CN115316539B - Nutritional feed for suckling pigs in transitional period and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nutritional feed for suckling pigs in transitional period and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a nutrition feed for a suckling pig in a transitional period and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of suckling pig feeds. The nutritional feed comprises: 80-150 parts of puffed corn, 40-50 parts of rice bran meal, 1-5 parts of additive, 1-5 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of glycyrrhizic acid, 1-5 parts of anthocyanin, 1-5 parts of lutein, 10-20 parts of krill oil, 5-10 parts of lactose, 5-10 parts of gelatin and 15-20 parts of water; the additive comprises tripalmitin, bergapten, seaben and hydroxyapatite, wherein the weight ratio of the tripalmitin to the bergapten to the seaben to the hydroxyapatite is 1: (1-2): (1-2): (10-20). The nutritional feed adopts natural material components, can regulate intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, relieve diarrhea of the suckling pigs, prevent the suckling pigs from developing drug resistance, improve immunity of the suckling pigs in a transitional period and improve survival rate of the suckling pigs.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a nutrition feed for a suckling pig in a transitional period and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of suckling pig feeds.
Background
In the high-speed development period of the Chinese animal husbandry, in order to improve the animal productivity, reduce the infection probability of the suckling pig diseases and improve the production performance of the suckling pigs, an early weaning isolation technology is often adopted. However, the digestive system of the early weaned suckling pigs is not developed completely in the transitional period, so that the early weaned suckling pigs are difficult to quickly adapt to solid feed for feeding, and according to scientific statistics, the early weaned suckling pigs are in the period with the maximum probability of emergent response of the pigs in the weaned transitional period, and if stable transition cannot be realized, huge economic loss can be caused.
In the transitional period of the suckling pigs, the problems of diarrhea, feed intake reduction, growth stagnation, resistance reduction and the like often occur, and in order for the suckling pigs to adapt in time, additives such as antibiotics and the like are usually added into the feed, however, the abuse of the antibiotics can cause the suckling pigs to have drug resistance, so that the immunity of the suckling pigs in the whole growth period is lower and lower, the growth speed of the suckling pigs is influenced, and the phenomenon of mass death and the like of the suckling pigs also occurs in serious cases. At present, the feed for the suckling pigs fed at the early stage is used for firstly increasing the additive to regulate the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs so as to relieve diarrhea of the suckling pigs, and then, the attention is not paid to how to increase nutrition of the suckling pigs while reducing the disease of the suckling pigs, and if the suckling pigs can obtain better growth in the suckling pigs, the growth speed of the pigs at the later stage and the quality of pork can be directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the nutritional feed adopts natural substance components to regulate the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, relieve diarrhea of the suckling pigs, avoid drug resistance of the suckling pigs, improve immunity of the suckling pigs in the transitional period, lay a foundation for later growth, and mutually cooperate krill oil, lutein, anthocyanin and additives to increase nutrition and palatability in feeding of the suckling pigs, so that the weight gain of the suckling pigs in the transitional period is obvious and the pork quality is improved.
According to one aspect of the application, there is provided a nutritional feed for a suckling pig in a transitional period, comprising, in weight percent: 80-150 parts of puffed corn, 40-50 parts of rice bran meal, 1-5 parts of additive, 1-5 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of glycyrrhizic acid, 1-5 parts of anthocyanin, 1-5 parts of lutein, 10-20 parts of krill oil, 5-10 parts of lactose, 5-10 parts of gelatin and 15-20 parts of water;
the additive comprises tripalmitin, bergapten, seaben and hydroxyapatite, wherein the weight ratio of the tripalmitin to the bergapten to the seaben to the hydroxyapatite is 1: (1-2): (1-2): (10-20).
The puffed corn and the rice bran meal provide basic nutrition for the suckling pigs, and are stirred together with the xylooligosaccharide and lactose, so that the palatability of the feed can be improved, the feeding rate and digestion and absorption of the suckling pigs can be improved, harmful substances generated by the suckling pigs in the digestion and absorption process are avoided, the intestinal health of the suckling pigs is endangered, pathogenic factors are prevented from being carried in the excrement of the suckling pigs, the self-growth environment of the suckling pigs is improved, and the environment-friendly use effect of the feed is improved.
