CN115304365A - Heat-resistant porcelain and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant porcelain and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304365A CN115304365A CN202211026929.2A CN202211026929A CN115304365A CN 115304365 A CN115304365 A CN 115304365A CN 202211026929 A CN202211026929 A CN 202211026929A CN 115304365 A CN115304365 A CN 115304365A
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- -1 strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 144
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 50
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 28
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diacetate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 4
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FFQALBCXGPYQGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-difluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C(F)C=C1F FFQALBCXGPYQGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof, wherein the heat-resistant porcelain is prepared from a blank and a glaze, the blank is prepared from petalite, bentonite, nodular clay, spodumene, cordierite, lithium carbonate, strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicate, and the glaze is prepared from petalite, talc, bentonite, cordierite, nodular clay, spodumene, strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicate. The porcelain obtained by the invention is a thin-bodied porcelain, and has high strength and poor heat resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain processing, in particular to a heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The daily porcelain such as a plate, a bowl, a cup, a dish and the like is widely applied to families, hotels and restaurants, has the advantages of sanitation, easy cleaning and the like, and is quite popular with people. The cooking porcelain is a relatively special daily porcelain, such as a soup pot, a frying pan, a stew pot and the like, which not only contacts with food, but also is used in a heating environment, and has higher requirements on heat resistance besides the common sanitary requirements, so the cooking porcelain has to meet the requirements of the heat-resistant porcelain. The international market has high requirements on the performance of the heat-resistant porcelain, and the porcelain must be dried and burnt to 800 ℃ and put into normal-temperature water without cracking.
The existing heat-resistant porcelain can be roughly divided into two types: mgO-Al with talcum-clay-feldspar ternary component 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 System, in spodumene-kaolin-longLi of ternary composition of stone 2 O·Al 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 A system; the former has a main crystal phase of cordierite and a thermal expansion coefficient of 4 to 6 x 10 -6 /° C, the main crystal phase of the latter is lithium feldspar and mullite, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the latter is 3-4 multiplied by 10 -6 V. C. The two heat-resistant porcelain products are fired at 1280-1320 ℃, but the highest temperature of the thermal shock resistance is only 450-600 ℃; the defects are obvious, firstly, the porcelain has higher thermal expansion coefficient and poorer thermal shock resistance, and can not be used under harsher conditions; secondly, the firing temperature is higher and the energy consumption is high.
The matrix of heat-resisting porcelain on the market at present is all than thicker, this because the matrix is thick more is favorable to the product shaping, also helps improving the intensity and the heat resistance of product, however, the matrix is thick can lead to the materials many, and is with high costs, and the natural price is also high, and moreover, the product is heavier, and is inconvenient during the use. Therefore, how to balance the relationship between the thin tire and the strength and heat resistance is very important.
Patent CN108640654B discloses a heat-resistant ceramic product, comprising a ceramic body and a heat-resistant glaze, wherein the heat-resistant glaze is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the ceramic product; the ceramic product comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-28 parts of spodumene, 9-15 parts of petalite, 8-14 parts of quartz, 9-14 parts of kaolin, 25-33 parts of sea mud, 6-9 parts of cordierite, 3-5 parts of mullite powder, 10-13 parts of titanium oxide and 7-10 parts of molten salt. The preparation method comprises the steps of material preparation and pulping, injection molding, calcining, material preparation and ball milling, glazing and firing. The heat resistance of the patent technology depends on the surface glaze layer, the heat resistance is difficult to ensure in practical application, and the sintering temperature is above 1300 ℃, so that the energy consumption is high.
Patent CN102320813B discloses a heat-resistant ceramic food utensil which can be fired on open fire, and the blank body of the utensil comprises kaolin, spodumene, lithium porcelain stone, carbon-free silicon whisker, bentonite, calcined talc and clay. The production method comprises the following steps: dispersing carbon-free silicon whiskers by adopting a mechanical low-speed ball milling method, taking water as a ball milling medium, and adopting a rotation speed of 250r/min in the ball milling process according to the weight ratio: ball: water =1:2:1.2, ball milling for 3-4 hours, and drying to obtain a dry material after the ball milling is finished; further comprising the steps of: proportioning, adding water, ball milling, sieving, removing iron, filter pressing, pugging, molding, drying, biscuiting, glazing and firing. The sintering temperature of the patent technology is above 1300 ℃, the energy consumption is high, and the carcass is still thick in order to ensure the strength and the heat resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of poor strength and heat resistance of the thin-bodied porcelain and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a heat-resistant porcelain which is prepared from a blank and a glaze material:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of petalite, 20-22 parts of bentonite, 12-15 parts of nodular clay, 10-12 parts of spodumene, 5-7 parts of cordierite, 2.5-3.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 2.5-3.5 parts of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 2-3 parts of nano zirconium silicate and 1.5-2.5 parts of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of petalite, 15-17 parts of talc, 5-7 parts of bentonite, 4-6 parts of cordierite, 3-5 parts of nodular clay, 2-3 parts of spodumene, 2-3 parts of diopside, 2.5-3.5 parts of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 1.5-2.5 parts of nano zirconium silicate and 1.5-2.5 parts of nano lithium silicide.
