CN115301205A - Preparation method of sludge-based biochar granules and biochar granules - Google Patents
Preparation method of sludge-based biochar granules and biochar granules Download PDFInfo
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- CN115301205A CN115301205A CN202211137284.XA CN202211137284A CN115301205A CN 115301205 A CN115301205 A CN 115301205A CN 202211137284 A CN202211137284 A CN 202211137284A CN 115301205 A CN115301205 A CN 115301205A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
- B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of sludge-based biochar granules, which comprises the following steps: 1) Taking sludge, dehydrating and air-drying; 2) Preparing sludge into sludge strips; 3) Preparing sludge strips into sludge spherulites; 4) Drying the sludge spherulites to prepare dry sludge spherulites; 5) And preparing the dry sludge spherulites into sludge-based biochar particles by adopting an oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method. The method is used for preparing the charcoal granules for treating the municipal excess sludge, is assisted by a simple tool, achieves the aims of treating the municipal excess sludge and expanding the resource utilization of the municipal excess sludge by an ecological method, does not need to add medicaments, does not consume energy, is simple and easy to operate, and has good economic, environmental and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charcoal granule preparation, in particular to a technology for preparing charcoal granules by using sludge.
Background
Sludge is a semi-solid or solid substance produced during sewage treatment. At present, the conventional treatment methods for domestic and foreign municipal excess sludge comprise land utilization, landfill, incineration and the like, but the removal of heavy metals and difficultly treated toxic and harmful substances is not fundamentally solved. In addition, the municipal surplus sludge is rich in a large amount of useful substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts rich in organic substances besides high water content, complex components and harmful substances such as heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria, and if the municipal surplus sludge is used as waste and discarded after simple treatment, not only can waste resources be caused, but also the environment can be polluted.
The biochar is a stable, rich porous structure and highly aromatic solid substance produced by low-temperature pyrolysis of biomass materials such as agricultural and forestry waste, animal wastes and sludge under the condition of limited oxygen or no oxygen, and is widely applied to the field of water treatment as a novel adsorption material. In a plurality of preparation raw materials, the urban excess sludge has the characteristics of easy operation, low cost, resource utilization and the like. The sludge-based biochar not only has the characteristics of large specific surface area, abundant surface groups and the like, but also can immobilize heavy metals in the municipal sludge, reduce the leaching toxicity of the municipal sludge, simultaneously has higher contents of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and has good adsorption performance on pollutants such as heavy metals and the like. Therefore, the method for preparing the biochar by pyrolyzing the municipal excess sludge is an effective method for disposing the sludge.
In addition, in the current research, the preparation of charcoal mostly surrounds charcoal powder (d <0.25 mm), and few scholars research the performance characteristics of charcoal granules (d >1 mm). However, in practical applications, powdered biochar has a small application range and is not used as a matrix or a filler and recycled, so that the preparation of granular sludge-based biochar granules needs to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of realizing a sludge-based biochar granule preparation system which is low in investment, efficient in operation and low in cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of sludge-based biochar granules comprises the following steps:
1) Taking residual dewatered sludge (with the water content of 80-85%) in a secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant, and air-drying the residual dewatered sludge in a city until the water content is 60-70%;
2) Preparing sludge with the water content of 60-70% into sludge strips with the same water content by adopting a stainless steel machine body strip discharging device;
3) Placing the sludge strips with the water content of 60-70% on an ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) double-handle pelleting plate, and preparing sludge pellets with the same water content;
4) Placing sludge pellets with the water content of 60-70% in a stainless steel air-drying tray, and placing the stainless steel air-drying tray in an oven to prepare dry sludge pellets;
5) And preparing the sludge-based biochar granules by adopting an oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method.
