CN115318401B

CN115318401B - Crusher

Info

Publication number: CN115318401B
Application number: CN202210162013.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伯施·多纳特·米开勒
Original assignee: Sid Machinery Beijing Co ltd
Current assignee: Sid Machinery Beijing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-22
Filing date: 2022-02-22
Publication date: 2023-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-22
Also published as: WO2023159854A1; CN115318401A

Abstract

The application provides a crusher, which comprises a crushing box, wherein at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box; at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas; the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing zones is different from the cutting assemblies in the other crushing zones; the at least two crushing zones crush the target material simultaneously and independently. Through setting up the crushing district of different crushing sizes in the breaker to realize carrying out the breakage of different size materials in a breaker, and then improve the crushing efficiency of breaker, reduce equipment quantity, reduce use and maintenance cost.

Description

Crusher

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of material crushing treatment, in particular to a crusher.

Background

In the field of solid waste pretreatment, waste needs to be crushed into different sizes according to the scene of solid waste pretreatment. Crushing large-size materials into small-size materials can be continuously and repeatedly performed in a coarse crusher until the expected granularity is achieved, but the method can cause low crushing efficiency, time consumption and higher energy consumption; when crushing directly in a fine crusher, the risk of clogging of the fine crusher is increased due to large and hard material, and the yield is low, the energy consumption is high, and the maintenance cost is high; if a coarse crusher and a fine crusher are adopted for two-stage crushing, two independent machines are combined with auxiliary equipment (including a conveyor and the like), but due to the large number of the equipment, the whole system occupies a larger area, the investment is higher, the consumption is high, and the reliability is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to solve the technical problem of providing a crusher so as to improve crushing efficiency and reduce blocking risks and maintenance cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

an embodiment of the present application provides a crusher, comprising a crushing tank,

at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box;

at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas;

the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing zones is different from the cutting assemblies in the other crushing zones;

the at least two crushing zones crush the target material simultaneously and independently.

Optionally, each crushing zone corresponds to a respective feed inlet.

Optionally, the cutting assembly includes:

a rotor mounted in the crushing tank;

a plurality of moving blades provided on the rotor;

a plurality of fixed cutters which are arranged at two sides of the rotor and correspond to the movable cutters; and

a driving device for driving the rotor to rotate;

the movable knife is matched with the fixed knife to realize the tearing, shearing and extrusion of the target material.

Optionally, at least one of the type and the gauge of the moving blade in the at least two crushing zones is different.

Optionally, at least one of the type and gauge of the stationary knife in the at least two crushing zones is different.

Optionally, a partition plate is arranged between two adjacent crushing areas in the at least two crushing areas.

Optionally, the at least two crushing zones comprise:

a first crushing zone; and

a second crushing zone arranged side by side with the first crushing zone;

the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone.

Optionally, the at least two crushing zones comprise: the first crushing zone, the second crushing zone and the third crushing zone are arranged side by side;

the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone, the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone, and the cutting assembly in the third crushing zone are different.

Optionally, the movable knife of the crushing area is a hook tooth type knife, and the fixed knife is a comb plate.

Optionally, the movable knife and the fixed knife of the crushing area are detachable square cutters.

Optionally, when the movable knife of the crushing area is a detachable square knife, a screen is arranged below the crushing area.

The scheme of the application at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

according to the scheme, at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box; at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas; the cutting components in at least one crushing zone of the at least two crushing zones are different from the cutting components in other crushing zones, materials with different specifications are crushed through different crushing zones, large-size and hard materials are crushed with small-size and flexible materials in a partitioning mode, so that compatibility and crushing efficiency of the crusher are improved, blocking risks are reduced, different crushing functional zones are integrated in one device, the number of the devices is reduced, the occupied area of the whole system is small, and investment is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a crushing zone having two different crushing sizes provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crushing zone having two cutting assemblies according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a two crushing zone cutting assembly with differently shaped moving blades provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a crushing zone having two cutting assemblies according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a crushing zone having three crushing zones provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screen disposed below a crushing zone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a crushing section arrangement baffle structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is another view schematically illustrating a structure of a partition plate for providing a crushing section according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a first crushing zone; 2. a second crushing zone; 3. a third crushing zone; 4. a crushing box; 5. a driving device; 6. a screen; 7. a partition plate; 8. a hopper; 9. a rotor; 10. a movable knife; 11. a fixed cutter; 12. and (3) cutting edges.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1-7, an embodiment of the present application proposes a crusher, comprising a crushing tank 4, wherein at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing tank 4; at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas; the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing zones is different from the cutting assemblies in the other crushing zones, the at least two crushing zones crushing the target material simultaneously and independently.