The additive can be absorbed by the suckling pigs in the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, and the tripalmitin is decomposed into tripalmitin and glycerol in vivo, and the tripalmitin is a natural metabolite, so that the acidic environment of the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs can be regulated, the digestion and absorption of other components in the feed in the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs are promoted, the normal metabolism of the feed is ensured, the digestion and utilization rate of the feed is further improved, the absorption rate of the nutritional components of the suckling pigs when the suckling pigs ingest in the same quantity is improved, and the daily gain of the suckling pigs is improved; bergapten and seebectin can inhibit the reproduction of germs in the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, have the effects of killing and cleaning germs, and can protect the livers of the suckling pigs and have the detoxification effect; the carbetocin can also promote the intestinal peristalsis of the suckling pigs, improve the intestinal health and reduce salmonella in the feed. The hydroxyapatite plays a role of a carrier, the mixture ratio of the four substances can ensure that each substance plays a role to the greatest extent, and the substances can be absorbed by the suckling pigs step by step in the subsequent preparation, so that the aim of controlling the absorption efficiency of the suckling pigs is fulfilled, and the suckling pigs are scientifically fed.
Lutein can be digested and absorbed by the suckling pigs in the intestinal tracts, so that the eyesight of the suckling pigs is improved, the incidence rate of the suckling pigs in the aspects of kidney, cardiovascular, urine protein, abnormal blood sugar and the like is reduced, anthocyanin and glycyrrhizic acid can improve the oxidation resistance and stability of the lutein, the lutein can play a role in protecting the stomach together with krill oil, and the lutein can only be released in the intestinal tracts; the krill oil contains grease, astaxanthin and unsaturated fatty acid, the grease can protect lutein in the stomach of the suckling pigs, the bioavailability of the lutein can be improved, and the astaxanthin can be absorbed by the suckling pigs, so that the disease resistance of the suckling pigs is improved, the meat quality of the suckling pigs is improved, the fat content in pork is reduced, the oxidation resistance of the unsaturated fatty acid and the astaxanthin is high, and the oxidation resistance of the lutein can be improved in an auxiliary manner.
Optionally, the additive further comprises organic trace elements and probiotics, wherein the weight ratio of the organic trace elements to the probiotics to the tripalmitin is (0.01-0.02): (0.2-0.5): 1.
the added organic trace elements provide a guarantee for healthy growth of the suckling pigs, can improve the physique state of the suckling pigs, and can also improve the meat quality of the suckling pigs, thereby meeting the requirements of modern consumers on pursuing health and comprehensive nutrition; the probiotics can reduce diarrhea and constipation of the suckling pigs, play a role in relaxing bowel and promote digestion and absorption of other components of the feed.
Optionally, the organic trace element is a mixture of zinc lactate, amino acid and selenium yeast; the probiotics are mixed bacteria of acidophilic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium;
preferably, the weight ratio of zinc lactate to amino acid to yeast selenium is 2:1:2, the weight ratio of the acidophilic lactobacillus to the bifidobacterium is 2:1;
more preferably, the viable count of the Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3.0X10 8 CFU/mL～8.0×10 8 CFU/mL, the viable count of the bifidobacterium is 1.0X10 10 CFU/mL～2.0×10 10 CFU/mL。
The addition of the organic microelements zinc lactate, amino acid and yeast selenium can improve the ingestion of zinc and selenium by the suckling pigs, so that the pork is rich in zinc and selenium, and people can promote the intelligence and physical development of human bodies and maintain physical health when eating the pork.
The acidophilic lactobacillus and the bifidobacterium can improve the microecological environment of the stomach and the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, improve the activity of digestive enzymes of the suckling pigs, maintain the ecological balance of the stomach and the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs, ensure the health of the intestinal tracts by mutually matching the viable bacteria numbers of the two probiotics, improve the digestion and absorption rate of the feed, and enhance the hunger sensation of the suckling pigs after digestion and absorption, thereby increasing the appetite of the suckling pigs and improving the weight gaining effect of the suckling pigs.
