CN1772714A - Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation and its prepn - Google Patents
Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation and its prepn Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of solid fertilizer technology, and the no-jamming whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation is one new kind of fertilizer for drip irrigation and including nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dissolution promoter and trace elements. The no-jamming whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation is prepared through mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dissolution promoter and trace elements and pelletizing the mixture. The no-jamming whole nutrient solid fertilizer of the present invention has comprehensive and balanced nutrients and no jamming in drop irrigation application, and can raise the absorption of plant on nutrients, raise fertilizer utilization rate, increase crop yield, raise crop quality and lower agricultural production cost.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid fertilizer, particularly a kind of Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation and preparation method thereof.
(2) background technology
In recent years, along with China's " two-supremes one is excellent " Agricultural Development, industrialized agriculture protection ground cultivation have obtained developing rapidly, at present in protection ground produces, booth vegetable is the methods that adopt big flood furrow irrigation flushing and spreading fertilizer in the fertilising of watering more, not only caused a large amount of wastes of fertilizer and water resources, but also caused soil pollution, acidifying is hardened, it is bad that physicochemical character becomes, and chemical fertilizer utilization ratio reduces; Vegetable crop is low, poor quality etc.In view of China's water resources and energy shortage, the economic strength deficiency, how energetically the research and extension drip irrigation technique is even more important.
Drip irrigation technique is the best irrigation technique of water-saving result in the world today.Use drip irrigation technique to economize on water and reach 50%～80%, joint fertilizer 30～50% improves output 20～40%, reduces disease and pest, reduces saline and alkaline infringement to crop, and can reduce labor intensity, and increases substantially production efficiency.The used fertilizer overwhelming majority of agricultural drop irrigation is conventional solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer product now, liquid fertilizer production cost height, and volume is big, and transportation is difficult, and big area is promoted relatively difficulty.Conventional solid phase prod is poorly soluble, stops up easily during irrigation.There are three outstanding problems in the agricultural drop irrigation technology in production application, one, the system jams in the drip irrigation process, because of the long-term deposition of the incomplete dissolving of conventional drip irrigation fertilizer and dripping irrigation water mineral causes dripping a hole plug, cause that to use the water yield and fertilizer in the drip irrigation process seriously uneven, directly influence normal agriculture production when serious; Two, the drip irrigation technique big area is promoted difficulty, owing to lacked the drip irrigation special fertilizer material of hi-tech in the past, conventional fertilizer is used for drip irrigation and brings inconvenience for normal agriculture production, has directly limited effective popularization of drip irrigation technique; Three, the effect of fertilizer is not remarkable, and conventional fertilizer is poorly soluble, and nutrient is incomplete, and proportioning is unreasonable, and absorption of its plant and utilization ratio are not high, and effect is not remarkable.Be badly in need of being applicable to the agriculture hi-tech fertilizer of drip irrigation special use at present.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation and preparation method thereof is provided.Can provide that a kind of nutrient is complete, balance, instant, entirely molten, cost is low, convenient transportation, novel agricultural drip irrigation fertilizer that utilization rate of fertilizer is high, not only solved the system jams in the drip irrigation process, and the big area of being convenient to drip irrigation fertilizer is promoted, reduce working strength, increase crop yield, improve crop quality, reduce agriculture production cost.
Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention comprises inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer, inorganic potash fertilizer and middle trace element, and wherein the weight part proportioning of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potash fertilizer is 10～40: 5～30: 10～40; Trace element is one or more in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the boron in described, and its weight accounts for 2～20% of solid fertilizer gross weight.
Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention also comprises chaotropic agent, and described chaotropic agent is the mixture of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid, and its weight is 1～3% of solid fertilizer gross weight.
Above-mentioned inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate, and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer is a monoammonium phosphate, and inorganic potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K.
Above-mentioned middle trace element is selected from one or more in nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and the boric acid.
The preparation method of Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation provided by the invention, step is as follows:
1) inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer, inorganic potash fertilizer are pulverized separately, be ground into the above powdery of 60 orders.Wherein the weight part proportioning of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potash fertilizer is 10～40: 5～30: 10～40; Described inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate, and described inorganic phosphorus fertilizer is a monoammonium phosphate, and described inorganic potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K;
2) one or more in trace elements calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the boron in the adding, its weight accounts for 2～20% of agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation gross weight; Trace element is one or more in nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and the boric acid in described;
3) add chaotropic agent, its weight is 1～3% of Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation gross weight; Chaotropic agent is the mixture of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid.
4) with above-mentioned each mixing of materials granulation.
Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation cocoa big area prolonged application of the present invention is in the agricultural drop irrigation technology, and the preparation method is simple, and is pollution-free.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following excellent results:
1. complete, the reasonable ratio of the present invention's agricultural Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation nutrient absorbs and the utilization ratio height.
