CN115302027A - Automatic electrode gap compensation method for discharge milling composite cutter - Google Patents
Automatic electrode gap compensation method for discharge milling composite cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN115302027A CN115302027A CN202210970683.8A CN202210970683A CN115302027A CN 115302027 A CN115302027 A CN 115302027A CN 202210970683 A CN202210970683 A CN 202210970683A CN 115302027 A CN115302027 A CN 115302027A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrode gap automatic compensation method of a discharge milling composite cutter, which monitors a real-time electric signal between a discharge assembly and two ends of a workpiece through a detection module, a compensation control module judges the real-time electric signal, when the real-time electric signal of discharge machining is consistent with a preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be equal to the discharge gap, position compensation is not needed, when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with the preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be larger than or smaller than the discharge gap, position compensation is needed, and when the position compensation is needed, compensation displacement is input into the compensation control module to enable the compensation control module to drive a gap compensation mechanism to move so that the discharge assembly moves to the preset position, thereby ensuring the discharge efficiency of the discharge assembly and prolonging the service life of the cutter.
Description
The invention relates to a divisional application, the original application number is 2021106301337, the application date is 2021, 06 and 07 days in 06 months, and the invention is named as 'automatic electrode gap compensation method of discharge milling composite cutter'
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The application relates to the field of milling, in particular to an electrode gap automatic compensation method of a discharge milling composite cutter.
[ background of the invention ]
The existing electric spark milling cutter comprises a copper electrode used for discharging to a workpiece, a gap exists between the copper electrode and the workpiece when the copper electrode discharges to the workpiece, and the gap between the copper electrode and the workpiece is gradually increased due to loss caused by continuous discharge in the electric spark auxiliary milling process, so that the discharge efficiency of the copper electrode is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is shortened.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the discharge efficiency of a copper electrode is reduced and the service life of a cutter is shortened due to the fact that the existing copper electrode is continuously lost and the gap between the existing copper electrode and a workpiece is gradually increased in the electric spark auxiliary milling process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the automatic electrode clearance compensation method for the discharge milling composite cutter comprises the following steps:
s1: the detection module monitors real-time electric signals between the discharge assembly and two ends of the workpiece and sends the acquired real-time electric signals to the compensation control module;
s2: the compensation control module judges the real-time electric signal, when the real-time electric signal of the electric discharge machining is consistent with a preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be equal to the discharge gap, the discharge assembly does not need to be subjected to position compensation, when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with the preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be larger than or smaller than the discharge gap, and the discharge assembly needs to be subjected to position compensation;
s3: when the discharging assembly needs to be subjected to position compensation, a compensation displacement D is input into the compensation control module, and the compensation control module calculates a compensation voltage V and applies the compensation voltage V to the gap compensation mechanism so that the discharging assembly moves a compensation gap towards the direction close to the workpiece;
s4: stopping compensation when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, and repeating the step S3 to continue compensation when the real-time electric signal is not consistent with the preset electric signal until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal;
s5: when the real-time electric signal is a short-circuit electric signal, inputting a compensation negative displacement-D into the compensation control module, and decompressing the gap compensation mechanism after the compensation control module calculates a decompression voltage-V so as to enable the discharge assembly to move towards a direction far away from the workpiece to reversely compensate the gap;
s6: stopping reverse compensation when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, and repeating the step S5 to continue reverse compensation when the real-time electric signal is not consistent with the preset electric signal until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal;
the discharging and milling combined tool comprises a tool apron assembly, wherein a discharging assembly and a gap compensation mechanism are arranged on the tool apron assembly, the gap compensation mechanism comprises a piezoelectric assembly electrically connected with a compensation control module and a push rod which swings under the driving of the piezoelectric assembly, the discharging assembly moves when the push rod swings, and the piezoelectric assembly comprises a fixed seat arranged on the tool apron assembly and piezoelectric ceramics arranged on the fixed seat;
the push rod is provided with an elastic part connected to the fixed seat and a first pushing part abutted against the piezoelectric ceramic telescopic end, and the discharging assembly is connected to the push rod.
