CN115303826A - Automatic loading equipment for truck - Google Patents
Automatic loading equipment for truck Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115303826A CN115303826A CN202211238784.2A CN202211238784A CN115303826A CN 115303826 A CN115303826 A CN 115303826A CN 202211238784 A CN202211238784 A CN 202211238784A CN 115303826 A CN115303826 A CN 115303826A
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- Prior art keywords
- container
- automatic loading
- platform
- conveying line
- line
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
- B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
- B65G67/20—Loading covered vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G35/00—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
- B65G43/08—Control devices operated by article or material being fed, conveyed or discharged
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
- B65G47/82—Rotary or reciprocating members for direct action on articles or materials, e.g. pushers, rakes, shovels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
- B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
- B65G57/09—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack from alongside
- B65G57/10—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack from alongside by devices, e.g. reciprocating, acting directly on articles for horizontal transport to the top of stack
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
- B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
- B65G57/16—Stacking of articles of particular shape
- B65G57/20—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical
- B65G57/22—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical in layers each of predetermined arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/04—Detection means
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of logistics stacking, and particularly relates to automatic truck loading equipment for a truck; comprises an automatic loading mechanism and a container supply mechanism; the automatic loading mechanism comprises a container conveying line, the feeding end of the container conveying line is connected with the container supply mechanism, the unloading end of the container conveying line is provided with a container arrangement platform, and the container arrangement platform is connected with the execution end of the lifting mechanism; the container arrangement platform comprises a roller platform in the middle and material plates on two sides, and the roller platform is aligned with the container conveying line; the roller platform is internally provided with a box shifting plate which transversely moves in a width range, the material plates are provided with a material pushing rod which can slide along the length direction of the material plates, and after materials are fed from the material box conveying line, the box shifting plate sequentially shifts the material plates on two sides to deliver the material boxes, so that the material boxes are arranged into a row one by one. According to the automatic loading equipment for the truck, the cargo box is automatically stacked in the truck carriage, a large amount of manual labor is not needed, the number of workers is reduced, the working intensity of the workers is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of logistics stacking, and particularly relates to automatic truck loading equipment for a truck.
Background
In commodity circulation pile up neatly trade, generally adopt artifical pile up neatly with the packing box pile up neatly in putting things in good order the freight train among the prior art, the demand that has not suitablely present automated production, pile up neatly is inefficient, and at the pile up neatly in-process, and staff's intensity of labour is big, has increased the personnel selection cost of enterprise, extravagant manpower resources.
In the published technical literature, the utility model with the publication number of CN205187410U discloses an automatic loading robot system, wherein a mounting platform is arranged at the rear side of a truck, a telescopic conveyor is arranged on the mounting platform, the front end of the telescopic conveyor extends into a carriage of the truck, a moving trolley is arranged in the carriage of the truck, the moving trolley is positioned at one side of the telescopic conveyor, and six robots are arranged on the moving trolley; goods are conveyed into the container through the telescopic conveyor, the robot stacks the goods in the container in order, the stacking process of the robot is anthropomorphic, containers are conveyed one by one, although manpower is liberated, the loading efficiency is not obviously improved; perhaps can satisfy 4 meters 2 minivans and use, if for the trailer carriage loading of 13 meters length, the loading time is long, seriously restricts the conveying efficiency.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN104724516B discloses an automatic loading device suitable for a van, which has the working principle that: after a transport vehicle to be loaded is parked at a loading position, an operator controls the universal moving platform to drive the transport vehicle into a boxcar along the length direction of the transport vehicle, then the telescopic conveyor conveys articles to the slope conveyor, the slope conveyor conveys the articles to the bag stacking conveyor, the bidirectional moving mechanism drives the bag stacking conveyor to move left and right in the horizontal direction according to the stacking sequence, the bag stacking conveyor utilizes a conveying belt to convey the articles forward to throw out the articles, the first layer of articles are stacked, then the bidirectional moving mechanism drives the bag stacking conveyor to rise to a certain height and starts to stack the second layer until the stacked articles are close to the top of the boxcar, then the universal moving platform moves a certain distance out of the