Except that the NPK nutrient of routine, other contains multiple middle trace element and chaotropic agent, according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of Different Crop, and reasonably combined each nutrient content, the growth needs of the crop of guaranteeing supply; Contained chaotropic agent makes the quick and complete dissolving of fertilizer, effectively prevents the drip irrigation obstruction, increases the continuity and the uniformity coefficient of drip irrigation, reduces production costs, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer, increases crop yield, improves crop quality.
2. the present invention's agricultural Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation is with low cost, produces flexibly transportation and easy to use.
Because preparation technology is simple, energy consumption is low, easy to operate, production cost is low, and convenient transportation has been saved a large amount of trucking costs than liquid drip irrigation with fertilizer in transportation, during using, drip irrigation can save the required manpower and materials of fertilising greatly, this fertilizer product is with low cost, uses conveniently, is easy to the big area promotion and application; And in actual use; can be according to the soil property and the fertility of different soils; the regulation of fertilizer requirement of Different Crop is adjusted fertilizer formula at any time to satisfy actual needs when producing, can avoid unified large chemical fertilizer to use the superfluous or insufficient phenomenon that causes in different areas.
3. the present invention agricultural Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation can effectively solve and drip hole plug and fertilizer is used inequality.
Because Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation has added chaotropic agent, makes the quick and complete dissolving of fertilizer, can effectively solve a drip irrigation technique hole plug and fertilizer in use and use a uneven difficult problem; Dripping hole plug mainly is that the incomplete dissolving of fertilizer and the long-term deposition of drip-irrigation water mineral cause; This fertilizer adds chaotropic agent, adopts advanced production technology, has effectively solved the fertilizer in the use and has used inequality and latch up phenomenon.
4. but the present invention's agricultural Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation water saving reduces salt damage.
This fertilizer drip irrigation is used can need fertile water consumption rule according to crop, timely and appropriately, evenly and lentamente supply water, for fertile, make root of the crop layer soil often keep best moisture, ventilation and nutrient status, for crop growth has been created good environment.Drip irrigation has been avoided water delivery loss and deep percolation loss, and face of land fractional wettability has reduced evaporation from land, saves a large amount of water sources.Because the irrigation frequency height, diluted soil salt concentration, salinity is repelled beyond the crop root layer, having avoided sprinkling irrigation to make the infringement of crop blade face salt accumulation.This fertilizer drip irrigation in warmhouse booth is used and can obviously be reduced humidity and improve ground temperature in winter.
In sum, agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is scientific strong, with high content of technology, nutrient is complete, and energy consumption is low, and required equipment is simple, and cost is low, water saving when using reduces salt damage, is easy to apply in fertilizer industry; The chaotropic agent that this method is used can improve the solubleness of fertilizer greatly, increases the kind and the content of fertilizer nutrient, prevents the system jams in the drip irrigation process; Can effectively promote plant root growth, improve the autonomous receptivity of plant, reduce production costs, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase crop yield, improve crop quality nutrient.It is the novel product that the modern agriculture big area is promoted.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment 1: the weight part proportioning of urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 40: 20: 32; In trace element be selected from 1 part of 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part in ferrous sulfate and boric acid, its weight accounts for 6% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 2% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Urea, monoammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar are pulverized separately respectively, be ground into the above powdery of 60 orders, be mixed in proportion, the mixture that adds a nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, boric acid and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid again by part, with the even granulation of above-mentioned each mixing of materials, make Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation.
Embodiment 2: the weight part proportioning of urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 40: 20: 30; In trace element be selected from 1 part of 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part in ferrous sulfate, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate and boric acid, its weight accounts for 8% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 2% of solid fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the weight part proportioning of urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 34: 25: 30; In trace element be selected from 1 part of 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 1 part in copper sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate and boric acid, its weight accounts for 9% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 2% of solid fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: the weight part proportioning of urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 35: 25: 30; In trace element be selected from 1 part of 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate and boric acid, its weight accounts for 8% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 2% of solid fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5: the weight part proportioning of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K is 25: 30: 35; In trace element be selected from 1 part of 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part of manganous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate and boric acid, its weight accounts for 8% of solid fertilizer gross weight.Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 2% of solid fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Be land for growing field crops embodiment of the present invention below.
Agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation using method of the present invention is as follows:
Utilize water pump drip-irrigation water to be pressed in the big plastic tank of containing 400kg water by pipeline, by the concentration of fertilizer adding drip irrigation fertilizer of 1.5～2.0g/1, stirring dissolves it fully, carries out the sub-district drip irrigation, each every mu of drip irrigation 8～10m by the arm that connects drip irrigation
3Determine the drip irrigation number of times according to crop regulation of fertilizer requirement and growing way.
Embodiment 6: the full nutrient solid fertilizer of the no clogging drip irrigation of agricultural of the present invention is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out cucumber test in vegetables demonstration garden, Shouguang, adopt the agricultural of equal consumption not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer of clogging drip irrigation and peasant's conventional fertilizer application carries out cucumber yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N40 kilogram/mu, P
2O
530 kilograms/mu, K
240 kilograms/mu of O; Handle 2 for using agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 1.
