CN1166465C - Warm machining method for making copper or cu alloy pipe - Google Patents

Warm machining method for making copper or cu alloy pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1166465C
CN1166465C CNB021380228A CN02138022A CN1166465C CN 1166465 C CN1166465 C CN 1166465C CN B021380228 A CNB021380228 A CN B021380228A CN 02138022 A CN02138022 A CN 02138022A CN 1166465 C CN1166465 C CN 1166465C
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pipe
rolling
temperature
copper alloy
processing
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CN1390677A (en
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肖克建
田福生
祁威
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Jiangsu Xing Rong Copper Industry Co ltd
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XINGRONG HI-TECH Co Ltd JIANGSU
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a warm machining method for making copper and copper alloy pipes, which belongs to the metal pipe rolling technique, and orderly comprises four steps: machine processing on the surface of a pipe blank, preheating the pipe blank to a temperature between the ambient temperature and the recrystallization temperature, rolling the pipe blank at a high deformation rate above the recrystallization temperature and quickly cooling the rolled pipe. The warm machining method overcomes the defects of multiple processes, low rate of finished products, high manufacturing cost, unstable quality of the finished products, etc. in the prior art, and has the elongation coefficient of 8 to 16 and the rolling speed of 10 to 20 m/min. Thereby, the present invention provides an advanced method for making the copper and the copper alloy pipes in a warm machining mode, which is different from hot-rolling process and cold-rolling process.

Description

The method of temperature processing and manufacturing copper and copper alloy tube
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal pipe material rolling technique.Be specifically related to the method for a kind of processing and manufacturing copper and copper alloy tube.
Background technology
The manufacture method of existing copper and copper alloy tube, main have three kinds of drilling/rolling method, extrusion and cold working casting and roll processes etc.And traditional preceding two kinds of methods exist all that operation is many, lumber recovery is low, the high deficiency of tubing manufacturing cost, are substituted by other technology gradually.And the third cold working casting and roll process is 88101739 as the disclosed application number of Chinese patent, and name is called " method of hard cooper and copper alloy tube ".This method is with continuously cast billet for pipe-making or extrusion tube blank, directly sends into the PSW planetary rolling and carries out cold rolling.It is the interior friction that utilizes reduction of pipe area and material deformation to be produced, and makes pipe under the temperature conditions that is warmed up to 250 ℃~700 ℃ (promptly on the crystallization onset temperatures again of this kind material), carries out the rolling a kind of more advanced method at present of tubing processing.This method has that operation is few, cost is low and the lumber recovery advantages of higher.But, because the technical scheme that this method is taked is cold rolling processing, enter the temperature of the pipe of milling train deformed area, be environment temperature substantially, and cause the starting stage of pipe after entering the deformed area, can produce a large amount of crackles at the surfaces externally and internally of pipe.Although most of can the rolling in the operation of rolling of crackle closed, but still some crackle is present in the section structure of goods tubing with folding mode.Simultaneously, because this method only depends on the self-deformation heating up, rolling temperature only reaches 250 ℃~700 ℃.Obviously it surpasses the degree of superheat deficiency of recrystallization temperature, when tube rolling terminates, at the length direction of tubing with between many tubing with a collection of rolled piece, the incomplete recrystallized structural difference of various degrees, this incomplete recrystallized, cause the local tensile strength of finished product tubing and percentage elongation all unstable.And because this cold rolling mode the dynamic recrystallization process is just begun to the middle part, deformed area, so that crystallization is incomplete, inadequate again, and is unfavorable for the fine and closely woven and pore of tubing section structure, the eliminating that is mingled with.And pipe is sent into the deformed area with environment temperature, can cause serious impact and influence its service life rolling mill bearing and gear, also can cause the rolling quality instability in summer in winter.Especially this cold rolling process, to the casting flaw of the inevitable existence of its pipe surface institute, do not make any purified treatment, this is in the pipe operation of rolling, casting flaws such as pipe existing slag inclusion in surface and pore can be rubbed up in the section structure of tubing inevitably.Take a broad view of the method for existing this cold working casting copper and copper alloy tube, the existing collapsible crackle of its manufactured goods tubing, incomplete recrystallized, the existence of pipe surface casting flaw, and have a strong impact on the deficiency of finished product pipe workpiece quality and follow-up deeply-processed manufactured goods quality, be conspicuous.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing process less, lumber recovery is higher, and manufacturing cost is lower, and the method for warm preferably processing and manufacturing copper of goods pipe workpiece quality and copper alloy tube is to overcome the deficiency of prior art.