In the embodiment, at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box 4, and at least one crushing area is different from the other crushing areas in crushing size of the target materials, so that the same crusher can crush the target materials with different sizes according to the size requirement of the target materials, and large-sized and hard materials are crushed with small-sized and flexible materials in a partitioning manner, so that the compatibility and the crushing efficiency of the crusher are improved, and the blocking risk is reduced; each crushing zone of the at least two crushing zones can independently and simultaneously perform crushing operation, and only part of crushing zones can be operated aiming at materials with different sizes, so that the utilization rate of the crusher is improved, and the working energy consumption is reduced;

at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas, and the crushing size of the target material by at least one cutting assembly of each of the at least two crushing areas is different from the crushing size of the target material by the cutting assemblies of the other crushing areas; materials with different specifications are crushed through cutting assemblies in different crushing areas, and meanwhile, the crushing areas with different crushing functions are integrated in one crusher, so that the equipment quantity and the occupied area of the whole system are reduced, and the investment cost and the use and maintenance cost of the equipment are further reduced.

The different crushers in the crushing box are mutually noninterfere, can independently feed and crush, and materials received by different crushing areas can not enter other crushing areas so as to avoid the interference crushing of materials with different properties.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, two or three sets of cutting assemblies may be disposed in one crushing zone according to actual needs, where the sizes of target materials of the cutting assemblies in the same crushing zone are different, and by disposing multiple sets of cutting assemblies in the same crushing zone, throughput of crushing the target materials in the crushing zone is improved, crushing efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, risk of blockage can be reduced.

Further, each crushing zone corresponds to a respective feed inlet, and each crushing zone is independently fed, so that materials with different properties can be crushed respectively, and independent operations of each crushing zone are not interfered with each other, and are not influenced by each other.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the cutting assembly includes: a rotor 9 mounted in the crushing tank 4; a plurality of movable blades 10 provided on the rotor 9; a plurality of fixed blades 11 provided on both sides of the rotor 9 and corresponding to the movable blade 10; and the driving device 5 is used for driving the rotor 9 to rotate, and the movable knife 10 is matched with the fixed knife 11 to realize the tearing, shearing and extrusion of the target material.

In this embodiment, each of the at least one cutting assembly includes a rotor 9, and a movable blade 10 on the rotor 9 and a fixed blade 11 disposed on the crushing box form a movable fixed blade structure, that is, the movable blade 10 and the cutting edge 12 of the fixed blade 11 realize cutting through relative movement therebetween; the driving device 5 drives the movable knife 10 to rotate so as to squeeze the material between the movable knife 10 and the fixed knife 11, and the movable knife 10 is gradually far away from the cutting edge of the fixed knife 11 along with the rotation of the movable knife 10, so that the material between the movable knife 10 and the fixed knife 11 is torn.

