CN215801476U

CN215801476U - Open channel constructed based on diversion project ecological corridor

Info

Publication number: CN215801476U
Application number: CN202121636578.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘昱; 刘贤才
Original assignee: Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute
Current assignee: Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute
Priority date: 2021-07-19
Filing date: 2021-07-19
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-19

Abstract

The utility model relates to an open channel constructed based on an ecological corridor of a diversion project, which consists of an open channel slope protection, an open channel bottom and an open channel project management range; two ends of the bottom of the open channel are respectively provided with an open channel revetment; one end of each open channel revetment, which is far away from the bottom of the open channel, is provided with an open channel engineering management range; the open channel revetment consists of a concrete revetment and a fiber net revetment; the upper end of the concrete slope protection is connected with the lower end of the fiber net slope protection, the lower end of the concrete slope protection is connected with one end of the bottom of the open channel, the surface layer is a concrete protection layer, and inhabiting holes are formed in the surface layer; the fiber mesh slope protection surface layer is a fiber mesh grid block; the open channel engineering management range comprises a bank top road and an interception ditch; the embankment top road is arranged between the open channel revetment and the retaining trench. The utility model breaks the characteristics of a 'three-side light' river channel and maintains the integrity of an ecological system in an open channel; the change of the water flow speed is formed locally, so that the opportunity for eating is provided for the fish; provides places for foraging, perching, refuge and breeding of animals.

Description

Open channel constructed based on diversion project ecological corridor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an open channel constructed on the basis of an ecological corridor of a diversion and water transfer engineering.

Background

The water resource space-time distribution in China is extremely uneven, the annual change of precipitation is large, the spatial distribution of the water resource shows the phenomenon of less north and more south, the development layout of the economic society is not suitable for the distribution of the water resource, and the contradiction between the supply and the demand of the water resource is very prominent.

Nowadays, diversion projects play an important role in optimizing and configuring water resources, and have the characteristics of long lines, more buildings, complex environment and geology, high maintenance requirements and the like, such as south-to-north water diversion projects, north-to-jaw water resource configuration projects, introduction 28390, Yanjin and east-deep water supply long-distance diversion projects. The engineering also becomes an important marker for economic development and social influence improvement while creating huge social benefits.

However, the water conservancy project construction is accompanied by the splitting and disturbance of the primary environment, which causes great changes in the composition structure, material circulation and energy transfer characteristics of the natural ecological system, so that the originally harmonious ecological landscape pattern becomes broken, such as a series of ecological environment problems of changing regional climate environment, causing vegetation degradation and loss of variety of species, and the like. Meanwhile, the defects of engineering water culture resources, natural landscape resources and regional culture resources are caused.

In the prior art, the water diversion engineering field mainly adopts various schemes, namely open channels, aqueducts (official bridges), inverted siphons and hidden culverts (tunnels). The open channel scheme has the advantages of low cost, short construction period, easy maintenance and the like, and has extremely wide application range.

Open channels have the disadvantages that:

1. because the side slope of the open channel takes the water delivery function as the guide, the channel surface of 'three-surface light' or vertical smooth non-pore slope protection is mostly adopted, and the exchange and the connection between the water body and the land are cut, so that the open channel crossing the ground surface blocks the living and migrating environment of the amphibians, and the loss and the fragmentation of the surrounding habitat are caused;

2. because most of space forms of the open channel adopt the straight design, the section form is basically not different, thereby changing different flow speed and flow rate environments required by the habitat in the river channel, further causing the habitat condition to be damaged, not only simulating diversified flow conditions, but also creating a terrain environment suitable for various living beings;

3. because vegetation can not grow to cover the open channel after the channel of the open channel is protected and laid and hardened, water temperature and local small environmental change are caused under the direct irradiation of sunlight, thereby causing the damage of the habitat conditions and failing to provide shading and food sources for terrestrial and aquatic animals and plants;

