CN115299282A - Method for soil stabilization and sand adjustment of slope - Google Patents
Method for soil stabilization and sand adjustment of slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN115299282A CN115299282A CN202210594592.9A CN202210594592A CN115299282A CN 115299282 A CN115299282 A CN 115299282A CN 202210594592 A CN202210594592 A CN 202210594592A CN 115299282 A CN115299282 A CN 115299282A
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- slope
- slope surface
- grid
- hedge
- target angle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of a slope surface, belonging to the technical field of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration, and comprising the following steps of: planting a plurality of shrubs on the slope surface, wherein the shrubs form hedge grids, the hedge grids are rhombic, one diagonal line of the rhombus is a first straight line, the length direction of the first straight line is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, the vertex angle corresponding to the first straight line is a target angle, and the size of the target angle is determined according to the average slope of the slope surface; and planting arbor and herbaceous plant in the cell. The method changes the target angle of the rhombic unit grid of the hedge grid planted on the slope according to the movement characteristics of the sediment at different slopes, utilizes the hedge to adjust the transport and movement paths of the sediment at different slopes, enables the sediment to be gathered and effectively blocked, consolidated and improved by plants, thereby carrying out gridding sediment regulation and control on the slope, having low treatment cost and high comprehensive benefit and being coordinated with the ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of a slope.
Background
Along with the global climate change and the aggravation of human activities, the unstable slope body in the mountainous area is greatly damaged, so that mountain disasters such as debris flow, landslide and the like are more frequent, and the urban construction and ecological safety barrier construction in the mountainous area are seriously threatened. Particularly, in the southwest region, precipitation is concentrated and geological conditions are complex, so that the method becomes one of disaster areas of mountain disasters. Therefore, aiming at the problem of unstable slope sediment movement, an effective green technology for slope sediment regulation and control is developed, and the method has great significance for enhancing the slope stability, repairing degraded ecological environment, guaranteeing life and property safety of people in mountainous areas, guaranteeing ecological environment safety and the like.
At present, geotechnical engineering measures such as rock mass excavation, retaining wall building, anchoring structure and concrete spraying facing are mostly adopted for solving the problem of unstable slope sediment movement, the engineering measures have positive significance for stabilizing the slope, but the treatment measures are not only high in engineering construction cost and high in construction difficulty, but also destroy the original ecological environment, cannot coordinate with the surrounding environment, even aggravate the destruction process of the unstable slope, and are difficult to achieve the large-area scientific and reasonable treatment target.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for fixing soil and transferring sand on a slope surface, which is used for solving the technical problems in the prior art pointed out in the background technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of a slope surface comprises the following steps:
planting a plurality of shrubs on a slope surface, wherein the shrubs form a hedge grid, the unit grid of the hedge grid is in a diamond shape, one diagonal line of the diamond shape is a first straight line, the length direction of the first straight line is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, the vertex angle corresponding to the first straight line is a target angle, and the size of the target angle is determined according to the average slope of the slope surface;
and planting arbor and herbaceous plants in the unit cells.
Further, for better implementation of the present invention, the target angle of the cells decreases with increasing slope average slope.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, when the average slope of the slope surface is less than or equal to 15 °, the target angle is set to 120 °;
when the average slope gradient of the slope surface is larger than 15 degrees and smaller than or equal to 25 degrees, the target angle is set to be 90 degrees;
when the average slope gradient of the slope surface is greater than 25 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees, the target angle is set to be 60 degrees;
the target angle is set to 30 ° when the average slope of the slope surface is greater than 35 °.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the length of the side of the unit cell of the hedge grid is 2-3m, and each side of the unit cell of the hedge grid is composed of three rows of the shrubs, the hole specification of the shrubs is 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3m, the plant spacing is 0.2m, and the row spacing is 0.3m.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, one arbor is planted in the center of a cell of the hedge grid, and the hole size of the arbor is 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5m;
the herbaceous plants in the unit cells of the plant fence grids are broadcast or dibbled.