Further, the compensation control module comprises a control module electrically connected with the detection module and a piezoelectric voltage controller electrically connected with the control module, the control module comprises a Matlab system for data processing and an existing PI inverse analysis model based on hysteresis compensation, and the piezoelectric voltage controller is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramics for controlling the expansion and contraction amount of the piezoelectric ceramics;
in step S3, a compensation displacement D is input into a Matlab system, an extension value D of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by using a formula D = D/A, A is a flexible hinge mechanism amplification factor, then the extension value D is input into an existing PI inverse analytical model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a compensation voltage V of the piezoelectric ceramic, then the piezoelectric voltage controller applies pressure to the piezoelectric ceramic according to the compensation voltage V, and the piezoelectric ceramic applies pressure and then extends to push the push rod to swing so as to enable the discharge assembly to move towards a workpiece direction to compensate a gap.
Further, in step S5, a compensation negative displacement-D is input into the Matlab system, and a contraction value-D of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by using a formula-D = -D/a, where a is a magnification of the flexible hinge mechanism, then the contraction value-D is input into an existing PI inverse analysis model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a decompression voltage-V of the piezoelectric ceramic, then the piezoelectric voltage controller decompresses the piezoelectric ceramic according to the decompression voltage-V, and the piezoelectric ceramic shrinks after decompression to swing the push rod in a reverse direction, so that the discharge assembly moves in a direction away from the workpiece by a reverse compensation gap.
Further, in step S3, the magnitude of the compensation displacement D is: 3 μm ～7 μm The numerical value of A is: 5-15, in step S5, the magnitude of the compensation negative displacement-D is as follows: -3 μm ～-7 μm The numerical value of A is: 5 to 15.
Furthermore, the discharge assembly comprises a mounting seat capable of sliding relative to the tool apron assembly and an electrode plate arranged in the mounting seat, one of the tool apron assembly and the mounting seat is provided with a guide sliding groove, and the other of the tool apron assembly and the mounting seat is provided with a sliding block in sliding fit with the guide sliding groove.
Furthermore, an elastic part which elastically pushes the mounting seat towards the direction of the push rod is arranged in the guide sliding groove.
Further, the elastic part, the first pushing part, the push rod and the fixing seat are integrally formed.
Further, the fixing seat is connected to the tool apron assembly, and the elastic portion, the first pushing portion and the push rod form a gap with the tool apron assembly.
Further, the first pushing part is as high as the piezoelectric ceramic.
Further, the tool apron assembly comprises a tool apron and a tool shank connected to the tool apron, an insulating sleeve capable of rotating relative to the tool shank is sleeved on the tool shank, and a plurality of conductive assemblies are fixedly arranged on the insulating sleeve and connected through a connecting assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the electrode gap automatic compensation method of the discharge milling composite cutter, the discharge assembly is moved to the position where the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal through the matching of the detection module, the compensation control module and the gap compensation mechanism, and the discharge assembly is located at the position, so that the discharge efficiency of the discharge assembly is guaranteed, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode gap automatic compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment 1 of a milling tool in a first direction in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the automatic electrode gap compensating system of the electric discharge milling cutting tool according to the embodiment 1 in a second direction;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a top view of an embodiment 1 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a tool holder assembly of the embodiment 1 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensating system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment 2 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 at B;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at C;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of embodiment 2 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
FIG. 11 is a top view of an embodiment 2 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application;
fig. 12 is a perspective view of a tool holder assembly in the embodiment 2 of the milling tool in the automatic electrode gap compensation system of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to the present application.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The invention provides an electrode gap automatic compensation method of a discharge milling composite cutter, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the detection module monitors real-time electric signals between the discharge assembly and two ends of the workpiece and sends the acquired real-time electric signals to the compensation control module;
s2: the compensation control module judges the real-time electric signal, when the real-time electric signal of the electric discharge machining is consistent with a preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be equal to the discharge gap, the discharge assembly does not need to be subjected to position compensation, when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with the preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be larger than or smaller than the discharge gap, and the discharge assembly needs to be subjected to position compensation;
s3: when the discharging assembly needs position compensation, a compensation displacement D is input into the compensation control module, and the compensation control module calculates a compensation voltage V and then applies the compensation voltage V to the gap compensation mechanism so that the discharging assembly moves a compensation gap towards the direction close to the workpiece;
s4: stopping compensation when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, and repeating the step S3 to continue compensation when the real-time electric signal is not consistent with the preset electric signal until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal;
s5: when the real-time electric signal is a short-circuit electric signal, inputting a compensation negative displacement-D into the compensation control module, and decompressing the gap compensation mechanism after the compensation control module calculates a decompression voltage-V so as to enable the discharge assembly to move towards a direction far away from the workpiece to reversely compensate the gap;
s6: and when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, stopping reverse compensation, and when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with the preset electric signal, repeating the step S5 to continue reverse compensation until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal.
