CN1152994A

CN1152994A - High-efficiency fertilizer for fish feed and producing process thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1152994A
Application number: CN95121444A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王学文; 王明学
Original assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Priority date: 1995-12-28
Filing date: 1995-12-28
Publication date: 1997-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2015-12-28
Also published as: CN1060622C

Abstract

An efficient furtilizer for fish feed has a basic formula of N and P components, also including trace elements such as Ca, Si, Fe and Mg, chelating agent including sodium humate and EDTA, and additives such as rare earth elements, manganese sulfate, cobalt chloride and ferrous sulfate, and is prepared through acidifying powdered phosphorus ore, phosphorizing and ammoniating reaction and addition of additives. It serves to directionally culture diatom and Chrysophyta in order to accumulate EPA and DHA in fish body and promote their transformation.

Description

A kind of high-efficiency fertilizer for fish feed and manufacturing process thereof

The invention belongs to field of fertilizer manufacturing, relevant with the aquaculture special-purpose fertilizer material.

Recent two decades comes, because the development of intensive feeding cause, caused the sustainable growth of fish crop, one of main well stimulation of taking in wherein culturing is to use urea to the fishing pond at regular time and quantity in suitable breed season (as summer, autumn), nitrogen manure such as amine-oxides and carbonic hydroammonium, its effect is the fertilizer efficiency height, can significantly increase the filter-feeding freshwater fish, as silver carp, the required planktonic growth of flathead, have effective characteristics such as pollution-free because chemical fertilizer is breeded fish, at home and abroad particularly obtained popularizing rapidly and promoting in the freshwater aquiculture of China recent years.

The Chinese invention patent application discloses, and a kind of " compound fertilizer for fishery and manufacturing process thereof " (sees the Chinese invention patent prospectus, publication number CN1058514A, number of patent application 91108133x), except that containing nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, also contain a certain amount of calcium, magnesium, iron and trace element in this fertilizer.Its manufacturing process is at first at normal temperatures with urea; the sulphur ammonium; superphosphate, potassium chloride, chelate iron and trace element mix the stacking of stirring back made its phosphorus ammoniumization in 2-3 hour; drop into comminutor rotation 1-2 minute then; do wet degree spray suitable quantity of water according to compound, continue to revolve to mix after 6-8 minute and add fused calcium magnesium phosphate, rotated again 3-5 minute; the fertilizer of moulding is through suitably oven dry, and cooling back packing is finished product.Trace element in this fertilizer is mainly zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate and cobalt oxide and ammonium molybdate etc.

Above-mentioned fertilizer has better effect of increasing production to breeding fish, but also exists following defective: the one, can not the directive breeding diatom and specific algae such as chrysophyceae, and be unfavorable for cultivating unblemished fish; The 2nd, the fertilizer for fish feed that this patent application relates to elaborates to the influence of the quality of fish, is difficult to judge its invention effect.

Task of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and by the adjustment special-purpose fertile prescription of breeding fish, directive breeding phytoplankton (algae) is designed and a kind ofly can effectively improve high-efficiency fertilizer for fish feed and the manufacturing process thereof that the fresh-water fishes quality can improve its output again.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

This fertilizer for fish feed is according to the nutritional need of freshwater aquiculture water body, at general calcium (superphosphate or the fused calcium magnesium phosphate) shortcoming that titanium pigment content is lower, with rock phosphate is material, add intercalating agent in proportion, and through being acidified with acid processing, add additive about post-directed training diatom and chrysophyceae, improved the content of titanium pigment in the water body effectively, rationally adjust nitrogen, the phosphorus ratio, suppress the growth of green alga and blue algae, keep the balance of relevant element, improve the nutritional condition of water body, by the needed diatom of silver carp and the chrysophyceae of the suitable filter-feeding of directive breeding, the content of EPA and DHA is so improve the quality of fishery-ies product in the raising fish body.

This fertilizer for fish feed contains indispensable elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, silicon, iron and magnesium, also contains intercalating agent and other additive, and wherein nitrogen (in N) and phosphorus are (with P ₂O ₅The meter) the content sum be 15-20% (by weight percentage, below other element all with), a flat iron plate for making cakes mixture is 0.5-0.7%, additive is 0.1-0.5%, this additive is selected from rare earth, manganese sulphate, cobalt oxide and ferrous sulfate.Intercalating agent can be selected from sodium humate and EDTA.

Nitrogen in the basic components (in N), phosphorus are (with P ₂O ₅Meter) ratio is 1: 1, perhaps 1: 05, and perhaps 0.5: 1, best proportioning is 0.5: 1, this is because nitrogen is abundanter with respect to phosphorus in the breeding water body, and lacks phosphorus, and the content that particularly improves water-soluble phosphorus in the freshwater aquiculture water body is urgent problem in producing at present.

Intercalating agent in the above-mentioned fertilizer is preferably selected sodium humate for use, and its effect is the various elements during expect in huge legendary turtle Hefei well, promotes slightly solubility P in the fertilizer ₂O ₅Be converted into water-soluble phosphorus.

Additive in the above-mentioned fertilizer can be a rare earth, also can be manganese sulphate, or the two adds simultaneously, and its effect is more remarkable.

