CN115287079A - Humic acid activated ground phosphate rock improvement saline-alkali soil and land fertility improvement method - Google Patents
Humic acid activated ground phosphate rock improvement saline-alkali soil and land fertility improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115287079A CN115287079A CN202211062610.5A CN202211062610A CN115287079A CN 115287079 A CN115287079 A CN 115287079A CN 202211062610 A CN202211062610 A CN 202211062610A CN 115287079 A CN115287079 A CN 115287079A
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- alkali soil
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 241000193385 Geobacillus stearothermophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 claims description 6
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-leucine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 humic acid activated phosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving saline-alkali soil and improving soil productivity by activating phosphate rock powder with humic acid, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The modifier A is applied after ploughing in spring, and the modifier B is applied before transplanting; the raw materials of the agent A comprise nitrogen fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, activated phosphate rock powder, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, candida utilis, bacillus subtilis, calcium superphosphate and cationic polyacrylamide, and the raw materials of the agent B comprise activated phosphate rock powder, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, bacillus stearothermophilus microbial inoculum, fly ash and humic acid. The invention regulates and controls the components of the agent A and the agent B, combines soil structure adjustment, microorganisms and chemical means, realizes comprehensive regulation and control on saline-alkali soil, ensures excellent improvement effect on the salinized soil, and simultaneously ensures lasting and effective improvement of soil fertility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a method for improving saline-alkali soil and improving soil fertility by activating ground phosphate rock by humic acid.
Background
The salinization of soil is a worldwide problem which troubles the development of agriculture, and the formation of saline-alkali soil is caused by the accumulation of a large amount of soluble salts such as sodium chloride, sodium carbonate and the like, particularly the accumulation of a large amount of soluble salts with the thickness of 0-20cm on the surface layer of the soil, which seriously influences the growth of crops.
The saline-alkali soil with considerable area exists in the world, and the saline-alkali soil serving as a non-renewable land resource is not effectively treated and utilized. The development and utilization of saline-alkali soil are important ways for solving the problem of food, and the research, treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali soil have important significance for the development of agricultural production, soil improvement and ecological environment protection.
At present, the treatment modes aiming at the salinization of soil mainly comprise the following ways: 1. physical improvement: adopting the measures of land leveling, deep ploughing and sunning upturned soil, loosening soil in time, raising terrain and the like to improve the physical properties of the soil; 2. improvement of hydraulic engineering: such as irrigation and drainage, fresh salt storage, irrigation and salt washing, underground salt drainage and other measures; 3. chemical improvement: the chemical components of the soil are improved by adopting gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium superphosphate, fly ash and the like. These improvements have the following disadvantages: physical improvement is convenient to operate, but the improvement effect is very limited; the investment cost for improving the hydraulic engineering is higher; chemical improvement tends to cause a large amount of chemical components remaining in the soil. Meanwhile, the common problem of the saline-alkali soil improvement modes is that the improvement effect on the saline-alkali soil is not significant and the lasting and effective soil fertility improvement cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving saline-alkali soil and improving soil fertility by using humic acid activated phosphate rock powder, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, realize excellent improvement effect on saline-alkali soil and guarantee lasting and effective soil fertility improvement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows: the saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized by comprising an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
120-460 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 65-310 parts of potash fertilizer, 12-82 parts of trace element fertilizer, 50-210 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1-1.5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2-2.5 parts of candida utilis, 1.8-2.2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2-3 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
the agent B comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
10-20 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 10-18 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, 12-22 parts of bacillus stearothermophilus microbial inoculum, 15-20 parts of fly ash and 20-35 parts of humic acid.
As a further preferred mode of the invention, the activated powdered rock phosphate is prepared by the following steps:
mixing the ground phosphate rock with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.2-1.3.
A large amount of waste phosphate rock resources can be generated in the process of exploitation of phosphate rock, the industrial utilization cost of the phosphate rock resources is high, the energy consumption is high, and the utilization is difficult to realize, however, the phosphate rock powder is a good material for supplementing phosphorus in soil, and the application of the phosphate rock powder as a raw material to soil improvement has the realistic significance of avoiding resource waste. The invention utilizes humic acid to activate the ground phosphate rock, and the obtained acidic substances and nutrients can neutralize alkaline soil and provide nutrient substances for the soil.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the trace element fertilizer includes copper salt, manganese salt and molybdenum salt. Specifically, the mass ratio of the copper salt to the manganese salt to the molybdenum salt is 2:4-5:1-2.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, the preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 7.8-8g/L of glucose, 0.08-0.09g/L of ferrous chloride, 8-11g/L of corn steep liquor, 10-15g/L of sodium chloride, 7-9g/L of silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.2-0.4g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.11-0.13g/L of manganese sulfate and 7.2 of pH to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the moisture content is 13-15%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Bacillus stearothermophilus agent is prepared by the following method:
activating Bacillus stearothermophilus, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of glucose 4-6g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2-3.5g/L, soluble starch 1.5-2.5g/L, peptone 6-8g/L, alanine 0.3-0.5g/L, leucine 0.5-0.8g/L, creatinine 0.3-0.4g/L and pH 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13-15%, and crushing to 50 meshes to obtain the Bacillus stearothermophilus.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is provided, and the agent A and the agent B are obtained by mixing the raw materials according to the mass ratio respectively.