The method moves the discharging assembly to a position where the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal through the matching of the detection module, the compensation control module and the clearance compensation mechanism, and the discharging assembly is located at the position, so that the discharging efficiency of the discharging assembly is guaranteed, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
When the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is a discharge gap.
The method is applied to an electrode gap automatic compensation system of an electric discharge milling composite cutter, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a workpiece 100, an electric discharge milling composite cutter 200, a power module 300, a detection module 400 and a compensation control module 500, wherein the electric discharge milling composite cutter 200 comprises a cutter holder assembly 1, an electric discharge assembly 2 and a gap compensation mechanism 3, the electric discharge assembly 2 and the gap compensation mechanism 3 are arranged on the cutter holder assembly 1, the negative electrode of the power module 300 is connected to the electric discharge assembly 2, the positive electrode of the power module 300 is connected to the workpiece 100, the detection module 400 is used for acquiring a real-time electric signal between the electric discharge assembly 2 and two ends of the workpiece 100, the detection module 400 is electrically connected with the compensation control module 500 and is used for transmitting a real-time electric signal to the compensation control module 500, the compensation control module 500 is electrically connected with the gap compensation mechanism 3 and is used for driving the gap compensation mechanism 3 to move, the gap compensation mechanism 3 drives the electric discharge assembly 2 to move when moving, and when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with a preset electric signal, the compensation control module 500 drives the gap compensation control module 3 to move to enable the electric discharge assembly 2 to move to a position consistent with a preset electric signal, namely, the gap position on the workpiece surface of the workpiece is equal to a gap position of the workpiece 2.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the clearance compensation mechanism 3 includes a piezoelectric assembly 301 electrically connected to the compensation control module 500, and a push rod 302 driven by the piezoelectric assembly 301 to swing, the push rod 302 drives the discharge assembly 2 to move when swinging, and the piezoelectric assembly 301 includes a fixed seat 3011 disposed on the tool apron assembly 1 and a piezoelectric ceramic 3012 disposed on the fixed seat 3011. The piezoelectric type driving device has the advantages of small size, high electromechanical coupling efficiency, high displacement resolution, high response speed, good stability and the like, and can realize high-precision position location and error compensation.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the compensation control module 500 includes a control module 600 electrically connected to the detection module 400 and a piezoelectric voltage controller 700 electrically connected to the control module 600, the control module 600 includes a Matlab system for data processing and an existing PI inverse model based on hysteresis compensation, the piezoelectric voltage controller 700 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 for controlling the expansion and contraction amount of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012, in step S3, a compensation displacement D is input into the Matlab system, and an extension value D of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by using a formula D = D/a, a is a flexible hinge mechanism amplification factor, then the extension value D is input into the existing PI inverse model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a compensation voltage V of the piezoelectric ceramic, then the piezoelectric voltage controller 700 applies pressure to the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 according to the compensation voltage V, and the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 applies pressure and then extends to push the push rod 302 to swing, so that the discharge assembly 2 moves the compensation gap in the direction of the workpiece 100. Wherein, the Matlab system is an existing system, and the existing PI based on hysteresis compensationThe inverse analytical model is an existing mathematical model. Wherein, the magnitude of the compensation displacement D is as follows: 3 μm ～7 μm Preferably, the compensation displacement D is 5 μm The numerical value of A is: 5 to 15. The mode realizes the movement of the discharge assembly 2, and has simple operation and high compensation precision.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, in step S5, a compensation negative displacement-D is input into a Matlab system, and a contraction value-D of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 is obtained by using a formula-D = -D/a, where a is a magnification of a flexible hinge mechanism, then the contraction value-D is input into an existing PI inverse analysis model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a decompression voltage-V of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012, then the piezoelectric voltage controller 700 decompresses the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 according to the decompression voltage-V, and after decompression of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012, the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 contracts to swing the push rod 302 in a reverse direction, so that the discharge element 2 moves in a direction away from the workpiece 100 by a reverse compensation gap. The mode realizes the reverse movement of the discharge assembly 2, and has simple operation and high compensation precision.