The driving device 5 is arranged in the crushing box 4, corresponds to the rotors in the cutting assemblies of each crushing area one by one, drives the rotors to rotate, and drives the movable cutters on the rotors to rotate, so that the movable cutters rotate and the fixed cutters mutually shear, and the aim of extruding, shearing and crushing the target materials is realized; the drive means 5 may be a drive motor or a hydraulic drive, which drive means 5 may be arranged on the same side of the crushing tank 4 or on different sides of the crushing tank 4.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the rotor 9 may be installed in the crushing box 4 through a bearing, and a plurality of identical moving blades are disposed on the rotor 9 in the same crushing zone, and at least one of types and specifications of the moving blades 10 in at least two crushing zones are different, and the specifications of the moving blades 10 include, but are not limited to, a size of the moving blade, a shape of the moving blade, and the like; the both sides of rotor 9 are provided with a plurality of movable knife specifications looks adaptations on the rotor, and with a plurality of movable knife positions and the stationary knife 11 of quantity one-to-one, when cutting the subassembly and carrying out the operation, rotor 9 rotates to drive a plurality of movable knives 10 rotation, every movable knife and the stationary knife cooperation that corresponds tear, shear and extrude the target material.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, at least one of the type and gauge of the moving blade 10 in the at least two crushing zones is different.

In this embodiment, at least one of the type and the specification of the movable blade 10 of the cutting assembly in each of the at least two crushing zones is different to achieve crushing of different types and sizes of material; the type and size of the moving blade 10 includes, but is not limited to, the size and shape of the moving blade.

In an alternative embodiment of the application, at least one of the type and gauge of the stationary knife 11 in the at least two crushing zones is different.

In this embodiment, at least one of the type and the specification of the stationary blade 11 of the cutting assembly in each of the at least two crushing zones is different, and it should be noted that the type of the stationary blade 11 is used in cooperation with the type of the movable blade 11 to achieve the purposes of tearing, shearing and extruding the target material; preferably, when the type and the specification of the movable blade 10 are unchanged, the specification of the fixed blade 11 may be changed, for example, the distance between adjacent fixed blades or the thickness of the fixed blade may be changed, so as to change the interval between the movable blade and the fixed blade, so as to crush materials with different sizes and achieve different cutting effects; the type and specification of the moving blade 11 include, but are not limited to, the size and shape of the moving blade.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, a partition 7 is disposed between two adjacent crushing zones of the at least two crushing zones, so that each crushing zone corresponds to a respective feed inlet.

In this embodiment, a partition 7 may be disposed between the different crushing zones, where the partition 7 is capable of separating the different crushing zones, such as separating the coarse crushing zone from the fine crushing zone, so that each crushing zone corresponds to a respective feed inlet; the partition plate 7 is arranged in the hopper 8, but does not completely isolate the two rotors, and after materials with different sizes enter the corresponding crushing areas through the feed inlets of the respective crushing areas, the materials are cut by the cutting components of the crushing areas, and when the materials are accumulated in the coarse crushing areas, a small part of the materials can overflow into the fine crushing areas, so that the operation burden of the coarse crushing areas is reduced; the baffle plate can also be arranged in the hopper 8 to thoroughly isolate the two rotors so as to prevent the materials in the coarse crushing zone from entering the fine crushing zone and prevent the fine crushing zone from being blocked by large-size materials.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the at least two crushing zones comprise: a first crushing zone 1; and a second crushing zone 2 arranged side by side with the first crushing zone 1; the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2.

In this embodiment, the first crushing zone 1 and the second crushing zone 2 are disposed side by side, and the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2, specifically: the moving blade of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is different from the moving blade of the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2 in at least one of type, size and shape to achieve different crushing functions, and the size of the moving blade may include, but is not limited to, the thickness of the moving blade.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the size of the target material obtained by crushing the moving blade of the cutting assembly and the fixed blade corresponding to the moving blade in the first crushing zone 1 is a first size; the size of the target material obtained by crushing the movable knife of the cutting assembly and the corresponding fixed knife in the second crushing zone 2 is a second size; the first dimension is greater than the second dimension.