Table 1 drip irrigation fertilizer is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
| Handle | Output kg/hm 2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
| Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 1 drip irrigation fertilizer | 68423.6 89341.4 | - 30.57 | 10.63 12.28 | - 15.52 | 556.95 444.20 | - -20.24 | 1.24 1.38 | - 11.29 |
As can be seen from Table 1: the agricultural of employing present embodiment does not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer processing of clogging drip irrigation and compares with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, cucumber yield improves 30.57%, Vitamin C content improves 15.52%, and nitrate content reduces by 20.24%, and total sugar content improves 11.29%.
Embodiment 7: the full nutrient solid fertilizer of the no clogging drip irrigation of agricultural of the present invention is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out cucumber test in the green house of vegetables of Jinan, adopt the agricultural of equal consumption not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer of clogging drip irrigation and peasant's conventional fertilizer application carries out cucumber yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N40 kilogram/mu, P
2O
530 kilograms/mu, K
240 kilograms/mu of O; Handle 2 for using agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 3.
Table 2 drip irrigation fertilizer is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
| Handle | Output kg/hm 2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
| Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 2 drip irrigation fertilizers | 54621.7 69584.2 | - 27.39 | 9.23 10.54 | - 14.19 | 523.64 418.38 | - -20.10 | 1.29 1.43 | - 10.85 |
As can be seen from Table 2: the agricultural of employing embodiment does not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer processing of clogging drip irrigation and compares with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, cucumber yield improves 27.39%, Vitamin C content improves 14.19%, and nitrate content reduces by 20.10%, and total sugar content improves 10.85%.
Embodiment 8: the full nutrient solid fertilizer of the no clogging drip irrigation of agricultural of the present invention is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out the tomato test in vegetables demonstration garden, Shouguang, adopt the agricultural of equal consumption not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer of clogging drip irrigation and peasant's conventional fertilizer application carries out tomato yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N50 kilogram/mu, P
2O
540 kilograms/mu, K
250 kilograms/mu of O; Handle 2 for using agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 3.
Table 3 drip irrigation fertilizer is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
| Handle | Output kg/hm 2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
| Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 3 drip irrigation fertilizers | 69026.4 95346.4 | - 38.13 | 14.37 15.86 | - 10.36 | 88.62 76.53 | - -13.64 | 0.73 0.82 | - 12.33 |
As can be seen from Table 3: the agricultural of employing embodiment does not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer processing of clogging drip irrigation and compares with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, tomato yield improves 38.13%, Vitamin C content improves 15.86%, and nitrate content reduces by 13.64%, and total sugar content improves 12.33%.
Embodiment 9: the full nutrient solid fertilizer of the no clogging drip irrigation of agricultural of the present invention is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
In the green house of vegetables of Jinan, carry out the tomato test, adopted the agricultural of equal consumption not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer of clogging drip irrigation and peasant's conventional fertilizer application carries out tomato yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N50 kilogram/mu, P
2O
540 kilograms/mu, K
250 kilograms/mu of O; Handle 2 for using agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 1.
Table 4: drip irrigation fertilizer is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
| Handle | Output kg/hm 2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
| Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 4 drip irrigation fertilizers | 54134.6 73684.2 | - 36.11 | 13.26 14.93 | - 12.59 | 84.37 71.42 | - -15.35 | 0.79 0.88 | - 11.39 |
As can be seen from Table 4: the agricultural of employing present embodiment does not have the full nutrient solid fertilizer processing of clogging drip irrigation and compares with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, tomato yield improves 36.11%, Vitamin C content improves 12.59%, and nitrate content reduces by 15.35%, and total sugar content improves 11.39%.
Claims (7)
1. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation comprises inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer, inorganic potash fertilizer and middle trace element, it is characterized in that, wherein the weight part proportioning of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potash fertilizer is 10～40: 5～30: 10～40; Trace element is one or more in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the boron in described, and its weight accounts for 2～20% of solid fertilizer gross weight.
2. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises chaotropic agent, and described chaotropic agent is the mixture of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid, and its weight is 1～3% of solid fertilizer gross weight.
3. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate.
4. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described inorganic phosphorus fertilizer is a monoammonium phosphate.
5. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described inorganic potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K.
6. Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described middle trace element is selected from one or more in nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and the boric acid.
7. the preparation method of the described Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation of claim 1-6, step is as follows:
1) inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer, inorganic potash fertilizer are pulverized separately, be ground into the above powdery of 60 orders; Wherein the weight part proportioning of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and inorganic potash fertilizer is 10～40: 5～30: 10～40;
2) one or more in trace elements calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the boron in the adding, its weight accounts for 2～20% of agriculture Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation gross weight;
3) mixture of adding chaotropic agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid, its weight is 1～3% of Whole nutrient solid fertilizer for drip irrigation gross weight;
4) with above-mentioned each mixing of materials granulation.
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| CN112279725A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-01-29 | 新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司 | Full-water-soluble nitro-particle water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115301711A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-08 | 江山市虎鼎环保科技有限公司 | Anti-blocking method for washing and filter pressing fly ash |
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