CN115254953A - Cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115254953A CN115254953A CN202210918937.1A CN202210918937A CN115254953A CN 115254953 A CN115254953 A CN 115254953A CN 202210918937 A CN202210918937 A CN 202210918937A CN 115254953 A CN115254953 A CN 115254953A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/48—Tension control; Compression control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
- B21B45/0275—Cleaning devices
- B21B45/0278—Cleaning devices removing liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
- B21B45/0275—Cleaning devices
- B21B45/0287—Cleaning devices removing solid particles, e.g. dust, rust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/221—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by cold-rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2261/00—Product parameters
- B21B2261/20—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2265/00—Forming parameters
- B21B2265/02—Tension
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate, which comprises the following preparation processes: using a cast-rolled 3004 aluminum alloy coil as a blank, reserving a machining rate of 30-35% for cold rolling to an intermediate thickness, carrying out incomplete annealing and cold rolling embossing when the coil is cooled to 60-80 ℃, and controlling cold rolling parameters to enable metal in a deformation area to uniformly flow on a neutral surface during embossing so as to obtain good embossing quality; then the alloy is prepared by spraying and scrubbing with cleaning oil, absorbing with a vacuum liquid absorbing roller, washing with water, blowing, drying and finally incomplete annealing; the method overcomes the technical problems of distortion, deviation and incomplete patterns of the cast-rolled 3004 aluminum alloy blank during plastic differential embossing, and simultaneously prevents the phenomenon of coarse grains easily generated during recrystallization of Mn element segregation during rapid cooling of the cast-rolled 3004 aluminum alloy by adopting an incomplete annealing mode; finally, compared with the checkered plate produced by a hot rolling method, the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, and particularly relates to a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The blank sources of the aluminum alloy checkered plate on the current market mainly comprise two forms of blanks produced by a hot rolling method and blanks produced by a casting and rolling method.
The hot rolling method is generally prepared by smelting, casting ingot surface milling, ingot homogenizing, preheating and hot rolling; the casting and rolling method is also called continuous casting and rolling, and refers to a process for directly rolling liquid metal into a semi-finished product or a finished product. The essential difference with other continuous ingot casting methods is that the mould is two rotating casting rolls with cooling, and the liquid metal is subjected to both solidification and rolling between the roll gaps of the two rolls, and in a very short zone (50-70 mm) in a very short time of about 2-3 seconds. The liquid metal is formed into a blank or a material at one time, the production flow is shortened, the production process is simplified, a large amount of equipment investment and energy consumption are saved, the equipment cost is only 1/3 of that of the hot rolling blank, and the energy consumption is only 40 percent of that of the traditional hot rolling production method because secondary heating and rolling pass reduction are omitted. More importantly, the cycle period of the hot rolling method blank is longer, from smelting to surface milling, to homogenization heat treatment, and finally to the preparation of the hot rolling blank, which is generally at least over half a month; and the casting and rolling can be obtained only in 48 hours from smelting to the preparation of the casting and rolling blank. The cast rolling process has many advantages over the hot rolling process: because the casting and rolling process is to finish two processes of casting and rolling on one device, compared with a hot rolling method, a plurality of processes of ingot casting heating, cogging, hot rolling and the like are omitted, meanwhile, the waste remelting is reduced, and a large amount of electric energy is saved; the ingot casting surface milling is omitted, the head and tail cutting after hot rolling is reduced, and the yield is greatly improved; the equipment is simple and centralized, the investment is small, the occupied area is small, and the production cost is low; the production can be continuously and stably carried out, the production process is simplified, the production period is shortened, the number of production workers is reduced, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the automation is convenient to realize. That is, the cast-rolling method has a very significant cost advantage and a rapid supply advantage compared to the hot rolling method.