Realize the technical though of purpose of the present invention, mainly based on processing of utilization temperature and thermomechanical treatment principle, formerly continuously cast billet for pipe-making being done surperficial machined removal of impurities handles, give pipe certain temperature then, and then pipe is imported the distortion rolling equipment, make pipe at pre-heating temperature, with the distortion heat that produces in the distortion operation of rolling, both stacks and being warming up under the temperature conditions on the recrystallization temperature, be rolled and be shaped with deformation speed, immediately under the samming condition, cool off fast and make finished product.And the said temperature processing of the present invention is the fundamental difference place with hot rolling processing and cold rolling processing.Specifically, of the present invention formerly to the preheating of the pipe handled through machining surface processing removal of impurities, only be to be heated to environment temperature between the recrystallization temperature.The present invention is this to the pre-warmed technical measures of pipe, compare with the hot rolling processing method, can effectively cut down the consumption of energy, reduce manufacturing cost, and compare with cold rolling processing method, can make the distortion rolling temperature of pipe again, rise on the recrystallization temperature, and have enough degrees of superheat, and improved the lengthening coefficient of pipe distortion, the process that has prolonged the dynamic recrystallization of pipe deformed region scope and copper or copper alloy, and make copper or copper alloy have enough conditions, realize perfect recrystallization, thereby reach the original intention of the present invention that improves rolling efficiency and manufactured goods pipe workpiece quality.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of its purpose is, the method for a kind of temperature processing and manufacturing copper and copper alloy tube is carried out according to following steps successively: the processing of pipe machining surface; The pipe preheating; Pipe is rolling; Rolled parts cooling, and pipe preheating and the rolling step of pipe are carried out in protective atmosphere, and its inventive point is, at the pipe preheating step, is to preheat 75 ℃~250 ℃ through the mach pipe of first step; In the rolling step of pipe, be with the pre-warmed pipe of second step, import the distortion rolling equipment, and pipe is in its pre-heating temperature and its deformation heat that produces in the deformation speed operation of rolling, both are superimposed and are warming up to roll forming under 700 ℃~850 ℃ the rolling temperature condition; At the rolled parts cooling step, be that and then third step under the samming condition, is quickly cooled to environment temperature with 130 ℃/second~160 ℃ of/second rate of temperature fall with the rolled parts of roll forming.
The present invention is according to copper and the different recrystallization temperature of each Albatra metal-, and above steps can have multiple concrete technical measures.But the present invention through repeatedly the experiment and preferably the concrete technical measures of each step be:
In pipe machining surface procedure of processing, what take is car or the machining process that mills or grind, and its machined cutting depth, is controlled in the scope that can remove pipe surface casting flaw.By the processing of pipe machining surface, make the pipe surface be non-oxidation light attitude.And for horizontal casting copper and copper alloy pipe, cutting depth generally is controlled in 0.3mm~0.5mm scope and gets final product.And be higher than Vehicle Processing owing to mill the processing work efficiency, so the present invention's recommendation is to mill processing.Formed copper or copper alloy scrap after milling the processing cutting can be collected the back reuse immediately.