Preferably, the strontium oxide-modified silica fine particles are obtained by the following production method in parts by weight: adding 15-20 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 10-12 parts of citric acid and 1-2 parts of strontium acetate into 200-220 parts of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 600-630 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 120-140 parts of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH to be 7-8, stirring and reacting at 40-50 ℃ to form gel, then adding 120-140 parts of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 420-450 ℃ for 3-4 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5-7 times of anhydrous ethanol, and treating for 3-4 hours by using a colloid mill at 2500-3000 r/min to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate.
Further preferably, the plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 28-30 kW, and the carrier gas flow is 6-8 slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 8-10 slpm, and the argon flow is 55-60 slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 60-65 kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 5-7 r/min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200-210 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing the lithium powder and the silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8-10 hours by a wet method of 70-80, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in ball milling is 1-2 mol/L diphenyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the heat-resistant porcelain comprises the steps of respectively crushing and mixing blank raw materials and glaze raw materials according to the formula amount, and performing wet ball milling to obtain blank slurry and glaze slurry; preparing the biscuit slurry into a biscuit body, biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, uniformly applying glaze slurry on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, and firing and forming to obtain the heat-resistant porcelain; wherein the process conditions of biscuiting are as follows: biscuiting is carried out for 4 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 500 and 520 ℃; the firing forming process conditions are as follows: heating the mixture from room temperature to 300-320 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 50-60 minutes; then heating to 940-960 ℃ at the speed of 5-6 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 3-4 hours; then heating to 1050-1100 ℃ at 1-2 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and keeping the temperature for 3-4 hours; finally, naturally cooling to room temperature; before applying glaze slurry on the surface of a biscuit, carrying out surface treatment, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400-500 mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10-15 mL/min, the pressure is 0.5-0.7 MPa, the deposition temperature is 700-750 ℃, and the deposition time is 10-12 hours.
Preferably, the thickness of the biscuit is 0.8-1 mm, and the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.08-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the raw materials are ground and mixed, and then wet-ground in a ball mill for 15 to 17 hours, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water =1: 1.2-1.5: 1 to 1.2.
Preferably, the strontium oxide-modified silica particles, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide in the blank raw material are pre-mixed to obtain a premix, the premix is modified by stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and the modified premix is mixed with other raw materials; the specific method of the modification treatment comprises the following steps: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ under the condition of 400-500W for 60-80 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10 to 12:21 to 24.
Preferably, after the glaze raw materials are crushed and mixed, the mixture is wet-ground in a ball mill for 40 to 42 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials: ball: water =1: 1.6-1.8: 1 to 1.2.
Preferably, the strontium oxide-modified silica particles, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide in the glaze raw materials are pre-mixed to obtain a premix, the premix is modified by stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and the modified premix is mixed with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ under the condition of 400-500W for 60-80 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, stearic acid and glycol is 1:10 to 12:21 to 24.
Preferably, the glazing method is dipping or spraying glaze.
Preferably, the flow rate of the carbon monoxide gas is 8 to 10L/h.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the porcelain is prepared from a blank and a glaze, wherein the blank is prepared from petalite, bentonite, nodular clay, spodumene, cordierite, lithium carbonate, strontium oxide modified silica particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide, and the glaze is prepared from petalite, talc, bentonite, cordierite, nodular clay, lithium porcelain, diopside, strontium oxide modified silica particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide. The porcelain obtained by the invention is a thin-bodied porcelain, and has high strength and poor heat resistance.