However, in the casting and rolling process, the cooling rate is 100-200 ℃/s, the cooling rate of the hot-rolled ingot is about 2-3 ℃/s, mn element in the cast and rolled strip is strongly supersaturated and solid-dissolved in aluminum under the rapid cooling condition, and the degree of segregation in the crystal and solid solution is larger than that of the semi-continuous casting hot-rolled ingot. Mn element dissolved in the solid solution strengthens the bonding force among atoms and reduces the free diffusion coefficient of atoms, so that the thermal activation energy required by the formation and growth of new crystal nuclei during annealing heating, namely the recrystallization temperature is improved, simultaneously, deformation tissues, casting tissues and recrystallization tissues in the cast-rolled strip blank coexist, the structure is complex, less deformation energy storage is obtained under the same cold deformation amount, the energy can not be fully released when the hot-rolled strip blank is subjected to isothermal heating, and the recrystallization temperature required after the cold deformation is higher than that of the hot-rolled blank; and then the dislocation density and point defect amount of the cast-rolling strip billet after cold deformation are not equal to those of the hot-rolling strip billet, the number of recrystallization nucleation during annealing is small, the recrystallization softening is insufficient, the difference between the plasticity of the two is large, and the plasticity of the cast-rolling method is poor.
3004 aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Mn series alloy, and is typical alloy in the series alloy, wherein (Mn) is 1.0% -1.5%, and (Mg) is 0.8% -1.3%; in GB/T3190-2008 chemical compositions of wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy, 3004 aluminum alloy has the advantages of Al-Mn alloy and Al-Mg alloy, and has medium strength, excellent corrosion resistance and excellent deep drawability. Belongs to the non-heat-treatable strengthened alloy, and the performance of a finished product can be controlled only through work hardening and annealing treatment. The 3004 aluminum alloy has wide application and is a typical antirust aluminum alloy. The strength of the alloy is higher than that of 3003 aluminum alloy, the forming performance is excellent, the corrosion resistance is good, and the alloy is often used for manufacturing parts with higher strength requirement than that of 3003 aluminum alloy. Most importantly, the 3004 aluminum alloy is recycled from a wide range of sources, and the alloy of the pop can is the 3004 alloy as the common pop can. In fact, in order to effectively digest the waste materials of the pop can 3004 in the market, the aluminum processing industry is in a continuous technical process, more aluminum processing enterprises in the market actively develop and apply the cast-rolling 3004 in order to reduce the cost, and the attempt of applying the cast-rolling 3004 to the direction of the aluminum alloy checkered plate is also introduced, but all the attempts are failed, because many manufacturers only see the advantages of rapidness and low cost of the cast-rolling mode, and do not fully recognize a plurality of technical difficulties faced by the cast-rolling 3004 applied to the development of the aluminum alloy checkered plate:
1. the Mn element content in the cast-rolled 3004 strip reaches 1.0-1.5%, and the solidification process has the following characteristics under the condition of rapid cooling according to an Al-Mn alloy equilibrium phase diagram: (1) the slope of the liquidus is small and the isothermal crystallization interval is wide. (2) The interval between the liquidus and solidus vertical crystallization is very small, only 0.5-1.0 ℃. (3) The solid solubility of manganese in aluminum varies greatly and decreases sharply with decreasing temperature. In addition, the casting and rolling production process has a violent cooling speed, the value of the cooling speed reaches 100-200 ℃/s, and the cooling speed is about 2 orders of magnitude faster than that of the conventional semi-continuous casting technology, so that the high Mn 3004 alloy cast-rolled plate has obvious intragranular segregation, namely the concentration of Mn elements in the intragranular and extragranular areas has obvious difference, when a finished product is annealed, a low manganese area can be nucleated firstly to generate secondary crystal grains, when the temperature is continuously increased to the high manganese area to be recrystallized, the crystal grains in the low manganese area are grown up early, and therefore, the sizes of the secondary crystal grains are different. The conventional method for solving the problem of coarse grains is to perform a sufficient homogenization heat treatment process in the initial stage of cold rolling, and the homogenization temperature is generally selected as follows: 0.9-0.95Tm, tm is the temperature at which the ingot begins to melt, and the homogenization temperature of 3004 ingot is generally 530 ℃ or higher. In fact, the high-temperature homogenization heat treatment is a heating and heat preservation process for 30-40 hours, and the energy consumption and the cost are high; however, if high-temperature homogenization heat treatment is not carried out, the orange peel is seriously bent due to coarse grains in the later annealing process; that is to say, the primary problem of the cast-rolling 3004 in the later stage of manufacturing the checkered plate is that the quality of the bending surface cannot be guaranteed.