Optionally, the composition further comprises 5-25 parts of a green tea extract, wherein the weight ratio of the green tea extract to the additive is (5-10): 1.
the extract of the green tea leaf used in the application is a natural extract, and the extract contains protein, vitamins and amino acids, so that the basic growth of the suckling pigs is ensured, and the palatability and the feeding promoting property of the feed are improved; secondly, the absorption area in the intestinal tracts of the suckling pigs can be increased, and the digestion and absorption of the suckling pigs are assisted to be increased, so that the absorption efficiency of nutrient components in the feed is improved; thirdly, the effect of killing and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria can be achieved, and experiments show that the morbidity of the feed added with the extract of the turnip grass for sucking pigs is lower by more than 30% than that of the feed without the extract of the turnip grass, so that the immunity and the production performance of the sucking pigs are improved, and a foundation is laid for the subsequent growth and cultivation of the sucking pigs; fourthly, the small molecular substances in the extract of the turnip grass are more, can be directly absorbed by intestines and stomach and enter the blood of the suckling pigs, can improve the meat quality of the pork, and can reduce the fat content in the pork.
According to another aspect of the application, the preparation method of the nutritional feed for the porket in the transitional period comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing hydroxyapatite into bergapten and seebectin dispersion liquid, homogenizing to obtain a first mixed liquid, and drying the first mixed liquid to obtain an intermediate A;
(2) Heating the tripalmitin to obtain tripalmitin liquid, and uniformly spraying the tripalmitin liquid on the surface of the intermediate A to form an intermediate B;
(3) Mixing the organic trace elements, probiotics and the intermediate B to obtain the additive;
(4) Homogenizing anthocyanin, lutein, glycyrrhizic acid and krill oil to obtain an intermediate C;
(5) Adding gelatin into water to dissolve to obtain gelatin solution, then mixing and stirring the intermediate C and the gelatin solution, and adding into a pill press to press pills to obtain an intermediate D;
(6) Stirring the puffed corn, rice bran meal, additives, intermediate D, the extract of the green tea, xylooligosaccharide and lactose to obtain the nutritional feed.
In the intermediate A, the hydroxyapatite is used as a bergapten and a siberian carrier, bergapten and the siberian are uniformly adsorbed on the surface and in the holes in the inner part of the bergapten and the siberian carrier, the release speed of the bergapten and the siberian on the surface can be controlled in the intestinal tract of the suckling pig, and the bergapten and the siberian on the surface can be released firstly, and the bergapten and the siberian on the holes can be released and can be ensured to play a role in the suckling pig in a long-term stable way. The tripalmitin is sprayed on the surface layer of the intermediate A, so that the intermediate A is protected from being absorbed in the stomach of the suckling pig, the irritation of the intermediate A to the stomach of the suckling pig is reduced, and the feed intake of the suckling pig is improved.
Optionally, the particle size of the hydroxyapatite is 200-300 mesh.
After anthocyanin, lutein, glycyrrhizic acid and krill oil are homogenized, the krill oil can wrap the anthocyanin, the glycyrrhizic acid and the lutein to form lutein aggregate, and the anthocyanin and the glycyrrhizic acid can be guaranteed to exert the best effect, so that the absorption speed of the lutein in the suckling pigs can be controlled, and the best absorption effect can be achieved. The gelatin plays a role in wrapping the intermediate C, so that the taste of the feed can be increased, the feed intake of the suckling pigs can be improved, the gradual digestion and absorption of the feed can be realized, the stimulation of the feed to the intestines and stomach of the suckling pigs can be reduced, and the absorption and utilization rate of the feed can be improved.
Optionally, the weight ratio of gelatin to water in the gelatin solution is 1 (2-3).
Optionally, in the step (1), homogenizing for 10-30min under the pressure of 4-6Mpa to obtain a first mixed solution;
and drying the first mixed solution at 50-60 ℃ to obtain an intermediate A.
The homogenizing condition can not damage the structures of bergapten and siberian, and can also improve the loading capacity of the two substances on hydroxyapatite and improve the action effect of bergapten and siberian; drying at 50-60 ℃ can improve the production efficiency of the intermediate A and save the production cost of the feed.
