CN107698286A - It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled - Google Patents
It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled Download PDFInfo
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- CN107698286A CN107698286A CN201711077691.5A CN201711077691A CN107698286A CN 107698286 A CN107698286 A CN 107698286A CN 201711077691 A CN201711077691 A CN 201711077691A CN 107698286 A CN107698286 A CN 107698286A
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- compost
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- absorbent composite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Comprised the following steps the present invention relates to a kind of using the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled：1st, the organic solid castoff of moisture content to be regulated and the magnetic water-absorbent composite material of drying are mixed in proportion, regulation heap body moisture content to 60% 70%；2nd, forced ventilation is carried out to ferment with not turning high temperature aerobic composting；3rd, after compost terminates, using the magnetic properties or dimensional characteristic of magnetic water-absorbent composite material carry out with the separation of composting production, 4, the moisture for removing magnetic water-absorbent composite material by heating or drying mode and adsorbing, recycle.Magnetic water-absorbent composite material used in the present invention has self structure strong and stablized, and has very strong water absorbing properties, adjusts moisture content positive effect；The ferromagnetism having makes it easier to separate, and can be recycled；The porous material of shell produces supporting role to heap body, increase heap body space, air circulation, removes turning process, reduces energy consumption.The magnetic water-absorbent composite material has higher practical value for the compost recycling of organic solid castoff.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste resource recovery to utilize field, and in particular to one kind is absorbed water using magnetic can be recycled
The method of composite compost.
Background technology
Feces of livestock and poultry, kitchen garbage, municipal sludge, application of city life garbage, agricultural wastes, garden garbage and other are organic
Solid waste, due to the characteristics of moisture content is high, aeration difference, easily causes the blocking in windrow space, shadow in high temperature aerobic composting
The occurrence of ringing ventilation effect and causing anaerobic fermentation, produces hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and other intermediate products, distributes bad smell.
Oozed simultaneously under heap body moisture, cause heap body understructure fine and close, air can not reach heap body center to meet the micro- life of high-temperature aerobic
Thing grows demand, activity decrease, it is impossible to produce enough metabolism heat energy, directly affect compost maturity process.
The experimental results show at present, and the moisture control of compost first stage is at 50%~70%, micro- life in heap body
The growth rate and oxygen uptake of thing reach maximum, and compost temperature can maintain a higher level.So regulation and control heap body contains
Water rate is that compost is successfully crucial, and a most difficult step.
The method for regulating and controlling heap body moisture content is a lot, is adjusted before being divided into compost and adjusts two major classes in compost.Adjusted before compost
Section is exactly the level for the moisture content of composting material being reduced to before compost compost needs, in sludge, biogas residue and house refuse
Gourd, fruit and vegetable etc the higher organic solid castoff of moisture content need to put into additional energy and equipment and can just accomplish, therefore compared with
It is few to use.Method using regulation heap body moisture content in more universal compost is added necessarily into the composting material of high-moisture percentage
The relatively dry packing material of amount, unnecessary moisture is balanced, and using space structure in packing material regulation heap body, be easy to compost
Rapidly and efficiently carry out, method is simple and practical.Packing material requires Stability Analysis of Structures, and water absorbing capacity is stronger, can be played in heap body
Supporting role, and it is cheap.