2. The influence of poor plasticity of the cast-rolled plate on the embossing quality of the pattern plate, such as insufficient height of pattern ribs, skew and twisted patterns, position deviation, incomplete pattern ribs and the like, causes the difficulty in ensuring the pattern quality during embossing. Cold-rolling embossing plastic forming is carried out in the deformation zone, tension and rolling speed being the main parameters affecting the embossing quality. The tension can reduce the rolling force, the flattening plate belt is prevented from deviating, and meanwhile, the stress of metal in a deformation area is changed into a two-way compressive stress state and a one-way tensile stress state from a three-way compressive stress state, and the tensile stress not only limits the transverse expansion, but also promotes the longitudinal extension. The rolling theory considers that: the flow of metal in the deformation zone is uniform only at the neutral plane and the flow in the forward and aft slip zones is non-uniform. Due to the existence of the pre-rolling slip, the excessive pre-tension will increase the pre-slip value; excessive back tension increases the value of the back slip, both of which destroy the uniform deformation of the neutral plane, resulting in quality defects such as pattern skewing, positional deviation, and the like. The blank texture of the cast-rolled strip checkered plate is relatively loose, the degree of compression is large when the deformation region is under the action of high-direction pressure, and metal used for filling the checkered grooves in the height direction is relatively insufficient; recrystallization annealing the tissue structure of coarse grains, the embossing coordination is poor, the metal flowing speed is slow, and too high rolling speed leads to that metal cannot fully fill the pattern grooves and is thrown out of the roller, so that the pattern ribs are not full.
3. Aluminum powder and aluminum ash of the cast-rolled checkered plate are more serious than those of a hot-rolled plate, the surface quality can be seriously influenced due to the fact that residual aluminum powder on the surface can not be cleaned cleanly, and in addition, the surface of the checkered plate is difficult to purge cleanly after being cleaned due to the fact that convex patterns exist on the surface of the checkered plate, and therefore the cleaning quality of the project cannot be guaranteed through a conventional cleaning process of the hot-rolled checkered plate.
The production of checkered plates by cast rolling 3004 is always carried out, the checkered plates which can be aligned with the technical level of hot-rolled aluminum alloy checkered plates at home and abroad are ensured to be finally obtained, meanwhile, the upstream processing cost is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, a good way for recycling 3004 waste materials such as ring-pull cans and the like in the market is the direction explored by aluminum processing enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate and a preparation method thereof, which can greatly reduce the cost of the checkered plate produced by a hot rolling method under the condition of not carrying out high-temperature homogenization heat treatment, and can prepare the 3004 checkered plate with the quality same as that of the checkered plate produced by the hot rolling method through the optimization control of a series of embossing processes, annealing processes and cleaning processes.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si =0.15% -0.25%, fe =0.45% -0.55%, cu =0.14% -0.2%, mn =1.02% -1.15%, mg =0.95% -1.1%, cr is less than or equal to 0.05%, zn is less than or equal to 0.15%, ti =0.015% -0.025%, other inevitable single elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, the total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al.