4. as most of diversion projects pass through suburbs or rural areas, the problem of non-point source pollution exists in the surrounding agriculture, and no vegetation covers the two sides of the open channel, a buffer area cannot be formed, so that the interception capacity and the purification effect of the agricultural non-point source pollution are influenced, and water safety accidents are easily caused;

5. because the slope ratio of the single-stage side slope of the channel for digging the open channel is different, the slope is high and steep, and the rainwater scouring resistance and the natural weathering resistance are poor in rainy days; furthermore, if protection is not added, damages such as gully, local collapse, landslide and the like are easy to occur, and the normal operation of the project is influenced;

6. due to the characteristics of cross-regional and long-distance water diversion and regulation engineering, the channel slope planting layers are all backfilled soil, but the soil quality, the soil nutrient content and the fertility are different due to the soil source and the construction quality, so that the difference of the vegetation growth conditions of the channel slopes in different areas is obvious, and the landscape change characteristics are obvious;

7. because the edge of the diversion project is in the aim of preventing water source damage caused by human factors, a physical isolation protective net can be built, so that animals cannot enter and cross, and living areas of animal growing places are hindered.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides an open channel constructed based on an ecological corridor of a diversion project, which aims to eliminate the characteristics of a three-surface light river channel, build a habitat environment for other organisms and maintain the integrity of an ecological system in the open channel; the change of the water flow velocity is formed locally, which is beneficial to the propagation of algae and aquatic insects and provides food opportunity for fishes; providing places for foraging, perching, refuge and breeding of animals; effectively prevent irrelevant personnel from entering and destroying water quality, and enable animals to freely pass through.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

an open channel constructed based on an ecological corridor of a diversion project comprises an open channel slope protection, an open channel bottom surface and open channel project management ranges positioned on two sides of the open channel; wherein:

the open channel revetment consists of a concrete revetment and a fiber net revetment; wherein:

the concrete slope protection is positioned below the fiber net slope protection and is tightly attached to the fiber net slope protection; the elevation of the junction of the concrete slope protection and the fiber net slope protection corresponds to the elevation of the normal water level; the surface layer of the concrete slope protection is a concrete protection block; a plurality of inhabitation holes for plant growth are formed in the surface of the concrete building block; the surface layer of the fiber mesh slope protection is formed by splicing fiber mesh grid blocks; a living wood pile for fixing the fiber grid blocks is arranged at the common intersection point of each adjacent four fiber grid blocks;

the open channel engineering management range comprises a bank top road and an interception ditch; the embankment top road is arranged on the outer side of the open channel revetment; the interception ditch is arranged on the outer side of the embankment top road; the embankment top road and the interception ditch are arranged along the length direction of the open channel.

Preferably, the concrete protection slope is paved with a composite geomembrane for preventing leakage at the bottom of the concrete protection step; a sand-stone cushion layer is laid at the bottom of the composite geomembrane; modified soil is paved at the bottom of the sandstone cushion layer for replacement and filling.

Preferably, the perch hole is hexagonal in cross-section; the longitudinal hole distances of the adjacent perching holes on the surface of the concrete revetment are all 3m, and the transverse hole distances are all 2 m; the adjacent inhabiting holes are distributed in a uniform and staggered manner; each inhabitation hole is also filled with graded broken stones and planting soil; wherein:

the graded broken stones are filled at the bottom of the inhabitation hole; the planting soil is filled on the upper surface of the graded broken stones.

Preferably, planting soil for planting plants is further paved on the surface of the fiber grid block.

Preferably, the length of the living timber pile is not more than 50cm, and the diameter of the living timber pile ranges from 3cm to 5 cm.

Preferably, the embankment top road and the interception ditch are also provided with a section of backwater slope; the upper side of the backwater slope is attached to one side of the embankment top road; the lower side of the backwater slope is attached to one side of the interception ditch; planting soil for planting plants is laid on the surface of the backwater slope.

Preferably, the concrete slope protection is C20 cast-in-place concrete; the slope ratio of the concrete protection slope ranges from 1:1.5 to 1: 3.