Optionally, in the step (3), the anthocyanin, the lutein, the glycyrrhizic acid and the krill oil are homogenized for 30-50min under the pressure of 5-8Mpa to obtain an intermediate C. The homogenizing condition can not damage the structures of anthocyanin, lutein, glycyrrhizic acid and krill oil, can quickly form lutein aggregate, and improves the dispersion uniformity of the intermediate C.
Optionally, the extraction method of the turnip grass extract comprises the following steps:
s1: drying and crushing the green pepper grass to obtain green pepper grass powder, placing the green pepper grass powder into clear water, adding 0.5-1.5 wt% of pectase and cellulase for enzymolysis for 6-8 hours, decocting for more than two times, and filtering to obtain a second mixed solution;
s2: filtering and concentrating the second mixed solution to obtain the extract of the phyllanthus emblica.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the pectase to the cellulase is 1: (2-3), preferably 1:2;
preferably, the enzymolysis temperature of the pectase and the cellulase is 40-50 ℃.
The pectase and the cellulase are adopted to carry out enzymolysis on the rhizoma polygonati, so that the cell wall of the rhizoma polygonati can be damaged, the extraction rate of the effective components of the rhizoma polygonati is improved, the proportion of the pectase and the cellulase can improve the content of the effective components in the rhizoma polygonati, and can reduce the impurities in the rhizoma polygonati extract.
Optionally, in the step S2, a step of adding protease is further included, 1wt% of protease is added into the second mixed solution, enzymolysis is performed for 4-5 hours, and then filtration and concentration are performed to obtain the extract of the turnip grass;
preferably, the temperature of the protease enzymolysis is 50-60 ℃, preferably 50 ℃;
more preferably, the filtration in step S2 is performed using an ultrafiltration membrane of 200-300 daltons.
Optionally, the concentration is 30% -40% of the second mixed liquor.
The added protease can decompose macromolecular proteins in the bearded grass extract into small molecular proteins, so that the suckers can conveniently absorb the nutritional components in the bearded grass extract, the addition amount and the enzymolysis time of the protease can improve the enzymolysis efficiency, shorten the enzymolysis time of the bearded grass extract, ensure the moderate molecular weight of the enzymolyzed small molecular proteins, remove the macromolecular proteins and impurities which are not completely hydrolyzed by ultrafiltration membranes, and only keep the components which have beneficial effects on the suckers.
The beneficial effects of the application include, but are not limited to:
1. according to the nutritional feed disclosed by the application, raw materials are natural and easy to obtain, the preparation method is simple, the intestines and stomach of the suckling pigs are not stimulated, the incidence rate of diarrhea and other diseases of the suckling pigs in the transitional period can be effectively reduced, the survival rate of the suckling pigs is high, and a solid foundation is laid for the subsequent growth of the suckling pigs.
2. According to the nutritional feed disclosed by the application, the scientific proportion of the raw materials can ensure that the raw materials can play an optimal role independently, and can be matched with other substances, so that the aim of controlling the substances to be absorbed by the suckling pigs step by step is fulfilled, and the long-acting compound suckling pigs can play a role.
3. According to the nutritional feed disclosed by the application, the employed extract of the turnip grass can improve the palatability of the feed, and can enable the suckling pigs to easily generate hunger sensation after eating, enhance the appetite and immunity of the suckling pigs, improve the meat quality and meet the needs of people for pursuing health on the premise of not adding any chemical additive.
4. According to the preparation method of the nutritional feed, the feed is prepared step by step, so that the production time of the feed can be saved, the production cost of the feed can be reduced, the loss of active ingredients can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the digestion and absorption of suckling pigs can be promoted.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.
The sources in the examples of the present application were purchased commercially unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a method for extracting a green tea leaf extract, which comprises the following steps:
s1: drying and crushing the green grass to obtain green grass powder, putting the green grass powder into clear water, adding 0.5-1.5 wt% of pectase and cellulase for enzymolysis for 6-8 h at 40-50 ℃, wherein the weight ratio of pectase to cellulase is 1: (2-3), decocting for more than two times, and filtering to obtain a second mixed solution;
s2: adding 1wt% protease into the second mixed solution, performing enzymolysis at 50-60deg.C for 4-5 hr, filtering with 200-300 dalton ultrafiltration membrane, and concentrating to 30% -40% of the second mixed solution to obtain herba Agastaches extract.