A preparation method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with primary grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 7.5-8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness before embossing, and reserving the machining rate of 30-35%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 410-420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely, carrying out cold rolling and embossing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 on a four-roll cold rolling mill at the material temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain a finished product pattern plate coil with the thickness of 1.143-2.0mm, wherein in the cold rolling and embossing process, the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coil is 11-12N/mm < 2 >, the coiling unit tension is 12-15N/mm < 2 >, and the cold rolling and embossing speed is 60 +/-20 m/min; controlling the forward slip value of the rolling mill to be 5.0 +/-1.0%, and dynamically adjusting the coiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material according to the forward slip value;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3 at a speed of 60-180m/min, wherein in the cleaning process, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material is scrubbed at normal temperature in an oil spraying mode, then, a vacuum liquid absorbing roller is used for absorbing cleaning oil, then, deionized water at 70-80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally, purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 by using an H24 state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is raised to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
Further, in the step S3, when the forward slip value is less than 4.0% in the cold rolling and embossing process, the coiling tension is appropriately increased, so that the forward slip value is increased to 5.0%; when the forward slip value is greater than 6.0%, the take-up tension is appropriately reduced so that the forward slip value is reduced to 5.0%.
Further, in S3, the temperature of the rolling oil in the cold rolling and embossing process is 45-55 ℃.
Further, in the step S4, in the oil spray cleaning process, D40 solvent oil is used as cleaning oil; the grade of the aluminum powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material after the cleaning treatment in the step S4 is less than or equal to 2 grade; the method for testing the aluminum powder grade on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material comprises the following steps of after the aluminum alloy coiled material is cleaned, slightly wiping the aluminum alloy coiled material at a position which corresponds to 10cm of a cold-rolled edge part for 3 seconds by using white paper, wherein if the surface of the white paper is in a clean state, the aluminum powder grade on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material is 1 grade, and if the surface of the white paper is slightly black, the aluminum powder grade on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material is 2 grade.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. before the cold-rolling embossing process treatment, the H24 intermediate annealing treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy coiled material at the temperature of 410-420 ℃, so that the coarseness of the cast-rolled 3004 caused by recrystallization due to complete annealing can be effectively avoided, the high strength of early high work hardening is reduced, the plasticity during embossing is improved, the insufficient rib height is favorably avoided, the defect of pattern deformation is reduced, and the subsequent cold-rolling embossing is conveniently and smoothly carried out;
2. after the intermediate annealing, the temperature when cold rolling and embossing is carried out is 60-80 ℃, and on the one hand, the temperature on the machine is not too high to generate obvious sticking defects; on the other hand, the temperature is higher, the plasticity of the material is greatly improved compared with the room temperature, the smooth forming of patterns during cold rolling embossing is facilitated, and the rolling load of cold rolling embossing can be effectively reduced;
3. in the cold rolling embossing process, the uncoiling and coiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material is controlled, and the cold rolling embossing speed and the forward slip value are controlled, so that the metal in a deformation area flows on a neutral surface during cold rolling embossing, and the problems of pattern distortion and deviation generated when the metal in the deformation area does not flow on the neutral surface any more are effectively prevented;
4. in the process of cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material, the aluminum alloy coiled material is cleaned by adopting the processes of oil spraying normal-temperature brushing, vacuum liquid washing roller drying, deionized water washing at 70-80 ℃, blowing and drying, aluminum powder impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material can be effectively removed, so that the quality of the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material is improved, after the aluminum alloy coiled material is subjected to spray brushing, residual cleaning oil on the surface is sucked by using a vacuum liquid suction roller (performed at normal temperature), in the oil suction process, a large amount of aluminum powder is sucked away at the same time, the surface obtained by further purifying the surface is provided with an extremely thin clean protective oil film, and the residual cold rolling oil which is not dried by high-pressure air in cold rolling and embossing is sucked; because the patterns have certain height, the patterns cannot be thoroughly removed at the shadow part, but the residual oil stain is less at the moment, and the surface can be cleaned after later-stage water cleaning and blowing; thereby reducing or avoiding the macula caused by annealing;
5. in the finished product annealing process, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material is kept at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours, so that the residual cleaning oil on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material is removed, then the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material is controlled at 330 ℃ to improve the material performance of the aluminum alloy, so that the aluminum alloy coiled material subjected to finished product annealing treatment has the tensile strength of 220-235MPa, the yield strength of 170-185MPa, the bending of 90-1 t is good, the surface is smooth and fine after bending, and the material (cast rolling) is not recrystallized at the annealing temperature, so that the bending orange peel phenomenon caused by coarse grains is avoided;
in a word, the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate prepared by the method provided by the invention has good mechanical strength, excellent surface quality and bending effect, and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the 3004 checkered plate produced by a hot rolling method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si =0.15% -0.25%, fe =0.45% -0.55%, C =0.14% -0.2%, mn =1.02% -1.15%, mg =0.95% -1.1%, cr is less than or equal to 0.05%, zn is less than or equal to 0.15%, ti =0.015% -0.025%, other inevitable single elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, the total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al.
