CN115286645A - 三环杂环衍生物及其药物组合物和用途 - Google Patents
三环杂环衍生物及其药物组合物和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115286645A CN115286645A CN202210981931.9A CN202210981931A CN115286645A CN 115286645 A CN115286645 A CN 115286645A CN 202210981931 A CN202210981931 A CN 202210981931A CN 115286645 A CN115286645 A CN 115286645A
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Abstract
本发明涉及三环杂环衍生物及其药物组合物和治疗用途,其具有通式(I)所示结构,这些化合物或其盐可以选择性的抑制由共济失调‑毛细血管扩张突变及RAD‑3相关蛋白激酶(通常称作ATR),具有良好的癌细胞增殖抑制作用,从而可以作为治疗肿瘤和相关疾病的治疗剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学医药领域,具体涉及三环杂环衍生物、它们的制备方法、含有它们的药物组合物、以及它们的用途。
背景技术
在2008年,全球有超过1200万人被诊断患有癌症。在同一年,据推测约750万人死于这些疾病(Globocan 2008年报告)。仅在美国,据预计在2012年就有超过160万新病例和超过50万人死于癌症。这些新病例中的大多数涉及结肠癌(~100000)、肺癌(~230000)、乳腺癌(~230000)和前列腺癌(~24万)(美国癌症协会(American Cancer Society),癌症事实和数据(Cancer Facts and Figures)2012)。
许多目前的癌症治疗(包括化学治疗剂和电离辐射)诱导DNA损伤和复制叉停滞,从而激活细胞周期检查点途径并导致细胞周期停滞。各种研究表明,这种反应是帮助癌细胞在治疗中存活的重要机制。这些发现已促使开发靶向DNA损伤应答信号传导途径的药剂。
ATR全称共济失调毛细血管扩张突变基因Rad3相关激酶(ataxia telangiectasiaand Rad3-related),是磷脂酰肌醇激酶相关的激酶(PIKK)蛋白家族的成员,由2644个氨基酸组成,是一种在DNA损伤后能够激活细胞应答,进而阻滞细胞周期进程并稳定复制叉及修复DNA,从而回避细胞凋亡的重要激酶。特别地,ATR对于协调对代表单链DNA(ssDNA)的病理积累的复制应激(replication stress,RS)的响应是必需的。ssDNA的重组发生性质导致染色体重排(这是癌症的标志)。响应于RS,ATR通过细胞周期检测点激酶1(checkpointkinase 1,CHK1)的磷酸化触发在S和G2/M期中的细胞周期的停滞。
ATR可以预防癌症的发展,因为ATR检查点反应可能会限制由于致癌基因激活而发生RS的癌前细胞的扩增。此外因为ATR-CHK1检查点途径用于确保RS后的细胞存活,所以正常且稳健的ATR-CHK1检查点可能是对化学疗法具有抗性的机制,并且可以允许癌细胞以高内源RS水平存活。
抑制ATR-CHK1途径的组分可潜在地增强复制抑制剂的有效性。此外,ATR抑制对于具有高水平RS的细胞(例如那些表达致癌基因或缺乏肿瘤抑制因子的细胞)可能特别有毒。在这些细胞中,ATR活性的强烈限制(例如,通过使用ATR抑制剂)将产生致死量的RS,导致细胞死亡。
以这种方式使细胞敏化的潜在优点是降低复制抑制剂的剂量的能力。如果正常细胞未被致敏到相同程度,这将导致对血液学和胃肠器官系统的毒性降低。
用于引起癌细胞死亡的复制抑制剂的特异性可以通过以下事实来辅助:未转化的细胞具有比肿瘤细胞更强的S和G2检查点。例如,许多癌症在p53或p53途径的其他组分中具有突变,导致依赖于S和G2检查点以阻止细胞周期并提供修复和存活。然后抑制S和G2检查点可优先杀死这些p53缺陷型肿瘤细胞。
总之,ATR抑制剂具有针对电离辐射或诱导DNA损害的化疗药剂敏化肿瘤细胞的潜力,具有诱导选择性杀死肿瘤细胞以及在具有DNA损害反应缺陷的肿瘤细胞亚群(subsets)中诱导合成致死的潜力。
目前缺乏有效的ATR抑制剂。WO2014/140644或CN109071565A所公开的ATR抑制剂在代谢稳定性和/或血脑屏障透过性方面还有待进一步改善。
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明人发现了一类新的三环杂环衍生物,其在保障药效学性能的情况下还具有良好的代谢稳定性和优越的脑屏障渗透特性。
进一步地,本发明提供了具有通式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,药物组合物以及用途。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明提供如下方案:
[1]一种具有通式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中:
R1选自
R3和R4各自独立地为氢或C1-C8烷基或R3和R4与其所连接的原子一起形成环A;环A为C3-6环烷基或含有一个选自O或N的杂原子的饱和4-6元杂环;
或者,R1选自
其中,R5独立选自氢、C1-C8烷基、三氟甲基或C3-6环烷基;
R2选自
n为0或1;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R2d、R2e、R2f、R2g和R2h各自独立地为氢、甲基、氟或NHR6;
R2i选自氢、甲基、NHR6或NHCOR7;
R2j为氢或氟;
R6选自氢或甲基;
R7为甲基。
[2]如[1]所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
R1选自
R3和R4各自独立地为氢或C1-C8烷基或R3和R4与其所连接的原子一起形成环A;环A为C3-6环烷基;
或者,R1选自
其中,R5独立选自氢、C1-C4烷基或三氟甲基。
[3]如[1]或[2]所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
R1选自
R3和R4均为甲基或者R3和R4与其所连接的原子一起形成环丙基;
或者,R1选自
[4]如[1]~[3]任一技术方案所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
R2选自
n为0或1;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R2d、R2e、R2f、R2g和R2h各自独立地为氢、甲基、氟或NHR6;
R2i选自氢、甲基或NHR6;
R2j为氢或氟;
R6选自氢或甲基。
[5]如[1]~[4]任一技术方案所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
所述化合物选自:
[6]一种药物组合物,其包含根据[1]~[5]任一技术方案所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及任选地药学上可接受的赋形剂剂、稀释剂或载体。
[7]根据[1]~[5]任一技术方案所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗和/或预付癌症、年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、脉络膜新生血管形成(CNV)、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)、骨化性纤维发育不良、进展性炎症、血管生成相关疾病和细菌感染的药物中的用途。
[8]根据[7]所述的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗和/或预防选自头部、颈部、眼睛、口腔、咽喉、食道、支气管、喉、咽、胸、骨、肺、结肠、直肠、胃、前列腺、膀胱、子宫、子宫颈、乳房、卵巢、睾丸或其他生殖器官、皮肤、甲状腺、血液、淋巴结、肾、肝、膜腺、脑、中枢神经系统、实体瘤和血液传播肿瘤的癌症的疾病。
[9]根据[1]~[5]任一技术方案所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于预防或治疗对抑制ATR激酶敏感的肿瘤药物中的用途。
发明的效果
本发明提供通式(I)化合物,在治疗由共济失调-毛细血管扩张突变及RAD-3相关蛋白激酶抑制剂介导的疾病中具有优异的药效学性能和高的代谢稳定性,该化合物或其药学上可接受的盐适合用于制备治疗癌症药物,本发明的化合物出乎意料地具有优异的血脑屏障通透性,尤其适合制备癌症脑转移或原发性脑癌药物中的用途,在一些具体实施方式中,本发明的化合物特别适合制备脑部肿瘤放疗辅助药物。
具体实施方式
本发明人在研究ATR抑制剂的过程中发现了一类新的三环杂环衍生物,对共济失调-毛细血管扩张突变及RAD-3相关蛋白激酶具有良好的抑制作用,为ATR介导的疾病提供一种治疗方案,预期此类抑制剂具有良好的开发前景。