The now widely used organic conditioner of tradition（Organic filler material）There are wood chip, stalk, rice husk, peanut shell, mushroom
Mushroom slag or different materials are used in mixed way, such as Chinese invention patent：A kind of charcoal answering in sludge composting as external source conditioner
With（Application number：201310077278.4）, in mass ratio 1:0.2:（0.1-0.3）Sludge, straw are mixed with the charcoal dried,
Moisture content is adjusted in 60%-70%, the mode being combined in composting arrangement using static forced ventilation and artificial turning is to sludge
Carry out compost fermentation processing；Chinese invention patent：Compost side using mesopore silicon oxide as heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier
Method（Application number：201510921421.2）, using dewatered sludge as raw material, the mixture of sheep manure and sawdust is added, addition surface is born
The mesopore silicon oxide for carrying compost bacterium is conditioner, and addition mesopore silicon oxide is heavy metal deactivator, and regulation moisture content is 65%,
Compost is carried out by the way of dynamic air blast；Chinese invention patent：It is a kind of that the kitchen waste compost side of conditioner is used as using mushroom bran
Method（Application number：200810116333.5）, kitchen garbage is crushed, mushroom bran is uniformly admixed in kitchen garbage, regulation contains
Water carries out compost treatment in 55%-65%；Chinese invention patent：One kind adds fowl and animal excrement aerobic compost method humous
（Application number：CN201410608912.7）, after stalk is crushed and the well mixed regulation of fowl and animal excrement, fertile soil powder is aqueous
Rate, aerobic compost is carried out using interval forced ventilation mode.Above Patent shows that traditional organic conditioner is in compost mistake
Compost reaction is participated in journey, itself degrades, and loses the supporting role in heap body, and because water absorbing capacity is weaker,
Cause organic conditioner usage amount big, and can not recycle.
To reach the preferably moisture regulation to heap body and structure regulating effect, zeolite, charcoal, haydite, potsherd etc.
Inorganic conditioner（Inorganic filling material）It is also used in compost, such as Chinese invention patent：A kind of sludge composting is answered with inorganic-organic
Close conditioner（Application number：201110329543.4）With Chinese invention patent：A kind of sludge composting is nursed one's health with inorganic-organic hybrid
Agent（Application number：201410571908.8）, inorganic-organic hybrid conditioner therein by porous ceramics and wood chip by a certain percentage
Mix, carry out sludge composting improvement of terms；Chinese invention patent：A kind of conditioner and its application in sludge composting
（Application number：200810137214.8）, it is used for sludge composting by the use of 0.2-10cm float stone as conditioner；Chinese invention is special
Profit：A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method（Application number：201510643491.6）, received being adsorbed with
The Fe of rice Zero-valent Iron3O4- chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, rape cake press 1-5:100:20-50 is mixed
Close, the aerobic fermentation in compost reactor.It is inorganic in the inorganic conditioner or " compound " conditioner that are used in above patent
Conditioner, although having preferable mechanical strength, Reactor structure, which is adjusted, certain effect, and water absorbing properties are limited, it is impossible to
Good water regulating function is played, and additive particle diameter is small, is not readily separated and is re-circulated use, causes composting production
Inorganic constituents increase, reduces product quality.
The traditional conditioner of the above（Packing material）, it is either organic or inorganic, if to adjust heap body moisture
To the process condition of suitable compost（Moisture content 60-70%）, its usage amount is all larger.It is dirty by taking the aerobic compost of 1 ton of sludge as an example
The moisture percentage in sewage sludge that waterworks sludge evaporation plant comes out takes median 80% to calculate, wherein dry typically in 75%-85%
200kg, moisture 800kg；Conditioning of mud moisture content is such as needed then to need to remove 400kg moisture to 66.7%.If use organic tune
Agent is managed, it is necessary to add absolutely dry organic conditioner 200kg in theory；If the use of existing market maximum water absorption rate is 20%
Inorganic conditioner, then need at least add 2 tons.As can be seen here, it is above-mentioned in typical case, traditional inorganic conditioner is basic
The regulation of heap body moisture is not used to, and the usage amount for the organic conditioner dried is suitable with the dry weight of composting material, does not meet
Organic solid castoff handles the principle of minimizing, adds production cost, loses the initial of organic solid waste compost
Meaning.It is increasing with life organic solid castoff, the source of conditioner and turned into using cost in industry one
Hang-up.
The content of the invention
Based on the packing material present in above-mentioned prior art（Conditioner）Regulation moisture content is ineffective, and usage amount is big,
The problems such as use cost is high, the object of the invention provide a kind of method for utilizing and magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled,
The deficiency that magnetic water-absorbent composite material can be recycled, avoid other materials used, can be realized to moisture content in heap body
Regulation and control, improve Reactor structure and Composting process conditions, improve heap body aeration and Composting speed, reduce energy consumption,
And can does not enter composting production, improves product quality, is easy to separate and recycle with composting production, while has certain micro-
Bio-carrier acts on.