Preferably, the fiber grid block is a W-shaped fiber grid block.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. because the open channel of the utility model adopts a structure combining the concrete slope protection and the fiber net slope protection, and suitable aquatic plants and side slope plants are respectively planted, thereby breaking the characteristics of a 'three-side light' river channel, creating a habitat environment for other organisms, maintaining the integrity of an ecological system in the open channel, improving the self-purification capacity of a water body, and increasing the landscape ecological effect of the channel;

2. the open channel is provided with perching holes on the surface of the concrete slope protection which is scoured for a long time below the normal water level, the flow condition change of the water delivery open channel is locally adjusted, the sequence characteristic of deep and shallow change is formed, meanwhile, a rest area is created for fishes in water by using a shelter, so that the deep and shallow alternate, and the change of the water flow velocity is locally formed, thereby not only being beneficial to the aeration and oxygenation of the channel water body and having superior photo-thermal condition, but also being beneficial to the propagation of algae and aquatic insects in the shallow water area and providing a food-seeking opportunity for the fishes;

3. the open channel of the utility model constructs the growing places of terrestrial and hygrophyte plants by combining the land with the riparian zone and provides living migration areas of land and water area organisms, thereby providing places for animal foraging, inhabitation, refuge and reproduction;

4. due to the dual functions of the cut-off channel and the plant buffer zone, the open channel not only intercepts pollutants carried in clean flow of initial rainwater, but also intercepts non-point source pollution caused by agricultural irrigation, thereby avoiding the non-point source pollution of agricultural cities directly discharged into the channel and generating pollution to the channel, achieving the functions of purification and infiltration, and providing safety guarantee for water quality of diversion works;

5. because the open channel of the utility model constructs the plant buffer zone along the edge, the layered biological trash blocking is formed by utilizing the dense plant root systems, thereby effectively preventing irrelevant personnel from entering and damaging the water quality, enabling the animals to freely pass through and providing a good ecological environment for biological diversity;

6. because the open channel is used as an ecological staggered zone at the edge of a farmland, a biological diversity protection function is constructed, and a good biological living environment is constructed by protecting biological diversity, so that the number of beneficial animals such as frogs can be increased, the application amount of pesticides can be reduced, the agricultural non-point source pollution is reduced, and the crop yield and the continuity of an agricultural system are improved;

7. the open channel of the utility model utilizes the natural lawn and the weeds to jointly grow, thereby alternately playing the landscape effect on the basis of jointly playing the function of preventing and controlling the water and soil loss of the dike slope, and simultaneously reducing a large amount of planting cost and maintenance investment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an open trench for excavation according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fill channel of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concrete slope protection of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a fiber mesh revetment according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fiber web revetment according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a buffering guard band according to the present invention.

Wherein: 10. the method comprises the following steps of concrete slope protection, concrete protection and building of 11.C20, 12. inhabitation holes, 13. gravel cushion layers, 14. modified soil replacement and filling, 15. composite geomembrane, 20. fiber net slope protection, 21. grass combination, 22. planting soil, 23. live wood piles, 24. W-shaped fiber nets, 30. a bank top road, 40. a buffer protective belt, 41. grass seeds, 42. small trees, 43. first backbone trees, 45. second backbone trees, 46. a shrub belt, 50. an intercepting ditch, 60. normal water level and 70. a back water slope.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as various equivalent modifications of the utility model will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the appended claims.

It should be noted in advance that the diversion project open channels are divided into two forms, one is filling open channels, and the other is excavation open channels, the former is generally used at the diversion project source, the starting point height is higher, and the higher water conveying height is needed; the latter is typically a mid-section or end, similar to a conventional raceway.

It should be noted that, according to the above description, since the diversion project open channels are divided into two forms, one is a fill open channel, and the other is an excavation open channel, the present embodiment specifically includes two embodiments, which correspond to the fill open channel and the excavation open channel respectively; the subsequent concrete embodiment is based on the open channel constructed on the basis of the diversion and water-transfer engineering ecological corridor, and the components in the channel are adjusted according to the requirements of construction, site environment and terrain, so that the result of adapting the terrain with the environment is realized; the result of the terrain and environment adaptation includes, but is not limited to, the structures described in the following detailed description.