在本发明中C1-C8烷基是指具有1至8个碳原子的直链或支链的单价饱和烃基,其实例包括,但不限于甲基、乙基、1-丙基、2-丙基、1-丁基、2-甲基-1-丙基、2-丁基、2-甲基-2-丙基、叔丁基、1-己基、2-乙基丁基等。
C3-6环烷基是指3至6个碳原子的环烷基,其实例包括,但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、烷基取代环烷基;
在本发明中,“给药”或“给予”个体化合物是指向需要治疗的个体提供本发明的化合物。
如本文使用的术语“药学可接受的”是指在合理的医学范围内,适用于与人和其他哺乳动物的组织接触而没有过度毒性、剌激、过敏反应等,并且有合理的利益/风险比的组分。
如本文使用的术语“疾病”是指损害或干扰细胞、器官或组织的正常功能的任何病症或紊乱。
如本文所使用的术语“抑制剂”是指化合物或试剂具有抑制靶向蛋白或多肽的生物学功能的能力,例如通过抑制蛋白质或多肽的活性或表达。
在本发明中“任选”或“任选地”是指随后描述的事件或情况可能发生或可能不发生,该描述包括发生所述事件或情况和不发生所述事件或情况。例如,乙基“任选”被卤素取代,指乙基可以是未被取代的(CH2CH3)、单取代的(如CH2CH2F)、多取代的(如CHFCH2F、CH2CHF2等)或完全被取代的(CF2CF3)。本领域技术人员可理解,对于包含一个或多个取代基的任何基团,不会引入任何在空间上不可能存在和/或不能合成的取代或取代模式。
在整个本说明书中提到的“实施方式”或“实施方案”或“在另一实施方案中”或“在某些实施方案中”或“在本申请的部分实施方式中”意指在至少一实施方案中包括与该实施方案所述的相关的具体参考要素、结构或特征。因此,在整个说明书中不同位置出现的短语“在一实施方案中”或“在实施方案中”或“在另一实施方案中”或“在某些实施方案中”或“在本申请的部分实施方式中”不必全部指同一实施方案。此外,具体要素、结构或特征可以任何适当的方式在一个或多个实施方案中结合。
除非本申请中另外要求,在整个说明书和其后的权利要求书中,词语“包括(comprise)”及其英文变体例如“包括(comprises)”和“包括(comprising)”应解释为开放式的、含括式的意义,即“包括但不限于”。
应当理解,在本申请说明书和附加的权利要求书中用到的单数形式的冠词“一”(对应于英文“a”、“an”和“the”)包括复数的对象,除非文中另外明确地规定。
本发明的化合物可以含有一个或多个不对称中心,并且因此作为外消旋物和外消旋混合物、单一对映体、单独的非对映体和非对映体混合物出现。这些化合物的所有此类异构体形式均明确地包括在本发明中。本发明的化合物还可以表现为多种互变异构形式,在此情况下,本发明明确地包括本文所述的化合物的所有互变异构形式。此类化合物的所有此类异构体形式包括在本发明中。本文所述的化合物的所有结晶形式明确地包括在本发明中。
本发明提供一种类三环杂环衍生物、它们的制备方法、含有它们的药物组合物、以及它们的治疗用途。该化合物作为ATR抑制剂,并且药效学性能更好、代谢稳定性更高、血脑屏障通透性优异。
<化合物或其药学上可接受的盐>
根据本发明的第一方面,提供式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中:
R1选自
R3和R4各自独立地为氢或C1-C8烷基或R3和R4与其所连接的原子一起形成环A;环A为C3-6环烷基,或含有一个选自O或N的杂原子的饱和4-6元杂环;优选R3和R4都为甲基或R3和R4形成C3-6环烷基,进一步优选为环丙基;
或者R1选自
其中R5独立选自氢、C1-C8烷基、三氟甲基或C3-6环烷基,在本发明某些具体实施方式中,R5独立选自氢、C1-C4烷基或三氟甲基;
优选R1选自
R2选自
n为0或1;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R2d、R2e、R2f、R2g和R2h各自独立地为氢、甲基、氟或NHR6;
R2i选自氢、甲基、NHR6或NHCOR7;进一步地,R2i选自氢、甲基或NHR6;
R2j为氢或氟;
R6选自氢或甲基;
R7为甲基。
在某些具体实施方式中,本发明的化合物选自:
本发明还包含式(I)化合物在药学上可接受的盐。术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指保留母体化合物的生物有效性和性质的相对无毒的本发明化合物的酸加成盐。所述酸加成盐为本发明(I)化合物与合适的无机酸或者有机酸形成的盐,这些盐可在化合物最后的分离和提纯过程中制备,或者可用纯化的式(I)化合物以其游离碱形式与适宜的有机酸或者无机酸进行反应来制备。本发明所述的药学上可接受的盐为无机盐或有机盐,无机盐包括乙酸盐、己二酸盐、藻酸盐、精氨酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸氢盐、溴化物、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、辛酸盐、氯化物、氯苯甲酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、双葡萄糖酸盐、磷酸二氢盐、二硝基苯甲酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、富马酸盐、甲酸盐、粘酸盐、半乳糖醛酸盐、葡萄糖庚酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半琥珀酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、马尿酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、2-羟基乙磺酸盐、碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、异丁酸盐、乳酸盐、手L糖酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、扁桃酸盐、偏磷酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基苯甲酸盐、磷酸一氢盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、草酸盐、油酸盐、棕榈酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、苯乙酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐、磷酸盐、膦酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐,但这并不代表着限制。
在上述所提及的药物盐中,优选的药物盐包括乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、苯磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、富马酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、半琥珀酸盐、马尿酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、羟乙基磺酸盐、扁桃酸盐、葡甲胺盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、膦酸盐、新戊酸盐、磷酸纳盐、硬脂酸盐、硫酸盐、磺基水杨酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫代苹果酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐和氨丁三醇盐,但这并不代表着限制。
特别优选盐酸盐、二盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐和琥珀酸盐。
本发明还提供了通式(I)化合物的制备方法,所述方法通过以下反应方案之一来实施:
反应方案1:
反应式1
如反应式1所示,将化合物1与相应取代的硼酸频哪醇酯通过Buchwald Hartwig金属偶联得到化合物2,化合物2与相应取代的硼酸频哪醇酯通过Buchwald Hartwig金属偶联得到化合物3,化合物3在强碱条件下脱除Ts保护基得到化合物4。
R1选自
其中,R5独立选自氢、C1-C8烷基、三氟甲基或C3-6环烷基;
R2选自
n为0或1;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R2d、R2e、R2f、R2g和R2h各自独立地为氢、甲基、氟或NHR6;
R6选自氢或甲基;
或者
方案2:
反应式2
如反应式2所示,将化合物5通过烷基化得到化合物6,化合物6通过BuchwaldHartwig金属偶联得到化合物7,化合物7在强碱条件下脱除Ts保护基得到化合物8,化合物8在制备型手性HPLC分离到得到化合物9。
其中,R3,R4的定义与通式(I)的定义相同;
R2选自
n为0或1;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R2d、R2e、R2f、R2g和R2h各自独立地为氢、甲基、氟或NHR6;
R6选自氢或甲基;
或者
方案3:
反应式3
