CN115301711A - Anti-blocking method for washing and filter pressing fly ash - Google Patents
Anti-blocking method for washing and filter pressing fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN115301711A CN115301711A CN202210930641.1A CN202210930641A CN115301711A CN 115301711 A CN115301711 A CN 115301711A CN 202210930641 A CN202210930641 A CN 202210930641A CN 115301711 A CN115301711 A CN 115301711A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-blocking method for washing and filter pressing fly ash. According to the invention, through analyzing the blocking phenomenon and mechanism in the operation process of the plate-and-frame filter press, the phenomena of hardening of the fly ash inorganic substance and blocking of the crystal viscosity are found to be two main reasons for blocking the filter cloth of the plate-and-frame filter press. The invention seeks a filter-pressing anti-clogging method which mainly solves the filter-pressing clogging problem of the washing fly ash from three latitudes of dispersing agent dispersion, dissolution promotion mechanism and crystallization replacement. Through the triple effects of the dispersing agent, the dissolution promoter and the crystallization displacer, the phenomenon of filter-pressing solid-liquid separation of the water-washing fly ash is reduced to the maximum extent. The method provided by the invention can efficiently solve the problem of blockage of the plate-and-frame filter press in the washing process of the fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-blocking method for washing and filter pressing fly ash, belonging to the field of solid waste recycling.
Background
As the mainstream of domestic waste treatment is gradually transferred from sanitary landfill to waste incineration, the fly ash from domestic waste incineration becomes an important pollutant. The household garbage incineration fly ash refers to residues collected by a household garbage incineration power plant in a flue gas purification system, and contains organic pollutants such as benzene series substances and dioxin, trace heavy metals such as Pb and Cr, and the like. According to the standard for controlling pollution of domestic waste incineration (GB 18485-2014): the household garbage incineration fly ash is managed according to dangerous waste. Therefore, the fly ash must be collected separately, and must not be mixed with household garbage, incineration residue, etc., and other hazardous wastes.
The traditional household garbage incineration fly ash adopts a three-stage washing process for dechlorination, the conventional three-stage washing process adopts a counter-current rinsing process, and a first-stage rinsing solution enters a subsequent sewage treatment system after being subjected to filter pressing. As the fluidized bed type domestic garbage incinerator becomes mainstream and the fly ash back-spraying technology is used, the salt content and the sulfur content in the fly ash are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the lowest water-cement ratio is adopted for saving water and reducing the water consumption for subsequent evaporation, so that the solid content and the viscosity of a solution after primary washing are high, and the plate-and-frame filter press is frequently blocked. The blockage causes the production line capacity to be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the filter cloth is difficult to be cleaned by a high-pressure water gun.
The stable operation of the filter pressing process of the filter press is an important support for the stable water washing capacity of the fly ash. Compared with a centrifugal machine separation process, the plate-frame filter pressing process comprises the following steps: the filter pressing speed is high, the filter pressing liquid is clear, the water content of filter pressing solid matters is low (often less than 28%), and after separation by a centrifugal machine, supernate is turbid, the water content of the solid matters is high, and separation needs to be carried out by continuously adopting plate and frame filter pressing.
The Chinese invention patent 201810388415.9 discloses a garbage fly ash treatment system and a treatment process, wherein three-stage rinsing is adopted in the process, primary rinsing wastewater enters a subsequent wastewater treatment system, and detailed description on solid-liquid separation of primary rinsing liquid is lacked.
The Chinese literature researches a biological dechlorination mechanism research of the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage, and through synchronous radiation X-ray diffraction analysis, soluble chlorine in the fly ash mainly exists in KCl, naCl and CaClO, and insoluble chlorine mainly exists in AlOCl form, after the fly ash and sludge are mixed and treated for 150 days, the chlorine content in the fly ash is obviously reduced, but the treatment time is too long and the fly ash has no practical operability [ Wu Boran, wang Dongyang and Chai Xiaoli ] the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage adopts a biological dechlorination mechanism research [ J ]. Chinese environmental science, 35 (8), 2015).
The invention patent 202210076178.9 in China introduces a water washing desalination device and method for fly ash from incineration of household garbage, which mainly adopts a filter tank to carry out solid-liquid separation. It is not described with respect to high chlorine ash nor with respect to the anti-clogging properties of the filter media.