boxcar, the bag stacking conveyor descends to the lowest position, the first layer is stacked again, and the steps are repeated in such a way until the articles are filled in the whole boxcar. Then, the bag stacking conveyor is composed of three parallel conveying belts, which means that only three containers can be conveyed side by side, namely the width of the container cannot be larger than that of the conveying belts, and when the width of the container is smaller than that of the conveying belts, the gap between the containers cannot be eliminated, so that the waste of the space of the container is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, provides the automatic loading equipment for the freight cars for the box goods, can finish the automatic loading and stacking of the freight cars, improves the loading efficiency, is suitable for box/box goods with various specifications, and is suitable for various freight vehicles in society.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an automatic loading device of a truck comprises an automatic loading mechanism and a container supply mechanism; the container supply mechanism is used for delivering a container to the automatic loading mechanism, the automatic loading mechanism can move along the depth of the carriage, and the container supply mechanism comprises a telescopic conveying section;
the automatic loading mechanism comprises a container conveying line, a loading end of the container conveying line is connected with the container supply mechanism, a unloading end is provided with a container arrangement platform, the container arrangement platform is connected with an execution end of the lifting mechanism, and the container arrangement platform moves downwards to be in butt joint with the unloading end of the container conveying line and moves upwards to be aligned with the stacking height of the containers;
the total width of the container arrangement platform is matched with the width of the carriage, a baffle capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the unloading side of the container arrangement platform, the container arrangement platform comprises a roller platform in the middle and material plates on two sides, and the roller platform is aligned with the container conveying line; the box shifting plate is arranged in the roller platform and transversely moves in a width range, the material plate is provided with a material pushing rod capable of sliding along the length direction of the material plate, the material pushing rod is connected with the width range of the material plate and can extend into the roller platform, after materials are fed from the container conveying line, the box shifting plate sequentially shifts the material plates on two sides to send containers, and the containers are arranged in a row one by one.
Furthermore, the automatic loading mechanism comprises a frame, a conveying belt, a feeding roller line and an AGV trolley, wherein the feeding roller line and the conveying belt are sequentially arranged on the frame between the container supply mechanism and the container arrangement platform to form a conveying line, wheels are distributed below the frame, and the AGV trolley is used for dragging the frame at the bottom of the frame.
Further, hoist mechanism includes lifting support, the chain, arrange two sets of flexible grudging posts of conveyer belt both sides respectively in, flexible grudging post is including the several slide rail of pegging graft step by step, be connected with the jacking component between the slide rail of adjacent level, first-stage slide rail is articulated with the frame, be connected with flexible bracing component between first-stage slide rail and the frame, the assembly pulley restriction at lifting support both ends is in the guide slot of both sides final stage slide rail, including two pulleys that are the erector and arrange in the assembly pulley, the top of final stage slide rail is provided with the sprocket, the one end of chain and the last one-level sliding rail connection of final stage slide rail, the other end is walked around the sprocket and is connected with lifting support.
Further, the bottom surface of flitch is provided with the hold-in range between the both ends of length, and the motor is connected to one of them band pulley in the hold-in range, and the ejector pin pole includes female pole and son pole, and the slider of being connected with the hold-in range stretches out from the straight line groove of flitch and is connected with female pole, and son pole and female pole slip grafting are connected with the cylinder between son pole and the female pole.
Furthermore, the box pulling plate passes through a gap between rollers of the roller platform and then is connected with the action end of the linear pushing assembly.
The container supply mechanism comprises a transfer robot, a stacking roller line, a transition conveying line with a starting end provided with a dispersing roller line and a terminal end provided with a telescopic conveyor, the transfer robot is used for transferring a whole layer of containers to the stacking roller line, the starting end of the transition conveying line is vertically connected with the stacking roller line, the terminal end of the stacking roller line is provided with a material distribution assembly, the material distribution assembly is used for pushing the containers into the transition conveying line row by row, a certain straight line segment of the transition conveying line is provided with a container reversing assembly, the container reversing assembly comprises a door frame crossing the transition conveying line, a plurality of reversing rods are arranged on a cross beam of the door frame, the reversing rods at corresponding positions extend out of the transition conveying line and stop the containers from one end, and the containers are twisted to complete reversing when moving along with the conveying line.