如反应式3所示,化合物1在碱的存在下和取代的苯并咪唑发生亲核取代生成化合物10,化合物10通过Buchwald Hartwig金属偶联得到化合物11。
其中R2i,R2j,n的定义与通式(I)的定义相同,R1选自
其中,R5独立选自氢、C1-C8烷基、三氟甲基或C3-6环烷基;
或者
方案4:
反应式4
如反应式4所示,化合物12在碱的存在下和取代的苯并咪唑发生亲核取代生成化合物13,化合物13经制备型手性HPLC分离到得到化合物14。其中R3,R4,R2i,R2j,n的定义与通式(I)的定义相同。
本发明还涉及药物,其包含至少一种式I化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例的混合物,和任选的赋形剂和/或稀释剂、载体。
本发明化合物适合在癌症治疗中作为用于哺乳动物,尤其是人类的药物活性成分。
本发明包括式I化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体和立体异构体用于制备治疗或预防癌症的药物的用途。
本发明包括式I化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体和立体异构体在用于制备治疗或预防癌症、年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、脉络膜新生血管形成(CNV)、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)、骨化性纤维发育不良、进展性炎症、血管生成相关疾病和细菌感染的药物中的用途的。
本发明还涵盖式I化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体和立体异构体用于制备用于治疗或预防哺乳动物中的ATR诱导的疾病或ATR诱导的病症的药物的用途,其中在该方法中对需要这种治疗的患病哺乳动物给予治疗有效量的根据本发明的化合物。治疗量根据具体疾病而变化,并且可以由本领域技术人员确定无需过度努力。
本发明特别涉及式I化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例的混合物,其用于抑制ATR。
本发明还提供了一种用于治疗或预防哺乳动物中的ATR诱导的疾病或ATR诱导的病症的方法,其包括下列步骤:将预防和/或治疗有效量的上述具有式I结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体和立体异构体或者上述药物组合物或者上述药物制剂施用于对其有需求的个体。
本发明式I化合物可用于治疗或预防的代表性癌症包括,但不限于,头部、颈部、眼睛、口腔、咽喉、食道、支气管、喉、咽、胸、骨、肺、结肠、直肠、胃、前列腺、膀胱、子宫、子宫颈、乳房、卵巢、睾丸或其他生殖器官、皮肤、甲状腺、血、液、淋巴结、肾、肝、膜腺、脑、中枢神经系统、实体瘤和血液传播肿瘤的癌症。进一步优选地,因本发明化合物具有优越的脑屏障渗透特性,血脑通透性的提高有利于化合物对癌症脑转移或原发性脑癌的治疗。
优选地,本发明涉及其中疾病是癌症的方法。
特别优选地,本发明涉及其中疾病是癌症的方法,其中与给药至少一种其他活性药物剂同时、顺序或交替给药。在本发明的一些实施方式中,本发明的方法也包括非治疗目的的方法。
实施例
下列实施例用于说明而非限定通式(I)化合物的合成方法。温度均为摄氏度。如果没有另外说明,所有的蒸发均在减压下进行。如果没有另外说明,否则试剂是自商业供货商购得且未经进一步纯化即使用。终产物、中间体和原料的结构通过标准分析方法确认,例如元素分析、光谱特征分析,例如MS、NMR。使用的缩写是本领域常规缩写,部分中间体购置盐城正驰生物科技有限公司。
实施例1:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-3-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲
步骤1:[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(a)的制备
将Boc-D-氨基丙醇(3.5g,20mmol,1.0eq)悬浮在干燥的四氢呋喃(50mL)中,并冷却至0℃,然后分批加入氢化钠(1.64g,41mmol,2.05eq)。15min后,加入(S)-3-硝基苯磺酸缩水甘油基酯(5.18g,20mmol,1.0eq)并在冷却下搅拌5小时,然后在室温搅拌16小时。反应混合物经过滤,滤液旋蒸至干,残留物通过快速色谱法纯化。产物分离为黄色油状物(3g,65%);ESI-MS m/z:232.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:(R)-1-((R)-2-氨基丙氧基)-3-氯丙-2-醇盐酸盐(b)的制备
将[(R)-1-甲基2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3g,13mmol,1.0eq)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(50mL)中,然后加入氯化氢(4M的二氧六环溶液)(19.5mL,78mmol,6.0eq),将反应混合物在室温搅拌过夜。旋蒸去除溶剂后,得到油状物(2.5g,94%);ESI-MS m/z:168.1,170.0[M+H]+
步骤3:(R)-1-氯-3-((R)-2-(((2,5,6-三氯嘧啶-4-基)氨基)丙氧基)-丙-2-醇(c)的制备
将(R)-1-((R)-2-氨基丙氧基)-3-氯丙-2-醇盐酸盐(2.5g,12.2mmol,1.0eq)溶于异丙醇(20mL)中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(6mL,36.6mmol,3.0eq),并将溶液搅拌5分钟。加入2,4,5,6-四氯嘧啶(2.66g,12.2mmo1,1.0eq),将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。反应结束后,混合物倒至2N HCl(15mL),并用二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并有机相,用硫酸纳干燥,过滤并减压蒸发,得到黄色油状物(3g,70%);ESI-MS m/z:350.3,348.2[M+H]+
步骤4:2,5,6-三氯-N-((R)-1-(((S)-环氧乙烷-2-基)甲氧基)丙烷-2-基)嘧啶-4-胺(d)的制备
将(R)-1-氯-3-((R)-2-(((2,5,6-三氯嘧啶-4-基)氨基)丙氧基)-丙-2-醇(3g,8.6mmo1,1.0eq)溶解在乙睛(30mL)中,然后加入碳酸铯(5.6g,17.2mmol,2.0eq)并在室温搅拌14小时。在过滤并用乙醇洗涤,滤液浓缩,残余物用快速色谱法纯化得到产物,为褐色油状物(1.8g,67%);ESI-MS m/z:312.2,314.2[M+H]+
步骤5:(5R,8aS)-1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(e)的制备
将2,5,6-三氯-N-((R)-1-(((S)-环氧乙烷-2-基)甲氧基)丙烷-2-基)嘧啶-4-胺(1.5g,4.8mmol,1.0eq)溶解在四氢呋喃(25mL)中,然后在0℃滴加2-甲基-丙-2-醇锂(1.0M-THF溶液)(9.6mL,9.6mmol,2.0eq)。0℃反应4小时后,升至室温并搅拌2天。反应混合物用浓盐酸酸化至pH=2,经饱和氧化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩得粗产物,用快速色谱法纯化得到米黄色固体(1g,76%)ESI-MS m/z:276.3[M+H]+
步骤6:(5R,8aS)-1-氯-3-(1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(f)的制备
向(5R,8aS)-1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(550mg,2mmol,1.0eq)在1,4-二氧六环(10mL)中的溶液中添加4-硼酸频哪醇酯-1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶(796mg,2mmol,1.0eq),双三苯基膦二氯化钯(70mg,0.1mmol,0.05eq)和碳酸钠(2M,2mL)。将反应混合物在氮气保护下在90℃下搅拌15小时。之后将反应溶液通过硅藻土过滤,将滤液用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,将其用硅胶柱纯化,得到白色固体(800mg,80%);ESI-MS m/z:512.1[M+H]+
步骤7:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-3-(1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(g)的制备