According to the above extraction method, the extract 1# -7# of the Cynanchum komarovii is extracted, specifically, the difference is shown in the following table 1, wherein the content in table 1 refers to the total content of pectase and cellulase, and the weight ratio refers to the weight ratio of pectase to cellulase:
TABLE 1
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a nutritional feed for a suckling pig in a transitional period and a preparation method of the nutritional feed, wherein the nutritional feed 1# -9# and the comparative nutritional feed D1# -D4# are prepared by the following steps:
nutritional feed # 1:
(1) Placing 250-mesh hydroxyapatite into bergapten and seebectin dispersion liquid, homogenizing for 30min under 4Mpa to obtain a first mixed solution, and drying the first mixed solution at 50 ℃ to obtain an intermediate A;
(2) Heating tripalmitin to obtain tripalmitin liquid, and uniformly spraying the tripalmitin liquid on the surface of an intermediate A to form an intermediate B, wherein the weight ratio of tripalmitin to bergapten to seabelin to hydroxyapatite is 1:1:1:10;
(3) Mixing organic trace element, probiotic and intermediate B to obtain additiveThe weight ratio of the organic trace elements, the probiotics and the tripalmitin is 0.01:0.2:1, organic trace elements are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1:2, amino acid and selenium yeast, wherein the probiotics consists of acidophilic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium with the weight ratio of 2:1, and the viable count of the acidophilic lactobacillus is 3.0x10 8 CFU/mL, viable count of bifidobacterium is 1.0X10 10 CFU/mL；
(4) Homogenizing 1 part of anthocyanin, 1 part of lutein, 1 part of glycyrrhizic acid and 10 parts of krill oil under the pressure of 8Mpa for 30min to obtain an intermediate C;
(5) Adding 5 parts of gelatin into 15 parts of water to dissolve to obtain gelatin solution, then mixing and stirring the intermediate C and the gelatin solution, and adding into a pill press to press pills to obtain an intermediate D;
(6) 80 parts of puffed corn, 40 parts of rice bran meal, 1 part of additive, intermediate D, 10 parts of green turnip extract 1#, 1 part of xylooligosaccharide and 5 parts of lactose are stirred, and the nutrition feed 1# isobtained.
Nutritional feed # 2:
(1) Placing 250-mesh hydroxyapatite into bergapten and seebectin dispersion liquid, homogenizing for 30min under 5Mpa to obtain a first mixed solution, and drying the first mixed solution at 55deg.C to obtain an intermediate A;
(2) Heating tripalmitin to obtain tripalmitin liquid, and uniformly spraying the tripalmitin liquid on the surface of an intermediate A to form an intermediate B, wherein the weight ratio of tripalmitin to bergapten to seabelin to hydroxyapatite is 1:2:2:15;
(3) Mixing organic trace elements, probiotics and an intermediate B to obtain an additive, wherein the weight ratio of the organic trace elements to the probiotics to the tripalmitin is 0.02:0.4:1, organic trace elements are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1:2, amino acid and selenium yeast, wherein the probiotics consists of acidophilic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium with the weight ratio of 2:1, and the viable count of the acidophilic lactobacillus is 5.0x10 8 CFU/mL, viable count of bifidobacterium is 1.0X10 10 CFU/mL；
(4) Homogenizing 2 parts of anthocyanin, 3 parts of lutein, 2 parts of glycyrrhizic acid and 20 parts of krill oil under 6Mpa pressure for 30min to obtain an intermediate C;
(5) Adding 8 parts of gelatin into 20 parts of water to dissolve to obtain gelatin solution, then mixing and stirring the intermediate C and the gelatin solution, and adding into a pill press to press pills to obtain an intermediate D;
(6) 120 parts of puffed corn, 50 parts of rice bran meal, 3 parts of additive, intermediate D, 18 parts of green turnip extract No. 2, 3 parts of xylooligosaccharide and 8 parts of lactose are stirred, so that the nutritional feed No. 2 is obtained.