The air drying method of the dewatered sludge comprises the following steps: after paving the urban residual dewatered sludge in a stainless steel air-drying tray, picking out impurities such as stones, plastics and the like, naturally drying, continuously stirring and turning over to ensure that the moisture content of each part of the dried sludge is uniform until the average moisture content of each part of the sludge is 60-70%;
selecting required sludge particle size, installing strip-forming holes with corresponding particle size, compacting the sludge with the average water content of 60-70% in claim 2, placing the compacted sludge in a strip-forming device of a stainless steel machine body, and slowly rotating to push out strip-shaped sludge;
the strip-shaped sludge is placed on an ABS double-handle pelleting plate corresponding to the grain size of the strip outlet hole, is placed in order in a manner of being perpendicular to a pelleting plate hole channel, and is pushed forwards and backwards for three to four times after being aligned with the pelleting plate hole channel according to the operation requirement, so that sludge spherulites with fixed grain sizes are obtained;
gently scraping the sludge spherulites by using a cleaning brush, dispersing and placing the sludge spherulites in a stainless steel air-drying tray, and drying the stainless steel air-drying tray in an oven at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain dried sludge spherulites;
taking a certain amount of the dry sludge spherulites in the step 5), adopting an oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method, putting the dry sludge spherulites into a covered ark, putting the ark into a high-temperature tube furnace, introducing nitrogen for protection, connecting a rubber hose to the other end of the ark, introducing 1mol/L NaOH solution to absorb tail gas, heating the ark from room temperature to a required pyrolysis temperature at a set biological rate, pyrolyzing the ark for a required time at the temperature, taking out the ark after pyrolysis is finished, and putting the ark into a glass drier to cool the ark to room temperature to obtain the sludge-based biochar particles.
The preparation method of the sludge-based biochar granules can modify the sludge-based biochar granules, and the modification method comprises
In the step 2) or 3), adding a modifier during or after the air drying of the sludge is completed, uniformly mixing the mixture, and keeping the subsequent operation unchanged to obtain modified sludge-based biochar particles;
in 5), mixing and dipping the dry sludge-based spherical particles with a modifier, drying the mixture at 50 ℃ again after the dipping, and then pyrolyzing the mixture, wherein the follow-up operation is unchanged to obtain modified sludge-based biochar particles;
adding a modifier in the pyrolysis process of the dry sludge spherulites to co-pyrolyze the dry sludge spherulites, and keeping the subsequent operation unchanged to obtain modified sludge-based biochar granules;
and finally, mixing and impregnating the prepared sludge-based biochar particles with a modifier, and drying at 80 ℃ again after impregnation is finished to obtain the modified sludge-based biochar particles.
The charcoal granules are spherical objects manufactured by the preparation method.
The method is used for preparing the charcoal granules for treating the municipal excess sludge, achieves the purposes of treating the municipal excess sludge and expanding the resource utilization of the municipal excess sludge by using simple tools for assistance and an ecological method, does not need to add medicaments, does not consume energy, is simple and easy to operate, and has good economic, environmental and social benefits.
Drawings
The following is a brief description of the contents of each figure in the description of the present invention:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a sludge-based biochar pellet;
fig. 3 is a bar graph of sludge-based biochar pellets.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings is provided to describe the embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes and configurations of the components, the mutual positions and connection relationships of the components, the functions and working principles of the components, the manufacturing processes and the operation and use methods, etc., will be further described in detail to help those skilled in the art to more completely, accurately and deeply understand the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention.
The preparation method of the sludge-based biochar particles is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of air drying, strip forming, granulating, drying and pyrolyzing the dewatered sludge to obtain sludge-based biochar granules, and specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting urban residual dewatered sludge with the water content of 80-85%;
the specific steps for preparing the sludge-based biochar granules comprise: after paving the urban residual dewatered sludge in a stainless steel air-drying tray, picking out impurities such as stones, plastics and the like, naturally drying, and continuously stirring and turning over to ensure that the moisture content of each part of the dried sludge is uniform until the average moisture content of each part of the sludge is 60-70%;
then compacting the sludge, placing the compacted sludge in a stainless steel strip discharging device with the hole diameter of strip discharging holes of 3 mm, 5mm and 6mm, and slowly rotating to push out strip sludge.
And respectively placing the strip-shaped sludge on pill making plates with the particle sizes of 3 mm, 5mm and 6mm, and regularly placing the strip-shaped sludge in a way of being vertical to pore channels of the pill making plates, aligning the pore channels of the pill making plates according to requirements, and pushing the strip-shaped sludge back and forth for three to four times to obtain sludge spherical particles with the particle sizes of 3 mm, 5mm and 6 mm.
And (3) dispersing the sludge spherulites on a stainless steel air-drying tray, and drying in an oven at 50 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the dried sludge spherulites with the particle size of 1-4 mm.