向(5R,8aS)-1-氯-3-(1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(512mg,1mmol,1.0eq)在1,4-二氧六环(10mL)中的溶液中添加1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-硼酸频哪醇酯(208mg,1mmol,1.0eq),双三苯基膦二氯化钯(35mg,0.05mmol,0.05eq)和碳酸钠(2M,1mL)。将反应混合物在氮气保护下在90℃下搅拌15小时。之后将反应溶液通过硅藻土过滤,将滤液用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,将其用硅胶柱纯化,得到白色固体(250mg,44.8%);ESI-MS m/z:558.3[M+H]+
步骤8:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-3-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲的制备
向(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-3-(1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(100mg,0.18mmol,1.0eq)在甲醇(2mL)中的溶液中添加氢氧化钠(2M,0.09mL)。将反应混合物在60℃下搅拌15小时。反应溶液为用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,经制备型HPLC纯化得化合物(20mg,27.8%)
ESI-MS m/z:404.3[M+H]+
lH NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.74(br s,1H),8.47(d,J=5.02Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=5.02Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=2.01Hz,1H),7.51-7.44(m,1H),6.71-6.65(m,2H),4.57(qd,J=6.8,2.9Hz,1H),4.52(dd,J=10.8,3.1Hz,1H),4.38(s,3H),3.95-3.89(m,2H),4.05-3.98(m,2H),3.78-3.73(m,1H),3.24(t,J=11.9Hz,1H),1.35(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
除了用相应反应化合物替换实施例1中1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-硼酸频哪醇酯和4-硼酸频哪醇酯-1-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,以和实施例1相同的方法合成以下化合物:
实施例7:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-3-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺
步骤1:(5R,8aS)-1-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-3-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺
将(5R,8aS)-1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(200mg,0.724mmol,1.0eq)溶于DMF(5mL),加入苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺(160mg,1.08mol,1.5eq),碳酸铯(352mg,1.08mol,1.5eq),将混合物加热至80℃搅拌5小时,反应溶液为用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,经柱纯化得化合物(150mg,53.7%)ESI-MS m/z:387.1[M+H]+
步骤2:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-3-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺
向(5R,8aS)-1-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-3-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺(150mg,0.388mmol,1.0eq)在1,4-二氧六环(10mL)中的溶液中添加1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-硼酸频哪醇酯(80.7mg,0.388mmol,1.0eq),双三苯基膦二氯化钯(13.6mg,0.02mmol,0.05eq)和碳酸钠(2M,1mL)。将反应混合物在氮气保护下在90℃下搅拌15小时。之后将反应溶液通过硅藻土过滤,将滤液用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,将其用硅胶柱纯化,得到白色固体(80mg,47.6%);ESI-MS m/z:433.2[M+H]+
lH NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(s,1H),7.52(d,J=2.00Hz,1H),7.52-7.12(m,4H),6.70-6.65(m,1H),4.57(qd,J=6.8,2.9Hz,1H),4.52(dd,J=10.8,3.1Hz,1H),4.38(s,3H),4.14-3.95(m,4H),3.84-3.72(m,1H),3.22(t,J=11.9Hz,1H),3.02(s,3H),1.33(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
实施例8:(5R,8aS)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑)-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-3-(5-氟-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺
合成方法参考实施例7,其中,5-氟-苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺代替苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺ESI-MS m/z:451.2[M+H]+
实施例9:(5R,8aS)-3-(lH-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)嘧啶-4-基)-[1-((R)-S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)]-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲
步骤1:[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(A)的制备
将Boc-D-氨基丙醇(3.5g,20mmol,1.0eq)悬浮在干燥的四氢呋喃(50mL)中,并冷却至0℃,然后分批加入氢化钠(1.64g,41mmol,2.05eq)。15min后,加入(S)-3-硝基苯磺酸缩水甘油基酯(5.18g,20mmol,1.0eq)并在冷却下搅拌5小时,然后在室温搅拌16小时。反应混合物经过滤,滤液旋蒸至干,残留物通过快速色谱法纯化。产物分离为黄色油状物(3g,65%);ESI-MS m/z:232.2[M+H]+。
步骤2:(R)-1-((R)-2-氨基丙氧基)-3-氯丙-2-醇盐酸盐(B)的制备
将[(R)-1-甲基2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3g,13mmol,1eq)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(50mL)中,然后加入氯化氢(4M-二氧六环溶液)(19.5mL,78mmol,6.0eq),将反应混合物在室温搅拌过夜。旋蒸去除溶剂后,得到油状物(2.5g,94%);ESI-MS m/z:168.1[M+H]+