Fig. 2 to 6 show an embodiment 1 of the electric discharge milling composite tool 200, as shown in the figure, an elastic part 3021 connected to the fixed seat 3011 and a first pushing part 3022 abutting against the telescopic end of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 are formed on the push rod 302, and the electric discharge assembly 2 is connected to the push rod 302. The elastic portion 3021, the first pushing portion 3022, the push rod 302, and the fixing seat 3011 are made of elastic materials. According to the structure, the push rod 302 which is connected with the discharge component 2 and can swing under the pushing of the piezoelectric ceramics 3012 is used for amplifying the micro displacement of the piezoelectric ceramics 3012 and transmitting the micro displacement to the discharge component 2, so that the discharge component 2 moves close to or far away from the workpiece 100, redundant gaps caused by electrode loss are compensated, the discharge component moves to the position where the gap between the discharge component and the workpiece is equal to the discharge gap, and the discharge efficiency of the discharge component is ensured.
Preferably, the elastic part 3021, the first pushing part 3022, the push rod 302, and the fixing seat 3011 are integrally formed, so that the structure is simple and the processing is convenient. As can be seen, the fixing seat 3011 is connected to the blade holder assembly 1, and the elastic portion 3021, the first pushing portion 3022 and the push rod 302 form a gap with the blade holder assembly 1. This structure prevents the push rod 302 from rubbing against the holder assembly 1 when swinging.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limited thereto, the first pushing portion 3022 is formed to have the same height as the piezoelectric ceramic 3012. This structure increases the contact area of the first ejector 3022 with the piezoelectric ceramics 3012, enabling the piezoelectric ceramics 3012 to better act on the first ejector 3022.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the tool holder assembly 1 includes a tool holder 101 and a tool holder 102 connected to the tool holder 101, an insulating sleeve 11 capable of rotating relative to the tool holder 102 is sleeved on the tool holder 102, a plurality of conductive assemblies 12 are fixedly disposed on the insulating sleeve 11, and the plurality of conductive assemblies 12 are connected through a connecting assembly 13. The conductive assembly 12 includes a metal sleeve 121 sleeved on the insulating sleeve 11 and two brushes 122 connected to the metal sleeve 121, where the two brushes 122 are oppositely disposed on the metal sleeve 121. The connecting assembly 13 includes a plurality of connecting pressing members 131 and a connecting rod 132 connecting the plurality of connecting pressing members 131, and the plurality of connecting pressing members 131 are respectively connected to the plurality of brushes 122. The metal sleeve 121 is made of iron, the electric brush 122 is made of a carbon rod, the tool shank 102 is connected to a spindle of a machine tool and rotates along with the spindle, the connecting rod 132 is fixed to the machine tool and is insulated, and when the tool shank 102 and the conductive component 12 rotate relatively, current is generated on the metal sleeve 121. As shown in the figure, the plurality of conductive elements 12 includes a first conductive element (not shown), a second conductive element (not shown), and a third conductive element (not shown), wherein the first conductive element is connected to the discharge element 2, the second conductive element is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012, and the third conductive element is connected to the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012. The structure forms two independent power supply systems to prevent series connection or short circuit.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the shank 102 is formed with a second lead groove 20 opened on its peripheral side and extending in its axial direction, and the holder 101 is formed with a plurality of third lead through holes 30 extending in its axial direction. The structure is convenient for leading out and accommodating the lead, so that the whole structure is more compact.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the number of the discharge assemblies 2 is plural, the plurality of discharge assemblies 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the holder assembly 1, the number of the gap compensation mechanisms 3 is the same as that of the discharge assemblies 2, and the plurality of gap compensation mechanisms 3 correspond to the plurality of discharge assemblies 2 one by one. This setting is favorable to improving the machining efficiency of cutter.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the discharge assembly 2 includes an electrode plate 203, a spacer 204 provided between the electrode plate 203 and the push rod 302, and a fastener 205 connecting the electrode plate 203, the spacer 204, and the push rod 302. Specifically, the fastening member 205 is a stainless steel screw, and the electrode sheet 203 is a copper electrode. The structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the holder assembly 1 is provided with a tool 4 for cutting a workpiece, and an insulating assembly 5 is provided between the tool 4 and the holder assembly 1. This arrangement prevents the tool 4 from conducting electricity and causing a short circuit when the tool 4 cuts a workpiece.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating assembly 5 includes an insulating sheet 51 provided between the tool 4 and the holder assembly 1, and an insulating fastener 52 connecting the tool 4, the insulating sheet 51, and the holder assembly 1. The insulating sheet 51 and the insulating fastener 52 are made of ceramic materials. The structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the number of the cutters 4 is plural, and the plurality of cutters 4 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the holder assembly 1. Wherein, a plurality of cutters 4 and a plurality of discharge assemblies 2 are alternately arranged at intervals. This setting is favorable to improving the machining efficiency of cutter.