At the pipe preheating step, be under the protective atmosphere condition, will preheat to 75 ℃~250 ℃ through the mach pipe in first step surface.Owing to the recrystallization temperature of copper alloy especially brass (cu-zn) or copper-nickel alloy (cu-Ni) is higher, plasticity is low under the normal temperature, especially before the conduction of pipe distortion heat does not form as yet, set up relatively difficulty of stable rolling state, and the present invention preheats step at pipe, specially in focal length (about 300mm) scope to the pipe head, be heated to 300 ℃~500 ℃.And its later pre-heating temperature remains 75 ℃~250 ℃.That is to say that the preheating of copper alloy pipe is 300 ℃~500 ℃ at the pre-heating temperature of pipe head.The present invention takes preheats technical measures, and be online fuel gas flame heat, or block electric resistance heated, or the electric tube furnace heating.
In the rolling step of pipe, be under the protective atmosphere condition, second step is preheated to 75 ℃~250 ℃ pipe, and then import the distortion rolling equipment.In fact the present invention is on the continuous production line of a time, carries out 4 steps of the present invention successively.Thereby correctly say, be to preheat pipe, and then import the rolling district of distortion.And pipe is the deformation heat that produces in the deformation speed operation of rolling at its pre-heating temperature and its, and both are superimposed and are warming up to roll forming under 700 ℃~850 ℃ the rolling temperature condition.Because pipe is more than the recrystallization temperature of copper or copper alloy, and deformation takes place under certain degree of superheat state, undoubtedly because the plasticity of pipe is big, lengthening coefficient is increased, the deformed area is longer, it is more complete, more abundant that everything all helps the process of dynamic recrystallization of copper or copper alloy, to obtain aplitic texture more uniformly.And under the roll off repeatedly of a plurality of rolls of multiple roll planetary rolling, and guaranteed that effectively the present invention produces the success of high-quality manufactured goods tubing.
At the rolled parts cooling step, be that and then third step is quickly cooled to environment temperature with 130 ℃/second~160 ℃ of/second rate of temperature fall with the rolled parts of roll forming under the samming condition.So-called samming also can be referred to as constant temperature.And the essence intension of samming is, after finishing the distortion rolling shedule, and the periphery of the rolled parts in the rolling district of distortion is left in operation, adopt the electric induction coil that rolled parts is heated again, make its temperature on the basis of 700 ℃~850 ℃ of distortion rolling temperatures, raise 30 ℃~80 ℃ again, and allow this temperature equalization ground keep certain hour, and make the rolled parts bulk temperature keep uniformity.That is to say that the quick samming temperature of cooling under the said samming condition is more than the pipe rolling temperature 30 ℃~80 ℃.Then, allow the tube rolling spare importing water-bath of samming be quickly cooled to environment temperature again with 130 ℃/second~160 ℃ of/second rate of temperature fall.And the quick cooling purpose of water-bath of the present invention is to make the rolling speed of tube rolling spare with 10m/min~20m/min, realizes by the emulsion bath that is about 1~1.5m.Cooling essence is a kind of thermomechanical treatment fast, its purpose mainly is the crystal grain of further refinement copper or copper alloy, make manufactured goods tubing of the present invention, in follow-up deep-processing process and even under the working condition of subsequent product, be in the excellent mechanical property state for a long time.
As described in formerly, the temperature that pipe distortion is rolling is the principal element of decision pipe lengthening coefficient, particularly processes rolling copper-alloy pipe-material, is multicomponent alloy, its constituent content widely different.In view of above-mentioned consideration, the present invention pays attention to being out of shape selecting for use of rolling equipment especially.Its distortion rolling equipment should satisfy adjustable pipe deformation temperature at least, has the protective atmosphere device, to pipe requirements such as roll off and roll off area be bigger repeatedly.The present invention preferably is out of shape rolling equipment, is 2~6 roller planetary rolling machines that can satisfy above said requirement.That is to say that said distortion rolling equipment is adjustable pipe deformation temperature and 2~6 roller planetary rolling machines that have the protective atmosphere device.
The present invention for the pipe rolling temperature preheat, rolling and cool off online adjusting and control on three step continuous processing lines, realize by following three kinds of technical measures:
First kind is the control technique measure that is applied on the concerned process steps.It is under the condition of fixed deformation district coolant rate, sends power, pipe preheat temperature and pipe lengthening coefficient to and realizes the pipe rolling temperature by adjusting pipe.