The third technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for improving the saline-alkali soil and improving the soil fertility comprises the following steps: after ploughing in spring, applying the agent A according to the application rate of 550-750 kg/hectare; the agent B is applied according to the application rate of 18-35 kg/hectare before transplanting rice seedlings.
The fourth technical scheme of the invention is as follows: provides the application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner in improving the soil fertility of the saline-alkali soil.
The saline-alkali soil improver A is added with the phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the granular structure of soil can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the Candida utilis and the Bacillus subtilis are added to effectively improve the soil flora of the saline-alkali soil, and on the basis, the calcium superphosphate and the cationic polyacrylamide can realize the effects of improving the activity of calcium ions and reducing the content of sodium ions, reduce the pH value of the soil and neutralize the alkaline soil.
The saline-alkali soil conditioner B is added with a bacillus amyloliquefaciens agent and a bacillus stearothermophilus agent, the agents are added into soil, and metabolites can provide nutrition necessary for growth of plants.
The activated phosphate rock powder with different contents is added into the agent A and the agent B, and the activated phosphate rock powder is added into the agent A in a large amount so as to obviously adjust the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil environment; the B agent is applied before rice transplanting, the regulation and control requirements of soil on nutrient elements are higher, and through research, the activated phosphate rock powder with a specific proportion in the B agent is compounded with the rest components, so that the composition of the soil elements can be regulated, phosphorus elements and other nutrient components required by growth are provided for plant growth, the nutrient requirements of plants are met, and the improvement effect of saline-alkali soil is ensured.
The agent A and the agent B are applied at different periods, and different raw material components are adopted according to soil characteristics and planting requirements, so that the saline-alkali soil improvement effect is excellent, the soil fertility is effectively improved for a long time, and the soil planting effect is ensured.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the method does not need measures such as water washing, saline-alkali treatment, high ridging and the like, only needs improvement in the original soil environment, is simple and convenient to operate and low in improvement cost, changes the current situations of poor improvement effect and high cost of the existing saline-alkali soil, and has important popularization and application values in the agricultural field.
The invention combines soil structure adjustment, microorganism and chemical means, realizes comprehensive regulation and control of saline-alkali soil, ensures excellent improvement effect of saline-alkali soil, and simultaneously ensures lasting and effective soil fertility improvement.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The "parts" in the present invention are all parts by mass unless otherwise specified.
The strains used in the embodiment of the invention are specifically as follows: the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.10727; the Candida utilis is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and the preservation number is M2015611; the bacillus subtilis is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and the collection number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2011111; the bacillus stearothermophilus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation number: CGMCC1.1865.
Example 1 preparation of a saline-alkali soil conditioner
The activated powdered rock phosphate used in the example is prepared by the following preparation method:
and (3) mixing the ground phosphate rock with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.2.
The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
120 parts of urea, 65 parts of potassium sulfate, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer, 210 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1 part of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of candida utilis, 1.8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
wherein the microelement fertilizer consists of copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate according to a mass ratio of 2.
The saline-alkali soil improver A is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the proportion.
The agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 18 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, 22 parts of a bacillus stearothermophilus microbial inoculum, 15 parts of fly ash and 35 parts of humic acid.
The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 7.8g/L glucose, 0.08g/L ferrous chloride, 11g/L corn steep liquor, 13g/L sodium chloride, 8g/L silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.4g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.13g/L manganese sulfate and the pH value of 7.2 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the preparation method of the bacillus stearothermophilus agent comprises the following steps:
after the bacillus stearothermophilus is activated, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 5g/L glucose, 2.5g/L dipotassium phosphate, 1.5g/L soluble starch, 7g/L peptone, 0.5g/L alanine, 0.7g/L leucine, 0.4g/L creatinine and pH of 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus stearothermophilus agent.
The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner B.
Example 2 preparation of saline-alkali soil conditioner
The activated powdered rock phosphate used in the present example was prepared by the following preparation method:
and mixing the ground phosphate rock powder with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.3.