It should be noted in advance that the diversion project open channels are divided into two forms, one is filling open channels, and the other is excavation open channels, the former is generally used at the diversion project source, the starting point height is higher, and the higher water conveying height is needed; the latter is typically mid-section or distal, similar to a conventional raceway.

Example 1.

The concrete embodiment 1 is constructed by adopting a square open channel digging mode, and the concrete steps are as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, the open channel constructed based on the diversion project ecological corridor is composed of an open channel slope protection, an open channel bottom surface and an open channel project management range; the open channel slope protection, the open channel bottom surface and the open channel engineering management range are all arranged along the length direction of the open channel; wherein:

two sides of the bottom surface of the open channel are respectively provided with an open channel revetment; one side of each open channel revetment, which is far away from the bottom surface of the open channel, is provided with an open channel engineering management range.

In the present embodiment, the open channel engineering management range is set to a range of 8m to 10m outside the open channel opening line, depending on the actual topography.

It should be noted that the range meets the regulations such as water diversion project design guide SL430-2008, reservoir project management design Specification SL 106-96, and sluice project management design Specification SL170-96 in China.

The open channel revetment normal water level 60 is a boundary and is divided into two layers; wherein, the part below the normal water level 60 uses the full impervious lining; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the open channel revetment consists of a concrete revetment 10 and a fiber net revetment 20; wherein:

the concrete revetment 10 is positioned below the fiber net revetment 20 and clings to the fiber net revetment 20; the upper side of the concrete slope protection 10 is connected with the lower side of the fiber net slope protection 20; the lower side of the concrete slope protection 10 is connected with one side of the bottom surface of the open channel; the lower side of the concrete slope protection 10 corresponds to one side of the bottom surface of the open channel one by one; the elevation of the junction of the concrete revetment 10 and the fiber net revetment 20 corresponds to the elevation of the normal water level 60; the concrete slope protection 10 has a concrete surface layer.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the concrete slope protection 10 is provided with a composite geomembrane 15 for preventing leakage at the bottom of the concrete slope protection; a sand-stone cushion layer 13 is laid at the bottom of the composite geomembrane 15; the thickness of the sandstone cushion layer 13 is 15 cm; modified soil is paved on the bottom of the sand cushion layer 13 for replacing and filling 14.

In this embodiment, the concrete slope 10 is cast-in-place concrete of C20; the slope ratio of the concrete slope protection 10 ranges from 1:1.5 to 1: 3.

In this embodiment, the specification of the composite geomembrane 15 is 300g/m²。

The surface of the concrete building block is provided with a plurality of inhabitation holes 12 for plant growth; the opening direction of the perching hole 12 is vertical to the plane of the surface of the concrete building; the perching hole 12 is formed by one-time pouring with the concrete slope 10.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the perching hole 12 is hexagonal, and the cross section area of the perching hole is smaller as the perching hole is closer to the channel base; the longitudinal hole distances of the adjacent perching holes 12 on the surface of the concrete revetment are all 3m, and the transverse hole distances are all 2 m; the adjacent perching holes 12 are distributed in a uniform and staggered way; each inhabitation hole 12 is also filled with graded broken stones and planting soil 22; wherein:

graded crushed stones are filled at the bottom of the inhabitation hole 12; planting soil 22 is filled on the upper surface of the graded crushed stones.

The habitat hole 12 is provided for creating conditions necessary for growth of aquatic plants, and for creating a living habitat environment suitable for amphibians and aquatic animals.