Also can in fertilizer, add elements such as an amount of zinc, copper, cobalt or molybdenum according to water quality situation (fishpond).The manufacturing process of this fertilizer is:

A. earlier with phosphate ore pulverizing, ball milling, add intercalating agent according to the above ratio, add sulfuric acid acidation, composting makes its slaking under the normal temperature about 14 days;

B. with the material heating, drying after the slaking, pulverize the cooling back, adds nitrogenous fertilizer (as urea, ammonium chloride, carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate etc., calculating by full nitrogen during use) in proportion and mix;

C. according to certain ratio, add additive (as rare earth or manganese sulphate, or rare earth adds manganese sulphate) and mix, be packaged as finished product

Good effect of the present invention is:

1. significantly improved the content of culturing water-soluble phosphorus in the water spare.According to surveying and determination, use that water-soluble phosphorus content is 8-9% in the superphosphate water body, using product of the present invention then is that water-soluble phosphorus content has improved about 30% more than 13%.

2. improved the ratio of diatom, chrysophyceae and blue algae, green alga breeding growth, used behind this fertilizer at nitrogen: P ₂O ₅Be 0.5: 1 o'clock, additive is that diatom and chrysophyceae class account for total algae amount 55.9% under rare earth+manganese sulphate condition, and blue, edge algae accounts for 44.1%.See Table 1, shown in the table 2.Owing to the directive breeding of diatom, chrysophyceae, improved the content of interior EPA of silver carp body and DHA significantly.(referring to table 3).

3. use the output that this fertilizer can significantly improve fish, its effect of increasing production reaches 39.7% compared with the control

The different proportionings of table one nitrogen and phosphorus are to the * that influences of main algal grown

Unit: ten thousand/liter

* experimental condition: 1. 4 * 4m cement pit, 1 meter of the depth of water, running water adds foster on a small quantity through aeration

The pool water of fish, inoculation algae naturally.

2. additive is A+C (rare earth+manganese sulphate)

Table two different additive is to the * unit that influences of main algal grown: ten thousand/liter * experimental condition: 1. pond scale and processing method are with table 1 1.

2. additive and consumption: A:MnSO ₄0.1-0.5%; B:CoCL ₂0.1-0.5%

C: rare earth 0.01-0.10%; D.FeSO ₄0.1-0.5%

③N∶P ₂O ₅＝0.5∶1

Table three fish of the present invention is used fertile effect and quality influence to silver carp fingerling growth then 1.* the numeral in number is that the body of individuality is long, body weight 2. basic components N:P ₂O ₅Additive is A+C, and composition is with shown in the table one.

Embodiment 1:

N: P ₂O ₅=0.5: 1, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer (amounting to full nitrogen) is 5.1% (percentage by weight), P ₂O ₅Be 10.4% (percentage by weight)

Intercalating agent: sodium humate 0.5% (percentage by weight), additive are that manganese sulphate 0.1% (percentage by weight) nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium chloride, and phosphate fertilizer is percarbonic acid calcium.

Embodiment 2:

N: P ₂O ₅=1: 1, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer (amounting to full nitrogen) is 8.9% (percentage by weight), P ₂O ₅Be 8.5% (percentage by weight), intercalating agent is that EDTA0.60% (percentage by weight) additive is that rare earth 0.03% (percentage by weight) nitrogenous fertilizer is carbonic hydroammonium, and phosphate fertilizer is persulfuric acid calcium or phosphorus ammonium.

Embodiment 3:

N: P ₂O ₅=1: 0.5, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer (amounting to full nitrogen) is 12.8% (percentage by weight), P ₂O ₅Be 6.5% (percentage by weight), intercalating agent is a sodium humate 0.7%, and additive is cobalt oxide 0.1% (percentage by weight), and nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate.

Should select all fishing fertilizer of the season of growth (annual 5-10 month) and the additive of fish to splash to the fishpond first water-soluble back when using, so that impel the vigorous breeding of phytoplankton in the fishing pond.Using the special-purpose fertile quick growth that not only can promote fish of the special sharp II type of fish of the present invention, can also improve the quality of fish, and prevent and treat the effect of aspects such as fish disease in addition, is a kind of cost-effective cultural method.

Claims

1, a kind of fertilizer for fish feed contains nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, silicon, iron and magnesium elements in its prescription, also contains intercalating agent and other additive, it is characterized in that nitrogen wherein (in N) and phosphorus are (with P ₂O ₅Meter) the content sum is 15-20% (percentage by weight, down together), and the chelating agent addition is 0.5-0.7% (percentage by weight), and additive is from rare earth, and manganese sulphate is selected in cobalt chloride and the ferrous sulfate, its addition 0.1-0.5% (percentage by weight).

2, fertilizer for fish feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that intercalating agent wherein selects from sodium humate and EDTA.

3, fertilizer for fish feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that best intercalating agent wherein is a sodium humate.

As claim 1 or 3 described fertilizer for fish feed, it is characterized in that 4, trace element wherein, additive are rare earth and/or manganese sulphate.

As claim 1 or 4 described fertilizer for fish feed, it is characterized in that 5, wherein nitrogen and the phosphorus adding proportion in material is 1: 1 or 1: 0.5 or 0.5: 1.

6, fertilizer for fish feed as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, wherein nitrogen and phosphorus adding proportion the best in material is 0.5: 1.

7, the method for preparation fertilizer for fish feed as claimed in claim 1, its feature comprises:

A. phosphate ore is pulverized, ball milling adds chelating agent by a certain percentage, adds sulfuric acid and changes into, and normal temperature stacking down made its slaking in about 14 days;

B. with the material heating, drying after the slaking, pulverize the cooling back, adds the nitrogenous fertilizer mixing in proportion;

C. add trace mineral supplement in proportion, mix and be final products.