The method comprises the steps of adopting an oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method, placing dry sludge spherulites in a covered square boat, placing the square boat in a high-temperature tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen for protection, connecting the other end of the square boat with a rubber hose, and introducing a 1mol/L NaOH solution for absorbing tail gas. Heating to 300, 500 and 700 ℃ from room temperature at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, pyrolyzing at the temperature for 60min, cooling, taking out after pyrolysis, placing in a glass drier, and cooling to room temperature to obtain sludge-based biochar particles with the particle size of 1-4 mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the drying temperature needs to be set within a range of ensuring the drying efficiency and not causing the sludge pellets to be damaged or carbonized, generally speaking, the temperature range can be set to 40-50 ℃, that is, the drying temperature is set to 40 ℃, 41 ℃, 42 ℃, 43 ℃, 44 ℃, 45 ℃, 46 ℃, 47 ℃, 48 ℃, 49 ℃ or 50 ℃ and the like, because all drying temperatures needed for drying the sludge cannot exceed 50 ℃, so that the sludge is prevented from cracking due to too high temperature causing too fast water loss in the drying process, the whole sphere structure of the sludge pellets is damaged, and the subsequent pyrolytic preparation of the biochar pellets is required, therefore, on the premise that the drying temperature does not exceed 50 ℃, the sludge is selected to be dried at a proper temperature. Any temperature within 40-50 ℃ can ensure the drying efficiency without influencing the structure and the performance of the sludge spherulites.
In the embodiment of the invention, the drying time and the pyrolysis time are not fixed and are related to the setting of the drying temperature and the performance required by the pyrolysis preparation, generally speaking, the drying temperature is higher, the residual moisture content is small, the drying time is shorter, and conversely, the drying time is longer. However, when a constant mass of dry sludge pellets is observed, i.e., complete drying of the water, the drying storage may be stopped or pyrolysis may be performed. The skilled person can set a certain time interval and weigh the dried sludge pellets periodically to confirm whether the mass is constant, and in the embodiment of the present invention, for the sake of uniform expression, the drying time is set to be more than 24h, because generally, more than 24h is enough to obtain completely the dried sludge pellets.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the dried sludge spherulites are obtained, oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis needs to be carried out on the dried sludge spherulites to obtain the sludge-based biochar granules, and no specific requirements are imposed on pyrolysis conditions, so that both a muffle furnace and a tubular furnace can be used.
Optionally, the pyrolysis temperature for preparing the sludge-based biochar particles is 300-700 ℃.
In the examples of the present invention, when producing the sludge-based biochar particles, the pyrolysis temperature is in the range of 300 to 700 ℃, wherein the pyrolysis temperature may be 300 ℃, 350 ℃, 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃ or the like, and may be any temperature in the range of 300 to 700 ℃, and generally, the carbon content after carbonization of the biochar is related to the pyrolysis temperature.
Optionally, the preparation pyrolysis time of the sludge-based biochar granules is 30-120min.
In the embodiment of the invention, when preparing the sludge-based biochar particles, the pyrolysis time is in the range of 30-120min, wherein the pyrolysis time can be 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min and the like, and any time in the range of 30-120min is generally related to the structure and performance of the biochar after carbonization and the pyrolysis time.
Optionally, the pyrolysis heating rate of the preparation of the sludge-based biochar particles is 2-10 ℃/min.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sludge-based biochar particles are prepared, the pyrolysis temperature rise rate is in the range of 2-10 ℃/min, wherein the pyrolysis temperature rise rate can be 2 ℃/min, 3 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 5 ℃/min, 6 ℃/min, 7 ℃/min, 8 ℃/min, 9 ℃/min, 10 ℃/min and the like, the temperature rise rate can be arbitrarily in the range of 2-10 ℃/min, and generally, the structure of the biochar after carbonization is related to the pyrolysis temperature rise rate.
In addition, in order to prove the feasibility of the invention, in the embodiment of the invention, sludge-based biochar particles with the particle sizes of 2 mm, 3 mm and 4mm are prepared by pyrolysis at 300 ℃, 500 ℃ and 700 ℃, which are respectively marked as BP300-2, BP300-3, BP300-4, BP500-2, BP500-3, BP500-4, BP700-2, BP700-3 and BP700-4, and the prepared sludge-based biochar particles are measured and compared by an adsorption experiment, and the results are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
The sludge-based biochar particles provided by the embodiment of the invention are biochar particles obtained by the preparation methods such as pelleting and pyrolysis.