步骤3:2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-2-((R)-3-氯-2-羟基-丙氧基)-1-甲基-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(C)的制备向(R)-1-((R)-2-氨基丙氧基)-3-氯丙-2-醇盐酸盐(2.5g,12.2mmol,1.0eq)在异丙醇(30mL)中的溶液中加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(4.72g,36.6mmol,3.0eq),并将溶液搅拌5分钟。加入2,5,6-三氯-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(2.94g,12.2mmol,1.0eq),将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。反应混合物用2N HCl(30mL)处理并用二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并的有机相用硫酸纳干燥,过滤并减压浓缩,得到黄色油状物(4g,88%);ESI-MSm/z:372.1,374.1[M+H]+
步骤4:2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(D)的制备
将2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-2-((R)-3-氯-2-羟基-丙氧基)-1-甲基-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(4g,10.7mmo1,1.0eq)溶解在乙腈(50mL)中,然后加入碳酸铯(7g,21.4mmol,2.0eq)并在室温搅拌14小时。过滤,滤饼用乙醇洗涤后,浓缩滤液,残余物用快速色谱法(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)纯化得到产物,为褐色油状物(3g,83%);ESI-MS m/z:336.1,338.1[M+H]+
步骤5:2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸锂(E)的制备
将2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(3g,8.9mmol,1.0eq)悬浮在四氢呋喃(50mL)中,然后加入氢氧化锂(256mg,10.7mmol,1.20eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌4小时。除去溶剂后,得到产物,为无色固体(2.8g,96%);ESI-MS m/z:322.1,324.1[M+H]+
步骤6:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-甲酸(F)的制备
2,5-二氯-6-[(R)-1-甲基-2-((S)-1-氧杂环丙烷基甲氧基)-乙基氨基]-嘧啶-4-甲酸锂(2.8g,8.53mmol,1.0eq)溶解在四氢呋喃(25mL)中,然后在0℃滴加2-甲基-丙-2-醇锂(1.0M-THF,17mL,17mmol,2.0eq)。0℃搅拌4小时,然后室温搅拌2天。反应混合物用浓盐酸酸化至pH=2,用饱和氧化纳洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,经柱纯化得到米黄色固体(2g,82%);ESI-MS m/z:286.1,288.1[M+H]+
步骤7:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-甲酸甲酯(G)的制备
(5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-甲酸(2g,7.0mmol,1.0eq)溶解在甲醇(25mL)中,然后加入硫酸(5.5g,56mmol,8.0eq)。将反应混合物在50℃搅拌14小时。将反应混合物部分减压浓缩,然后用乙酸乙酯稀释,用水洗涤两次。有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。残余物用快速色谱法(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)纯化得到产物,为灰白色固体(1.5g,71%);ESI-MS m/z:300.1,302.1[M+H]+
步骤8:((5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-基)-甲醇(H)的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-甲酸甲酯(1.5g,5.0mmol,1.0eq)溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)中,然后加入硼氢化锂(2.0M-THF,3.8mL,7.5mmol,1.5eq),将混合物室温搅拌1小时,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释并用饱和氧化钠洗涤。有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并减压浓缩得到产物,为灰白色固体(1.2g,89%);ESI-MS m/z:272.1,274.1[M+H]+
步骤9:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲磺酰基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(I)的制备
将((5R,8aS)-3-氯-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲-1-基)-甲醇(1.2g,4.4mmol,1.0eq)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入三乙胺(447mg,4.4mmol,1.0eq),降温至0℃,慢慢加入甲基磺酰氯(604mg,5.28mmol,1.2eq),然后室温搅拌2小时。反应液用水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,有机相经饱和氧化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到产物(1.4g,91%)其未经进一步纯化而用于下一步骤中。
步骤10:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-碘甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(J)的制备
向(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲磺酰基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(1.4g,4mmol,1.0eq)中添加碘化锂(1.07g,8mmol,2.0eq),并在氮气保护下加热至100℃,搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用水淬灭并用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机层合并,经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到粗产物,将残余物用乙醚打浆,获得产物(1.2g,80%);ESI-MSm/z:382.1,384.1[M+H]+
步骤11:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲硫基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(K)的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-碘甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(1.2g,3.1mmol,1.0eq)溶解于DMF(15mL)中,向其中添加甲硫醇钠(217mg,3.1mmol,1.0eq)并将反应物在室温下搅拌1小时。将反应混合物用水淬灭,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机层经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到粗产物,经柱纯化得产物(0.7g,74%);ESI-MS m/z:302.3,304.3[M+H]+
步骤12:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲亚磺酰基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(L)的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲硫基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(0.7g,2.3mmol,1.0eq)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,分批加入m-CPBA(480mg,2.8mmol,1.2eq),室温搅拌0.5小时。反应液用饱和碳酸钠淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,将有机层经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到粗产物,经柱纯化得产物(0.6g,81%);ESI-MS m/z:318.3,320.3[M+H]+