It should be further explained that, in the construction, drainage measures for accumulated water on the outer side of the opening line, the slope surface and the foundation pit should be made in time, and accumulated water on the surface of the channel slope and on the slope toe is strictly forbidden. The excavation should be carried out from top to bottom in layers, the same section should descend in parallel or descend in a gentle slope, and step excavation is strictly forbidden. Reserving a protective layer with the thickness of at least 20cm according to the contour line of a designed structure on a base surface to be built, and manually excavating and removing the protective layer before pouring lining concrete.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the surface layer of the fiber net revetment 20 is formed by splicing fiber grid blocks; each crossing point of the fiber grid block is provided with a living timber pile 23.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fiber mesh grid block is a W-shaped fiber mesh grid block 24. The cross section of the fiber grid block is W-shaped, and the interval connection points are arranged in a staggered mode.

It should be noted that the fiber grid block is made of ecological composite material, which does not pollute and destroy water quality.

In the present embodiment, the length of the living timber pile 23 is not more than 50cm, and the diameter range is 3cm to 5 cm.

In this embodiment, planting soil 22 for planting plants is further laid on the surface of the fiber grid block.

It should be noted that, during construction, grass seeds 41 are sown on the planting soil 22, and then fiber grid blocks are laid; covering the planting soil 22 on the surface of the planting soil 22, and forming a grass combination 21 by combining 60% of artificial grass and 40% of naturally grown weeds; inserting living wood piles 23 at the joints of the fiber grid blocks at intervals to fix the fiber grid blocks, and then paving a soil layer on one side of the surface layer. After the grass seeds 41 grow and germinate, the soil layer penetrates out of the meshes of the fiber grid blocks, the anti-scouring structure body is formed together with the fiber grid blocks, the area is a water flow change area, an anti-skidding slope protection can be formed when no water level exists, self rescue is facilitated when organisms fall into an open channel carelessly, and the survival rate is improved. When water flow exists: the grass and fiber grid blocks form an anti-scouring structure together. The final surface forms the open channel revetment covered by the plants, which not only has good landscape effect, but also has strong functionality.

The open channel engineering management range comprises an embankment top road 30 and an interception ditch 50; both the embankment top road 30 and the interception ditch 50 are arranged along the length direction of the open channel; wherein:

the bank top road 30 is arranged at the outer side of the open channel protection slope; the catch gutter 50 is provided outside the bank-top road 30; the embankment top road 30 and the interception ditch 50 are both arranged along the length direction of the open channel, that is, the embankment top road 30 is arranged between the open channel protection slope and the interception ditch 50.

Note that the bank-top road 30 may be set to a certain width as a bank-top patrol road, as required.

It should be further noted that the other side of the edge of the embankment top road 30 is an open channel engineering management range, and a water intercepting ditch along the direction of the open channel is arranged within 1m of the vacant space for collecting the runoff rainwater of the surrounding plots, so that pollutants carried by runoff cannot enter the open channel to damage the water quality.

It is further noted that, as shown in fig. 6, an open channel buffering and protecting belt 40 is formed beside the intercepting trench in the form of lawn + shrub + tree.

It needs to be further explained that a plurality of researches show that 41 percent of area of grass seeds sowed on the turf accounts for 60 percent, the grass seeds have the function of soil stabilization and slope protection, and the rest of grass seeds naturally extend and grow and are symbiotic and honorable with local weeds; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the artificial lawn is used as a pioneer to guide the natural growth of weeds, and finally, the stability is formed; the purpose is to better prevent soil erosion. The weeds are gradually died after 10 months, the weeds begin to germinate and grow up to 4 months in the second year, the period is winter and spring, rainwater is greatly reduced relative to the flood season, water and soil loss rarely occurs, the landscape effect is enhanced by covering the planted weeds, the weeds enter the flood season after the weeds are died up to 4 months in the second year, the weeds grow rapidly, and the water fixation and soil conservation functions are enhanced together with the planted weeds.

The shrub belt 46 is planted along the inner side of the open channel engineering management range, is 1-2 m wide, defines the range limit of engineering management, and simultaneously cooperates with the low lawn to provide a habitat for insects, reptiles and other animals, and is also a provider of food and energy of other biological groups.