Fig. 7 to 12 show an embodiment 2 of the electric discharge milling composite tool 200, which is different from embodiment 1 in that a hinge portion 3023 hinged to the tool rest assembly 1 and a second pushing portion 3024 abutted to the telescopic end of the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 are formed on the push rod 302, and when the push rod 302 swings, the push rod 302 pushes the electric discharge assembly 2 obliquely to move the electric discharge assembly 2 closer to or away from the workpiece 100, so as to compensate for an extra gap caused by electrode wear, and move the electric discharge assembly to a position where the gap with the workpiece is equal to the electric discharge gap, thereby ensuring the electric discharge efficiency of the electric discharge assembly.
A first inclined plane (not shown) is disposed on a side of the push rod 302 opposite to the piezoelectric assembly 301, and a second inclined plane (not shown) is disposed on the piezoelectric assembly 301 and is in inclined push fit with the first inclined plane. The piezoelectric ceramic 3012 can be arranged on a diagonal line by the oblique pushing design, which is beneficial to saving space and placing the piezoelectric ceramic 3012 with longer side length so as to generate larger pushing force and ensure the smooth pushing of the piezoelectric component 301.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the discharge assembly 2 includes a mounting seat 201 capable of sliding relative to the tool holder assembly 1, and an electrode plate 202 disposed in the mounting seat 201, wherein a side of the mounting seat 201 opposite to the push rod 302 forms the second inclined surface, and the push rod 302 forms the first inclined surface. The structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that a guide chute 6 is provided on the mounting seat 201, and a slider 7 slidably engaged with the guide chute 6 is provided on the tool apron assembly 1. This arrangement is advantageous in improving the stability of the movement of the discharge assembly 2.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that an elastic member 8 is disposed in the guide chute 6 and elastically presses the mounting seat 201 toward the push rod 302. This arrangement facilitates the resetting of the discharge element 2 and avoids a transition of the movement of the discharge element 2.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that two first positioning rods 9 are provided on the holder assembly 1, and the two first positioning rods 9 are disposed opposite to each other on the left and right sides of the moving direction of the discharge assembly 2. This arrangement is advantageous in improving the stability of the movement of the discharge assembly 2.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that two second positioning rods 10 are provided on the tool apron assembly 1, and the two second positioning rods 10 are oppositely arranged in the swinging direction of the push rod 302. This arrangement prevents excessive rocking of the pushrod 302.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the number of the brushes 122 is one, the brushes 122 are sleeved on the metal sleeve 121, and the connecting pressing member 131 is in clamping connection with the brushes 122. The structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.
Further, the difference from embodiment 1 is that a first lead through hole 14 extending in the axial direction of the tool holder 102 is formed, a second lead through hole 15 communicating with the first lead through hole 14 is formed in the tool holder 101, and a plurality of first lead grooves 16 communicating with the second lead through hole 15 are formed in the tool holder 101. The structure is convenient for leading out and accommodating the lead, so that the whole structure is more compact.
It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing is illustrative of one or more embodiments provided in connection with the detailed description and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed. Similar or identical methods, structures, etc. as used herein, or several technical inferences or substitutions made on the concept of the present application should be considered as the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic electrode gap compensation method for the discharge milling composite cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the detection module monitors real-time electric signals between the discharge assembly and two ends of the workpiece and sends the acquired real-time electric signals to the compensation control module;
s2: the compensation control module judges the real-time electric signal, when the real-time electric signal of the electric discharge machining is consistent with a preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be equal to the discharge gap, the discharge assembly does not need to be subjected to position compensation, when the real-time electric signal is inconsistent with the preset electric signal, the gap between the discharge assembly and the workpiece is considered to be larger than or smaller than the discharge gap, and the discharge assembly needs to be subjected to position compensation;
s3: when the discharging assembly needs position compensation, a compensation displacement D is input into the compensation control module, and the compensation control module calculates a compensation voltage V and then applies the compensation voltage V to the gap compensation mechanism so that the discharging assembly moves a compensation gap towards the direction close to the workpiece;
s4: stopping compensation when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, and repeating the step S3 to continue compensation when the real-time electric signal is not consistent with the preset electric signal until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal;
s5: when the real-time electric signal is a short-circuit electric signal, inputting a compensation negative displacement-D into the compensation control module, and decompressing the gap compensation mechanism after the compensation control module calculates a decompression voltage-V so as to enable the discharge assembly to move towards a direction far away from the workpiece to reversely compensate the gap;
s6: stopping reverse compensation when the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal, and repeating the step S5 to continue reverse compensation when the real-time electric signal is not consistent with the preset electric signal until the real-time electric signal is consistent with the preset electric signal;
the discharging and milling compound cutter comprises a cutter holder assembly, wherein a discharging assembly and a gap compensation mechanism are arranged on the cutter holder assembly, the gap compensation mechanism comprises a piezoelectric assembly electrically connected with a compensation control module and a push rod which swings under the driving of the piezoelectric assembly, the discharging assembly moves when the push rod swings, and the piezoelectric assembly comprises a fixed seat arranged on the cutter holder assembly and piezoelectric ceramics arranged on the fixed seat;
the push rod is provided with an elastic part connected to the fixed seat and a first pushing part abutted against the piezoelectric ceramic telescopic end, and the discharging assembly is connected to the push rod.