Nutritional feed # 3:
(1) Placing 250-mesh hydroxyapatite into bergapten and seebectin dispersion liquid, homogenizing for 10min under 6Mpa to obtain a first mixed solution, and drying the first mixed solution at 60 ℃ to obtain an intermediate A;
(2) Heating tripalmitin to obtain tripalmitin liquid, and uniformly spraying the tripalmitin liquid on the surface of an intermediate A to form an intermediate B, wherein the weight ratio of tripalmitin to bergapten to seabelin to hydroxyapatite is 1:2:2:20, a step of;
(3) Mixing organic trace elements, probiotics and an intermediate B to obtain an additive, wherein the weight ratio of the organic trace elements to the probiotics to the tripalmitin is 0.02:0.5:1, organic trace elements are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1:2, amino acid and selenium yeast, wherein the probiotics consists of acidophilic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium with the weight ratio of 2:1, and the viable count of the acidophilic lactobacillus is 8.0x10 8 CFU/mL, viable count of bifidobacterium is 2.0X10 10 CFU/mL；
(4) Homogenizing 5 parts of anthocyanin, 5 parts of lutein, 5 parts of glycyrrhizic acid and 20 parts of krill oil under 5Mpa pressure for 50min to obtain an intermediate C;
(5) Adding 10 parts of gelatin into 20 parts of water to dissolve to obtain gelatin solution, then mixing and stirring the intermediate C and the gelatin solution, and adding into a pill press to press pills to obtain an intermediate D;
(6) 150 parts of puffed corn, 50 parts of rice bran meal, 5 parts of additive, intermediate D, 25 parts of green turnip extract 3#, 5 parts of xylooligosaccharide and 10 parts of lactose are stirred, and the nutritional feed 3#.
Nutritional feed # 4:
the nutrient feed 4# is different from the nutrient feed 2# in that 18 parts of the extract 4# of the Cynanchum otophyllum is added, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrient feed 2# to obtain the nutrient feed 4#.
Nutritional feed # 5:
the nutrient feed No. 5 is different from the nutrient feed No. 2 in that 18 parts of the Cynanchum otophyllum extract No. 5 is added, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrient feed No. 2, so that the nutrient feed No. 5 is obtained.
Nutritional feed No. 6:
the nutrient feed 6# is different from the nutrient feed 2# in that 18 parts of the extract 6# of the Cynanchum otophyllum is added, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrient feed 2# to obtain the nutrient feed 6#.
Nutritional feed # 7:
the nutrient feed No. 7 is different from the nutrient feed No. 2 in that no extract of the leaf of Cynanchum otophyllum is added, and the content and the preparation method of the other components are the same as those of the nutrient feed No. 2, so that the nutrient feed No. 7 is obtained.
Nutritional feed # 8:
the nutrient feed 8# is different from the nutrient feed 2# in that 5 parts of the extract 2# of the Cynanchum otophyllum is added, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrient feed 2# to obtain the nutrient feed 8#.
Nutritional feed # 9:
the nutrition feed 9# is different from the nutrition feed 2# in that the additive does not contain organic trace elements and probiotics, the intermediate B is the additive, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrition feed 2# to obtain the nutrition feed 9#.
Comparative nutritional feed d1#:
the nutrition feed D1 is different from the nutrition feed 2 in that bergapten and seebectin in the additive are replaced by octyl gallate and curcumin respectively, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrition feed 2, so that the nutrition feed D1 is obtained.
Comparative nutritional feed d2#:
the nutrition feed D2# is different from the nutrition feed 2# in that 4 parts of ascorbic acid is used for replacing 2 parts of glycyrrhizic acid and 2 parts of anthocyanin, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrition feed 2# to obtain the nutrition feed D2#.
Comparative nutritional feed d3#:
the nutrient feed D3 is different from the nutrient feed 2 in that the content of the substances is unchanged, and all the substances are stirred for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 300r/min in the preparation process, so that the nutrient feed D3 is obtained.
Comparative nutritional feed d4#:
the nutrition feed D3# is different from the nutrition feed 2# in that montmorillonite is adopted to replace hydroxyapatite, and the content and the preparation method of the rest components are the same as those of the nutrition feed 2# to obtain the nutrition feed D4#.