A preparation method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with primary grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 7.5-8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness before embossing, and reserving the machining rate of 30-35%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank treated in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 410-420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely cold rolling and embossing the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 to a finished product pattern plate coiled material with the thickness of 1.143-2.0mm, wherein the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material is 11-12N/mm in the cold rolling and embossing process 2 The coiling unit tension is 12-15N/mm 2 Cold rolling and embossing at a speed of 60 +/-20 m/min;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3, wherein in the cleaning process, firstly, oil spraying is adopted for scrubbing at normal temperature, then, a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for cleaning the oil thin rod, then, deionized water at 70-80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally, purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 to obtain an H24-state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4H at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is increased to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4H after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
In the invention, after the step S2 is completed, the aluminum alloy coiled material is withdrawn from the annealing furnace, and the step S3 is carried out after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material is reduced to 60-80 ℃; because the yield strength of the aluminum alloy coiled material subjected to intermediate annealing is reduced to 165-180MPa, the recrystallization of the matrix is not started at this time, and only part of work hardening is eliminated, therefore, the cold rolling and embossing are carried out on the machine when the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material is reduced to 60-80 ℃, and the rolling load of the cold rolling and embossing is effectively reduced.
In the invention, in the S3, in the cold rolling and embossing process, the forward slip value is controlled to be within 5.0 +/-1.0%, and the coiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material is dynamically adjusted according to the forward slip value; when the forward slip value is less than 4.0%, properly increasing the coiling tension to increase the forward slip value to 5.0%; when the forward slip value is larger than 6.0%, properly reducing the coiling tension to reduce the forward slip value to 5.0%; the deformation zone metal can uniformly flow on the neutral surface when cold rolling and embossing are ensured, and the uniform deformation of the neutral surface is prevented from being damaged, so that patterns are twisted and deviated.
In the invention, in S3, the temperature of the rolling oil in the cold rolling and embossing process is 45-55 ℃, and the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material is favorably lubricated by controlling the temperature of the rolling oil.
In the invention, in the step S4, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil in the oil spraying and cleaning process; the grade of the aluminum powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material after the cleaning treatment in the step S4 is less than or equal to 2 grade; the cleaning oil disclosed by the invention is D40 solvent oil, and on one hand, the cleaning oil has strong dissolving power and good wettability on oil stain and aluminum ash, can quickly dissolve rolling oil and aluminum ash remained on the surface of the checkered plate, and is convenient for a vacuum liquid suction roller to adsorb in the later period; on the other hand, the D40 dissolved oil belongs to an environment-friendly product, the volatilization is very quick, and the volatilization can be realized before the oil enters a water cleaning line, so that the pollution source entering a water tank is reduced, and the cyclic utilization of water cleaning is easy to improve.
