CN115349434A - Fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115349434A CN115349434A CN202210950515.2A CN202210950515A CN115349434A CN 115349434 A CN115349434 A CN 115349434A CN 202210950515 A CN202210950515 A CN 202210950515A CN 115349434 A CN115349434 A CN 115349434A
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 241001247821 Ziziphus Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000008866 Ziziphus nummularia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004938 stress stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008529 Ziziphus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fruit tree irrigation and comprising a fusiform infiltrating irrigation pipe body; the upper part of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is provided with an outward flange and a water inlet; the pipe wall of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is provided with a plurality of water outlets; a substrate layer is arranged on the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body; the matrix layer is filled with several punched jujube kernels. According to the distribution density and position of the root systems of the fruit trees, the infiltrating irrigation pipe bodies are of a fusiform tubular structure, the pipe bodies in areas with dense root systems are thick, the pipe bodies in areas with sparse root systems are thin, and the utilization efficiency of water can be effectively improved; rainwater can be collected through the water inlet, and water can be manually injected; the perforated date pit is filled to form a matrix layer, new roots can be attracted into the date pit through the small holes, and the small holes limit the thickness of the root system, so that adversity stimulation is generated, and the reproductive growth capacity and the fruit quality of fruit trees are improved. The whole structure is simple, the realization is easy, and the practicability is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree irrigation, and particularly relates to a vertical fruit tree infiltrating irrigation device and a using method thereof.
Background
In the planting process of fruit trees, in order to ensure the normal growth of the fruit trees, the fruit trees need to be irrigated to ensure the water and nutrient substances required by the fruit trees.
The existing water-saving irrigation mode is to lay water pipes, water hoses and the like on the ground or buried underground, and all the water pipes, the water hoses and the like are laid horizontally. Capillary roots with the strongest absorption capacity of the root system of the fruit tree are usually positioned at a certain depth below the ground (such as 30-50cm for jujube trees and 40-70cm for apples). Therefore, the water pipes and the water hoses which are horizontally laid supply water from top to bottom, so that not only is water resource waste caused, but also secondary salinization of soil is caused due to ground evaporation. Under the condition that water resources are increasingly lacked, the utilization rate of the water resources is improved, particularly rainwater can be collected and stored, and a new technology and new equipment for supplying water to tree roots when the trees are dry have important application value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees and a using method thereof, which can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water; rainwater can be collected through the water inlet, and water can be injected manually; the perforated date pits are filled to form a matrix layer, so that new roots of the fruit trees can be attracted into the date pits through the small holes, and the small holes limit the thickness of the root system, so that adversity stimulation is generated, and the reproductive growth capacity and the fruit quality of the fruit trees are improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme on one hand:
a fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device comprises a fusiform infiltrating irrigation pipe body which can be vertically buried around the root of a fruit tree; the upper part of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is provided with an outward flange and forms a water inlet; the pipe wall of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is provided with a plurality of water outlets; a substrate layer is arranged on the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body; the matrix layer is filled with several punched jujube kernels.
The invention is further improved in that a rotatable second mounting plate and an elastic supporting piece capable of expanding the second mounting plate are arranged in the water outlet; a water absorption expansion body which can induce the moisture of the substrate layer is arranged in the water outlet; the water-absorbing expansion body absorbs water to expand and can push the second mounting plate to rotate so as to seal the water outlet.
The invention is further improved in that the inner side and the outer side of the water outlet are respectively provided with an inner sealing plate and a third pore plate; the inner sealing plate comprises a first mounting plate and a first pore plate which are connected; one side of the first pore plate, which is far away from the first mounting plate, is connected with the middle part of the third pore plate to form an arc-shaped plate with holes; one side of the second mounting plate is rotatably connected and mounted with the first mounting plate, and the other side of the second mounting plate is attached to the surface of the arc-shaped plate; the elastic supporting piece is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the water absorption expansion body is arranged in a space formed by the third pore plate, the arc-shaped plate, the second mounting plate and the wall of the water outlet hole in a surrounding manner.
The invention is further improved by the elastic supporting piece being of a torsion spring type structure.
The invention further improves that the arc-shaped plate comprises a third mounting plate and a second orifice plate which are connected with each other; the third mounting panel is connected with one side that first orifice plate kept away from first mounting panel, and the second orifice plate is connected with the third orifice plate.
The invention further improves that the water-absorbing expansion body is of a spherical structure.
The invention is further improved in that a water inlet control device is arranged at the position of the water inlet; the water inlet control device comprises a lifting plate; a spring which is abutted against the side wall of the water inlet is supported at the lower side of the lifting plate; and a plugging plate capable of fitting the upper part of the lifting plate in a limiting manner is further arranged on the side wall of the water inlet.