The invention patent 202010222818.3 relates to a high-efficiency dechlorinating agent and a dechlorinating method for waste incineration fly ash, wherein the dechlorinating agent is a mixed material of nitrate, phosphate and organic acid for dechlorinating, and organic matters and the nitrate can influence the quality of crystalline salt and the organic matter content of condensate. The electrochemical dechlorination is adopted, the electrode type and the dechlorination effect are not effectively described, and the full description on how to improve the rinsing effect after dechlorination is lacked.
The Chinese invention patent 202010233283.X provides a preparation and application of a high-chlorine fly ash washing agent, and a large amount of additional agent needs to be added for removing chloride ions by calcium ions and meta-aluminate, and the preparation is similar to the research papers of Wang Xu and the like, and has no operability in the actual use process.
The Chinese literature discusses that the liquid-ash ratio is 6:1, secondary countercurrent rinsing is adopted to clean the waste incineration fly ash of the fire grate, and finally, the content of chloride ions can only be cleaned to 1.7 percent, thereby causing serious influence on subsequent cement kiln mixed combustion. Meanwhile, the liquid-to-ash ratio reaches 6:1 hour, the water consumption is higher, and the energy consumption of subsequent evaporation is increased by Wang Yuting, shang Minghui, zong Da and the like; secondary counter-current water washing characteristic of grate waste incineration fly ash [ J ]. Ergonomic edition of Zhejiang university, 2019,53 (5): 981-987].
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fly ash washing and filter pressing anti-blocking method. According to the characteristics of the domestic waste incineration fly ash, the method maximally maintains the working time of the plate-and-frame filter press and maximally reduces the time for cleaning the plate frame by controlling and adding the composite agents such as the dispersing agent, the dissolution accelerator, the crystallization displacer and the like, and realizes the long-term stable operation of the waste incineration fly ash washing process through a scientific and refined management mode. Realizes the non-blocking and long-term stable operation of the plate-and-frame filter press, and is an economical, feasible and efficient recycling treatment process for the incineration fly ash of the household garbage.
To achieve the above technical object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
In one aspect, the invention provides a fly ash washing and pressure filtration anti-clogging method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Rinsing the fly ash;
(2) Adding an anti-blocking agent: adding an anti-blocking agent into the fly ash rinsing liquid obtained in the step (1), and mixing to ensure that the fly ash rinsing liquid and the anti-blocking agent fully react;
the anti-blocking agent consists of a dispersing agent, a dissolution promoter and a crystallization displacing agent; the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate; the dissolution promoter is selected from one or more of APG (alkyl glycoside, molecular weight 500-800), ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), diethanolamine and polyethylene glycol-butyl ether; the crystal replacement agent is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, barium chloride and silver nitrate.
In some embodiments, the adding concentration of the dispersing agent is 0.5-3% (mass fraction). In some embodiments, the addition concentration of the dispersing agent is 1-2% (mass fraction).
In some embodiments, the addition concentration of the cosolvent is 0.6-5% (mass fraction). In some embodiments, the cosolvent is added at a concentration of 0.6-2% (mass fraction).
In some embodiments, the addition concentration of the crystallization displacing agent is 1% to 10% (mass fraction). In some embodiments, the crystallization displacing agent is added at a concentration of 5 to 8% (mass fraction).
In some embodiments, the anti-clogging agent comprises 1.5% sodium hexametaphosphate, 1% APG, 5% sodium carbonate.
In some embodiments, the anti-clogging agent comprises 1.2% sodium pyrophosphate, 1% EDTA, 8% sodium carbonate.
In some embodiments, in the step (2), the fly ash rinsing liquid and the anti-clogging agent are mixed by a stirrer and air mixing stirring mode, and the air stirring intensity is 15-20 m 3 /m 2 H, the stirring intensity of the stirrer is 200-500W/m 2 ·h。
In some embodiments, the fly ash is rinsed using a three-stage counter-current rinse device into a three-stage rinse tank. The three-stage countercurrent rinsing device can be a known conventional three-stage countercurrent rinsing device, and can be a three-stage countercurrent washing system in CN201810388415.9, for example. In some embodiments, clear liquid obtained after the third-stage rinsing fly ash is subjected to pressure filtration by a pressure filter enters a second-stage rinsing tank, and pressure filtrate obtained after the second-stage rinsing fly ash is subjected to pressure filtration by the pressure filter enters a first-stage rinsing tank; and obtaining fly ash rinsing liquid after primary rinsing. Water feeding pipelines are arranged above the primary rinsing tank, the secondary rinsing tank and the tertiary rinsing tank; controlling the water-cement ratio to be 1.2:1 to 3:1.