Beside the

shrub zone

46, 2 rows of backbone trees and 1 row of small trees 42 are used for establishing an ecological protection control zone which is arranged in a staggered manner, the plant spacing is larger than 3m, a relatively closed management environment is formed, and a habitat environment for foraging, nesting and inhabiting birds such as skyscrapers can be provided while irrelevant people are prevented from entering the ecological protection control zone. And the air purification and noise reduction can be facilitated.

It should be further noted that, as shown in fig. 6, the arbor includes a small arbor 42, a first backbone arbor 43, and a second backbone arbor 45, which are arranged in order from small to large.

It needs to be further explained that: in the specific implementation process, the number of rows of the arbor needs to be increased according to the width change. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the arbor plant levels of the wide greening area smaller than 6m gradually decrease towards the direction of the open channel engineering management range line; the wide greening area larger than 6m gradually increases towards the direction of the open channel engineering management range line, namely the plant arbor level.

The plant combination can prolong the time of falling to the ground of rainwater, relieve the runoff pressure in a peak period, reduce direct scouring of rainwater on channels and reduce the engineering operation and maintenance cost. Form continuous ecological barriers and ecological galleries.

The engineering approach area is mainly located in the suburbs of towns, a small part of the engineering approach area is located in the suburbs of towns, plants which are close to nature and have developed root systems are selected to be close to nature, artificial traces are reduced as much as possible, and the plants with developed root systems are used for achieving the effects of soil fixation, prevention of water and soil loss and prevention of non-point runoff pollution. And a rough management method and a rough management mode are used, so that the natural growth and the updating succession of the plants are maintained as much as possible. A natural extensive plant community and a multi-level plant ecological barrier are constructed, a relatively closed engineering management environment is formed, and water safety is guaranteed.

The plant configuration combines with the study of plant community characteristics around the project, selects local and local tree species according to the requirements of water and soil conservation technical specifications on vegetation recovery, and selects special tree species with less fallen leaves, barren resistance, less maintenance and no toxicity by combining with the supply condition of peripheral nursery gardens and different land types so as to protect the water quality safety and the project operation safety to the maximum extent.

"near-natural" plant communities have the following characteristics: the plant community has abundant species, more than 80 percent of the species are native tree species, the community structure is stable, the ecological benefit is remarkable, and the maintenance and management cost is low. The water and soil conservation is configured by the plants, so that the damage of the engineering wound to the natural environment is reduced.

When the concrete revetment 10 is washed by water, the concrete revetment 10 below the normal water level 60 can well resist the action of water flow, the inhabitation holes 12 in the concrete revetment 10 can create regions for fishes to avoid being caught in food or having a rest, different flow states can be created locally, and various production inhabitation environments are provided for aquatic animals.

More than the ordinary water level 60, the water level becomes width of cloth regional, utilizes fibre mesh bank protection 20, treats grass seeds 41 and grows the back that sprouts, wears out the soil layer through the mesh of fibre net bars piece, forms the antiscour structure body jointly with fibre net bars piece, and this region is the rivers change region, can form skid-proof bank protection when not having the water level, does benefit to living beings and saves oneself when falling the open channel carelessly, promotes the probability of surviving. When water flow exists: the grass and fiber grid blocks form an anti-scouring structure together. The final surface forms the open channel revetment covered by the plants, which not only has good landscape effect, but also has strong functionality.

On the other hand, in order to meet the requirements of engineering maintenance and inspection, the top embankment road 30 is arranged next to the opening line. Wherein the slope of road is to, towards the vatch basin, when guaranteeing that the road receives the rainwater runoff, the pollution on surface can not destroy quality of water.