In the embodiment of the invention, the small-particle-size sludge-based biochar particles with spherical structures are prepared by using urban dewatered excess sludge as a preparation origin through the steps of twisting spherical particles and the like, and the special microstructure of the biochar is fully utilized, so that the obtained sludge-based biochar particles can efficiently adsorb cadmium metal and are convenient to separate and recycle, the application range of the biochar is improved, the recycle rate of a biochar material is improved, and the application range and the efficiency of an adsorption method are also improved.
In summary, in the method for preparing a sludge-based biochar granule and the sludge-based biochar granule provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the sludge-based biochar granule includes: sequentially air-drying, stripping and granulating the dehydrated residual sludge with the water content of 80-85% to obtain sludge pellets; to the above-mentioned; drying and pyrolyzing the sludge pellets to obtain the charcoal pellets. The preparation method of the sludge-based biochar granules does not use mechanical equipment with complex operation or high cost, and avoids the hidden danger of environmental pollution caused by the loss of redundant energy due to the use of complex equipment.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concepts and solutions, or their direct application to other applications without modification, are intended to be covered by the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the sludge-based biochar particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Taking sludge, dehydrating and air-drying;
2) Preparing sludge into sludge strips;
3) Preparing sludge strips into sludge spherulites;
4) Drying the sludge spherulites to prepare dry sludge spherulites;
5) And preparing the dry sludge spherulites into sludge-based biochar particles by adopting an oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method.
2. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1), the sludge is obtained from residual dehydrated sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge is 80-85%, and then the dehydrated sludge is air-dried until the moisture content is 60-70%;
in the step 1), the air drying method is to spread the dewatered sludge in a tray, pick out foreign matters in the dewatered sludge, naturally air-dry the sludge, stir the sludge during the natural air-drying period and turn the sludge over until the average water content of each part of the sludge reaches 60 to 70 percent, wherein the foreign matters comprise but are not limited to stones and plastics.
3. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 2) preparing the sludge with the water content of 60-70% in the step 1) into sludge strips with the same water content by using a strip discharging device.
4. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 3) preparing the sludge strips with the water content of 60-70% in the step 2) into sludge pellets with the same water content by using a pelletizing plate.
5. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 3) placing the sludge strips on an ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) double-handle pelleting plate corresponding to the grain size of strip outlet holes of the strip outlet device, flatly placing the sludge strips on the pelleting plate and vertical to the pore channels of the pelleting plate, and then aligning the sludge strips with the pore channels of the pelleting plate and pushing the sludge strips back and forth for three to four times to obtain sludge spherulites with fixed grain sizes.
6. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4) putting the sludge spherulites obtained in the step 3) into an oven through a tray for drying to obtain dry sludge spherulites.
7. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: and 4) scraping the sludge spherulites from the pelleting plate by using a cleaning brush, dispersing and placing the sludge spherulites in a tray, and then drying the tray in an oven at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 11-13h to obtain the dry sludge spherulites.
8. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 5) in the oxygen-limited high-temperature pyrolysis method, putting the dry sludge spherulites into a covered ark, placing the ark into a high-temperature tube furnace, connecting a nitrogen gas source to an air inlet of the high-temperature tube furnace, connecting an air outlet of the high-temperature tube furnace into a NaOH solution through a rubber hose to absorb tail gas, and cooling the ark to room temperature in a dryer after pyrolysis is finished.
9. The method for preparing sludge-based biochar particles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:
in the 2) or 3) preparation process, the modifier is added into the sludge and mixed with the sludge;
in the step 4), the dry sludge spherulites and the modifying agent are mixed and impregnated, and then the impregnated dry sludge spherulites are placed in an oven at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ again for drying;
in the step 5), the prepared sludge-based biochar particles and a modifier are mixed and impregnated, and then the impregnated sludge-based biochar particles are placed in an oven at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for drying;
finally obtaining the modified sludge-based biochar particles.
10. A biochar pellet, which is characterized in that: the biochar pellets are spherical objects manufactured by the manufacturing method of claims 1-9.
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