Further, in order to better realize the invention, the arbor is willow or poplar or eucalyptus or alder or Yunnan pine, and the height after the trunk is cut is 1.5-1.8m;
the shrub is coriaria sinica or sonchus oleraceus or coriaria sinica, and the height is 0.6-1m;
the herbaceous plant is pseudogold grass or festuca arundinacea or glume grass.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the method further comprises nursing management of the shrubs, trees and herbaceous plants.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the tending management specifically includes:
and (3) carrying out artificial irrigation on vegetation which is just planted, adopting sealing management, strictly preventing people and livestock from trampling, forbidding grazing and cutting, replanting dead plants in the second year, paying attention to pest control, and managing and protecting for two years.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of the slope surface comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of planting a plurality of shrubs on a slope surface, forming hedge grids by the aid of the shrubs, enabling the cells of the hedge grids to be rhombic, enabling one diagonal line of the rhombus to be a first straight line, enabling the length direction of the first straight line to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, enabling a vertex angle corresponding to the first straight line to be a target angle, enabling the size of the target angle to be determined according to the average slope gradient of the slope surface, planting trees and herbaceous plants in the cells, and forming a vegetation community which can regulate and control unstable slope surface silt movement of the slope surface of the slope body and can restore the ecological environment of the area on the slope surface.
Through the steps, the method changes the target angle of the rhombic unit grid of the hedge grid planted on the slope according to the movement characteristics of the sediment under different slopes, utilizes the hedges to adjust the transport paths of the sediment on different slopes, enables the sediment to be gathered and effectively blocked, solidified and improved by plants, thereby carrying out regulation and control on the gridded sediment on the slope, enhancing the surface roughness of an unstable slope, improving the corrosion resistance and the shear resistance of a soil body, and realizing the green disaster reduction purpose with low treatment cost, high comprehensive benefit and coordination of disaster reduction measures and ecological environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention after a hedge grid is planted on a slope;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cell of a hedge grid in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1-unstable slopes; 2-shrub; 3-arbor; 4-herbaceous plants.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of a slope surface, which is used for soil stabilization and sand regulation of the slope surface of an unstable slope body 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method comprises the steps of:
step 1: planting a plurality of shrubs 2 on a slope surface, forming hedge grids by the plurality of shrubs 2, wherein the unit grids of the hedge grids are rhombic, one diagonal line of the rhombus is a first straight line, the length direction of the first straight line is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, the vertex angle corresponding to the first straight line is a target angle alpha, and the size of the target angle is determined according to the average slope beta of the slope surface. Optionally, the rhombus is an equilateral rhombus.
And 2, step: arbor 3 and herbaceous plant 4 are planted in the cells.
Through the steps, the method changes the target angle alpha of the rhombic unit grid of the plant fence grid planted on the slope according to the movement characteristics of the sediment under different slopes, utilizes the plant fence to adjust the transport paths of the sediment on different slopes, enables the sediment to be gathered, fully exerts the effects of blocking, solidifying and improving the sediment of the plant, and is effectively blocked, solidified and improved by the plant, so that the slope is subjected to gridding sediment regulation and control, the surface roughness of an unstable slope 1 is enhanced, the corrosion resistance and the shear resistance of a soil body are improved, and the green disaster reduction purpose that the treatment cost is low, the comprehensive benefit is high, and disaster reduction measures are coordinated with the ecological environment is realized.
Specifically, the two diamond sides corresponding to the target angle α form an included angle with the longitudinal direction of the slope, and soil and sand on the slope slide down along the longitudinal direction of the slope, so that the two diamond sides can block the sand and soil from sliding down, and the plant root system extends into the slope, thereby achieving better soil fixation and sand regulation effects.
As an alternative to this embodiment, the target angle α of the cells of the hedge grid decreases with increasing average slope β. That is, the larger the average slope gradient of the slope surface is, the smaller the target angle α of the cell of the hedge grid is set.
Since the slope surface has a larger gradient, the sand and soil on the slope surface are easy to slide off under the action of gravity, the target angle of the unit grid of the hedge grid is set to be smaller, therefore, more cells can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the slope surface with the same width, more cells are further arranged on the slope surface in a dense mode in the transverse direction, soil and sand can be fixed and adjusted on the slope surface with the larger gradient through the more cells, and the effect is better.