A buffer protection belt 40 is arranged on the other side of the intercepting ditch by utilizing the engineering management range. The plants grown in the buffer guard zone 40 are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 list of plants planted in the buffer guard zone 40

Reference numerals in the drawings	Name of plant species
		41	Festuca arundinacea
42	Glossy privet
		43	Camphor tree
44	Poplar

Through the combination of plants, a relatively closed management environment is formed, and a habitat environment for foraging, nesting and inhabiting birds such as skyscrapers can be provided while the entry of irrelevant people is prevented. And the air purification and noise reduction can be facilitated. Meanwhile, the plant combination can prolong the time of falling to the ground of rainwater, relieve the runoff pressure in a peak period, reduce the direct scouring of the rainwater on the channel and reduce the engineering operation and maintenance cost. Form continuous ecological barriers and ecological galleries.

On the other hand, in the face of the agricultural non-point source pollution on the periphery, the plant combination can purify the pollutants of runoff by self, the soil is solidified and the water is preserved, meanwhile, the water quality is further guaranteed, and even if the non-point source pollution is not filtered, the non-point source pollution can be intercepted through a last intercepting ditch defense line.

Example 2.

The concrete embodiment 2 is constructed by adopting a square open channel digging mode, and comprises the following concrete steps:

the concrete revetment 10 is positioned below the fiber net revetment 20 and clings to the fiber net revetment 20; the upper side of the concrete slope protection 10 is connected with the lower side of the fiber net slope protection 20; the lower side of the concrete slope protection 10 is connected with one side of the bottom surface of the open channel; the lower side of the concrete slope protection 10 corresponds to one side of the bottom surface of the open channel one by one; the elevation of the junction of the concrete revetment 10 and the fiber net revetment 20 is equal to the elevation of the normal water level 60; the concrete slope protection 10 has a concrete surface layer.

It is further noted that, as shown in fig. 6, an open channel buffering and protecting belt 40 is formed beside the intercepting trench in the form of lawn + shrub + tree. Multiple researches show that 41 percent of area of grass seeds sowed on the turf accounts for 60 percent, the grass seeds have the function of soil stabilization and slope protection, and the rest of grass seeds naturally extend and grow and are symbiotic and honorable with local weeds; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the artificial lawn is used as a pioneer to guide the natural growth of weeds, and finally, the stability is formed; the purpose is to better prevent soil erosion. The weeds are gradually died after 10 months, the weeds begin to germinate and grow up to 4 months in the second year, the period is winter and spring, rainwater is greatly reduced relative to the flood season, water and soil loss rarely occurs, the landscape effect is enhanced by covering the planted weeds, the weeds enter the flood season after the weeds are died up to 4 months in the second year, the weeds grow rapidly, and the water fixation and soil conservation functions are enhanced together with the planted weeds.

Beside the

shrub zone

In this embodiment, a section of backwater slope 70 is also provided between the embankment top road 30 and the interception ditch 50; the upper side of the downstream slope 70 is connected with one side of the embankment top road 30; the lower side of the backwater slope 70 is connected with one side of the interception ditch 50; planting soil 22 for planting plants is laid on the surface of the backwater slope 70.

Compared with the open channel of the excavation, the open channel of the fill has one more backwater slope 70, grass seeds 41 are sown by the turf, slope protection is realized in a natural extending and natural growing mode, and the soil-fixing and slope protection functions of water retention, heat preservation and rainwater erosion resistance are exerted.

A buffer protection belt 40 is arranged on the other side of the intercepting ditch by utilizing the engineering management range. The plants grown in the buffer protection zone 40 are shown in table 1.

In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the utility model.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. To those skilled in the art; various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. It is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but that many variations are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Here, it should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, the present specification may be embodied in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, and numbers disclosed to describe aspects of the specification and claims are examples only, and thus, the specification and claims are not limited to the details shown. In the following description, when a detailed description of related known functions or configurations is determined to unnecessarily obscure the focus of the present specification and claims, the detailed description will be omitted.

Where the terms "comprising", "having" and "including" are used in this specification, there may be another part or parts unless otherwise stated, and the terms used may generally be in the singular but may also be in the plural.

It should be noted that although the terms "first," "second," "top," "bottom," "side," "other," "end," "other end," and the like may be used and used in this specification to describe various components, these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or section from another element or section. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, with the top and bottom elements being interchangeable or switchable with one another, where appropriate, without departing from the scope of the present description; the components at one end and the other end may be of the same or different properties to each other.