步骤13:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰基甲基磺酰亚氨基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(M)的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-甲磺酰基甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(0.6g,1.9mmol,1.0eq)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,加入2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(429mg,3.8mmol,2.0eq),氧化镁(304mg,7.6mmol,4.0eq),乙酸铑二聚体(17mg,0.038mmol,0.02eq),然后加入二乙酸碘苯(612mg,1.9mmol,1.0eq),室温搅拌过夜。反应液经拌样,柱纯化得产物(0.5g,62%);ESI-MS m/z:429.1,431.1[M+H]+
步骤14:(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-(S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(N)的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰基甲基磺酰亚氨基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(500mg,1.16mmol,1.0eq)溶于甲苯(10mL)中加入1,2-二氯乙烷(462mg,4.67mmol,4.0eq)和四丁基硫酸氢铵(39mg,0.116mmol,0.1eq)中添加氢氧化钠(1mL,50%w/w)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物用EtOAc(50mL)稀释,并依次用水和饱和盐水洗涤。将有机层经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到粗产物,经柱纯化得产物。(200mg,48%);ESI-MS m/z:359.2,361.2[M+H]+
步骤15:(5R,8aS)-3-(1-甲苯磺酰基-lH-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)嘧啶-4-基)-1-(甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(O)的制备
在氮气下,将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-(S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(200mg,0.558mmol,1.0eq)溶于DME:水=4:1(10mL)中、2M碳酸钠水溶液(0.35mL,0.7mmol,1.2eq)和4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-甲苯磺酰基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶(44mg,0.558mmol,1.0eq)中一次性添加双(三苯基磷)二氯化钯(I1)(19.5mg,0.0279mmol,0.05eq)。将反应混合物在90℃下搅拌6小时。浓缩反应混合物并用EtOAc(20mL)稀释,并依序用水和饱和盐水洗涤。将有机层经无水硫酸钠,减压浓缩得到粗产物,经柱纯化得产物(250mg,82%);ESI-MS m/z:595.3[M+H]+
步骤16:(5R,8aS)-3-(lH-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)嘧啶-4-基)-[1-((R)-S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)]-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲的制备
将(5R,8aS)-3-(1-(甲苯磺酰基-lH-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)嘧啶-4-基)-1-(S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(250mg,0.42mmol,1.0eq)溶于DME:水=4:1(10mL)中,加入2M氢氧化钠水溶液(0.42mL,0.84mmol,2.0eq),然后50℃下搅拌过夜,反应结束后,用稀盐酸中和,乙酸乙酯萃取,将有机层经无水硫酸钠,减压浓缩得到粗产物(P),并通过制备型手性色谱,在20μmChiralpak IA(50mm X 250mm)柱上纯化(用已烷:EtOH:TEA的50:50:0.1混合物作为洗脱剂进行等度洗脱)残余物。获得标题化合物实施例9:(5R,8aS)-3-(lH-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基)嘧啶-4-基)-[1-((R)-S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)]-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲;
ESI-MS m/z:441.1[M+H]+
lH NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.76(s,1H),8.34(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.95(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.67-7.51(m,1H),7.23(s,1H),7.01(s,1H),4.57(qd,J=6.8,2.9Hz,1H),4.52(dd,J=10.8,3.1Hz,1H),3.98-3.86(m,2H),4.07-3.95(m,2H),3.78-3.74(m,1H),3.22(t,J=11.9Hz,1H),2.85(s,3H),1.36(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.21(s,4H).
以和实施例9相同的方法合成以下化合物:
实施例15:(5R,8aS)-3-(3-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺)-[1-((R)-S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)]-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲
将(5R,8aS)-3-氯-1-(S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲(200mg,0.558mmol,1.0eq)溶于DMF(5mL),加入苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺(123mg,0.837mol,1.5eq),碳酸铯(273mg,0.837mol,1.5eq),将混合物加热至80℃搅拌5小时,反应溶液为用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤除干燥剂后,减压除去溶剂,得到粗产物,并通过制备型手性色谱,在20μmChiralpak IA(50mm X 250mm)柱上纯化(用已烷:EtOH:TEA的50:50:0.1混合物作为洗脱剂进行等度洗脱)残余物纯化得化合物(100mg,38.2%)。
ESI-MS m/z:470.2[M+H]+
lH NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.65(s,1H),7.25(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.08-6.97(m,2H),6.77(s,1H),4.56(qd,J=6.8,2.9Hz,1H),4.54(dd,J=10.8,3.1Hz,1H),4.03-3.85(m,2H),4.05-3.92(m,2H),3.81-3.72(m,1H),3.25(t,J=11.9Hz,1H),3.75(s,3H),2.85(s,3H),1.35(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.25(s,4H).