Furthermore, the material distribution assembly comprises a supporting frame and a sliding frame, an inlet is reserved in the material supply direction of the accumulation and release roller line on the supporting frame, an outlet is reserved in the material feeding direction of the transition conveying line on the supporting frame, the sliding frame is in guide fit with a sliding rod which transversely crosses the accumulation and release roller line on the supporting frame and is connected with a traction part on the supporting frame, a plurality of groups of push plates capable of moving up and down are arranged on the sliding frame, and the plurality of groups of push plates are arranged in a line along the conveying direction of the accumulation and release roller line.
Furthermore, the lower part of the automatic loading mechanism is a lifting platform.
Further, a transfer conveyor is arranged between the power and free roller line and the telescopic conveyor.
Furthermore, a reinforcing rod is connected between the final-stage sliding rails on the two sides.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the automatic loading equipment for the truck, the cargo box is automatically stacked in the truck carriage, a large amount of manual labor is not needed, the number of workers is reduced, the working intensity of the workers is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The forklift places the whole stack of containers in the temporary storage area of the whole stack of containers, the carrying robot carries the whole layer of containers to the stacking roller line, and the containers are conveyed to the automatic loading mechanism independently after being separated by the material distribution assembly. After the truck is stopped in place, the height of the lifting platform is adjusted to be aligned with the bottom plate of the carriage, the automatic loading mechanism is transferred into the carriage by the AGV trolley, and the telescopic conveyor in the cargo box supply mechanism extends out along with the movement of the automatic loading mechanism; the container is conveyed to a feeding roller line of the automatic loading mechanism by a conveying line of the container supply mechanism, the container is conveyed to a roller platform by the feeding roller line and a conveying belt, and after the system detects that the container is in place, the container shifting plates shift the container one by one and place the container on material plates on two sides of the roller platform; after the containers in a row are stacked orderly, the containers are pushed into the carriage by the pushing rod; after the lifting mechanism pushes one layer of containers at every time, the containers are arranged on the platform to be lifted by one layer, so that the next layer of containers can be stacked, after the stacking of the containers on each layer is finished, the AGV trolley moves the automatic loading mechanism to the width of one container, then the next row of containers are stacked, and the containers are sequentially stacked until the stacking of the containers is finished. The whole loading process does not need human intervention, the loading efficiency is improved by 1.5-3 times compared with that of the loading equipment on the market at present, the loading speed can reach 3000 pieces per hour, and the automation degree is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a combination of the automatic loading mechanism and the container supply mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the container supply mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of an automatic loading mechanism in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of the automatic loading mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the container supply mechanism in embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2.
Figure 8 is a schematic view of a first arrangement of containers.
Figure 9 is a schematic view of a second arrangement of containers.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a third arrangement of containers.
Figure 11 is a schematic view of a fourth array of containers.
In the figure: 1-a container supply mechanism; 101-a transfer robot; 102-depositing and releasing roller lines; 103-a telescopic conveyor; 104-a material distribution assembly; 104-1-a support frame; 104-2-carriage; 104-3-sliding bar; 105-a gantry; 106-a reversing lever;
2-automatic loading mechanism;
201-a container arrangement platform; 201-1-baffle; 201-2-roller platform; 201-3-flitch; 201-4-a box-pulling plate; 201-5-a material pushing rod; 201-6-synchronous belt; 201-7-cylinder;
202-a lifting mechanism; 202-1-a lifting support; 202-2-a telescopic vertical frame; 202-3-jacking elements; 202-4-telescoping diagonal bracing elements; 202-5-sprocket; 202-6-chain; 202-7-a stiffener;
203-a frame; 204-a conveyor belt; 205-incoming roller line; 206-an AGV cart;
3-lifting the platform; 4-van truck; 5-temporary storage area of the whole stack of containers;