And second kind be the control technique measure that is applied in the relevant speed of rolling equipment.It is the height of the rate of deformation that realizes by the rotating speed of adjusting said planetary rolling machine rotary disk and rolling speed, and regulation and control pipe rolling temperature.The present invention preferably adjusts the range of speeds of planetary rolling machine rotary disk, be controlled within the 280rpm to 500rpm, and the scope of adjustment rolling speed is controlled within the 10m/min to 20m/min.That is to say, said deformation speed, be by planetary rolling machine rotary disk rotating speed in 280~500rpm scope, and the adjustment of rolling speed in 10~20m/min scope regulate and control; By the regulation and control of deformation speed, and regulation and control pipe rolling temperature.
And the third is the control technique measure that is applied on the dependency structure of rolling equipment.It is to send angle to by the roll of adjusting said planetary rolling machine, and regulation and control pipe rolling temperature.The present invention preferably adjusts the scope that said roll is sent angle to, is controlled between 6 °~8 °.That is to say that said pipe rolling temperature is to send the adjustment of angle in 6 °~8 ° scopes to by planetary rolling machine roll to regulate and control.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be described further by the following specific embodiment, so as to the present invention realize the technical scheme of its purpose and characteristics solve more clear.
One of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, that rolling is phosphorized copper (TP 2) pipe.Rolling is to carry out on the XR-SG90 three-roller planetary pipe mill after the improvement.Pipe is a horizontal casting, and original dimension is φ 86 * 23mm, and pipe carries out surface treatment via the process equipment that mills of 3 milling heads before rolling, and its cutting depth is 0.3mm, makes the pipe surface be non-oxidation light attitude, online then preheating.The heating of employing acetylene torch makes pipe be preheated to 120 ℃, carries out the rolling processing by the XR-SG90 three-roller planetary rolling mill after improving then.Pipe is warming up to 720 ℃ very soon after preheat temperature and the hot temperature stack of deformation.Pipe mill is that 12m/min carries out work with the rolling speed, and constantly with its rolling pipe fitting send to forward.Periphery at the pipe fitting that is transported out in adjacent rolling district is equipped with electric induction heater, makes rolled parts continue to be warming up to 750 ℃, and 750 ℃ temperature rise is continued to keep for 5~10 times in second, even enter long 1 with the rolled pipe part mThe emulsion bath in, rolling pipe fitting approximately in the time in 5 seconds by water-bath, and be quickly cooled to environment temperature.Pre-bending rolling then makes progress.Copper pipe specification after rolling is φ 47 * 2.2mm.Lengthening coefficient is 14.7, and steel tube surface does not have any folding pattern and other defective exists, and rolls back body metallographic structure and is very thin equi-axed crystal state (perfect recrystallization attitude), and its tensile strength and percentage elongation are respectively 240MPa~250Mpa and 45%~55%.The reflection of eddy current inspection assay, every km only is 0~2 defect point.Rolling back tubing product amount of fine quality.Rolling is successful.
Two of the specific embodiment of the present invention.Warm-rolling horizontal casting H68 brass tube.Rolling is to carry out on the XR-SG90 three-roller planetary pipe mill after the improvement.The pipe original dimension is φ 83 * 22mm.Through milling processing processing is cut on the pipe surface, cutting depth is 0.5mm, makes the pipe surface be the non-oxidation bright state; Adopt the electric tube furnace heat radiation to preheat then, make the pipe head be warming up to 400 ℃, enter the XR-SG90 three-roller planetary pipe mill after the improvement then, earlier tube head is set up the stable rolling state, wait for after the tube head roll forming, the pipe preheat temperature is dropped to 150 ℃, and later pipe enters rolling shedule.Thereafter rolling shedule is as one of specific embodiment.And its rolling temperature is 800 ℃, and rolling speed is 18m/min, and the samming temperature before the pipe fitting cooling is 830 ℃, and the length of the emulsion bath of cooling is 1.5m fast.The specification of the brass tube after rolling is φ 47 * 2.2mm, and its lengthening coefficient is 13.6.Copper pipe surface does not have any folding pattern and other defective.Its tensile strength and percentage elongation are respectively 290MPa~380MPa and 25%~40%, and Electronic Speculum shows that the metallographic structure of rolling the back body is very fine and close.Rolling is successful.This copper pipe is in follow-up stretching, and disconnected pipe phenomenon takes place the defective of almost not having because of body itself.