in some embodiments, the anti-clogging method further comprises step (3): plate and frame filter pressing and evaporation crystallization in the step (4). In some embodiments, the evaporated condensate enters a tertiary rinse process.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the characteristics of the rinsing liquid of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage, the method reduces the blocking probability of the plate-and-frame filter press from three latitudes of dispersion, dissolution promotion and crystal replacement, improves the continuous stable working time of a fly ash water washing production line to the maximum extent, and improves the capacity of the fly ash water washing production line.
2. The dispersant used in the method of the invention is an inorganic dispersant, has wide sources, wide application, wide availability, excellent price and low price, and has remarkable broad spectrum and applicability.
3. The dissolution promoter adopted by the invention is a low molecular weight organic matter, and can promote the crystallization of the compound to be converted from a solid phase to a liquid phase, so that the blocking probability of the plate-and-frame filter press is reduced.
4. The invention does not adopt high molecular organic medicament such as flocculating agent and the like in the whole process, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the whole process system.
5. The method is simple and convenient to operate, has strong adaptability, and can meet the treatment requirements of fly ash with different scales and different chlorine contents.
6. The invention selects the blockage of the plate-and-frame filter press from the waste incineration fly ash washing production line to identify the problem and provides a method for solving the problem systematically.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fly ash washing, pressure filtration and anti-clogging process of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Example 1
An anti-clogging method for washing and pressure filtering of fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) Rinsing fly ash: the fly ash enters a third-stage rinsing tank for rinsing by using a third-stage countercurrent rinsing device; clear liquid obtained after the third-stage rinsing fly ash is subjected to filter pressing through a filter press enters a second-stage rinsing tank, and pressure filtrate obtained after the second-stage rinsing fly ash is subjected to filter pressing through the filter press enters a first-stage rinsing tank; obtaining fly ash rinsing liquid after primary rinsing; water feeding pipelines are arranged above the primary rinsing tank, the secondary rinsing tank and the tertiary rinsing tank; controlling the water-cement ratio to be 1.2:1 to 3:1;
(2) Adding an anti-blocking agent: adding an anti-blocking agent into the fly ash rinsing liquid obtained in the step (1), and mixing to ensure that the fly ash rinsing liquid and the anti-blocking agent fully react;
the anti-blocking agent consists of a dispersing agent, a dissolution promoter and a crystallization displacing agent; the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, and the adding concentration of the dispersing agent is 0.5-3% (mass fraction); the dissolution accelerator is selected from one or more of APG (alkyl glycoside, molecular weight 500-800), ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), diethanolamine and polyethylene glycol-butyl ether, and the adding concentration of the dissolution accelerator is 0.6-5% (mass fraction); the crystallization displacing agent is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, barium chloride and silver nitrate, and the adding concentration of the crystallization displacing agent is 1-10% (mass fraction).
After the treatment by the method (shown in figure 1) in the embodiment, the plate-and-frame filter press can continuously operate for more than 120 days without the phenomenon that a production line stops due to serious blockage.
Example 2
Aiming at fly ash of a self-provided incineration plant of a certain marketed company of Jiangsu Nantong, the content of chloride ions in the fly ash is 6.8 percent, and the specific surface area measured by BET (BET method) is 7.38m 2 /g。
After the fly ash is treated by the method of example 1, 1.5 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1 percent of APG and 5 percent of sodium carbonate are added into the fly ash rinsing liquid, so that the plate-and-frame filter press can continuously run for more than 150 days without blockage and hardening, and before the anti-blocking agent is added, the plate-and-frame filter press is difficult to stably run for 30 days, the plate-and-frame filter press needs to be soaked and cleaned by hydrochloric acid/sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixed acid to stably run, and the blockage condition cannot be improved even if the filter cloth is replaced.