In the raw materials of the blank, petalite is a framework silicate mineral and contains lithium, so that the porcelain has low thermal expansion coefficient and good heat resistance; the bentonite takes montmorillonite as a main mineral component, has better plasticity and cohesiveness, and ensures the strength of the porcelain; the knar clay is composed of fine kaolinite particles, particle quartz is sandwiched between the fine kaolinite particles, more carbon humus is contained, and the knar clay contains organic substances which can be hydrolyzed to form protective colloid, so that the forming performance of slurry is improved, the strength of the porcelain is improved, but the firing shrinkage of the knar clay is larger; the spodumene contains lithium, so that the expansion coefficient of the porcelain is reduced, the heat resistance is improved, and the spodumene has a mineralization effect, is beneficial to reducing the sintering temperature and the energy consumption, and simultaneously improves the density and the strength of the porcelain; the thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite is low, so that the expansion coefficient of the porcelain can be reduced, and the heat resistance is further improved; the addition of the lithium carbonate is beneficial to the reduction of the sintering temperature, so that the energy consumption is further reduced; the nanometer zirconium silicate is prepared by taking nanometer zirconium oxide and nanometer silicon oxide as raw materials, is prepared into a spherical nanometer structure through plasma nanometer powder spheroidizing equipment, can be used as a sintering nucleating agent to be uniformly distributed in a blank body, is rapidly sintered and nucleated, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, ensures that the size of the sintered solid phase crystal grains is uniform, the structure of each area of the blank body is uniform and compact, reduces the expansion coefficient of the porcelain, and improves the heat resistance; the nano lithium silicide is prepared by taking lithium powder and silicon dioxide powder as raw materials, so that the silicon and lithium contents in the blank are improved, and the strength and the heat resistance of the porcelain are improved. Namely, the bentonite provides basic strength for the porcelain, the petalite provides basic heat resistance for the porcelain, the pyroligneous clay improves the mud forming performance through the formation of the protective colloid, the bentonite has a synergistic effect, and the porcelain strength is improved, but the pyroligneous clay brings the problem of large firing shrinkage while the strength of the porcelain is synergistically improved, so the applicant further introduces nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide have a nano structure, the nano structure can play a filling effect on the pyroligneous clay, the firing shrinkage of the pyroligneous clay is reduced, the product strength is improved, and the heat conductivity of the nano structure also contributes to further improvement of the heat resistance of the porcelain. The two nano materials of nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicate are selected because the nano zirconium silicate can also be used as a sintering nucleating agent to be uniformly distributed in a blank, the sintering is a process of carrying out high-temperature sintering on the blank to ensure that the blank is qualitatively changed into a ceramic product, the blank can generate a series of physical and chemical changes in the sintering process to form a certain mineral composition and a microstructure, and in the process, the nano zirconium silicate can play a role of a catalyst to promote the oxidative decomposition reaction, the recrystallization of a new phase and the vitrification of the blank; the nanometer lithium silicide has small particle size, can be adsorbed on the surface of the nanometer zirconium silicate, further improves the specific surface area, improves the sintering nucleation effect of the nanometer zirconium silicate, and improves the heat resistance of the porcelain. The spodumene increases the lithium content in the blank, reduces the expansion coefficient of the porcelain by cooperating with petalite, and has certain fluxing action on other components, thereby reducing the overall sintering temperature. Cordierite is an orthorhombic system, magnesium ions and ferrous ions contained in the cordierite are both in quartic coordination, and the magnesium ions and ferrous ions are usually in sextic coordination, so that the deficient coordination positions in the cordierite promote the combination with spodumene (the cordierite belongs to an orthorhombic system, the spodumene belongs to a monoclinic system, and the cross section of a crystal of the monoclinic system is similar to that of the orthorhombic system, so that the combination of the cordierite and the monoclinic system is facilitated), and the cordierite and the monoclinic system have a synergistic effect, so that the strength of a product is further improved and the heat resistance is improved while the overall sintering temperature is reduced.