In sum, the on-line continuous flow chart that the present invention had is few, automaticity height, and lumber recovery height, and the tubing low cost of manufacture, characteristics such as tubing quality better are conspicuous.Compared with the prior art, the present invention has tangible substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement.

Claims (8)

1, the method for a kind of temperature processing and manufacturing copper and copper alloy tube is carried out according to following steps: the processing of pipe machining surface successively; The pipe preheating; Pipe is rolling; Rolled parts cooling, and pipe preheating and the rolling step of pipe are carried out in protective atmosphere, it is characterized in that,
A, at the pipe preheating step, be to preheat 75 ℃~250 ℃ through the mach pipe of first step;
B, in the rolling step of pipe, be with the pre-warmed pipe of second step, import the distortion rolling equipment, and pipe is the deformation heat that produces in the deformation speed operation of rolling at its pre-heating temperature and its, and both are superimposed and are warming up to roll forming under 700 ℃~850 ℃ the rolling temperature condition;
C, at the rolled parts cooling step, be that and then third step under the samming condition, is quickly cooled to environment temperature with 130 ℃/second~160 ℃ of/second rate of temperature fall with the rolled parts of roll forming.
2, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube is characterized in that, the preheating of copper alloy pipe is 300 ℃~500 ℃ at the pre-heating temperature of pipe head.
3, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube is characterized in that, the quick samming temperature of cooling under the said samming condition is more than the pipe rolling temperature 30 ℃~80 ℃.
4, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube is characterized in that, said distortion rolling equipment is adjustable pipe deformation temperature and 2~6 roller planetary rolling machines that have the protective atmosphere device.
5, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube, it is characterized in that, said pipe rolling temperature is under the situation of fixed deformation district coolant rate, sends by adjusting pipe that power, pipe preheat temperature and pipe lengthening coefficient regulate and control to.
6, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube, it is characterized in that, said deformation speed, be by planetary rolling machine rotary disk rotating speed in 280~500rpm scope, and the adjustment of rolling speed in 10~20m/min scope regulate and control; By the regulation and control of deformation speed, and regulation and control pipe rolling temperature.
7, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube is characterized in that, said pipe rolling temperature is to send the adjustment of angle in 6 °~8 ° scopes to by planetary rolling machine roll to regulate and control.
8, the method for temperature processing and manufacturing copper according to claim 1 and copper alloy tube is characterized in that, the processing of said bad machining surface of pipe is to mill processing, and its milling is cut the degree of depth and is controlled in the scope that can remove the pipe blemish.
CNB021380228A 2002-07-24 2002-07-24 Warm machining method for making copper or cu alloy pipe Expired - Lifetime CN1166465C (en)

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100372621C (en) * 2006-04-24 2008-03-05 江苏兴荣高新科技股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing copper aluminium composite tubing and copper aluminium tubing produced thereby
CN101850364B (en) * 2009-10-19 2011-09-07 宁波金田铜管有限公司 Three-roller planetary rolling method for rolling brass tube
CN101912880B (en) * 2010-07-06 2012-12-12 浙江海亮股份有限公司 Novel planetary tube rolling mill
CN102728650A (en) * 2012-06-20 2012-10-17 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 Processing method of metal pipe material
CN104526261A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-04-22 胜利油田高原石油装备有限责任公司 Cold-rolling technology for manufacturing admiralty brass C44300 oil-well pump cylinder blank pipe

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