Example 3
A sample of incineration fly ash of certain household garbage from Jiaxing, zhejiang is collected, and the main properties are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 analysis of properties of certain fly ash from Jiaxing, zhejiang
| Sample name (%) | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | N 2 O | Cl |
| Jiaxing fly ash | 12.86 | 4.63 | 0.86 | 32.86 | 0.96 | 3.42 | 3.86 | 17.2 |
After the treatment of the method in the embodiment 1, 1.2 percent of sodium pyrophosphate, 1 percent of EDTA and 8 percent of sodium carbonate are added into the fly ash rinsing liquid, so that the calcium ions in the fly ash solution are reduced to 6200mg/L from 12000mg/L, and the sulfate ions in the solution are reduced to 4600mg/L from 6200mg/L, thereby greatly reducing the blocking probability of the calcium sulfate. Therefore, the plate-and-frame filter press can continuously operate for more than 150d without blocking and hardening phenomena, before an anti-blocking agent is not added, the plate-and-frame filter press 15d is difficult to stably operate, the plate-and-frame filter press needs to be soaked and cleaned by hydrochloric acid/sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixed acid to stably operate, and the blocking condition cannot be improved even if filter cloth is replaced or the pressure of the plate-and-frame filter press is increased.
Example 4
By using the anti-clogging method for washing and pressure filtering of fly ash provided in embodiment 1, the annual continuous working time of the fly ash washing production line can be increased. Aiming at a fly ash washing production line of a cement plant in Zhejiang, the original daily processing capacity is 200 tons/day, and the capacity is influenced by the blockage of a plate-and-frame filter press, after the process is used, the daily processing capacity can reach 250 tons/day, the daily processing capacity is improved by 25 percent, and the capacity of an enterprise is improved.
Example 5
By using the anti-clogging method for washing and filter pressing of fly ash provided in embodiment 1, the annual working time of the fly ash washing production line can be increased. Aiming at the fly ash washing production line of a cement plant in Zhejiang, the original daily processing capacity is 200 tons/day, and the capacity is influenced by the blockage of a plate-and-frame filter press, after the process disclosed by the invention is used, the daily processing capacity can reach 250 tons/day, the daily profit is increased by 4 ten thousand yuan according to the profit of 800 yuan of each ton of fly ash, the production is carried out according to 300 days/year, and the annual profit is increased by 1200 ten thousand yuan.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted equally as well to achieve the same technical result; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-blocking method for washing and pressure filtering of fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Rinsing the fly ash;
(2) Adding an anti-blocking agent: adding an anti-blocking agent into the fly ash rinsing liquid obtained in the step (1), and mixing to ensure that the fly ash rinsing liquid and the anti-blocking agent fully react;
the anti-blocking agent consists of a dispersing agent, a dissolution promoter and a crystallization displacing agent; the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate; the cosolvent is one or more selected from APG, ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), diethanolamine and polyethylene glycol-butyl ether; the crystal replacement agent is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, barium chloride and silver nitrate.
2. The anti-clogging method according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is added at a concentration of 0.5% to 3%.
3. The anti-clogging method according to claim 1, wherein the addition concentration of the dissolution accelerator is 0.6% to 5%.
4. The anti-clogging method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the crystalline displacer is 1% to 10%.
5. The anti-clogging method of claim 1 wherein said anti-clogging agent comprises 1.5% sodium hexametaphosphate, 1% APG, and 5% sodium carbonate.
6. The anti-clogging method of claim 1 wherein said anti-clogging agent comprises 1.2% sodium pyrophosphate, 1% EDTA, 8% sodium carbonate.
7. The anti-clogging method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the fly ash rinsing liquid and the anti-clogging agent are mixed by a mixer and air mixing mode, and the air mixing intensity is 15-20 m 3 /m 2 H, the stirring intensity of the stirrer is 200-500W/m 2 ·h。
8. The anti-clogging method of claim 1, wherein fly ash is rinsed by a three stage counter current rinsing device into a three stage rinse tank.
9. The anti-clogging method according to claim 8, wherein clear liquid obtained by pressure filtration of the third-stage rinsing fly ash through a pressure filter enters a second-stage rinsing tank, and pressure filtrate obtained by pressure filtration of the second-stage rinsing fly ash through the pressure filter enters a first-stage rinsing tank; and obtaining fly ash rinsing liquid after primary rinsing.
10. The anti-clogging method according to claim 9, wherein the primary rinsing tank, the secondary rinsing tank and the tertiary rinsing tank are each provided with a water feed pipe above; controlling the water-cement ratio to be 1.2:1 to 3:1.
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