The invention is further improved in that a filter screen is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet control device.
The invention further improves that the jujube pit adopts transverse perforation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a use method of the fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transversely punching the jujube pits, and injecting a mixture of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water into the jujube pits;
step two: digging a pit with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening which are slightly larger than the infiltrating irrigation pipe body at a proper position of the lower soil of the fruit tree, and vertically inserting the infiltrating irrigation pipe body into the pit to ensure that the water inlet of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is upward and slightly lower than the ground; the diameter of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body corresponds to the longitudinal distribution density of the root system of the fruit tree;
step three: filling jujube seeds to the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body to form a matrix layer;
step four: manually replenishing water or collecting rainwater from a water inlet, filtering water through a filter screen, pressing a lifting plate under the gravity, and separating the lifting plate from a plugging plate to enable the water to enter the infiltrating irrigation pipe body for storage;
when the substrate layer is dry, the water-absorbing expansion body is shrunk, the second mounting plate is in an open state under the elastic support of the elastic support, and water sequentially passes through the first pore plate, the second pore plate and the third pore plate and enters the substrate layer; replenishing water to the root system of the fruit tree through the substrate layer;
along with the increase of the water content of the substrate layer, the water absorption expansion body absorbs water to expand, the second mounting plate is pressed to overcome the elastic force of the elastic supporting piece to rotate, the second mounting plate is contacted with the third mounting plate, the water outlet is sealed, and water supply to the fruit trees is stopped.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the whole structure is simple, the realization is easy, and the practicability is good. According to the distribution density and position of the root system of the fruit tree, the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is in a fusiform tubular structure, the two ends of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body are thin, the middle of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is thick, when the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is buried in the soil layer, the place where the capillary roots are dense is thick, the place where the capillary roots are sparse is thin, and the utilization efficiency of water can be effectively improved; rainwater can be collected through the water inlet with the larger opening, so that the rainwater can be effectively utilized, and manual water injection can also be carried out; the perforated jujube core is filled to form a matrix layer, and new roots can be attracted into the jujube core through the small holes. Along with the extension and thickening of the tree root, the space in the jujube core and the limited diameter of the small hole on the jujube core can limit the growth of the root system to generate stress stimulation, and after the plant is subjected to the stress stimulation, the expression of related stress-resistant genes and protein is regulated through series signal molecules, so that the form and physiological and biochemical levels of the plant are changed to adapt to the stress; the change of the self-shape and the physiological and biochemical level is beneficial to improving the reproductive growth capacity and the fruit quality of the fruit trees.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an infiltrating irrigation pipe body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the water outlet opening state according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a water outlet blocking state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the punching of the date core according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1. the infiltrating irrigation pipe comprises an infiltrating irrigation pipe body, 11 parts of a plugging plate, 12 parts of a water outlet, 13 parts of a first mounting plate, 14 parts of a second mounting plate, 15 parts of a third mounting plate, 16 parts of a first pore plate, 17 parts of a second pore plate, 18 parts of a third pore plate, 19 parts of an elastic supporting part, 2 parts of a matrix layer, 3 parts of a filter screen, 4 parts of a water inlet control device, 41 parts of a lifting plate, 42 parts of a spring, 5 parts of a water absorption expansion body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
As shown in figures 1-2, the invention discloses a vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees, which comprises a fusiform infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 capable of being vertically buried around the root of a fruit tree; the upper part of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 is provided with an outward flange and forms a water inlet; the pipe wall of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 is provided with a plurality of water outlets 12; a substrate layer 2 is arranged on the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1; the matrix layer 2 is filled with several punched jujube cores.
According to the distribution density and position of the root system of the fruit tree, the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 is in a fusiform tubular structure, the two ends of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body are thin, the middle of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is thick, when the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is buried in a soil layer, the place where capillary roots are dense is thick, the place where the capillary roots are sparse is thin, and the utilization efficiency of water can be effectively improved; rainwater can be collected through the water inlet with the larger opening, so that the rainwater can be effectively utilized, and manual water injection can also be carried out; the perforated jujube core is filled to form a matrix layer 2, and new roots can be attracted into the jujube core through the small holes. Along with the extension and thickening of the tree root, the space in the jujube core and the limited diameter of the small hole on the jujube core can limit the growth of the root system to generate stress stimulation, and after the plant is stimulated by the stress, the expression of related stress-resistant genes and proteins is regulated through series of signal molecules, so that the form and physiological and biochemical level of the plant are changed to adapt to the stress; the change of the self-shape and the physiological and biochemical level is beneficial to improving the reproductive growth capacity and the fruit quality of the fruit trees. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization and good practicability.