In this embodiment, the size of the target material may be at least one of the length, width, thickness, and particle size of the target material, and the moving blade of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 and the fixed blade corresponding to the moving blade may be set according to the first size of the target material, and the material is cut to obtain the target material of the first size; the movable knife of the cutting assembly and the fixed knife corresponding to the movable knife in the second crushing zone 2 can be set according to the second size of the target material, and the material is cut to obtain the target material with the second size; the first size is larger than the second size to cut materials of different sizes.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the at least two crushing zones comprise: a first crushing zone 1, a second crushing zone 2 and a third crushing zone 3 which are arranged side by side; the cutting assemblies in the first crushing zone 1, the second crushing zone 2 and the third crushing zone 3 are different.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the at least two crushing zones may further include a third crushing zone 3 disposed side by side with the second crushing zone 2, where three crushing zones are provided, the cutting assemblies in the three crushing zones are all different, specifically: the shape of the movable cutters of the cutting assemblies of two crushing areas in the three crushing areas is the same, but the sizes are different, and the shape of the movable cutters of the cutting assemblies of the other crushing areas is different from the shape of the movable cutters of the cutting assemblies of the other two crushing areas, so that the cutting of materials without the sizes is realized, and the crushing efficiency of the crusher is improved; preferably, the size of the target material obtained by crushing in the first crushing zone 1 is a first size; the size of the target material obtained by crushing in the second crushing zone 2 is a second size; the size of the target material obtained by crushing in the third crushing zone 3 is a third size; the first dimension is greater than the second dimension and the third dimension, and the second dimension is greater than the third dimension.

Through setting up the movable knife of different sizes according to the different sizes of final cut target material in every crushing district to realize the cutting of the material of different sizes, obtain the target material of different sizes, further improve the crushing efficiency of breaker, realize simultaneously cutting the material of different sizes in the different crushing district of same breaker, reduce the quantity of breaker, thereby reduce equipment maintenance cost.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the moving blade of the crushing zone is a tooth-shaped blade, and the stationary blade is a comb plate.

In this embodiment, when the moving blade of the cutting assembly in the crushing zone is a hook-tooth type blade, the fixed blade matched with the moving blade is a comb plate, the comb plate is fixed in the crushing box 4, and the edge of the comb plate matched with the moving blade is a blade 12, so as to realize cutting of the material.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the movable blade and the fixed blade of the crushing zone are detachable square cutters.

In this embodiment, when the movable knife of the cutting assembly in the crushing zone is a detachable square knife, the fixed knife matched with the movable knife is also a detachable square knife, and the fixed knife is matched with the movable knife for use so as to realize cutting of materials.

As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, the moving blade of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is a hook-tooth type blade, and the fixed blade is a comb plate; the movable knife and the fixed knife of the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2 are detachable square cutters.

In this embodiment, the types of moving blades of the cutting assemblies of the first crushing zone 1 and the second crushing zone 2 are different, and when the moving blade of the cutting assembly of the first crushing zone 1 is a hook tooth type cutter, the moving blade of the cutting assembly of the second crushing zone 2 is a square type cutter; of course, it is also possible to: when the movable knife of the cutting assembly of the first crushing zone 1 is a square knife, the movable knife of the cutting assembly of the second crushing zone 2 is a hook tooth knife; preferably, the hook tooth type cutter can be a single-head cutter or a double-head cutter, and can be other types of cutters, such as a three-head cutter or a four-head cutter, and the hook tooth type cutter and a fixed cutter correspondingly arranged with the hook tooth type cutter interact to realize cutting of materials with hard texture and large size; the square cutter can be cuboid or cube cutter, just square cutter can dismantle with the rotor and be connected to the change cutter of being convenient for, square cutter set up and with square cutter corresponds the stationary knife interact that sets up to realize the cutting of flexible material or the material of small size.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, when the movable blade of the cutting assembly is a detachable square blade, a screen 6 is disposed below the crushing area corresponding to the cutting assembly.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, when the moving blade of the cutting assembly in any one of the at least two crushing areas is a square cutter, a screen 6 is disposed below the crushing area, the screen 6 is mounted in the crushing box and is fixed in position during operation, after the material is crushed in the crushing area provided with the square cutter, the material firstly passes through the screen 6 below the crushing area to be screened, the material meeting the target size requirement is taken as the target material to enter the next step, and the material not meeting the size requirement is driven by the square cutter to return to the crushing area to be crushed again until the material meeting the target size requirement.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the first crushing zone 1 may include a rotor, the second crushing zone 2 may include a rotor, and the types of moving blades on the two rotors may be the same, but the specifications of the moving blades are different, so as to achieve crushing of materials with different sizes.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, based on the embodiment of fig. 1, a rotor may be added to the first crushing zone 1, that is, the first crushing zone 1 includes two rotors, the second crushing zone 2 includes a rotor, and the types of moving blades on the rotors in the two crushing zones may be the same, but the specifications of the moving blades are different.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the first crushing zone 1 may include a rotor, the second crushing zone 2 may include a rotor, and the types of moving blades on the two rotors are different, so that materials with different properties can be crushed.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, based on the embodiment of fig. 3, a rotor may be added to the first crushing zone 1 to increase the throughput of materials in the first crushing zone 1, the second crushing zone 2 may include a rotor, and the types of moving blades on the rotors in the two crushing zones are different, so that materials with different properties can be crushed.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, three crushing areas are disposed in the crushing box, each of the three crushing areas includes a rotor, and the types of moving blades on the rotors in the first crushing area and the second crushing area are the same, but the specifications are different, the types of moving blades on the rotors in the third crushing area are different, and the three crushing areas can respectively crush materials with different properties.