a-mounting position of the telescopic conveyor; b-curve conveyor mounting position.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1: the embodiment provides automatic loading equipment for a truck, which comprises an automatic loading mechanism 2 and a cargo box supply mechanism 1, wherein the truck is loaded from a whole stack of cargo box temporary storage areas 5 to a truck to be loaded, and devices in the automatic loading mechanism 2 and the cargo box supply mechanism 1 are sequentially arranged according to the flow direction of cargo boxes; the container supply mechanism 1 is used for delivering a container to the automatic loading mechanism 2, the automatic loading mechanism 2 can automatically position the position of a carriage, the whole machine can move along the depth of the carriage, the container supply mechanism 1 comprises a section of telescopic conveying section, the telescopic conveying section in the container supply mechanism 1 is expanded along with the expansion when the automatic loading mechanism 2 moves to the depth of the carriage, the telescopic conveying section in the container supply mechanism 1 is contracted along with the contraction when the automatic loading mechanism 2 withdraws from the carriage, and therefore the container is conveyed from front to back uninterruptedly.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3: the container supplying mechanism 1 includes a transfer robot 101, a stacking roller line 102, a transition conveyor line having a starting point end which is a dispersed roller line and a terminal end which is a telescopic conveyor 103, and the transition conveyor line includes a dispersed roller line, a curved conveyor and a telescopic conveyor 103 which are connected in series in sequence, wherein the telescopic conveyor 103 of the same type shown in fig. 7 is installed at a position in fig. 2, the curved conveyor is installed at a position B in fig. 2, and the curved conveyor and the telescopic conveyor 103 are standard existing products, so the inventor does not show the transition conveyor line in the design stage in fig. 1. The carrying robot 101 is arranged on the ground and located in the area between the whole stack of container temporary storage area 5 and the accumulating and releasing roller line 102, a whole stack of containers from the production line is stored in the whole stack of container temporary storage area, the carrying robot 101 is used for carrying a whole layer of containers to the accumulating and releasing roller line 102, the starting end of the transition conveying line is vertically connected with the accumulating and releasing roller line 102, the whole layer of containers comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the end point of the accumulating and releasing roller line 102 is provided with a distributing assembly 104, the whole layer of containers are conveyed by the accumulating and releasing roller line 102, the whole layer of containers are pushed into the transition conveying line in a whole column after reaching the position of the distributing assembly 104, a dispersing roller line is used for feeding the whole column of containers into the curve conveyor one by one, the dispersing roller line is arranged for separating the next containers and reserving arrangement time for the subsequent automatic loading mechanism 2, the curve conveyor is arranged for adapting to a place which is not wide and is arranged in a workshop, the position of other devices is reasonably arranged and avoids the existing workshop equipment, so that the curve conveyor can be used for transferring, and other types of course, and other types of conveyors can be used as transfer conveyors without limitation. When the workshop is wide, the curved conveyor is not provided, the device is arranged in a straight line, and the dispersion roller line can be directly connected with the telescopic conveyor 103, for example, as shown in fig. 7.
Referring again to FIG. 3: the distributing assembly 104 is used for pushing containers into the transition conveying line row by row, the distributing assembly 104 comprises a supporting frame 104-1 and a sliding frame 104-2, the supporting frame 104-1 comprises four supporting columns, cross beams are connected among the tops of the supporting columns, an inlet is reserved in the feeding direction of the accumulating roller line 102 and an outlet is reserved in the feeding direction of the transition conveying line on the supporting frame 104-1, the sliding frame 104-2 is in guide fit with sliding rods 104-3 of the supporting frame 104-1, the sliding rods 104-3 cross the accumulating roller line 102, the sliding rod 104-3 is connected with a traction part on the supporting frame 104-1, the traction part is a traction belt, a belt pulley is arranged at each end of the sliding rod 104-3 on the supporting frame 104-1, a belt is connected among the belt pulleys, the belt is connected with the sliding frame 104-2, one of the belt pulleys is connected with a motor, and the belt pulls the sliding frame 104-2 to move when the belt runs. The carriage 104-2 is provided with a plurality of groups of push plates which can move up and down, the plurality of groups of push plates are arranged in a row along the conveying direction of the accumulation roller line 102, and the corresponding push plates extend out to push the row of the cargo boxes according to the width of the cargo boxes. The accumulation roller line 102 and the carriage 104-2 alternately act, after the carriage 104-2 pushes out a row of containers, the accumulation roller line 102 pauses, the carriage 104-2 resets, the accumulation roller line 102 runs, and the cycle is repeated.