Example 1
A preparation method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with primary grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness of 2.15mm before embossing, and reserving the machining rate of 34.2%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 410 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely reducing the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 to 60 ℃, then cold rolling and embossing to obtain a finished pattern plate coil with the thickness of 1.414mm, wherein the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coil is 11N/mm in the cold rolling and embossing process 2 The coiling unit tension is 12N/mm 2 Cold rolling and embossing speed is 40m/min, and rolling oil temperature is 45-55 ℃;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3, wherein in the cleaning process, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil to scrub in an oil spraying mode at normal temperature, then a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for sucking the cleaning oil, deionized water at 80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 to obtain an H24-state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4H at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is increased to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4H after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
Example 2
A method for preparing a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with the first-grade grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness of 2.86mm before embossing, and reserving a machining rate of 30%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely reducing the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 to 80 ℃, then cold rolling and embossing to obtain a finished pattern plate coil with the thickness of 2.0mm, wherein the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coil is 12N/mm in the cold rolling and embossing process 2 The coiling unit tension is 14N/mm 2 The cold rolling embossing speed is 80m/min, and the rolling oil temperature is 45-55 ℃;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3, wherein in the cleaning process, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil to scrub in an oil spraying mode at normal temperature, then a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for sucking the cleaning oil, deionized water at 80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 to obtain an H24-state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4H at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is increased to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4H after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
Example 3
A method for preparing a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with the first-grade grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness of 2.42mm before embossing, and reserving a machining rate of 34%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 415 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely reducing the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 to 70 ℃, then cold rolling and embossing to obtain a finished pattern plate coiled material with the thickness of 1.6mm, wherein the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material is 11.5N/mm in the cold rolling and embossing process 2 The coiling unit tension is 14N/mm 2 Cold rolling and embossing at 40m/min and rolling oil at 45-55 deg.c;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3, wherein in the cleaning process, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil to be brushed at normal temperature in an oil spraying mode, then a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for sucking the cleaning oil, deionized water at 70 ℃ is used for washing, and finally purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 by using an H24 state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is raised to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
Example 4
A preparation method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate selects a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with primary grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and 8.0mm thickness as an aluminum alloy blank to carry out the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness of 2.68mm before embossing, and reserving a machining rate of 33%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 415 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely reducing the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 to 75 ℃, then cold rolling and embossing to obtain a finished pattern plate coil with the thickness of 1.8mm, wherein the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coil is12N/mm 2 The coiling unit tension is 15N/mm 2 The cold rolling embossing speed is 80m/min, and the rolling oil temperature is 45-55 ℃;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3, wherein in the cleaning process, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil to scrub in an oil spraying mode at normal temperature, then a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for sucking the cleaning oil, deionized water at 80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 to obtain an H24-state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4H at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is increased to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4H after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate after the step S5 is completed.
Comparative example 1
The production method of the comparative example 1 is the same as that of the example 1, except that after the step S1 is completed, high-temperature homogenization heat treatment annealing is carried out, the temperature of the metal blank is 530-540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8 hours; compared with the embodiment 1, the scheme has the advantages of ensuring the smooth proceeding of the later cold rolling embossing and simultaneously ensuring the bending quality, but has the main disadvantage of higher cost in homogenization treatment.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is substantially the same as the production method of example 1 except that in the step S3, cold rolling and embossing are performed after the aluminum alloy coil is cooled to room temperature, and it is mainly slightly inferior in plasticity at the time of rolling and is large in rolling load as compared with example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is substantially the same as the production method of example 1 except that the cold-rolled aluminum alloy coil is directly subjected to the cold-rolling embossing process without performing step S2 before embossing, i.e., without performing intermediate annealing, which results in the cold-rolling embossing process being unable to be smoothly performed due to too poor plasticity of the material.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is substantially the same as the production method of example 1, except that the unit tension of unwinding, the unit tension of winding, and the forward slip value of the rolling mill are not within the ranges required by the specific embodiment during cold embossing, which results in poor embossing quality and low pattern yield.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is about the same as the production method of example 1, mainly differing in that the rolling oil temperature is 40 ℃ during cold-work embossing, which results in poorer lubrication quality of the rolling mill, higher rolling mill load during embossing and poorer mirror effect of the embossed checkered plate compared with example 1.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 is almost the same as the production method of example 1, and the main difference is that only water cleaning operation of the pattern plate by the common hot rolling method is carried out during cleaning, and finally, compared with example 1, the aluminum ash is more remained after cleaning, and the plate surface quality is poorer.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 is substantially the same as the production method of example 1, and the main difference is that when the finished product is annealed, the annealing temperature is higher than the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material by more than 350 ℃, the material is completely recrystallized, and finally, compared with example 1, bending is ensured to be not cracked, but at the moment, the orange peel after bending is obvious due to coarse grains, and the orange peel is unacceptable to customers.