In the raw materials of the glaze, petalite is a framework silicate mineral and contains lithium, so that the porcelain has low thermal expansion coefficient and good heat resistance; the talc is soft and greasy, has good hand feeling, but is easy to leave scratches; the bentonite takes montmorillonite as a main mineral component, has better plasticity and cohesiveness, and ensures the strength of the porcelain; the thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite is low, so that the expansion coefficient of the porcelain can be reduced, and the heat resistance is further improved; the wood-knot clay consists ofThe porcelain consists of fine kaolinite particles, fine quartz particles are sandwiched between the fine kaolinite particles, more carbon humus is contained in the fine kaolinite particles, and the fine kaolinite particles contain organic substances which can be hydrolyzed to form protective colloid, so that the forming performance of slurry is improved, the strength of the porcelain is improved, and the firing shrinkage of the nodular clay is larger; the lithium porcelain has pure lithoid, good whiteness and good fluxing capacity, and is beneficial to improving the strength of the porcelain; diopside is beneficial to improving the glossiness of a glaze surface, and can reduce the firing temperature and energy consumption; the nanometer zirconium silicate is prepared by taking nanometer zirconium oxide and nanometer silicon oxide as raw materials, is prepared into a spherical nanometer structure through plasma nanometer powder spheroidizing equipment, can be used as a sintering nucleating agent to be uniformly distributed in a glaze layer, is rapidly sintered for nucleation, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, ensures that the size of the sintered solid phase crystal grains is uniform, the structure of each area of the glaze layer is uniform and compact, reduces the expansion coefficient of the porcelain, and improves the heat resistance; the nano lithium silicide is prepared by taking lithium powder and silicon dioxide powder as raw materials, so that the content of silicon and lithium in the glaze is increased, and the strength and heat resistance of the porcelain are improved. Namely, the bentonite provides basic strength for the porcelain, the petalite provides basic heat resistance for the porcelain, the pyroligneous clay improves the mud forming performance through the formation of the protective colloid, the bentonite has a synergistic effect, and the porcelain strength is improved, but the pyroligneous clay brings the problem of large firing shrinkage while the strength of the porcelain is synergistically improved, so the applicant further introduces nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide have a nano structure, can play a filling effect on the talc and the pyroligneous clay, avoid the generation of scratches, reduce the firing shrinkage of the pyroligneous clay, improve the product strength, and the heat conductivity of the nano structure also contributes to the further improvement of the heat resistance of the porcelain. In addition, the nanometer zirconium silicate is uniformly distributed in the blank as a sintering nucleating agent, the particle size of the nanometer lithium silicate is smaller, and the nanometer lithium silicate can be adsorbed on the surface of the nanometer zirconium silicate, so that the specific surface area is further increased, the sintering nucleating effect of the nanometer zirconium silicate is improved, and the heat resistance of the porcelain is improved. Using lithium porcelain Stone (SiO) in glaze 2 ·Al 2 O 3 ·Li 2 O·K 2 O·Na 2 O) replacement of spodumene (LiAl (SiO) in the slurry 3 ) 2 /Li 2 O·Al 2 O 3 ·4SiO 2 ) Lithium porcelain stoneCompared with spodumene, the porcelain has the advantages of pure texture and higher alkali metal content, further improves the fluxing capacity to other components, and is beneficial to the improvement of the strength and the heat resistance of the porcelain.
The raw materials of the blank and the glaze also comprise strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, and the particles with small particle size have a filling effect on tiny pores, so that the improvement of the product strength is facilitated; on the other hand, the surface-modified strontium oxide can form a perovskite structure similar to strontium zirconate with zirconium silicate, lithium silicide and the like in the firing forming process, so that the heat resistance of the product is further improved.
In the invention, carbon monoxide gas is introduced in the final firing and forming step to generate chemical vapor reaction, and a silicon carbide layered or nanowire structure is generated in the biscuit and the glaze layer framework, so that the functions of coating and filling are achieved, and the strength and the heat resistance of the porcelain are further improved. And before the surface of the biscuit is applied with the glaze slurry, the surface treatment is carried out, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and placing the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, performing chemical vapor deposition by using tetraethoxysilane, thermally decomposing the tetraethoxysilane to generate silicon dioxide, and depositing the silicon dioxide on the surface in a film form or filling pores to further improve the strength and the heat resistance of the porcelain.