A container reversing assembly is arranged on a straight line section of the transition conveying line, the container reversing assembly comprises a gantry 105 crossing the transition conveying line, a plurality of reversing rods 106 are arranged on a cross beam of the gantry 105, the container is stopped from one end after the reversing rods 106 at corresponding positions extend towards the transition conveying line, and the container is twisted to complete reversing when moving along with the conveying line. When the packing box is piled up in the carriage, in order to utilize the space maximization, the placing direction of the packing box needs to be adjusted, and the direction of the packing box is adjusted after passing through the packing box reversing assembly.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, and 5: the lower part of the automatic loading mechanism 2 is provided with a lifting platform 3, and the lifting platform 3 can be adjusted in height to adapt to different boxcar heights. The lifting platform 3 can adopt a scissor type lifting platform or a hydraulic upright lifting platform. The automatic loading mechanism 2 comprises a container conveying line, a loading end of the container conveying line is connected with the container supply mechanism 1, and an unloading end of the container conveying line is provided with a container arrangement platform 201, the container arrangement platform 201 is connected with an execution end of the lifting mechanism 202, and the container arrangement platform 201 moves downwards to be in butt joint with the unloading end of the container conveying line and moves upwards to be aligned with the container stacking height.
The automatic loading mechanism 2 comprises a frame 203, a conveying belt 204, a feeding roller line 205 and an AGV trolley 206, wherein the feeding roller line 205 and the conveying belt 204 between the container supply mechanism 1 and the container arrangement platform 201 are sequentially arranged on the frame 203 to be connected into a conveying line, wheels are distributed below the frame 203, and the AGV trolley 206 is used for dragging the frame 203 at the bottom of the frame 203. The AGV trolley 206 is a product sold in the market, and the control system of the AGV trolley 206 is programmed, so that the AGV trolley 206 drags the automatic loading mechanism 2 to automatically align the freight car after the freight car stops, the automatic loading mechanism 2 is aligned with the central axis of the freight car, and arrangement of the freight cars in the process of stacking from front to back is ensured to be straight and regular.
The total width of the container arrangement platform 201 is matched with the width of a carriage, and material plates 201-3 with different widths are arranged on two sides of the roller platform 201-2 according to carriages with different widths, so that the total width of the container arrangement platform 201 can be adjusted to be matched with the width of the carriage. The unloading side of the container arrangement platform 201 is provided with a baffle 201-1 which can be opened and closed, the baffle 201-1 is lifted in the container arrangement process, the container arrangement platform 201 comprises a roller platform 201-2 in the middle and flitches 201-3 on two sides, and the roller platform 201-2 is aligned with the container conveying line; the roller platform 201-2 is internally provided with a box shifting plate 201-4 which transversely moves in the width section, the flitch 201-3 is provided with a material pushing rod 201-5 which can slide along the length direction of the flitch, the material pushing rod 201-5 is connected with the width section of the flitch and can extend into the roller platform 201-2, after the materials are fed from a container conveying line, the box shifting plate 201-4 sequentially shifts the containers to the flitches 201-3 at two sides, the containers are arranged in a row one by one, and then the material pushing rod 201-5 extends out to cover the width section of the roller platform 201-2 to push out the containers on the flitch 201-3 and the roller platform 201-2.
Specifically, a synchronous belt 201-6 is arranged between two ends of the length of the bottom surface of the material plate 201-3, one belt wheel in the synchronous belt 201-6 is connected with a motor, the material pushing rod 201-5 comprises a female rod and a sub rod, a sliding block connected with the synchronous belt 201-6 extends out of a linear groove of the material plate 201-3 to be connected with the female rod, the sub rod is in sliding insertion connection with the female rod, the length of the female rod is equal to the width of the material plate 201-3, an air cylinder 201-7 is connected between the sub rod and the female rod, and the total length of the material pushing rod 201-5 after the sub rod is completely pushed out by the air cylinder 201-7 is equal to the sum of the width of the material plate 201-3 and the width of the roller platform 201-2.
The box pulling plate 201-4 penetrates through a gap between rollers of the roller platform 201-2 and then is connected with an action end of the linear pushing assembly; specifically, a plurality of connecting pins are distributed on the bottom edge of the box shifting plate 201-4, the distance between the connecting pins is consistent with the distance between the rollers of the roller platform 201-2, and the connecting pins penetrate through the gap between the rollers of the roller platform 201-2 and then are connected with the action end of the linear pushing assembly. The linear pushing assembly at least comprises two guide rails and a linear pushing element, the linear pushing element can adopt an oil cylinder, an air cylinder and a ball screw, and the material plate 201-3 is matched with the guide rails to keep stable sliding.