2. The automatic electrode gap compensation method for the electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the compensation control module comprises a control module electrically connected with the detection module and a piezoelectric voltage controller electrically connected with the control module, the control module comprises a Matlab system for data processing and an existing PI inverse analytic model based on hysteresis compensation, and the piezoelectric voltage controller is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic for controlling the expansion and contraction amount of the piezoelectric ceramic;
in step S3, a compensation displacement D is input into a Matlab system, an extension value D of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by using a formula D = D/A, A is a flexible hinge mechanism amplification factor, then the extension value D is input into an existing PI inverse analytical model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a compensation voltage V of the piezoelectric ceramic, then the piezoelectric voltage controller applies pressure to the piezoelectric ceramic according to the compensation voltage V, and the piezoelectric ceramic applies pressure and then extends to push the push rod to swing so as to enable the discharge assembly to move towards a workpiece direction to compensate a gap.
3. The method for automatically compensating the electrode gap of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, a compensation negative displacement-D is input into a Matlab system, and a contraction value-D of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by using a formula-D = -D/a, where a is an amplification factor of a flexible hinge mechanism, then the contraction value-D is input into an existing PI inverse analytical model based on hysteresis compensation to calculate a decompression voltage-V of the piezoelectric ceramic, then the piezoelectric voltage controller decompresses the piezoelectric ceramic according to the decompression voltage-V, and the piezoelectric ceramic contracts after decompression to reversely swing the push rod, so that the discharge assembly moves a reverse compensation gap in a direction away from a workpiece.
4. The method for automatically compensating the electrode gap of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the magnitude of the compensation displacement D is as follows: 3 μm ～7 μm The numerical value of A is: 5-15, in step S5, the magnitude of the compensation negative displacement-D is as follows: -3 μm ～-7 μm The numerical value of A is: 5 to 15.
5. The method for automatically compensating the electrode gap of the electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the electric discharge assembly comprises a mounting seat capable of sliding relative to the tool apron assembly and an electrode plate arranged in the mounting seat, one of the tool apron assembly and the mounting seat is provided with a guide chute, and the other of the tool apron assembly and the mounting seat is provided with a slide block in sliding fit with the guide chute.
6. The automatic electrode gap compensation method for an electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 5, wherein an elastic member is disposed in the guide chute and elastically presses the mounting seat toward the push rod.
7. The method for automatically compensating for an electrode gap of an electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the resilient portion, the first pushing portion, the push rod, and the holder are integrally formed.
8. The method for automatically compensating for the electrode gap of an electric discharge milling composite tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing seat is connected to the holder assembly, and the elastic portion, the first pushing portion and the push rod form a gap with the holder assembly.
9. The method for automatically compensating for the electrode gap of an electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the first pushing part is as high as the piezoelectric ceramic.
10. The automatic electrode gap compensation method for the electric discharge milling composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool apron assembly comprises a tool apron and a tool shank connected to the tool apron, an insulating sleeve capable of rotating relative to the tool shank is sleeved on the tool shank, a plurality of conductive assemblies are fixedly arranged on the insulating sleeve, and the conductive assemblies are connected through a connecting assembly.
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| CN115302026A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-11-08 | 湖南科技大学 | Electrode clearance automatic compensation system of discharge milling composite cutter |
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