When preparing blank slurry, mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide in the blank raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; in the preparation of glaze slip, the glaze raw materials are also prepared by a similar premixing method. The premix reduces the surface polarity under the action of stearic acid and glycol, improves the dispersibility of the premix, and avoids agglomeration in the process of preparing blank slurry and glaze slurry, thereby ensuring the strength and heat resistance of the product.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1:
a heat-resistant porcelain is prepared from a blank and glaze:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 500g of petalite, 200g of bentonite, 120g of nodular clay, 100g of spodumene, 50g of cordierite, 25g of lithium carbonate, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 20g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 200g of petalite, 150g of talcum, 50g of bentonite, 40g of cordierite, 30g of nodular clay, 20g of hectorite, 20g of diopside, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 15g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: adding 15g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 12g of citric acid and 1g of strontium acetate into 220g of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 140g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =7, stirring at 50 ℃ to react to form gel, then adding 120g of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, and treating for 3 hours by using a 2500r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 28kW, and the carrier gas flow is 6slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 8slpm, and the argon flow is 55slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 60kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 5r/min.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing the lithium powder and the silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8 hours by a wet method, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 1mol/L diphenyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, wet grinding the mixture in a ball mill for 15 hours to obtain blank slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2:1; the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then are ground in a ball mill for 40 hours by a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.6:1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, biscuit firing is carried out for 4 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.8mm, and then the surface treatment is carried out on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10mL/min, the pressure is 0.5MPa, the deposition temperature is 700 ℃, and the deposition time is 10 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.08mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50 minutes; then raising the temperature to 940 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours; heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at the speed of 8L/h, preserving the temperature for 1 hour, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing preserving the temperature for 3 hours; and finally, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the heat-resistant porcelain.
Mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide in the blank raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of the modification treatment comprises the following steps: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
example 2:
a heat-resistant porcelain is prepared from a blank and glaze:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 600g of petalite, 220g of bentonite, 150g of nodular clay, 120g of spodumene, 70g of cordierite, 35g of lithium carbonate, 35g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 30g of nano zirconium silicate and 25g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 300g of petalite, 170g of talcum, 70g of bentonite, 60g of cordierite, 50g of nodular clay, 30g of laponite, 30g of diopside, 35g of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 25g of nano zirconium silicate and 25g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: adding 20g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 10g of citric acid and 2g of strontium acetate into 200g of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 630g of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 120g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =8, stirring at 40 ℃ to react to form gel, then adding 140g of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 420 ℃ for 4 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 7 times of anhydrous ethanol, and treating for 4 hours by using a 3000r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 30kW, and the carrier gas flow is 8slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 10slpm, and the argon flow is 60slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 65kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 7r/min.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 210 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing lithium powder and silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 10 hours by a wet method, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 2mol/L diphenyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 17 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.5:1.2; crushing and mixing glaze raw materials, and wet grinding for 42 hours in a ball mill to obtain glaze slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials: ball: water =1:1.8:1.2;
(2) Then preparing the blank slurry into a blank body, biscuiting at 520 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a biscuit with the thickness of 1mm, and then carrying out surface treatment on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 500mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 15mL/min, the pressure is 0.7MPa, the deposition temperature is 750 ℃, and the deposition time is 12 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (dipping glaze) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.1mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 320 ℃ from room temperature at 4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 60 minutes; then raising the temperature to 960 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 1100 deg.C at 2 deg.C/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at a rate of 10L/h, maintaining for 2 hr, stopping introducing carbon monoxide gas, and maintaining for 4 hr; and finally, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the heat-resistant porcelain.
Pre-mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in blank raw materials to obtain a premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 80 minutes at 500W, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, stearic acid and glycol is 1:12:24.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at 500W for 80 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:12:24.
example 3:
a heat-resistant porcelain is prepared from a blank and glaze:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 550g of petalite, 210g of bentonite, 130g of nodular clay, 110g of spodumene, 60g of cordierite, 30g of lithium carbonate, 30g of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 25g of nano zirconium silicate and 20g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 250g of petalite, 160g of talcum, 60g of bentonite, 50g of cordierite, 40g of nodular clay, 25g of laponite, 25g of diopside, 30g of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 20g of nano zirconium silicate and 20g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: firstly, 18g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 11g of citric acid and 1.5g of strontium acetate are added into 210g of deionized water, the mixture is uniformly stirred and dispersed, then 620g of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred and slowly added with 130g of tetraethyl silicate, the pH =7.5 is adjusted, the mixture is stirred and reacted at 45 ℃ to form gel, then 130g of n-butyl alcohol is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred and distilled to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, the mixture is calcined at 440 ℃ for 3.5 hours, and the gel is crushed, so that the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid is obtained.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using absolute ethyl alcohol with the weight 6 times that of the mixed powder, and processing the mixed powder for 3.5 hours by using a 3000r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then, carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidization equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 30kW, and the carrier gas flow is 7slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 9slpm, and the argon flow is 58slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 62kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 6r/min.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 205 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing the lithium powder and the silicon dioxide powder according to a molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 9 hours by a wet method, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 1.5mol/L diphenyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 16 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.3:1.1; crushing and mixing glaze raw materials, and grinding in a ball mill for 41 hours in a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.7:1.1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, biscuit firing is carried out for 4.5 hours at 510 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.9mm, and then the surface treatment is carried out on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: placing the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 450mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 12mL/min, the pressure is 0.6MPa, the deposition temperature is 720 ℃, and the deposition time is 11 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.09mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 310 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 3.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 55 minutes; then raising the temperature to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5.5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 3.5 hours; heating to 1080 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at the speed of 9L/h, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing to preserve the heat for 3.5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the heat-resistant porcelain.