As shown in fig. 8: when the first container in each column drops from the conveyor belt 204 onto the roller platform 201-2, the tucker paddle 201-4 pushes the container either to the left or to the right by the width of one container. As shown in fig. 9: when the second container in each column drops from conveyor 204 onto roller platform 201-2, the tucker bar 201-4 pushes the second container across the width of one container in the direction opposite to the first. As shown in fig. 10: when the third container in each column drops from the conveyor belt 204 onto the roller platform 201-2, the tucker paddle 201-4 pushes the two containers in the same direction as the first time by the width of one container. As shown in fig. 11: when the fourth container in each column drops from the conveyor belt 204 onto the roller platform 201-2, the tucker paddle 201-4 pushes the two containers in the same direction as the second time by the width of one container. The box shifting plates 201-4 are circularly moved in a left-right traversing mode, containers on the roller platform 201-2 are distributed left to right until a row is fully paved, at the moment, the box shifting plates 201-4 may stay at the middle position of the roller platform 201-2, when the containers on the container arrangement platform 201 are pushed into a carriage, the baffle plates 201-1 fall down, the material pushing rods 201-5 on two sides extend to enable the sub-rods to be abutted against the box shifting plates 201-4, and then the material pushing rods 201-5 on two sides synchronously push out the whole row of containers. After a first row of containers are loaded into the carriage, the lifting mechanism 202 integrally lifts the container arrangement platform 201 by the height of one container, the containers are stacked on the first layer of containers after the containers are arranged by the container arrangement platform 201 again, the operation is repeated in such a way that one step is lifted on each layer of container arrangement platform 201, after the stacking of the whole containers is finished, the AGV trolley 206 automatically drags the automatic loading mechanism 2 to retreat by the width of one container, the operation is repeated, the containers on the second surface are stacked, the operation is circulated in sequence, and after the loading of the whole vehicle is finished, the automatic loading mechanism 2 withdraws from the carriage to wait for the next vehicle coming.
The lifting mechanism 202 comprises a lifting support 202-1, a chain 202-6 and two groups of telescopic vertical frames 202-2 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the conveying belt 204, wherein the two groups of telescopic vertical frames 202-2 support the lifting support 202-1 in a guiding manner. The telescopic vertical frame 202-2 comprises a plurality of slide rails which are inserted step by step, a jacking element 202-3 is connected between the slide rails of adjacent steps, the jacking element 202-3 takes the former slide rail as a support to push out the latter slide rail, the jacking element 202-3 can adopt an electric cylinder, an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, and in the embodiment, the jacking element 202-3 adopts an oil cylinder. The primary slide rail is hinged to the frame 203, the telescopic inclined strut element 202-4 is connected between the primary slide rail and the frame 203, the inclination angle of the telescopic vertical frame 202-2 is adjusted by changing the extension amount of the telescopic inclined strut element 202-4, and the final purpose is to enable the container arrangement platform 201 to be inclined downwards, so that the front end of the container arrangement platform 201 is close to the floor of the container when the first layer of containers in the container are stacked, and the containers slide down stably along the gradient. If the inclination angle of the container arrangement platform 201 is not adjustable, a fall exists between the top surface of the container arrangement platform 201 and the floor of the compartment due to the thickness of the body of the container arrangement platform 201 and the height of the lifting bracket 202-1, and the container falls directly, which may cause deflection or damage to the goods. The telescopic diagonal bracing element 202-4 also adopts an oil cylinder, one end of the oil cylinder is hinged with the first-stage slide rail, and the other end of the oil cylinder is hinged with the frame 203. The pulley blocks at two ends of the lifting support 202-1 are limited in guide grooves of last-stage slide rails at two sides, the pulley blocks slide in the guide grooves, each pulley block comprises two pulleys arranged in a vertical row, a chain wheel 202-5 is arranged at the top end of each last-stage slide rail, one end of each chain 202-6 is connected with the last-stage slide rail of each last-stage slide rail (the last-stage slide rail), the other end of each chain 202-6 bypasses the chain wheel 202-5 to be connected with the lifting support 202-1, a jacking element 202-3 on the last-stage slide rail pushes out the last-stage slide rail, and the chain 202-6 pulls the lifting support 202-1 to climb along the last-stage slide rail in the ascending process of the last-stage slide rail.
