CN115253590B - Deodorant preparation process for tower type composting equipment and application method - Google Patents

Deodorant preparation process for tower type composting equipment and application method Download PDF

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CN115253590B
CN115253590B CN202210859726.5A CN202210859726A CN115253590B CN 115253590 B CN115253590 B CN 115253590B CN 202210859726 A CN202210859726 A CN 202210859726A CN 115253590 B CN115253590 B CN 115253590B
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deodorant
activated carbon
composting
tower
parts
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CN115253590A (en
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关文义
廉梦云
武艳
王燕
何俊生
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Anhui Guozhen Environmental Sanitation Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Guozhen Environmental Sanitation Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/406—Ammonia
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of organic waste composting, and discloses a preparation process and an application method of a deodorant for tower composting equipment, wherein the preparation process and the application method are used for preparing the deodorant capable of effectively absorbing ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, amines and other components, and combining the differences of odor concentration and emission frequency of a natural ventilation air outlet and a forced ventilation air outlet of the equipment to form different deodorant combinations, so that the release of peculiar smell generated during composting and the release of a large amount of odor during turning are reduced, the surrounding environment is not influenced, and the application range of the equipment is enlarged.

Description

Deodorant preparation process for tower type composting equipment and application method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of organic waste composting, in particular to a deodorant preparation process for tower composting equipment and an application method.
Background
Organic wastes contain organic matters such as proteins and saccharides, are extremely easy to decay and deteriorate, and are easy to induce a plurality of serious environmental problems without proper treatment. At present, various modes for treating organic wastes are available, and composting treatment technology is widely applied. The composting treatment technology comprises container composting and open composting, and container composting equipment is mainly divided into horizontal type composting equipment and tower type composting equipment, wherein the tower type composting equipment has larger application market due to the advantages of small occupied area, low energy consumption, easy control of composting process and the like.
The tower type composting device is generally higher than 5m, the odor generated by composting is discharged from an air outlet above, and how to reduce the odor emission concentration is an important point. The activated carbon has developed pore structure, huge specific surface area, stable physicochemical property, good adsorption capacity, economy, applicability and easy obtainment, but the activated carbon is easy to saturate, and the activated carbon needs to be modified, so that the purification effect and speed are improved, the adsorption capacity is increased, and the service time is prolonged. The active carbon deodorizing device commonly used in the market at present has large volume and high cost, is suitable for a large horizontal composting system, has low odor concentration generated by tower composting equipment, is not suitable for the active carbon deodorizing device commonly used in the market, and therefore, needs to find an odor emission reduction process suitable for the characteristics of the tower equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation process and an application method of a deodorant for tower composting equipment, and aims to find a process which can be suitable for odor emission reduction of the tower composting equipment, prepare the deodorant capable of effectively absorbing components such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and amines, and the like, combine the differences of odor concentration and emission frequency of a natural ventilation air outlet and a forced ventilation air outlet of the equipment to form different deodorant combinations, reduce the release of odor generated during composting and the release of a large amount of odor during turning over, ensure that the deodorant has no influence on the surrounding environment, and enlarge the application range of the equipment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation process of the deodorant for the tower type composting equipment comprises a natural ventilation air outlet and a forced ventilation air outlet, wherein the deodorant comprises a deodorant A and a deodorant B; stirring the plant-based activated carbon in a weak acid solution with a certain concentration for multiple times, soaking for a period of time, taking out and drying to obtain acid leaching activated carbon, and fully and uniformly mixing the acid leaching activated carbon with straw, wood dust and diatomite to obtain a deodorant A; the deodorant A comprises 80-95 parts of acid leaching activated carbon, 15-25 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of wood dust and 10-15 parts of diatomite by mass;
soaking and stirring plant-based activated carbon in a weak base solution with a certain concentration for multiple times, taking out and drying after a period of treatment to obtain alkaline-soaked activated carbon, and fully and uniformly mixing the alkaline-soaked activated carbon with straw, wood dust, mineral clay and calcium oxide to obtain a deodorant B; the mass ratio of the deodorant B is 55-68 parts of alkaline leaching active carbon, 10-14 parts of straw, 10-14 parts of wood dust, 8-12 parts of mineral clay and 5-9 parts of calcium oxide;
placing a deodorant A and a deodorant B at a natural ventilation air outlet in a ratio of 2:1-3:1, wherein the deodorant A is placed below the deodorant B; the ratio of the deodorant A to the deodorant B is 1:1-2:1, and the deodorant A is arranged above the deodorant B.