Test example 1
This test example 1 uses an intestinal eversion model to study the intestinal absorption characteristics of lutein. The small intestine is the main absorption part of most oral preparations, and the in vitro intestinal absorption model is used for experiments, so that the absorption condition of intestinal cells on the effective components can be directly reflected.
The preparation method of the model comprises the following steps: fresh treated pig duodenum 10cm was taken and the Lima was rinsed in artificial intestinal fluid (i.e. phosphate buffer, containing pancreatin, pH6.8, prepared with reference to section IV general rule 8004 of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015) until no content was exuded. One end of the intestinal canal is tied to the silicon rubber tube, the intestinal canal is carefully reversed, and the other end of the intestinal canal is tied after the intestinal canal is flushed by artificial intestinal juice, so that the saccular intestinal canal is formed. Injecting 5mL of blank artificial intestinal juice into the intestinal sac, placing into a beaker containing the artificial intestinal juice, regulating the temperature to 37 ℃ and keeping constant, and introducing 95% CO into the beaker 2 +5％O 2 Balance for 5min for use. Maintaining constant temperature of 37deg.C and 95% CO throughout the test 2 +5％O 2 And (3) a gas environment. The nutritional feed 1# -9# prepared in the above example 2 and the comparative nutritional feed D1# -D4# are placed in the above beaker artificial intestinal juice, 10g of feed sample is added into each group, 200 mu L of absorption liquid is taken out from the intestinal sac every 20min after the addition of the samples, and the same volume of blank artificial intestinal juice is filled. Measuring the concentration of the intestinal absorption liquid (3 times in parallel) by high performance liquid chromatography, calculating the transmission amount, and measuring the resultSee table 2 below:
TABLE 2
And the same test mode is adopted to test the penetration quantity of bergapten, and the absorption trend of the bergapten is the same as that of the Seebeckin, so that the bergapten and the Seebeckin can be absorbed by the suckling pigs step by step, the absorption efficiency of the suckling pigs is controlled, the substances are ensured to continuously act on the suckling pigs, and the self-adaptation capability of the suckling pigs is improved.
Test example 2
Selecting 480 healthy weaned suckling pigs, randomly dividing the suckling pigs into 12 groups, wherein each group comprises 40 suckers which are respectively used for feeding nutritional feed 1# -9# and comparative nutritional feed D1# -D3#, the feeding period is 20 days, the feed is unlimited, the feed is added in 6 stages each day, the rest of the feed in the previous stage is cleaned, so as to ensure the freshness of the nutritional feed, sterilizing the pig house according to the conventional method, recording the initial weight and the final weight of the suckling pigs, and the experimental results after 20 days are shown in table 3, wherein the calculation formula of the growth rate in table 3 is as follows: [ (average last weight-average initial weight)/average initial weight ] ×100%, the number of diarrhea refers to the total number of diarrhea occurrences of each group of suckling pigs within 20 days of feeding; and the blood index results of the blood of the suckling pigs after the feeding are extracted are shown in the table:
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
According to the application disclosed in Table 3, compared with the comparative feed D1# -D3#, the nutrition feed 1# -9# prepared by the nutrition feed and the preparation method thereof has the advantages that the growth rate, the feed intake and the survival rate of the suckling pigs are improved, the diarrhea rate and the liver fat content are reduced, the nutrition feed can obviously improve the intestinal health of the suckling pigs in the transitional period, can enable the suckling pigs to be quickly adapted to the feeding of the feed, can absorb the nutrition components in the feed in the transitional period, and improves the production performance of the suckling pigs. According to the contents in Table 4, the nutritional feed provided by the application can also reduce the contents of triglyceride, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in the suckling pigs, and proves that the nutritional feed can promote the degradation of fat in the suckling pigs and reduce the fat deposition in pork, so that the pork quality is improved, and the requirements of consumers are met.