实施例16:(5R,8aS)-3-[3-(5-氟-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-甲胺]-[1-((R)-S-甲基磺酰亚氨基环丙基)]-甲基-5-甲基-5,6,8a,9-四氢-8H-7,10-二氧杂-2,4,4b-三氮杂菲
合成方法参考实施例15,其中,5-氟-苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺代替苯并咪唑-2-基-甲胺ESI-MS m/z:488.2[M+H]+
实施例17:ATR/ATRIP激酶测定测量ATR/ATRIP抑制
通过ATR/ATRIP酶测定来确定IC50值。该测定包含两个步骤:酶促反应和检测步骤。首先,将ATR/ATRIP蛋白(共济失调毛细血管扩张及Rad3相关蛋白/ATR相互作用蛋白)、不同浓度的待测化合物、作为底物蛋白的p53和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的混合物在测定缓冲液中温育。ATR在Ser15和其他残基处磷酸化p53。然后使用特异性抗体和TR-FRET测定技术检测磷酸化p53的量。
详细说明:ATR/ATRIP酶测定作为基于TR-FRET-(HTRFTM,Cisbio Bioassays)的384孔测定进行。在第一步中,将纯化的人重组ATR/ATRIP(人ATR,全长,GenBank ID:NM-001184.3和人ATRIP,全长,GenBank ID AF451323.1,在哺乳动物细胞系中共表达)在22℃下在含有不同浓度的测试化合物或不含测试化合物(作为阴性对照)的测定缓冲液中温育15分钟。测定缓冲液含有25mM HEPES pH 8.0,10mM Mg(CH3COO)2,1mM MnCl2,0.1%BSA,0.01%35和5mM二硫苏糖醇(DTT)。Echo 555(Labcyte)用于分配化合物溶液。然后,在第二步中,加入纯化的人重组cmyc标记的p53(人p53,全长,GenBank ID:BC003596,在Sf21昆虫细胞中表达)和ATP,并将反应混合物在22℃温育25-35分钟(通常25分钟)。药理学相关的测定体积为5μl。在反应混合物的温育期间,测定中的最终浓度为0.3-0.5nM(通常为0.3nM)ATR/ATRIP,50nM p53和0.5μM ATP。通过加入EDTA终止酶促反应。通过使用能够实现FRET的特异性抗体[标记有荧光团铺(Eu)作为供体和d2作为受体(CisbioBioassays)]检测由于在ATP存在下的ATR介导的反应丽产生的磷酸化p53。为此目的,将2μl含有抗体的终止溶液(12.5mM HEPES pH 8.0,125mM EDTA,30mM氧化纳,300mM氟化钾,0.006%Tween-20,0.005%35,0.21nM抗磷酸化-p53(Ser15)-Eu抗体,15nM抗cmyc-d2抗体)加入到反应混合物中。在信号发展2小时后,使用TRF模式和激光激发在EnVision(PerkinElmer)酶标仪中分析板。在340nm激发供体铕后,测量受体d2在665nm处以及在615nm处从供体Eu发射的荧光。磷酸化p53的量与在665nm和615nm下发射光的量的比率(即相对荧光单位(rfu)的比率)直接成正比。使用Genedata Screener软件处理数据。特别地,通过使用非线性回归分析将剂量-响应曲线拟合到数据点,以常规方式确定IC50值。
实验结果显示在表格1:
表1本发明的实施例以及参照化合物(商购AZD6738)活性测定的IC50(nM)数据
化合物 | ATR IC<sub>50</sub>(nM) |
实施例1 | 0.9 |
实施例2 | 1.0 |
实施例3 | 1.9 |
实施例4 | 5.2 |
实施例5 | 6.7 |
实施例6 | 1.5 |
实施例7 | 2.1 |
实施例8 | 7.9 |
实施例9 | 1.6 |
实施例10 | 1.1 |
实施例11 | 2.2 |
实施例12 | 5.1 |
实施例13 | 2.3 |
实施例14 | 1.7 |
实施例15 | 1.2 |
实施例16 | 8.7 |
AZD6738(对比例) | 1.2 |
实施例18:血脑屏障渗透测定
依据文献(Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2013,56(1):2-12)Kp,uu脑和Kp,uu CSF两者都是CNS药物发现过程中测量并优化的主要参数。在脑中和血液中未结合的药物的浓度之间的关系Kp,uu脑预测药物对由癌症向柔脑膜的转移扩散引起的脑柔脑膜转移(LM)中的转移性肿瘤的作用,转移性肿瘤引起中枢神经系统功能障碍。Kp,uu CSF表示与血液中的药物的分布相比的CSF中的药物分布,在柔脑膜转移治疗过程中它驱动药物反应。
在具有半透膜的HT渗析板上进行体外血液和脑结合测定。用5μM测试化合物(一式三份)将稀释的血液(用DPBS 1:1,pH为7.4)和脑匀浆(与DPBS 1:3,pH为7.4)加标并且在37℃下,在缓慢旋转的平板中在150μL的等体积的100mM PBS缓冲液(pH7.4)中透析4小时。在孵育结束时,取50μL来自接受侧的等分部分以及5μL来自供体室的等分部分。将5μL样品进一步用45μL的空白血液或脑匀浆稀释。成对样品与缓冲液或空白血液/脑匀浆进行基质匹配并且混合2min,并且然后用150μL具有作为内标的100ng/mL甲苯磺丁脲的冷乙腈进行沉淀。在4000rpm处离心20min之后,将上清液用0.1%甲酸水溶液进行稀释并且针对LC/MS/MS进行分析。通过缓冲液侧反应与脑匀浆/血液侧反应的比例计算脑匀浆和稀释的血液中的测试化合物的未结合部分(fu),并且用以下等式fu,bl(fu,br)=(1/D)/[(1/fu-1)+1/D)]根据测量的匀浆和稀释的血液中的fu计算未稀释的血液和组织中的测试化合物的未结合部分(fu,bl和fu,br)。D是稀释因子。
短期口服吸收(SOA)模型是用于鉴定一种化合物的脑渗透的体内筛选模型。用1%甲基纤维素中的2mg/kg的化合物向六只雄性wistar大鼠口服给药。在给药0.25小时、0.5小时、1小时、2小时、4小时以及7小时之后,从大池收集脑脊液(CSF),并且经由心脏穿刺将血液样品(>60μL/时间点/每个部位)收集到单独的EDTA凝固试管中,并且然后立即用3倍体积的水进行稀释。收获脑组织并且在3倍体积的磷酸盐缓冲盐水(pH为7.4)中均质化。在LC/MS/MS分析之前,将所有样品存储在约-70℃下。
