persimmon trees Jiang Zishu in a greenhouse, pruning branches with the plant height of 100-150cm and the distance between the lower parts of the trees and the ground being 30-40 cm;
s2, arranging an 80-mesh insect prevention net 2.00 m high around the greenhouse, and watering the persimmon trees and the ginger trees in the greenhouse once a week;
s3, covering the periphery of the tree roots with grass prevention cloth without spraying herbicide;
and S4, after the amber silkworms are hatched, breeding 1-3 instar larvae on the Diospyros kaki and Litsea cubeba.
2. The method for rearing an amber silkworm larva according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of disinfecting and hatching an amber silkworm egg:
1) After female amber eggs are laid, the eggs are peeled off from the egg cards, and the collected female amber eggs are placed in an artificial climate box;
2) Storing in a climate box for 7 days, taking out, soaking in 5% formaldehyde solution for 30 s, and washing with clear water for 4-5 times;
3) And naturally airing the eggs in a climate box, and then placing the eggs in an incubation box.
3. The method for rearing a larva of an amber silkworm as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of inoculating a 1 st instar larva of an amber silkworm:
1) Placing paper in the hatching box, wherein the paper can be newspaper, filter paper or white paper, and putting a piece of cotton in the cotton box after the cotton is wetted by clear water;
2) The hatching box is hung on the Diospyros kaki-litsea tree at the tender leaf at the top of the tree;
3) The hatching condition of eggs is observed every day, water is supplemented in the cotton box, the position is changed once every two days after hatching is started, and the similar hatching time of larvae is ensured.
4. The method for rearing a larva of an amber silkworm of a living plant according to claim 1, further comprising a rearing process of 1 to 3 instar larvae of an amber silkworm:
1) Covering an insect cage on the persimmon Jiang Zishu, tying the lower end of the insect cage on the trunk 20-30cm away from the bottom surface, and reversely winding the adhesive tape on the trunk at the position 5-20cm away from the bottom surface;
2) 1 year silkworms after hatching can automatically crawl onto the persimmon litsea cubeba to eat, and when the environment is dry, clear water is sprayed on leaves;
3) The growth condition of the amber silkworm larvae is observed every day, and the larvae drop at the bottom of the insect cage carelessly and are transferred to leaves in time.
5. The method for rearing larvae of Bombyx mori as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the planting density of the Diospyros kaki Thunb: the distance is set to be 3m, the diameter of the crown is trimmed to be 1m, and the trunk of the amber silkworm after eating is trimmed to be a stump of 50-60 cm.
6. The method for rearing a larva of an amber silkworm as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hatching conditions are: the breeding condition temperature in the artificial climate box is 26-28 ℃, the illumination brightness period L is that D =16, and the breeding humidity is 60% -70%.
7. The method for rearing larvae of Bombyx mori by using living plants according to claim 1, wherein 150 to 200 larvae per Pseudopersimmon/Zingiber officinale (L.) Rosc can be reared in a concentrated manner in 1-instar Bombyx mori.
8. The method for rearing amber silkworm larvae through living plants according to claim 2, wherein the hatching box is square and comprises a bottom plate, a cotton box, a support rod, a top cover and a top hook, the bottom of the cotton box is provided with a water storage box capable of storing excessive moisture on cotton, the upper part of the cotton box is provided with a plurality of air vents, and wet cotton is placed inside the cotton box; the side of the top cover is provided with a side hook, and the hook is connected to the top cover by four hanging wires.
9. The method for rearing living amber silkworm larvae according to claim 4, wherein the insect cage is a cage type, the insect cage comprises a mesh enclosure, an insect cage shelf, a binding wire and a zipper door, and the mesh enclosure is made of a nylon mesh with a mesh density of 80 meshes; the zipper door is two, and two zipper doors are distributed on the symmetrical plane around the mesh enclosure.
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