Wherein, according to the characteristics of different fruit trees, the hole diameter of the jujube pit is 0.6-1.5mm.
Wherein, a rotatable second mounting plate 14 and an elastic supporting piece 19 which can expand the second mounting plate 14 are arranged in the water outlet 12; a water-absorbing expansion body 5 is also arranged in the water outlet 12; the water expansion body 5 expands after absorbing water, can push the second mounting plate 14 to rotate, seals the water outlet 12, and realizes automatic adjustment of the water outlet 12. The water-absorbing expansion body 5 senses the moisture in the matrix layer 2, when the matrix layer 2 is dry, the water-absorbing expansion body 5 is in a contracted state, the elastic supporting piece 19 supports the second mounting plate 14 to realize the communication of the water outlet 12, and the moisture in the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 can enter the matrix layer 2 through the water outlet 12 to provide moisture for the root system of the fruit tree; when the moisture in the substrate layer 2 reaches a certain humidity, the water absorption expansion body 5 absorbs water to expand and extrudes the second mounting plate 14, so that the second mounting plate 14 blocks the water outlet 12, and the water supply is stopped; automatic water replenishing is realized during drought, water replenishing is automatically stopped during wetting, the utilization efficiency of water resources is realized, and good growth of fruit trees is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3-4, an inner sealing plate and a third pore plate 18 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the water outlet 12; the inner sealing plate comprises a first mounting plate 13 and a first pore plate 16 which are connected, wherein the upper part of the inner sealing plate is not perforated, and the lower part of the inner sealing plate is perforated, so that the first pore plate 16 at the lower side and the first mounting plate 13 at the upper side are formed; an arc-shaped plate is connected with the middle position of the third pore plate 18 at the lower edge of the first pore plate 16; the arc-shaped plate comprises a third mounting plate 15 and a second pore plate 17 which are connected, holes are formed in the outer side of the arc-shaped plate, and holes are not formed in the inner side of the arc-shaped plate, so that the second pore plate 17 in the outer side and the third mounting plate 15 in the inner side are formed; the third mounting plate 15 is connected with the lower edge of the first orifice plate 16, and the second orifice plate 17 is connected with the middle of the third orifice plate 18; the shape of the arc-shaped plate is matched with the rotation track of the edge of the second mounting plate 14, namely, when the second mounting plate 14 rotates, the edge of the arc-shaped plate is always attached to the upper side of the arc-shaped plate. The upper side of the second mounting plate 14 is rotatably connected with the middle part of the first mounting plate 13 (can be flexibly connected), and the lower edge of the second mounting plate 14 is always attached to the upper surface of the arc-shaped plate and can freely slide along the surface of the arc-shaped plate; the elastic supporting piece 19 is of a torsion spring type structure and is provided with two supporting arms which are arranged between the first mounting plate 13 and the second mounting plate 14 and are respectively attached and connected with the second mounting plate 14 and the first mounting plate 13; the water-absorbing expansion body 5 is arranged in a space formed by enclosing the inner side of the third pore plate 18, the upper side of the second pore plate 17, the outer side of the second mounting plate 14 and the pore wall of the water outlet 12.
The water absorption expansion body 5 is used for sensing the moisture in the substrate layer 2 through the upper half section of the third pore plate 18, when the substrate layer 2 is dry, the water absorption expansion body 5 is in a shrinking state, the elastic supporting piece 19 is used for supporting the second mounting plate 14, the second mounting plate 14 reaches the position shown in figure 3, the moisture in the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 sequentially penetrates through the first pore plate 16, the second pore plate 17 and the third pore plate 18 to enter the substrate layer 2, and the water is replenished to the root system of the fruit tree through the substrate layer 2. When the moisture in the substrate layer 2 reaches a certain humidity, the water absorption expansion body 5 absorbs water and expands to extrude the second mounting plate 14, the lower edge of the second mounting plate 14 is attached to the upper side of the third mounting plate 15, so that the second mounting plate 14 blocks the water outlet 12, the water supply is stopped, and the position of the second mounting plate 14 is shown in fig. 4. Therefore, automatic water replenishing during drought and automatic water replenishing during wetting can be realized, the high-efficiency utilization efficiency of water resources is realized, and the good growth of fruit trees is ensured.