And the slope with smaller gradient is less likely to slide sand and soil, so that the target angle of the cell of the hedge grid is set to be larger, less cells are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the slope to fix and adjust sand on the slope with smaller gradient, the sand and soil on the slope with smaller gradient move more slowly, and better cells are arranged in the transverse direction of the slope to form more cells in the longitudinal direction of the slope to block the sand and soil.
Specifically, when the average slope of the slope surface is 15 ° or less, the target angle is set to 120 °; when the average gradient of the slope surface is larger than 15 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 25 degrees, the target angle is set to be 90 degrees; when the average gradient of the slope surface is larger than 25 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 35 degrees, the target angle is set to be 60 degrees; when the average slope of the slope surface is greater than 35 °, the target angle is set to 30 °.
An alternative implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the length d1 of the side of the unit grid of the plant fence grid is 2-3m, each side of the unit grid of the plant fence grid consists of three rows of shrubs 2, the hole specification of the shrubs 2 is 0.3 multiplied by 0.3m, the plant distance d2 is 0.2m, and the line distance d3 is 0.3m. It should be noted that each side of the unit cell of the hedge grid (i.e. each side of the diamond) is provided with three rows of shrubs 2 to be planted, and the three rows of shrubs 2 are arranged in parallel.
One of the trees 3 is planted in the center of a cell of the hedge grid, and the hole specification of the tree 3 is 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5m, and the herbaceous plant 4 in the cell of the hedge grid is broadcast or dibbled. That is, the arbor 3 is planted at the center of the diamond, and the herb 4 is planted at the places in the diamond by broadcasting or bumping. Optionally, the arbor 3 is willow or poplar or eucalyptus or alder or Yunnan pine, the height after cutting is 1.5-1.8m, the shrub 2 is coriaria sinica or thorns or plantago asiatica, the height is 0.6-1m, and the herb 4 is pseudoaurora or cudweed or Conyza glutinosa. Therefore, the local native dominant plants are used as the main plants in the process of breeding the plant species, the native plants can not only adapt to the local natural environment well, the investment cost is low, the comprehensive benefit is high, new problems caused by the invasion of foreign species can not be caused, but also the native plants can grow rapidly, the activity and the serious water and soil loss of a slope soil body can be prevented, and the vegetation community function of the whole unstable slope body 1 is improved.
Preferably, the method provided by the embodiment further comprises tending and managing shrubs 2, trees 3 and herbaceous plants 4, specifically carrying out artificial irrigation on vegetation which is just planted, adopting sealing and forbidding management, strictly preventing people and livestock from trampling, forbidding grating and forbidding, replanting dead plants in the second year, paying attention to pest control, and managing and protecting for two years. This is possible.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, as a specific implementation manner of the embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the slope surface average gradient (β) of an unstable slope body 1 is about 40 degrees, so the vertex angle (α) of a diamond-shaped unit is set to 30 degrees.
The hedge consists of 3 rows of shrubs 2, the selected shrubs 2 are coriaria sinica or thorns, the height is 0.6-1m, the specification of the pit is 0.3 multiplied by 0.3m, the plant spacing (d 2) is 0.2m, and the row spacing (d 3) is 0.3m; the arbor 3 in the middle of the hedge is selected from poplar, the height after the trunk cutting is 1.5-1.8m, the pit specification is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5m, and one arbor 3 pit is arranged in each rhombic cell; the selected herbaceous plant 4 is Pygeum officinale or Pygeum officinale, and is broadcast sowed or dibbled.
Preferably, the vegetation planted just now is irrigated manually, containment management is adopted, people and livestock are prevented from trampling strictly, grazing and cutting are prohibited, the dead plants are replanted in the second year, attention is paid to pest control, and management and protection are carried out for 2 years.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, as a specific implementation manner of the embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the slope surface average gradient (β) of an unstable slope body 1 is about 29 degrees, so the vertex angle (α) of a diamond-shaped unit is set to 60 degrees.
The hedge is composed of 3 rows of shrubs 2, the selected shrubs 2 are coriaria sinica or coriaria sinica, the height is 0.6-1m, the pit specification is 0.3 multiplied by 0.3m, the plant spacing (d 2) is 0.2m, and the row spacing (d 3) is 0.3m; the arbor 3 in the middle of the hedgerow is selected from eucalyptus, the height of the cut eucalyptus is 1.5-1.8m, the pit specification is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5m, and one arbor 3 pit is arranged in each rhombic cell; the selected herbaceous plant 4 (4) is Pygeum officinale or Pygeum pseudochinensis, and broadcast sowing or dibbling is adopted.