The straw comprises one or more of corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw, preferably corn straw, and the grain size of the straw is 1-3cm.
Specifically, the plant-based activated carbon comprises any one or more of coconut husk activated carbon, corn cob activated carbon and hazelnut shell activated carbon.
Specifically, the plant-based activated carbon is soaked in weak acid with the concentration of 0.05mol/L-1.0mol/L for 3 hours to 12 hours, the soaking temperature is 20 ℃ to 50 ℃, and the volume ratio of the plant-based activated carbon to the weak acid is 1:1-2:1; the weak acid is one or more of citric acid, malic acid and phosphoric acid; wherein, the weak acid is preferably citric acid, the concentration is preferably 0.05mol/L-0.5mol/L, the soaking time is preferably 5 hours-8 hours, the soaking temperature is preferably 25-35 ℃, and the volume ratio of the plant-based active carbon to the weak acid is preferably 1:1.
Soaking the plant-based activated carbon in 0.05-1.0 mol/L weak base for 3-12 hours at 20-50 ℃ with the volume ratio of the plant-based activated carbon to the weak base being 1:1-2:1; the weak base is any one or more of ammonia water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; wherein, the weak base is sodium bicarbonate, the concentration is 0.1mol/L-0.5mol/L, the soaking time is 5-8 hours, the soaking temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the volume ratio of the activated carbon to the weak base is 1:1.
The application method of the deodorant for the tower type composting equipment comprises the following steps that the tower type composting equipment comprises a plurality of storage bins which are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction, and materials in an upper storage bin can enter a lower storage bin under the action of gravity:
the prepared deodorant A and the deodorant B are combined into deodorant according to the proportion and the position, and then the deodorant is respectively placed in a natural ventilation air outlet and a forced ventilation air outlet;
uniformly mixing kitchen waste and auxiliary materials to form a material, adjusting the water content of the material to be 50-65% and the C/N ratio to be 25:1-35:1, putting the material into the uppermost bin of tower type compost, and starting composting;
the composting time of each bin is 1-3 days, after the composting time of the upper bin is finished, the material is discharged to the lower bin, and forced ventilation is started for 10-20 min before discharging, and the ventilation quantity of the forced ventilation is 1m 3 /min-1.5m 3 And/min, repeating the steps in the way, and realizing continuous composting.
After composting, the materials directly enter a discharging trolley at the bottom of the composting equipment, and the discharging trolley is used for conveying the materials to a secondary composting place for aging treatment.
Specifically, the auxiliary materials generally refer to agricultural wastes, including any one or more of corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw.
Specifically, a rotatable turning plate is arranged between the bins of the tower type composting equipment, the turning plate is positioned in a horizontal state to support materials, and the materials are discharged from the upper bin to the lower bin when the turning plate rotates to a non-horizontal state.
Specifically, when the temperature in any bin of the tower composting device exceeds 70 ℃, forced ventilation is started.
Specifically, the replacement frequency of the deodorant placed at the natural ventilation air outlet is 70-90 days, and the replacement frequency of the deodorant placed at the forced ventilation air outlet is 60-75 days; the replaced deodorant is recycled in situ.
The composted materials tend to be stable, have no malodor, have reduced water content, and can realize stable storage.
The number of the storage bins in the tower type composting device is generally three or four, and the composting time is accumulated for 3 to 12 days.
In the invention, the deodorant A and the deodorant B which are different in combination are arranged at two air outlets, and mainly consider the aspects of the use of the air outlets, the odor type and the odor concentration.