Further, in constituting the component, although it is not explicitly described, it is understood that a certain error region is necessarily included.

In describing positional relationships, for example, when positional sequences are described as being "on.. above", "over.. below", "below", and "next", unless such words or terms are used as "exactly" or "directly", they may include cases where there is no contact or contact therebetween. If a first element is referred to as being "on" a second element, that does not mean that the first element must be above the second element in the figures. The upper and lower portions of the member will change depending on the angle of view and the change in orientation. Thus, in the drawings or in actual construction, if a first element is referred to as being "on" a second element, it can be said that the first element is "under" the second element and the first element is "over" the second element. In describing temporal relationships, unless "exactly" or "directly" is used, the description of "after", "subsequently", and "before" may include instances where there is no discontinuity between steps. The features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or fully combined or spliced with each other and performed in a variety of different configurations as would be well understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the utility model may be performed independently of each other or may be performed together in an interdependent relationship.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an open channel based on ecological corridor of diversion project founds which characterized in that: the open channel protection slope is composed of an open channel protection slope, an open channel bottom surface and open channel engineering management ranges positioned on two sides of the open channel; wherein:

the open channel revetment consists of a concrete revetment (10) and a fiber net revetment (20); wherein:

the concrete protection slope (10) is positioned below the fiber net protection slope (20) and clings to the fiber net protection slope (20); the elevation of the junction of the concrete revetment (10) and the fiber net revetment (20) corresponds to the elevation of the normal water level (60); the surface layer of the concrete protection slope (10) is formed by concrete protection and building; a plurality of inhabitation holes (12) for plant growth are formed on the surface of the concrete building block; the surface layer of the fiber mesh revetment (20) is formed by splicing fiber mesh grid blocks; a living wood pile (23) for fixing the fiber grid blocks is arranged at the common intersection point of every four adjacent fiber grid blocks;

the open channel engineering management range comprises a bank top road (30) and a retaining ditch (50); the embankment top road (30) is arranged on the outer side of the open channel revetment; the catch trench (50) is disposed outside the bank top road (30); the embankment top road (30) and the interception ditch (50) are arranged along the length direction of the open channel.

2. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 1, wherein: the concrete protection slope (10) is paved with a composite geomembrane (15) for preventing leakage at the bottom of the concrete protection step; a sand-stone cushion layer (13) is laid at the bottom of the composite geomembrane (15); modified soil is paved at the bottom of the sand cushion layer (13) for replacement and filling (14).

3. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the perch hole (12) is hexagonal; the longitudinal hole distances of the adjacent perching holes (12) on the surface of the concrete revetment are all 3m, and the transverse hole distances are all 2 m; the adjacent inhabitation holes (12) are distributed in a uniform and staggered way; each inhabitation hole (12) is also filled with graded broken stones and planting soil (22); wherein:

the graded broken stones are filled at the bottom of the inhabitation hole (12); the planting soil (22) is filled on the upper surface of the graded broken stones.

4. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 1, wherein: planting soil (22) for planting plants is laid on the surface of the fiber grid block.

5. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 1, wherein: the length of the living wood pile (23) is not more than 50cm, and the diameter range is 3 cm-5 cm.

6. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 1, wherein: the embankment top road (30) and the interception ditch (50) are also provided with a section of backwater slope (70); the upper side of the backwater slope (70) is attached to one side of the bank top road (30); the lower side of the backwater slope (70) is attached to one side of the interception ditch (50); planting soil (22) for planting plants is laid on the surface of the backwater slope (70).

7. The open channel constructed on the basis of the diversion water engineering ecological corridor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the concrete slope protection (10) is C20 cast-in-place concrete; the slope ratio of the concrete protection slope (10) ranges from 1:1.5 to 1: 3.

8. The open channel constructed based on the diversion water engineering ecological corridor of claim 7, wherein: the fiber grid block is a W-shaped fiber grid block (24).