The water absorption expansion bodies 5 are of spherical structures and are arranged in a plurality of shapes, the polyacrylamide is adopted, the smoothness of the contraction and expansion process is guaranteed by the aid of the spherical water absorption expansion bodies 5, excessive mutual friction is avoided, and the reliability and convenience of use are guaranteed; the water-absorbing expansion body 5 is not limited to polyacrylamide material, and includes all materials with water-absorbing expansion and water loss contraction characteristics.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a water inlet control device 4 is arranged at the position of the water inlet; the water inlet control device 4 comprises a horizontal lifting plate 41; a spring 42 which is abutted with the side wall of the water inlet is supported at the lower side of the lifting plate 41; and a plugging plate 11 which can fit and limit the upper part of the lifting plate 41 is also arranged on the side wall of the water inlet. The upper part of the water inlet control device 4 is provided with a filter screen 3. Manually replenishing water or collecting rainwater from a water inlet, filtering water through the filter screen 3, pressing the lifting plate 41 downwards under the self weight of the water, separating the lifting plate 41 from the plugging plate 11, and enabling the water to enter the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 through a separation gap for storage, so as to ensure that the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 has enough water; when no water exists on the upper side of the water inlet control device 4, the lifting plate 41 is attached and sealed with the plugging plate 11 under the elasticity of the spring 42, and is combined with the primary filtering of the filter screen 3 to prevent impurities from entering the inside of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 to block the water outlet 12.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 5, the jujube core is perforated transversely, and a mixture of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water is injected into the jujube core. The ideal chemical composition of illite is K <1 (Al, R2 +) 2[ (Si, al) Si3O10] [ OH ] 2. NH2O, and the crystal mainly belongs to a monoclinic system hydrous layered structure silicate mineral. In the formula, R < 2+ > represents divalent metal cations, mainly including Mg < 2+ >, fe < 2+ > and the like, and is a natural fertilizer, illite can absorb potassium from a potassium fertilizer and enables the potassium to be stored in the interlayer, and the illite has no expansibility and plasticity. The mixture of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water is injected into the jujube kernels through the holes, so that water and fertilizer can be supplied to the root systems of the fruit trees for a longer time than soil, new roots can be attracted into the winter jujube kernels through the small holes to generate adversity stimulation, and the fruit yield and quality can be improved.
The mass ratio of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water is 2-4: 1:1:3 to 4.
The invention also discloses a use method of the fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transversely punching the date pits, and injecting a mixture of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water into the date pits;
step two: digging a pit with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening which are slightly larger than the infiltrating irrigation pipe body at a proper position of the lower soil of the fruit tree, and vertically inserting the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 into the pit to ensure that the water inlet of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is upward and slightly lower than the ground; the diameter size of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 corresponds to the longitudinal distribution density of the fruit tree root system, namely, the part with larger diameter corresponds to the position with larger distribution density of the fruit tree root system, and the part with smaller diameter corresponds to the position with smaller distribution density of the fruit tree root system;
step three: filling jujube seeds outside the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 to form a matrix layer 2;
step four: manually replenishing water or collecting rainwater from a water inlet, filtering water through the filter screen 3, pressing the lifting plate 41 downwards under the action of gravity, and separating the lifting plate 41 from the plugging plate 11 to enable the water to enter the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 for storage; when the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 is full of water or the upper part of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is anhydrous, the lifting plate 41 is in contact with the plugging plate 11 to prevent water from evaporating;
when the substrate layer 2 is dried, the water-absorbing expansion body 5 is shrunk, the second mounting plate 14 is in an open state under the elastic support of the elastic support piece 19, and water sequentially passes through the first pore plate 16, the second pore plate 17 and the third pore plate 18 and enters the substrate layer 2; the root system of the fruit tree is replenished with water through the substrate layer 2;
along with the increase of the water content of the substrate layer 2, the water absorption expansion body 5 absorbs water to expand, presses the second mounting plate 14 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic support piece 19 to rotate, contacts with the third mounting plate 15, seals the water outlet 12 and stops supplying water to fruit trees.