The whole tower type composting device is of a sealing structure, the height of the bin body is higher than 7 meters, materials are subjected to aerobic composting in the tower type composting device to generate heat, the upper layer and the lower layer are caused to have temperature difference, the pressure difference caused by the temperature difference and the height difference of the device form a chimney effect, and waste gas is discharged through a natural ventilation air outlet. Therefore, the odor exhausted from the natural ventilation air outlet is mainly aerobicFermentation produced NH 3 And a small amount of H 2 S, the odor concentration is low, the duration is long, and the deodorant is arranged to reduce NH 3 Mainly the concentration of (2), the activated carbon after weak acid treatment can continuously absorb low concentration NH 3 So the deodorant at the natural ventilation air outlet is mainly deodorant A and is assisted by deodorant B when combined, and the deodorant A is arranged below the deodorant B to ensure that NH is fully adsorbed 3 。
The forced ventilation is started when the internal temperature of the tower type composting device exceeds 70 ℃, and is started before the upper layer bin is fed to the lower layer bin, so that the forced ventilation air quantity is large, and the H accumulated by partial anaerobic fermentation in the material can be realized after the internal temperature of the tower type composting device is implemented 2 S, amines, NH 3 The odor is released instantaneously, the odor is big, the odor concentration is high, so the activated carbon treated by weak base is placed at the air outlet of forced ventilation, and the H is enhanced 2 The adsorption capacity of odor molecules such as S and the like is comprehensively considered, and the deodorant A is placed above the deodorant B, so that the odor emission concentration is greatly reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) The invention can reduce the release of malodorous gas during composting, and reduce NH during composting by arranging different deodorant in different air outlets 3 And H 2 S is released, a large amount of high-concentration malodorous gas generated during material turning is forced to be ventilated before the upper-layer bin is discharged to the lower-layer bin, so that the concentration of the malodorous gas is reduced, and gas overflow caused by excessive instantaneous gas concentration and untimely absorption of a deodorant during material discharging is avoided.
(2) Compared with the horizontal composting equipment in the prior art, the odor of the tower composting equipment mainly depends on the pressure difference formed by the height difference, so that the odor is released from an air outlet at high altitude without a special air extractor, and the air outlet is provided with an emission reduction device to realize the effect of purifying the gas;
(3) The deodorant disclosed by the invention is simple in components, wide in sources, high in cost performance, good in application effect, convenient to install and simple to replace, and the waste deodorant can be recycled in situ, so that the risk of secondary pollution is avoided.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Example 1
Soaking 40-60 mesh plant-based activated carbon in 0.05mol/L citric acid for 8 hours at 25 ℃ with a volume ratio of 1:1, stirring fully to uniformly soak the plant-based activated carbon, taking out the soaked plant-based activated carbon, and drying the soaked plant-based activated carbon at 50 ℃ to obtain the acid leaching activated carbon. And (3) fully and uniformly mixing 95 parts of acid leaching activated carbon, 15 parts of straw, 10 parts of wood dust and 10 parts of diatomite to obtain the deodorant A.
Soaking 40-60 mesh plant-based active carbon in Na with concentration of 0.1mol/L 2 CO 3 Soaking for 8 hours at 25 ℃, controlling the volume ratio of the plant-based active carbon to the citric acid to be 1:1, fully stirring to uniformly soak the plant-based active carbon, taking out the plant-based active carbon after soaking, and drying the plant-based active carbon at 50 ℃ to obtain the alkaline-leaching active carbon. 68 parts of alkaline leaching activated carbon, 10 parts of straw, 10 parts of wood dust, 8 parts of mineral clay and 5 parts of calcium oxide are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the deodorant B.
Placing 2 parts of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B at a natural ventilation air outlet, wherein the deodorant A is placed below the deodorant B; 1 part of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B are placed at the forced ventilation air outlet, and the deodorant A is placed above the deodorant B.
The tower type composting device is of a three-bin structure, a first bin, a second bin and a third bin are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, kitchen waste and wheat straw are evenly mixed according to a ratio of 10:1, the material is put into the uppermost bin of the tower type composting device, the water content of the material is 60%, the C/N ratio is 28:1, the first bin is used for composting for 3 days, forced ventilation is started for 20min before discharging, and the ventilation quantity is 1.0m 3 Opening the turning plate, discharging to a second storage bin, composting for 3 days in the second storage bin, and opening forced ventilation for 10min before discharging, wherein the ventilation rate is 1.0m 3 After composting for 3 days, the materials directly enter a discharging trolley at the bottom of the composting equipment and are transported to a secondary stage by the discharging trolleyAnd (5) aging the compost places.
The odor concentration was greatly reduced after the deodorant was provided at the air outlet, as compared with the case where no deodorant was provided, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 odor component and concentration detection results
Wind direction Upwind direction (east) Downwind direction (southwest) Downwind direction (Western) Down wind (northwest)
NH 3 (mg/m 3 ) 0.010 0.017 0.013 0.018
H 2 S(mg/m 3 ) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001
Odor concentration <10 <10 <10 <10
Example 2
Soaking 40-60 mesh plant-based active carbon in 0.3mol/L citric acid for 5 hours at 25deg.C under a volume ratio of 1:1, stirring thoroughly to soak uniformly, taking out after soaking, and oven drying at 50deg.C to obtain the final product. And (3) fully and uniformly mixing 85 parts of acid leaching activated carbon, 20 parts of straw, 10 parts of wood dust and 12 parts of diatomite to obtain the deodorant A.