Pre-mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in blank raw materials to obtain a premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of the modification treatment comprises the following steps: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 75 ℃ for 70 minutes at 500W, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, stearic acid and glycol is 1:11:23.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out 500W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 60-80 minutes at 75 ℃, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, stearic acid and glycol is 1:11:22.
comparative example 1
A porcelain is made of blanks and glaze materials:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 500g of petalite, 200g of bentonite, 120g of nodular clay, 100g of spodumene, 50g of cordierite, 25g of lithium carbonate, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles and 15g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 200g of petalite, 150g of talcum, 50g of bentonite, 40g of cordierite, 30g of nodular clay, 20g of laponite, 20g of diopside, 25g of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and 15g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: adding 15g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 12g of citric acid and 1g of strontium acetate into 220g of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 140g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =7, stirring at 50 ℃ to react to form gel, then adding 120g of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing lithium powder and silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8 hours by a wet method of 70 ℃, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 1mol/L biphenyl ethyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 15 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2:1; the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then are ground in a ball mill for 40 hours by a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.6:1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, biscuit firing is carried out for 4 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.8mm, and then the surface treatment is carried out on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10mL/min, the pressure is 0.5MPa, the deposition temperature is 700 ℃, and the deposition time is 10 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.08mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50 minutes; then raising the temperature to 940 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours; heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at the speed of 8L/h, preserving the temperature for 1 hour, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing preserving the temperature for 3 hours; and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the porcelain.
Mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and the nano lithium silicide in the blank raw materials in advance to obtain premix, modifying by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and the nano lithium silicide in the glaze raw materials in advance to obtain a premix, modifying the premix by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
comparative example 2
A porcelain is made of blanks and glaze materials:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 500g of petalite, 200g of bentonite, 120g of nodular clay, 100g of spodumene, 50g of cordierite, 25g of lithium carbonate, 25g of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and 20g of nano zirconium silicate;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 200g of petalite, 150g of talcum, 50g of bentonite, 40g of cordierite, 30g of nodular clay, 20g of laponite, 20g of diopside, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles and 15g of nano zirconium silicate.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: adding 15g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 12g of citric acid and 1g of strontium acetate into 220g of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 140g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =7, stirring at 50 ℃ to react to form gel, then adding 120g of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, and treating for 3 hours by using a 2500r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 28kW, and the carrier gas flow is 6slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 8slpm, and the argon flow is 55slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 60kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 5r/min.
The processing technology of the porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 15 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2:1; the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then are ground in a ball mill for 40 hours by a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.6:1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, biscuit firing is carried out for 4 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.8mm, and then the surface treatment is carried out on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: placing the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10mL/min, the pressure is 0.5MPa, the deposition temperature is 700 ℃, and the deposition time is 10 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.08mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50 minutes; then raising the temperature to 940 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours; heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at the speed of 8L/h, preserving the temperature for 1 hour, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing preserving the temperature for 3 hours; and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the porcelain.
Mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and the nano zirconium silicate in the blank raw materials in advance to obtain premix, modifying by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles and nano zirconium silicate in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
comparative example 3
A porcelain is made of blanks and glaze materials:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 500g of petalite, 200g of bentonite, 120g of nodular clay, 100g of spodumene, 50g of cordierite, 25g of lithium carbonate, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 20g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 200g of petalite, 150g of talcum, 50g of bentonite, 40g of cordierite, 30g of nodular clay, 20g of hectorite, 20g of diopside, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 15g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: adding 15g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 12g of citric acid and 1g of strontium acetate into 220g of deionized water, uniformly stirring and dispersing, then adding 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, slowly adding 140g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =7, stirring at 50 ℃ to react to form gel, then adding 120g of n-butyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, and treating for 3 hours by using a 2500r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 28kW, and the carrier gas flow is 6slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 8slpm, and the argon flow is 55slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 60kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 5r/min.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing the lithium powder and the silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8 hours by a wet method of 70 ℃, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 1mol/L biphenyl ethyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 15 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2:1; the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then are ground in a ball mill for 40 hours by a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.6:1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, and biscuit firing is carried out for 4 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.8 mm;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.08mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50 minutes; then raising the temperature to 940 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours; heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas at the speed of 8L/h, preserving the temperature for 1 hour, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing preserving the temperature for 3 hours; and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the porcelain.
Pre-mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in blank raw materials to obtain a premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare a modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, stearic acid and glycol is 1:10:21.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of modification treatment is as follows: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
comparative example 4
A porcelain is made of blanks and glaze materials:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 500g of petalite, 200g of bentonite, 120g of nodular clay, 100g of spodumene, 50g of cordierite, 25g of lithium carbonate, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 20g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 200g of petalite, 150g of talcum, 50g of bentonite, 40g of cordierite, 30g of nodular clay, 20g of hectorite, 20g of diopside, 25g of strontium oxide modified silica particles, 15g of nano zirconium silicate and 15g of nano lithium silicide.
Wherein, the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles are obtained by the following preparation method: firstly adding 15g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 12g of citric acid and 1g of strontium acetate into 220g of deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly adding 140g of tetraethyl silicate, adjusting the pH =7, stirring and reacting at 50 ℃ to form gel, then adding 120g of n-butyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, distilling to remove water and the n-butyl alcohol, calcining at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, and treating for 3 hours by using a 2500r/min colloid mill to obtain a suspension; and then, carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidization equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate. The plasma power of the plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment is 28kW, and the carrier gas flow is 6slpm; the working gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and argon, the hydrogen flow is 8slpm, and the argon flow is 55slpm; the pressure of the reaction chamber is 60kPa, and the rotating speed of the liquid powder feeder is 5r/min.
The preparation method of the nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃ under the inert atmosphere, and mixing the lithium powder and the silicon dioxide powder according to the molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8 hours by a wet method of 70 ℃, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in the ball milling is 1mol/L biphenyl ethyl ether solution.
The processing technology of the porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, crushing and mixing blank raw materials, and then, carrying out wet grinding for 15 hours in a ball mill to obtain blank slurry, wherein a grinding medium is water, and the blank raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2:1; the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then are ground in a ball mill for 40 hours by a wet method to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.6:1;
(2) Then the blank slurry is made into a blank body, biscuit firing is carried out for 4 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a biscuit with 0.8mm, and then the surface treatment is carried out on the biscuit, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10mL/min, the pressure is 0.5MPa, the deposition temperature is 700 ℃, and the deposition time is 10 hours;
(3) Then evenly applying glaze slip (glaze spraying) on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a 0.08mm glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50 minutes; then raising the temperature to 940 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours; then heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 4 hours; and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the porcelain.
Mixing the strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, the nano zirconium silicate and the nano lithium silicide in the blank raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of the modification treatment comprises the following steps: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ under 400W for 60 minutes, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
mixing strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, nano zirconium silicate and nano lithium silicide in glaze raw materials in advance to obtain premix, performing modification treatment by using stearic acid and ethylene glycol to prepare modified premix, and mixing the modified premix with other raw materials; the specific method of the modification treatment comprises the following steps: adding the premix and stearic acid into ethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment at 400W for 60 minutes at 70 ℃, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the stearic acid to the ethylene glycol is 1:10:21.
the strength and heat resistance of the ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
impact strength: the test is carried out by referring to QB/T1993-2012 'ceramic ware impact resistance test method';
coefficient of thermal expansion: testing the linear thermal expansion coefficient by referring to GB/T16535-2008 'Fine ceramic linear thermal expansion coefficient test method ejector rod method';
and (3) thermal shock resistance test: the test is carried out by referring to GB/T3298-2008 'method for testing thermal shock resistance of domestic ceramics'.
TABLE 1 porcelain Performance test
As is clear from Table 1, the ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 3 had high impact strength, low coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal shock resistance, and the ceramics were found to have good strength and heat resistance.