Preferably, the vegetation planted just now is irrigated manually, containment management is adopted, people and livestock are prevented from trampling strictly, grazing and cutting are prohibited, the dead plants are replanted in the second year, attention is paid to pest control, and management and protection are carried out for 2 years.
Example 4:
example as a specific implementation manner of example 1, in this example, the slope average slope (β) of an unstable slope 1 of a certain mine is about 12 degrees for the unstable slope 1 at a certain place, so the vertex angle (α) of a diamond-shaped cell is set to 120 degrees.
The hedgerow is formed by 3 rows of shrubs 2, the selected shrubs 2 are mulberries or bitter thorns, the height is 0.6-1m, the specification of the pit is 0.3 multiplied by 0.3m, the plant spacing (d 2) is 0.2m, and the row spacing (d 3) is 0.3m; the arbor 3 in the middle of the hedgerow is selected from poplar, eucalyptus or willow, the height is 1.5-1.8m after the trunk is cut, the hole specification is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5m, and one arbor 3 hole is arranged in each rhombic cell; the selected herbaceous plant 4 is Pygeum piece or Conyza glutinosa, and is broadcast sowed or dibbled.
Preferably, the vegetation planted just now is irrigated manually, containment management is adopted, people and livestock are prevented from trampling strictly, grazing and cutting are prohibited, the dead plants are replanted in the second year, attention is paid to pest control, and management and protection are carried out for 2 years.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for soil stabilization and sand regulation of a slope surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
planting a plurality of shrubs on a slope surface, wherein the shrubs form a hedge grid, the unit grid of the hedge grid is in a diamond shape, one diagonal line of the diamond shape is a first straight line, the length direction of the first straight line is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, the vertex angle corresponding to the first straight line is a target angle, and the size of the target angle is determined according to the average slope of the slope surface;
and planting arbor and herbaceous plants in the unit cells.
2. The method for soil stabilization and sand regulation on the slope surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the target angle of the cell decreases as the slope average slope increases.
3. The method for soil stabilization and sand regulation on the slope surface as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
when the average slope of the slope surface is less than or equal to 15 degrees, the target angle is set to be 120 degrees;
when the average slope gradient of the slope surface is larger than 15 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 25 degrees, the target angle is set to be 90 degrees;
when the average slope gradient of the slope surface is greater than 25 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees, the target angle is set to be 60 degrees;
the target angle is set to 30 ° when the average slope of the slope surface is greater than 35 °.
4. The method for soil stabilization and sand transfer of the slope surface according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the length of the side of each unit grid of the hedge grid is 2-3m, each side of each unit grid of the hedge grid consists of three rows of shrubs, the hole specification of the shrubs is 0.3 multiplied by 0.3m, the plant spacing is 0.2m, and the row spacing is 0.3m.
5. The method for soil stabilization and sand transfer of a slope surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
one arbor is planted in the center of a unit cell of the hedge grid, and the hole specification of the arbor is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5m;
the herbaceous plants in the unit grids of the plant fence grid are broadcast sown or dibbled.
6. The method for soil stabilization and sand transfer of a slope surface as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the arbor is willow or poplar or eucalyptus or alder or Yunnan pine, and the height of the arbor after the arbor is cut dry is 1.5-1.8m;
the shrub is coriaria sinica or sonchus oleraceus or coriaria sinica, and the height is 0.6-1m;
the herbaceous plant is pseudoaureobasidium or festuca arundinacea or glume grass.
7. The method for soil stabilization and sand regulation on the slope surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises tending the shrubs, trees and herbs.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the tending management specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out artificial irrigation on vegetation which is just planted, adopting sealing management, strictly preventing people and livestock from trampling, forbidding grazing and cutting, replanting dead plants in the second year, paying attention to pest control, and managing and protecting for two years.
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| CN202210594592.9A CN115299282B (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Method for soil fixation and sand adjustment of slope |
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| CN202210594592.9A CN115299282B (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Method for soil fixation and sand adjustment of slope |
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