Soaking living plant-based charcoal of 40-60 meshes in Na with concentration of 0.5mol/L 2 CO 3 Soaking for 5 hours at 25 ℃, controlling the volume ratio of the plant-based active carbon to the citric acid to be 1:1, fully stirring to uniformly soak the plant-based active carbon, taking out the plant-based active carbon after soaking, and drying the plant-based active carbon at 50 ℃ to obtain the alkaline-leaching active carbon. 60 parts of alkaline leaching activated carbon, 12 parts of straw, 10 parts of wood dust, 12 parts of mineral clay and 5 parts of calcium oxide are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the deodorant B.
Placing 2 parts of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B at a natural ventilation air outlet, wherein the deodorant A is placed below the deodorant B; 1 part of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B are placed at the forced ventilation air outlet, and the deodorant A is placed above the deodorant B.
The tower type composting device is of a four-bin structure, and comprises a first bin, a second bin, a third bin and a fourth bin from top to bottom in sequence, kitchen waste and wheat straw are evenly mixed according to a ratio of 10:1 and then are put into the uppermost bin of the tower type composting device, the water content of the material is 60%, the C/N ratio is 28:1, the first bin is used for composting for 1 day, forced ventilation is started for 20min before discharging, and the ventilation quantity is 1.0m 3 Opening the turning plate, discharging to a second storage bin, composting for 1 day in the second storage bin, and opening forced ventilation for 10min before discharging, wherein the ventilation rate is 1.0m 3 And (3) repeating the operation until composting is finished, wherein the material directly enters a discharging trolley at the bottom of the composting equipment, and is conveyed to a secondary composting place for aging treatment by the discharging trolley.
Compared with the case without deodorant, the concentration of odor is greatly reduced after the deodorant is arranged at the air outlet.
TABLE 2 odor component and concentration detection results
Wind direction Upwind direction (east) Downwind direction (southwest) Downwind direction (Western) Down wind (northwest)
NH 3 (mg/m 3 ) 0.005 0.020 0.024 0.017
H 2 S(mg/m 3 ) <0.001 0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Odor concentration <10 <10 <10 <10
Example 3
Soaking 40-60 mesh plant-based active carbon in 0.5mol/L citric acid for 5 hours at 25deg.C with a volume ratio of 2:1, stirring thoroughly to soak uniformly, taking out after soaking, and oven drying at 50deg.C to obtain the final product. And (3) fully and uniformly mixing 80 parts of acid leaching activated carbon, 25 parts of straw, 12 parts of wood dust and 15 parts of diatomite to obtain the deodorant A.
Soaking 40-60 mesh plant-based active carbon in Na with concentration of 0.5mol/L 2 CO 3 Soaking for 5 hours at 25 ℃, controlling the volume ratio of the plant-based active carbon to the citric acid to be 1:1, fully stirring to uniformly soak the plant-based active carbon, taking out the plant-based active carbon after soaking, and drying the plant-based active carbon at 50 ℃ to obtain the alkaline-leaching active carbon. And (3) fully and uniformly mixing 55 parts of alkaline leaching active carbon, 14 parts of straw, 12 parts of wood dust, 12 parts of mineral clay and 9 parts of calcium oxide to obtain the deodorant B.
3 parts of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B are placed at a natural ventilation air outlet, and the deodorant A is placed below the deodorant B; 2 parts of deodorant A and 1 part of deodorant B are placed at the forced ventilation air outlet, and the deodorant A is placed above the deodorant B.
The tower type composting device is of a three-bin structure, kitchen waste and wheat straw are evenly mixed according to a ratio of 10:1 and then are put into the uppermost bin of the tower type composting device, the water content of the material is 60%, the C/N ratio is 28:1, the first bin is used for composting for 3 days, forced ventilation is started for 20min before discharging, and the ventilation quantity is 1.0m 3 Opening the turning plate, discharging to a second storage bin, composting for 3 days in the second storage bin, and opening forced ventilation for 10min before discharging, wherein the ventilation rate is 1.0m 3 And/min, opening the turning plate, discharging to a third feed bin, and after composting for 3 days, directly feeding the materials into a discharging trolley at the bottom of the composting device, and conveying the materials to a secondary composting place for aging treatment by the discharging trolley.