And the suckling pigs are sampled, the immunoglobulin in serum is measured, and the content of the immunoglobulin IgA, igM, igG in the nutritional feed 1# -9# and the comparative nutritional feed D1# -D3# is as follows in the order from high to low: the nutritional feed 2# > the nutritional feed 3# > the nutritional feed 1# > the nutritional feed 8# > the nutritional feed 4# > the nutritional feed 9# > the nutritional feed 5# > the nutritional feed 6# > the nutritional feed 7# > the nutritional feed D2# > the nutritional feed D3# > the nutritional feed D1# > and the survival rate of the suckling pigs in table 3 is the same trend, and the nutritional feed provided by the application can obviously improve the immunity of the suckling pigs, thereby enhancing the disease resistance of the suckling pigs.
The above is only an example of the present application, and the protective scope of the present application is not limited by the specific examples, but is defined by the claims of the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical idea and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The nutritional feed for the transitional period of the suckling pigs is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80-150 parts of puffed corn, 40-50 parts of rice bran meal, 1-5 parts of additive, 1-5 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of glycyrrhizic acid, 1-5 parts of anthocyanin, 1-5 parts of lutein, 10-20 parts of krill oil, 5-10 parts of lactose, 5-10 parts of gelatin and 15-20 parts of water;
the additive comprises tripalmitin, bergapten, seaben and hydroxyapatite, wherein the weight ratio of the tripalmitin to the bergapten to the seaben to the hydroxyapatite is 1: (1-2): (1-2): (10-20).
2. The nutritional feed for the transitional period of the suckling pigs according to claim 1, wherein the additive further comprises organic trace elements and probiotics, and the weight ratio of the organic trace elements to the probiotics to the tripalmitin is (0.01-0.02): (0.2-0.5): 1.
3. the nutritional feed for the transitional period of the suckling pigs according to claim 2, wherein the organic trace elements are a mixture of zinc lactate, amino acid and selenium yeast; the probiotics are mixed bacteria of acidophilic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium.
4. The nutritional feed for a transition period of a suckling pig of claim 2, further comprising 5-25 parts of a turnip grass extract, wherein the weight ratio of the turnip grass extract to the additive is (5-10): 1.
5. the method for preparing the nutritional feed for the transitional period of the suckling pigs according to claim 4, comprising the following steps:
(1) Placing hydroxyapatite into bergapten and seebectin dispersion liquid, homogenizing to obtain a first mixed liquid, and drying the first mixed liquid to obtain an intermediate A;
(2) Heating the tripalmitin to obtain tripalmitin liquid, and uniformly spraying the tripalmitin liquid on the surface of the intermediate A to form an intermediate B;
(3) Mixing the organic trace elements, probiotics and the intermediate B to obtain the additive;
(4) Homogenizing anthocyanin, lutein, glycyrrhizic acid and krill oil to obtain an intermediate C;
(5) Adding gelatin into water to dissolve to obtain gelatin solution, then mixing and stirring the intermediate C and the gelatin solution, and adding into a pill press to press pills to obtain an intermediate D;
(6) Stirring the puffed corn, rice bran meal, additives, intermediate D, the extract of the green tea, xylooligosaccharide and lactose to obtain the nutritional feed.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the first mixed solution is obtained by homogenizing under a pressure of 4-6Mpa for 10-30 min;
and drying the first mixed solution at 50-60 ℃ to obtain an intermediate A.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein in step (3), the anthocyanin, lutein, glycyrrhizic acid and krill oil are homogenized under 5-8Mpa for 30-50min to obtain intermediate C.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the extraction method of the extract of the turnip grass is:
s1: drying and crushing the green pepper grass to obtain green pepper grass powder, placing the green pepper grass powder into clear water, adding 0.5-1.5 wt% of pectase and cellulase for enzymolysis for 6-8 hours, decocting for more than two times, and filtering to obtain a second mixed solution;
s2: filtering and concentrating the second mixed solution to obtain the extract of the phyllanthus emblica.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the weight ratio of pectase to cellulase is 1: (2-3).
10. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein in step S2, a step of adding protease is further included, 1wt% of protease is added into the second mixed solution, and after enzymolysis for 4-5 hours, the extract of the turnip grass is obtained by filtration and concentration;
the enzymolysis temperature of the protease is 50-60 ℃.
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