Specifically, the telescopic vertical frame 202-2 includes a first-stage slide rail, a second-stage slide rail, a third-stage slide rail, a first-stage oil cylinder, a second-stage oil cylinder, and an angle adjusting oil cylinder, the first-stage slide rail and the angle adjusting oil cylinder are installed on the frame 203, and the first-stage slide rail, the second-stage slide rail, and the third-stage slide rail are sequentially inserted. The first-level oil cylinder is arranged between the first-level slide rail and the second-level slide rail, the second-level oil cylinder is arranged between the second-level slide rail and the third-level slide rail, and the reinforcing rod 202-6 and the chain wheel 202-5 are arranged on the third-level slide rail.
When the bottommost container is stacked, the angle adjusting oil cylinder controls the first-level slide rails to slightly incline downwards (the telescopic vertical frames 202-2 on the left side and the right side are synchronous), the container arrangement platform 201 is driven to incline downwards, and the push-out height of the first-layer container is reduced. When the second layer is stacked, the angle adjusting cylinder is retracted, so that the cargo box arrangement platform 201 is in a horizontal state. Along with the increase of packing box pile-up number of piles, the one-level hydro-cylinder constantly promotes, drives the promotion of second grade slide rail, and when the second grade slide rail promoted to one-level slide rail top, the second grade hydro-cylinder began to promote, drives tertiary slide rail and promotes. One end of the chain 202-6 is connected with the lifting support 202-1, the other end of the chain is connected with the second-level slide rail, the middle of the chain bypasses the chain wheel 202-5, and when the third-level slide rail is lifted, the lifting support 202-1 and the container arrangement platform 201 are driven to be lifted, so that automatic stacking layer by layer is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6 and 7: the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the construction of the curved conveyor and the feed distribution assembly 104 is eliminated. Divide material subassembly 104 to include a riser and a set of chain sprocket in this embodiment, the chain sprocket is installed on the riser, is provided with a diaphragm on the chain, and the diaphragm is repeated and is promoted the packing box when the sprocket drives the chain and rotates.
The automatic loading equipment for the trucks in the embodiments 1 and 2 is not limited to the use of the van, and the van is taken as an example in the specification because the loading requirement of the van is the most severe, the upper, lower, left and right spaces in the carriage are limited, and the requirement on the loading equipment is high; it is understood that the automatic loading equipment for trucks of examples 1 and 2 can be used when loading a transportation truck such as a flat car, a high bay car, or the like.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic loading equipment of freight train which characterized in that: comprises an automatic loading mechanism (2) and a container supply mechanism (1); the container supply mechanism (1) is used for delivering a container to the automatic loading mechanism (2), the automatic loading mechanism (2) can move along the depth of the carriage, and the container supply mechanism (1) comprises a telescopic conveying section;
the automatic loading mechanism (2) comprises a container conveying line, the feeding end of the container conveying line is connected with the container supply mechanism (1), the unloading end is provided with a container arrangement platform (201), the container arrangement platform (201) is connected with the execution end of the lifting mechanism (202), and the container arrangement platform (201) moves downwards to be in butt joint with the unloading end of the container conveying line and moves upwards to be aligned with the stacking height of containers;
the total width of the container arrangement platform (201) is matched with the width of a compartment, a baffle (201-1) capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the unloading side of the container arrangement platform (201), the container arrangement platform (201) comprises a roller platform (201-2) in the middle and material plates (201-3) on two sides, and the roller platform (201-2) is aligned with the container conveying line; the roller platform (201-2) is internally provided with a box shifting plate (201-4) which transversely moves in a width range, the material plate (201-3) is provided with a material pushing rod (201-5) which can slide along the length direction of the material plate, the material pushing rod (201-5) is connected with the width range of the material plate and can extend into the roller platform (201-2), after materials are fed from a container conveying line, the box shifting plate (201-4) sequentially shifts the containers to the material plates (201-3) at two sides, and the containers are arranged in a row one by one.
2. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic loading mechanism (2) comprises a frame (203), a conveying belt (204), a feeding roller line (205) and an AGV trolley (206), wherein the feeding roller line (205) and the conveying belt (204) between the container supply mechanism (1) and the container arrangement platform (201) are sequentially arranged on the frame (203) to form a conveying line, wheels are distributed below the frame (203), and the AGV trolley (206) is used for dragging the frame (203) at the bottom of the frame (203).
3. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lifting mechanism (202) comprises a lifting support (202-1), a chain (202-6) and two groups of telescopic vertical frames (202-2) which are respectively arranged on two sides of a conveying belt (204), wherein each telescopic vertical frame (202-2) comprises a plurality of slide rails which are inserted step by step, jacking elements (202-3) are connected between adjacent slide rails, the first slide rail is hinged with the frame (203), a telescopic diagonal bracing element (202-4) is connected between the first slide rail and the frame (203), pulley blocks at two ends of the lifting support (202-1) are limited in guide grooves of the last slide rails at two sides, each pulley block comprises two pulleys which are arranged in a vertical row, a chain wheel (202-5) is arranged at the top end of each last slide rail, one end of the chain (202-6) is connected with the last slide rail of each last slide rail, and the other end of the chain bypasses the chain wheel (202-5) and is connected with the lifting support (202-1).
4. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 3, characterized in that: synchronous belts (201-6) are arranged between two ends of the length of the bottom surface of the flitch (201-3), one belt wheel in the synchronous belts (201-6) is connected with a motor, the material pushing rod (201-5) comprises a mother rod and a sub rod, a sliding block connected with the synchronous belts (201-6) extends out of a linear groove of the flitch (201-3) to be connected with the mother rod, the sub rod is in sliding insertion connection with the mother rod, and an air cylinder (201-7) is connected between the sub rod and the mother rod.
5. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 4, characterized in that: the box pulling plate (201-4) penetrates through a gap between rollers of the roller platform (201-2) and then is connected with the action end of the linear pushing assembly.
6. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the container supply mechanism (1) comprises a transfer robot (101), a stacking roller line (102), a transitional conveying line with a starting end being a dispersing roller line and an end point being a telescopic conveyor (103), the transfer robot (101) is used for transferring a whole layer of containers to the stacking roller line (102), the starting end of the transitional conveying line is vertically connected with the stacking roller line (102), the end point of the stacking roller line (102) is provided with a distribution assembly (104), the distribution assembly (104) is used for pushing the containers into the transitional conveying line row by row, a certain straight line segment of the transitional conveying line is provided with a container reversing assembly, the container reversing assembly comprises a portal (105) crossing the transitional conveying line, a plurality of reversing rods (106) are arranged on a cross beam of the portal (105), the containers are stopped from one end after the reversing rods (106) at corresponding positions extend out of the transitional conveying line, and the containers are twisted and reversed when moving along with the conveying line.
7. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 6, characterized in that: the material distribution assembly (104) comprises a supporting frame (104-1) and a sliding frame (104-2), an inlet is reserved in the material supply direction of the accumulation roller line (102) on the supporting frame (104-1) and an outlet is reserved in the material feeding direction of the transition conveying line, the sliding frame (104-2) is in guide fit with a sliding rod (104-3) which transversely spans the accumulation roller line (102) on the supporting frame (104-1) and is connected with a traction part on the supporting frame (104-1), a plurality of groups of push plates capable of moving up and down are arranged on the sliding frame (104-2), and the plurality of groups of push plates are arranged in a row along the conveying direction of the accumulation roller line (102).
8. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the automatic loading mechanism (2) is provided with a lifting platform (3).
9. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 6, characterized in that: a transfer conveyor is arranged between the accumulation roller line (102) and the telescopic conveyor (103).
10. The automatic loading equipment of trucks according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a reinforcing rod (202-6) is connected between the final-stage sliding rails on the two sides.
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| CN202211238784.2A CN115303826B (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Automatic loading equipment for truck |
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| CN202211238784.2A CN115303826B (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Automatic loading equipment for truck |
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