Compared with the case without deodorant, the concentration of odor is greatly reduced after the deodorant is arranged at the air outlet.
TABLE 3 odor component and concentration detection results
Wind direction Upwind direction (east) Downwind direction (southwest) Downwind direction (Western) Down wind (northwest)
NH 3 (mg/m 3 ) 0.009 0.024 0.012 0.024
H 2 S(mg/m 3 ) <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.001
Odor concentration <10 <10 <10 <10
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a single embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to specific embodiments, and that the embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a deodorant preparation technology for tower compost equipment, tower compost equipment includes natural draft air outlet and forced draft air outlet, its characterized in that: the deodorant comprises a deodorant A and a deodorant B; stirring the plant-based activated carbon in a weak acid solution with a certain concentration for multiple times, soaking for a period of time, taking out and drying to obtain acid leaching activated carbon, and fully and uniformly mixing the acid leaching activated carbon with straw, wood dust and diatomite to obtain a deodorant A; the mass ratio of the deodorant A is as follows: 80-95 parts of acid leaching activated carbon, 15-25 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of wood dust and 10-15 parts of diatomite;
soaking and stirring plant-based activated carbon in a weak base solution with a certain concentration for multiple times, taking out and drying after a period of treatment to obtain alkaline-soaked activated carbon, and fully and uniformly mixing the alkaline-soaked activated carbon with straw, wood dust, mineral clay and calcium oxide to obtain a deodorant B; the mass ratio of the deodorant B is as follows: 55-68 parts of alkaline leaching activated carbon, 10-14 parts of straw, 10-14 parts of wood dust, 8-12 parts of mineral clay and 5-9 parts of calcium oxide;
placing a deodorant A and a deodorant B at a natural ventilation air outlet in a ratio of 2:1-3:1, wherein the deodorant A is placed below the deodorant B; the ratio of the deodorant A to the deodorant B is 1:1-2:1, and the deodorant A is arranged above the deodorant B.
2. The deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the plant-based activated carbon comprises any one or more of coconut husk activated carbon, corn cob activated carbon and hazelnut shell activated carbon.
3. The deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: soaking the plant-based activated carbon in weak acid with the concentration of 0.05mol/L-1.0mol/L for 3 hours to 12 hours at the soaking temperature of 20 ℃ to 50 ℃ and the volume ratio of the plant-based activated carbon to the weak acid of 1:1-2:1; the weak acid is one or more of citric acid, malic acid and phosphoric acid.
4. The deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: soaking the plant-based activated carbon in 0.05-1.0 mol/L weak base for 3-12 hours at 20-50 ℃ with the volume ratio of the plant-based activated carbon to the weak base being 1:1-2:1; the weak base is one or more of ammonia water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
5. A method of using the deodorant produced by the deodorant production process for a tower composting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the tower composting apparatus comprising a plurality of vertically sequentially arranged bins, the material in the upper bin being able to enter the lower bin under the action of gravity, the method comprising the steps of:
the prepared deodorant A and the deodorant B are combined into deodorant according to the proportion and the position, and then the deodorant is respectively placed in a natural ventilation air outlet and a forced ventilation air outlet;
uniformly mixing kitchen waste and auxiliary materials to form a material, adjusting the water content of the material to be 50-65% and the C/N ratio to be 25:1-35:1, putting the material into the uppermost bin of tower type compost, and starting composting;
the composting time of each bin is 1-3 days, after the composting time of the upper bin is finished, the material is discharged to the lower bin, and forced ventilation is started for 10-20 min before discharging, and the ventilation quantity of the forced ventilation is 1m 3 /min-1.5m 3 /min。
6. The method for applying a deodorant produced by the deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw.
7. The method for applying a deodorant produced by the deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the turning plate which can rotate is arranged between the bins of the tower type composting equipment, the turning plate is positioned in a horizontal state to support materials, and the materials are discharged from the upper bin to the lower bin when the turning plate rotates to a non-horizontal state.
8. The method for applying a deodorant produced by the deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: when the temperature in any bin of the tower type composting device exceeds 70 ℃, forced ventilation is started.
9. The method for applying a deodorant produced by the deodorant preparation process for tower composting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the deodorant placed at the natural ventilation air outlet has a replacement frequency of 70-90 days, and the deodorant placed at the forced ventilation air outlet has a replacement frequency of 60-75 days.
CN202210859726.5A 2022-07-21 2022-07-21 Deodorant preparation process for tower type composting equipment and application method Active CN115253590B (en)

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