In the above-described embodiments of the application, at least one rotor has a hook-tooth cutter and no screen is provided below the crushing zone to which it corresponds, and a screen may be provided below the rotor with square cutters.

In the above-described embodiments of the application, each rotor operates independently, and it is possible that several rotors rotate while the remaining rotors are stationary, and only the rotating rotors break.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A crusher comprising a crushing tank (4), characterized in that,

at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box (4), and each crushing area corresponds to a respective feeding hole;

the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing zones is different from the cutting assemblies in the other crushing zones; the crushing size of the target material by at least one cutting component of each crushing zone of the at least two crushing zones is different from the crushing size of the target material by the cutting components of other crushing zones;

the at least two crushing areas crush target materials simultaneously and independently;

wherein, the cutting assembly includes:

a rotor (9) mounted in the crushing tank (4);

a plurality of moving blades (10) provided on the rotor (9);

a plurality of fixed blades (11) which are arranged at two sides of the rotor (9) and correspond to the movable blades (10); and

a driving device (5) for driving the rotor (9) to rotate;

the movable knife (10) and the fixed knife (11) form a movable knife structure, the driving device (5) drives the movable knife (10) to rotate, and the movable knife (10) and the fixed knife (11) move relatively to realize tearing, shearing and extrusion of a target material;

a partition board (7) is arranged between two adjacent crushing areas in the at least two crushing areas, a coarse crushing area and a fine crushing area are separated, the partition board (7) is arranged in a hopper (8), two rotors are not completely isolated, materials with different sizes enter the corresponding crushing areas through feed inlets of the respective crushing areas, a cutting assembly of the crushing areas cuts the materials, and when the materials are accumulated in the coarse crushing areas, a small part of the materials overflows into the fine crushing areas;

wherein at least one of the type and gauge of the moving blade (10) in the at least two crushing zones is different;

at least one of the type and specification of the stationary blades (11) in the at least two crushing zones is different.

2. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the at least two crushing zones comprise:

a first crushing zone (1); and

a second crushing zone (2) arranged side by side with the first crushing zone (1);

the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone (1) is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone (2).

3. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the at least two crushing zones comprise: the first crushing zone (1), the second crushing zone (2) and the third crushing zone (3) are arranged side by side;

the middle cutting assembly of the first crushing zone (1), the cutting assembly of the second crushing zone (2) and the cutting assembly of the third crushing zone (3) are different.

4. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the moving blades of the crushing zone are hook tooth type blades and the stationary blades are comb plates.

5. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the moving and stationary blades of the crushing zone are detachable square blades.

6. A crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that the crushing zone is provided with a screen (6) below when the moving blades of the crushing zone are detachable square blades.