By referring to examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-7, the technical parameters required by the patent ensure the economy and practicability of the casting-rolling method for producing the 3004 checkered plate.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate is characterized in that a cast-rolled aluminum alloy coiled material with the primary grain size, good surface quality and plate shape and the thickness of 7.5-8.0mm is selected as an aluminum alloy blank to be subjected to the following treatment processes:
s1, cold-rolling the selected aluminum alloy blank to the thickness before embossing, and reserving a machining rate of 30-35%;
s2, intermediate annealing, namely performing H24 state annealing on the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy blank is 410-420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4H;
s3, cold rolling and embossing, namely, cold rolling and embossing the aluminum alloy blank processed in the step S2 on a four-roll cold rolling mill at the material temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain a finished product pattern plate coil with the thickness of 1.143-2.0mm, wherein in the cold rolling and embossing process, the uncoiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coil is 11-12N/mm 2 The coiling unit tension is 12-15N/mm 2 The cold rolling embossing speed is 60 +/-20 m/min; controlling the forward slip value of the rolling mill to be 5.0 +/-1.0%, and dynamically adjusting the coiling unit tension of the aluminum alloy coiled material according to the forward slip value;
s4, cleaning, namely cleaning the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S3 at a speed of 60-180m/min, wherein in the cleaning process, brushing is firstly carried out at normal temperature in an oil spraying mode, then a vacuum liquid suction roller is used for sucking cleaning oil, then deionized water at 70-80 ℃ is used for washing, and finally purging and drying treatment are carried out;
s5, annealing a finished product, namely annealing the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 by using an H24 state finished product, wherein in the annealing process of the finished product, firstly, the aluminum alloy coiled material treated in the step S4 is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 180 ℃, then, the temperature in the annealing furnace is raised to 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours after the metal temperature of the aluminum alloy coiled material reaches 330 ℃;
and S6, after the step S5 is finished, obtaining the 3004 aluminum alloy checkered plate%.
2. The method for preparing the cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the S3, when the forward slip value is less than 4.0% in the cold rolling and embossing process, the coiling tension is properly increased so as to improve the forward slip value to 5.0%; when the forward slip value is greater than 6.0%, the take-up tension is appropriately reduced so that the forward slip value is reduced to 5.0%.
3. The method for preparing the cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S3, the temperature of the rolling oil in the cold rolling and embossing process is 45-55 ℃.
4. The method for preparing a cast-rolled 3004 checkered plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, D40 solvent oil is adopted as cleaning oil in the oil spraying and cleaning process; and (5) the grade of the aluminum powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy coiled material after the cleaning treatment in the step (S4) is less than or equal to 2.
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| JPH10130766A (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Direct cast and rolled sheet excellent in moldability and surface quality and small in secular change and its production |
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| CN109972001A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-05 | 郑州明泰实业有限公司 | A kind of capacitor case 1100-O state aluminium alloy strips and its production method |
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| JPH10130766A (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Direct cast and rolled sheet excellent in moldability and surface quality and small in secular change and its production |
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