通过加标空白血液、脑匀浆以及0.2ng/mL至500ng/mL的人工CSF制备标准品。通过添加3倍体积的含有内标(40ng/mL地塞米松和40ng/mL双氯芬酸)的冷乙腈来沉淀均质化的脑组织连同血液样品,并且用100μL含有内标的冷乙腈来沉淀10μL的CSF样品。在涡旋2min并且在14,000rpm离心5min之后,通过LC/MS/MS分析上清液。在每批来自血液样品分析的开始和结束处运行两组标准曲线。针对脑样品和CSF样品,连同测试样品一起制作标准曲线。
在口服给药之后,通过啮齿类中的AUC脑/AUC血液测量被表示为脑/血液比(Kp,脑)的总脑水平。通过体外血液和脑结合测定来确定生物基质中测试化合物的游离部分。通过以下等式计算Kp,uu脑和Kp,uu CSF∶Kp,uu脑=AUC脑/AUC血液×(fu,脑/fu.血液)并且Kp,uu CSF=AUCCSF/(AUC血液×fu.血液)。
在下表中显示了针对本发明的实施例测定的数据以及针对AZD6738获得的数据:
表2.本发明的实施例、AZD6738的脑屏障渗透性实验数据
由实施例1-16的化合物的激酶活性数据可知,对于通式(I)类的化合物而言,连接基团和取代基团,特别是平面结构的引入对于化合物的药效学性能、血脑屏障渗透性有着重要的影响。当与AZD6738相比时,本发明化合物的具有优越的脑屏障渗透特性,血脑通透性的提高有利于化合物对癌症脑转移或原发性脑癌的治疗。
实施例19:使用人体肝脏微粒体进行化合物稳定性的评价
将实施例化合物的肝微粒体酶稳定性与CN109071565A中的A26和A36进行比较。
测定系统:本发明化合物的代谢稳定性利用由男女混合的肝脏微粒体用1mMNADPH进行试验。样品使用质谱仪进行分析。将HRMS用于确定峰面积响应比率(对应于试验化合物或对照物的峰面积除以分析内标的峰面积)而不运行标准曲线。为了检测到所有的可能代谢物,在适当的m/z范围内进行HRMS扫描。
测定条件:该测定用一次孵育(N=1)进行。将试验化合物在37℃下在含有0.5毫克/毫升肝脏微粒体蛋白的缓冲液中孵育。通过加入辅因子引发反应,并于0、2、4、8、16、24、36、48小时取样,平行孵育阳性对照物(5μM睾丸素)并于0、2、4、8、16、24、36、48小时取样。
测定质量控制:平行进行对照化合物睾丸素以证实(肝脏)微粒体的酶活性。最终时间点后,利用荧光测定法来确认NADPH添加到反应混合物中。对照物的T1/2满足可接受的内标。
分析方法:
液相色谱柱:Thermo BDS Hypersil C18 30X2.0mm,3μm,具有保护柱M.P.,缓冲液:25mM甲酸接缓冲液,pH 3.5;
水相(A):90%水,10%缓冲液;
有机相(B):90%乙腈,10%缓冲液;
流速:300微升/分钟
自动进样器:注射体积10微升
梯度程序参见表3。
表3.梯度程序
时间(分钟) | %A | %B |
0.0 | 100 | 0 |
1.5 | 0 | 100 |
2.0 | 0 | 100 |
2.1 | 100 | 0 |
3.5 | 100 | 0 |
通过使用人体肝微粒体,如本发明中所述实施例1-8表现出大于20小时的代谢半衰期,实施例9-16表现出介于17-20小时的代谢半衰期,出乎意料地显著大于对比例A26(CN109071565A)的15小时的代谢半衰期以及对比例A36(CN109071565A)的13小时的代谢半衰期以及AZD6738的约12个小时的代谢半衰期。相对较长的代谢半衰期使得本发明具有降低医疗剂量和扩大给药时间间隔的潜能。
尽管本发明通过之前的特定实施例说明,但不应将其解释为受此限制;而是本发明涵盖之前公开的一般方面。可在不背离本发明的精神和范围下进行多种修饰并具有多种实施方案。
Claims (9)
6.一种药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及任选地药学上可接受的赋形剂剂、稀释剂或载体。
7.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗和/或预付癌症、年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、脉络膜新生血管形成(CNV)、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)、骨化性纤维发育不良、进展性炎症、血管生成相关疾病和细菌感染的药物中的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗和/或预防选自头部、颈部、眼睛、口腔、咽喉、食道、支气管、喉、咽、胸、骨、肺、结肠、直肠、胃、前列腺、膀胱、子宫、子宫颈、乳房、卵巢、睾丸或其他生殖器官、皮肤、甲状腺、血液、淋巴结、肾、肝、膜腺、脑、中枢神经系统、实体瘤和血液传播肿瘤的癌症的疾病。
9.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于预防或治疗对抑制ATR激酶敏感的肿瘤药物中的用途。
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CN105051047A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-11 | 卡洛斯三世国家癌症研究中心基金会 | 化学个体 |
CN109071565A (zh) * | 2016-05-24 | 2018-12-21 | 默克专利股份公司 | 三环杂环衍生物 |
CN111646985A (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏集萃分子工程研究院有限公司 | 一种含嘧啶杂环抗肿瘤药物分子azd6738的合成方法 |
CN113004303A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-22 | 江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司 | 嘧啶并噁嗪类三环衍生物、其制备方法及其在医药上的应用 |
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