The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
460 parts of ammonium nitrate, 210 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of trace element fertilizer, 50 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1.5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of candida utilis, 2.2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 3 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
wherein the microelement fertilizer consists of copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate according to the mass ratio of 2.
The saline-alkali soil improver A is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the proportion.
The agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 10 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent, 12 parts of a bacillus stearothermophilus microbial agent, 20 parts of fly ash and 30 parts of humic acid.
The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 8g/L glucose, 0.09g/L ferrous chloride, 9g/L corn steep liquor, 13g/L sodium chloride, 9g/L silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.4g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.13g/L manganese sulfate and the pH value of 7.2 to a stable period, drying the culture medium until the moisture content is 13%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the preparation method of the bacillus stearothermophilus agent comprises the following steps:
after the bacillus stearothermophilus is activated, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 5g/L glucose, 3.5g/L dipotassium phosphate, 1.5g/L soluble starch, 8g/L peptone, 0.5g/L alanine, 0.6g/L leucine, 0.4g/L creatinine and pH of 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus stearothermophilus agent.
The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner B.
Example 3 preparation of saline-alkali soil conditioner
The activated powdered rock phosphate used in the present example was prepared by the following preparation method:
and mixing the ground phosphate rock with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.2.
The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
420 parts of ammonium chloride, 310 parts of potassium chloride, 82 parts of trace element fertilizer, 200 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1.5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of candida utilis, 1.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 3 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
wherein the microelement fertilizer comprises copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate according to the mass ratio of 2.
The saline-alkali soil improver A is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the proportion.
The agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 17 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, 12 parts of a bacillus stearothermophilus microbial inoculum, 16 parts of fly ash and 22 parts of humic acid.
The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 7.5g/L glucose, 0.08g/L ferrous chloride, 10g/L corn steep liquor, 13g/L sodium chloride, 9g/L silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.2g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.13g/L manganese sulfate and the pH value of 7.2 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 15%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the preparation method of the bacillus stearothermophilus agent comprises the following steps:
after activating the Bacillus stearothermophilus, culturing the Bacillus stearothermophilus on a culture medium with the component contents of 6g/L glucose, 2g/L dipotassium phosphate, 2.5g/L soluble starch, 7g/L peptone, 0.4g/L alanine, 0.8g/L leucine, 0.4g/L creatinine and pH of 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 14%, and crushing the culture medium to 50 meshes to prepare the Bacillus stearothermophilus.
The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner B.
Example 4 preparation of saline-alkali soil conditioner
The activated powdered rock phosphate used in the present example was prepared by the following preparation method:
and mixing the ground phosphate rock with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.1 to 8.5.
The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
220 parts of urea, 150 parts of potassium nitrate, 45 parts of trace element fertilizer, 170 parts of activated rock phosphate powder, 1.5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of candida utilis, 2.0 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
wherein the microelement fertilizer comprises copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate according to the mass ratio of 2.
The saline-alkali soil improver A is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the proportion.
The agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
12 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 17 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, 15 parts of a bacillus stearothermophilus microbial inoculum, 16 parts of fly ash and 20 parts of humic acid.
The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 7.5g/L glucose, 0.08g/L ferrous chloride, 9g/L corn steep liquor, 13g/L sodium chloride, 7g/L silkworm chrysalis meal, 0.2g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.12g/L manganese sulfate and the pH value of 7.2 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the preparation method of the bacillus stearothermophilus agent comprises the following steps:
after activating the Bacillus stearothermophilus, culturing the Bacillus stearothermophilus on a culture medium with the component contents of 4g/L glucose, 3g/L dipotassium phosphate, 2g/L soluble starch, 7g/L peptone, 0.5g/L alanine, 0.8g/L leucine, 0.4g/L creatinine and pH of 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the moisture content is 15%, and crushing the culture medium to 50 meshes to prepare the Bacillus stearothermophilus.
The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner B.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the activated phosphate rock powder in the agent B is replaced by equal quality phosphate rock powder.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the mass part of the activated ground phosphate rock in the agent B was adjusted to 22 parts.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the example 1 is that the agent A adopts the same strain as the agent B, and the agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
120 parts of urea, 65 parts of potassium sulfate, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer, 210 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1 part of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1.8 parts of bacillus stearothermophilus, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of cationic polyacrylamide.
Example of Effect verification
The experimental site: the pH value of the Ningxia saline-alkali soil is 10.21 (0-20 cm); the soil state: the structure is compact and is not easy to break;
the experimental method comprises the following steps: after the saline-alkali soil is cultivated in spring, the saline-alkali soil is equally divided into 8 cells, the conditioner A in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-3 are respectively applied according to the application amount of 550 kg/hectare, and the cell without the soil conditioner is used as a blank control group. On day 45 after application of improver A, at an application rate of 18 kg/ha, the respective cells were applied with improver B and the blank control was not applied. And then planting the corns in all the districts according to the same planting density.