Comparative example 1 omits nanometer zirconium silicate when preparing blank and glaze, comparative example 2 omits nanometer lithium silicide when preparing blank and glaze, comparative example 3 does not carry on surface treatment before the surface glazing slip, comparative example 4 does not let in the carbon monoxide gas while sintering, the intensity and heat resistance of the porcelain got are obviously worsened, explain the composition of blank, glaze and surface treatment of the blank in the preparation process, sintering method synergistic action, optimize the porcelain microstructure, improve intensity and heat resistance of the porcelain.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heat-resistant porcelain is characterized by being prepared from a blank and a glaze material:
the blank is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of petalite, 20-22 parts of bentonite, 12-15 parts of nodular clay, 10-12 parts of spodumene, 5-7 parts of cordierite, 2.5-3.5 parts of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 2.5-3.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 2-3 parts of nano zirconium silicate and 1.5-2.5 parts of nano lithium silicide;
the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of petalite, 15-17 parts of talc, 5-7 parts of bentonite, 4-6 parts of cordierite, 3-5 parts of nodular clay, 2-3 parts of spodumene, 2-3 parts of diopside, 2.5-3.5 parts of strontium oxide modified silicon dioxide particles, 1.5-2.5 parts of nano zirconium silicate and 1.5-2.5 parts of nano lithium silicide.
2. The heat-resistant porcelain according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nano zirconium silicate comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nano zirconia and nano silicon oxide according to a molar ratio of 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; then, uniformly dispersing the mixed powder by using 5-7 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, and treating for 3-4 hours by using a colloid mill at 2500-3000 r/min to obtain a suspension; and then carrying out agglomeration, spheroidization and densification treatment on the suspension by using plasma nano powder spheroidizing equipment to obtain the nano zirconium silicate.
3. The heat-resistant porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of nano lithium silicide comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature to be 200-210 ℃ in an inert atmosphere, and mixing lithium powder and silicon dioxide powder according to a molar ratio of 1: ball milling for 8-10 hours by a wet method of 70-80, and drying in vacuum to obtain the nano lithium silicide; wherein, the ball milling medium used in ball milling is 1-2 mol/L diphenyl ether solution.
4. The process for processing a heat-resistant porcelain according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blank raw materials and the glaze raw materials in the formula amount are respectively crushed, mixed and subjected to wet ball milling to obtain blank slurry and glaze slurry; preparing the biscuit slurry into a blank body, carrying out biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, then uniformly applying glaze slurry on the surface of the biscuit, drying to form a glaze layer, transferring the glaze layer into a kiln, and firing and forming to obtain the heat-resistant porcelain; wherein the process conditions of biscuiting are as follows: biscuiting is carried out for 4 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 500 and 520 ℃; the firing forming process conditions are as follows: heating the mixture from room temperature to 300-320 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 50-60 minutes; then heating to 940-960 ℃ at the speed of 5-6 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 3-4 hours; heating to 1050-1100 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min, introducing carbon monoxide gas, preserving the temperature for 1-2 hours, stopping introducing the carbon monoxide gas, and continuing preserving the temperature for 3-4 hours; finally, naturally cooling to room temperature; before applying glaze slurry on the surface of a biscuit, carrying out surface treatment, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: putting the biscuit in a vapor deposition furnace, introducing argon and oxygen, and performing chemical vapor deposition by adopting tetraethoxysilane; the flow rate of argon is 400-500 mL/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 10-15 mL/min, the pressure is 0.5-0.7 MPa, the deposition temperature is 700-750 ℃, and the deposition time is 10-12 hours.
5. The process for manufacturing a heat-resistant porcelain according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the green body is 0.8 to 1mm, and the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.08 to 0.1mm.
6. The heat-resistant porcelain processing technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein the raw materials are ground and mixed, and then wet-ground in a ball mill for 15 to 17 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water =1: 1.2-1.5: 1 to 1.2.
7. The process of claim 4, wherein the glaze raw materials are ground and mixed, and then wet-ground in a ball mill for 40-42 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the glaze raw materials: ball: water =1: 1.6-1.8: 1 to 1.2.
8. The process for manufacturing a heat-resistant chinaware as claimed in claim 4, wherein the glaze slurry is applied by dipping or spraying.
9. The process for manufacturing a heat-resistant porcelain according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of the carbon monoxide gas is 8 to 10L/h.
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