According to the vertical infiltrating irrigation device for the fruit trees and the using method thereof, the infiltrating irrigation pipe body 1 is in a fusiform tubular structure according to the distribution density and position of the root system of the fruit trees, the two ends of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body are thin, the middle of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is thick, when the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is buried in a soil layer, the place where capillary roots are dense is thick, the place where the capillary roots are sparse is thin, and the water utilization efficiency can be effectively improved; rainwater can be collected through the water inlet with the larger opening, so that the rainwater can be effectively utilized, and manual water injection can also be carried out; the perforated jujube core is filled to form a matrix layer 2, and new roots can be attracted into the jujube core through the small holes. Along with the extension and thickening of the tree root, the space in the jujube core and the limited diameter of the small hole on the jujube core can limit the growth of the root system to generate stress stimulation, and after the plant is stimulated by the stress, the expression of related stress-resistant genes and proteins is regulated through series of signal molecules, so that the form and physiological and biochemical level of the plant are changed to adapt to the stress; the change of the self-shape and the physiological and biochemical level is beneficial to improving the reproductive growth capacity and the fruit quality of the fruit trees. The whole device is simple in structure, easy to realize and good in practicability.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The terms "upper", "lower", "outside", "inside" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used for distinguishing relative relationships in position, if any, and are not necessarily given qualitatively. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees is characterized by comprising a fusiform infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) which can be vertically buried around the root of a fruit tree; the upper part of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) is provided with an outward flange and forms a water inlet; the pipe wall of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) is provided with a plurality of water outlets (12); a substrate layer (2) is arranged on the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1); the matrix layer (2) is filled with a plurality of perforated date pits.
2. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein a rotatable second mounting plate (14) and an elastic supporting piece (19) capable of expanding the second mounting plate (14) are installed in the water outlet (12); a water-absorbing expansion body (5) for sensing the moisture of the substrate layer (2) is also arranged in the water outlet (12); the water absorption expansion body (5) absorbs water to expand and can push the second mounting plate (14) to rotate so as to seal the water outlet (12).
3. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inside and outside of the water outlet (12) are respectively provided with an inner sealing plate and a third pore plate (18); the inner sealing plate comprises a first mounting plate (13) and a first orifice plate (16) which are connected; one side of the first pore plate (16) far away from the first mounting plate (13) is connected with the middle part of the third pore plate (18) to form an arc-shaped plate with holes; one side of the second mounting plate (14) is rotatably connected and mounted with the first mounting plate (13), and the other side of the second mounting plate is attached to the surface of the arc-shaped plate; the elastic supporting piece (19) is arranged between the first mounting plate (13) and the second mounting plate (14); the water absorption expansion body (5) is arranged in a space formed by enclosing the hole walls of the third hole plate (18), the arc-shaped plate, the second mounting plate (14) and the water outlet (12).
4. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees of claim 3, wherein the elastic support member (19) is of a torsion spring type structure.
5. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees according to claim 3, wherein the arc-shaped plate comprises a third mounting plate (15) and a second hole plate (17) which are connected; the third mounting plate (15) is connected with one side of the first pore plate (16) far away from the first mounting plate (13), and the second pore plate (17) is connected with the third pore plate (18).
6. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees of claim 3, wherein the water-absorbing expansion body (5) is of a spherical structure.
7. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees of claim 1, wherein a water inlet control device (4) is arranged at the position of the water inlet; the water inlet control device (4) comprises a lifting plate (41); a spring (42) which is abutted against the side wall of the water inlet is supported on the lower side of the lifting plate (41); the side wall of the water inlet is also provided with a plugging plate (11) which can fit and limit the upper part of the lifting plate (41).
8. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees of claim 7, wherein a filter screen (3) is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet control device (4).
9. The vertical infiltrating irrigation device for fruit trees of claim 1, wherein the jujube pits are perforated transversely.
10. The use method of the fruit tree vertical infiltrating irrigation device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transversely punching the jujube pits, and injecting a mixture of illite, brown sugar, rice vinegar and water into the jujube pits;
step two: digging a pit with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening which are slightly larger than the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) at a proper position of the lower soil of the fruit tree, and vertically inserting the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) into the pit to ensure that the water inlet of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body is upward and slightly lower than the ground; the diameter size of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) corresponds to the longitudinal distribution density of the root system of the fruit tree;
step three: filling jujube seeds to the outer side of the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1) to form a matrix layer (2);
step four: manually replenishing water or collecting rainwater from a water inlet, filtering water through the filter screen (3), pressing the lifting plate (41) under the gravity, separating the lifting plate (41) from the plugging plate (11), and storing the water in the infiltrating irrigation pipe body (1); when the substrate layer (2) is dry, the water-absorbing expansion body (5) is shrunk, the second mounting plate (14) is in an open state under the elastic support of the elastic support piece (19), and water sequentially penetrates through the first pore plate (16), the second pore plate (17) and the third pore plate (18) to enter the substrate layer (2); the root system of the fruit tree is replenished with water through the substrate layer (2);
along with the increase of the water content of the substrate layer (2), the water absorption expansion body (5) absorbs water to expand, presses the second mounting plate (14) to overcome the elastic force of the elastic support piece (19) to rotate, contacts with the third mounting plate (15), seals the water outlet (12) and stops supplying water to fruit trees.
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| CN115349434B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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