The physical state of the soil 45 days after the application of amendment A is shown in Table 1. Data for post-harvest maize plants are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
| Soil structure | pH value (0-20 cm) | |
| Example 1 | Loosening of the loose material | 7.1 |
| Example 2 | Loosening | 7.2 |
| Example 3 | Loosening | 7.1 |
| Example 4 | Loosening | 7.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | Loosening | 8.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | Loosening of the loose material | 8.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | Loosening | 7.9 |
| Blank control group | Compact and firm | 10.22 |
TABLE 2
| Plant height/cm | Ear length/cm | Yield (kg/hm) 2 ) | |
| Example 1 | 292 | 19.2 | 1029.2 |
| Example 2 | 293 | 19.1 | 1031.2 |
| Example 3 | 291 | 19.3 | 1033.6 |
| Example 4 | 290 | 19.2 | 1032.7 |
| Comparative example 1 | 281 | 17.3 | 909.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 284 | 17.4 | 933.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 282 | 17.2 | 925.7 |
| Blank control group | 202 | 10.3 | 284.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after the soil conditioner A of the invention is treated for 45 days, the pH value of the soil is obviously reduced, and the soil state is improved. The results in table 2 show that the improved saline-alkali soil can realize high crop yield and has obvious effect on improving the saline-alkali soil.
Effect test example 2
The experimental site: the pH value of Ningxia saline-alkali soil is 10.22 (0-20 cm); the soil state: the structure is compact and is not easy to break;
the experimental method comprises the following steps: after the saline-alkali soil is cultivated in spring, the saline-alkali soil is equally divided into 8 cells, the conditioner A in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-3 are respectively applied according to the application amount of 550 kg/hectare, and the cell without the soil conditioner is used as a blank control group. On day 45 after application of improver A, at an application rate of 18 kg/ha, the respective cells were applied with improver B and the blank control was not applied.
On day 2 and one year after the application of the conditioner B, the soil with the depth of 0-20cm in each cell is sampled, the alkalinity of the salt and the organic matter content of the soil are measured, and the lasting soil fertility improvement effect of the conditioner is inspected. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the saline-alkali soil conditioner of the invention can achieve a lasting soil fertility improvement effect.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized by comprising an agent A and an agent B:
the agent A comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
120-460 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 65-310 parts of potash fertilizer, 12-82 parts of trace element fertilizer, 50-210 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 1-1.5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2-2.5 parts of candida utilis, 1.8-2.2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2-3 parts of cationic polyacrylamide;
the agent B comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
10-20 parts of activated phosphate rock powder, 10-18 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent, 12-22 parts of a bacillus stearothermophilus microbial agent, 15-20 parts of fly ash and 20-35 parts of humic acid.
2. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 1, wherein the activated powdered rock phosphate is prepared by the following steps:
mixing the ground phosphate rock with humic acid and water according to a mass ratio of 1.2-1.3.
3. The amendment according to claim 1, wherein the micronutrient fertilizer comprises copper salts, manganese salts and molybdenum salts.
4. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of 7.8-8g/L of glucose, 0.08-0.09g/L of ferrous chloride, 8-11g/L of corn steep liquor, 10-15g/L of sodium chloride, 7-9g/L of silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.2-0.4g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.11-0.13g/L of manganese sulfate and 7.2 of pH to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the moisture content is 13-15%, and crushing to 50 meshes to prepare the bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
5. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the bacillus stearothermophilus is as follows:
activating Bacillus stearothermophilus, culturing on a culture medium with the component contents of glucose 4-6g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2-3.5g/L, soluble starch 1.5-2.5g/L, peptone 6-8g/L, alanine 0.3-0.5g/L, leucine 0.5-0.8g/L, creatinine 0.3-0.4g/L and pH 7.0 to a stationary phase, drying the culture medium until the water content is 13-15%, and crushing to 50 meshes to obtain the Bacillus stearothermophilus.
6. A method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the agent A and the agent B are obtained by mixing raw materials respectively according to a mass ratio.
7. A method for improving saline-alkali soil and improving soil fertility, which is characterized in that the saline-alkali soil improvement agent of claim 1 is used for improving the saline-alkali soil and improving the soil fertility, and comprises the following steps: after ploughing in spring, applying the agent A according to the application rate of 550-750 kg/hectare; the agent B is applied according to the application rate of 18-35 kg/hectare before transplanting rice seedlings.
8. The use of a saline-alkali soil amendment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for improving the soil fertility of saline-alkali soil.
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