Technical scheme may be accomplished by：
To reach compost reclaimed water sub-control system, structure regulation, ensureing quality, the purpose of cost is reduced it may first have in composting process
Middle addition high absorbency material.High absorbency material refers to absorbable decades of times to the material of the water of hundreds of times of sole masses,
High hydroscopic resin therein is a kind of new functional macromolecule material, is with hydrophilic radical, largely can absorb moisture and be swelled
And can maintains the synthetic resin that moisture does not outflow, and can typically absorb moisture of more than 100 times equivalent to resin volume, highest
Water absorption rate up to more than 1000 times.Secondly, packing material must have structure support effect, ensure air circulation, but height is inhaled
Water-based material does not have mechanical strength substantially after absorbing water, it is therefore desirable to the metal with higher mechanical strength or nonmetallic（Such as
Ceramics）Material forms the composite of integration, and water regulating function is undertaken by high absorbency material, and structure adjustment effect is by having
There is higher mechanical strength material to undertake.Finally, it is the effect for reaching guarantee quality of compost products, reducing production cost, the filling
Material（Composite）Compost reaction, easily separated, easy drying must not directly be participated in, can be recycled, and prevented using band micropore
The ferrimagnet of corrosion can preferably meet these requirements, and magnetic water-absorbent composite material can be recycled so as to be formed.
This magnetic water-absorbent composite material that can be recycled is made up of two parts：Shell and internal absorbent material.As excellent
Choosing, shell are the ferromagnetism anticorrosion porous spherical material with higher-strength, particle diameter 1-5cm；Preferably, internal water-absorption material
Material includes but is not limited to high absorbency material, high hydroscopic resin, silica gel, sponge, Sodium Polyacrylate and combinations thereof, internal water-absorption material
Expect that water absorption rate is more than 100 times.
It is using the specific implementation that can be recycled magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost：By a certain amount of dry magnetic
Hybrid composting ferments in the organic solid castoff of water-absorbent composite material addition high-moisture percentage, absorbs the trip in compost fermentation process
From moisture, regulation compost moisture content to 60%-70%；Compost is carried out using forced ventilation with not turning mode；Compost will after terminating
Magnetic water-absorbent composite material is separated using its ferromagnetic characteristic or dimensional characteristic with composting production；Removed by heating or drying mode
After the moisture of composite absorption, recycle in organic solid waste aerobic compost.
It is disclosed in this invention it is this technical thought of the magnetic water-absorbent composite material from invention can be recycled, to novel-section
Selection, combination and the making of material, all explanation is a kind of innovative high-moisture percentage Organic Ingredients compost composite material special, and with
Established based on this kind of from the compost new method being not used by.
Compared with existing compost packing material and technical method, beneficial effects of the present invention are：Material is filled with existing compost
Material is compared, and magnetic water-absorbent composite material used in the present invention easily manufactures, and self structure and property are stable, have and are filled than tradition
The much higher water absorbing properties of material, regulation heap body moisture content usage amount is small, positive effect.
Compost method used in the present invention is not involved in compost maturity process, compost without using extra organic conditioner
Process operation is simple, is advantageous to the minimizing of organic solid castoff, reduces composting material cost.
The shell with loose structure and higher mechanical strength for the magnetic water-absorbent composite material that the present invention uses can be to heap
Body produces supporting role, increase heap body space, air circulation, it is not necessary to turning, reduce energy consumption and manpower.
The ferromagnetism and dimensional characteristic that magnetic water-absorbent composite material used in the present invention has make it easier to produce with compost
Product separate, and are easily dried, can recycle, and improve compost production efficiency, reduce production cost.
Magnetic water-absorbent composite material used in the present invention can improve the deficiency of existing packing material, while adjust compost
Moisture content, air circulation performance, promote compost humification process, also there is certain fermentative microorganism during recycling
Carrier function, there is higher practical value for the compost recycling of organic solid castoff.
Brief description of the drawings：
Magnetic water-absorbent composite material composting process schematic diagram can be recycled in a kind of utilize of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below.Obviously, described embodiment
Only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
The magnetic martensitic stain less steel of apparatus makes the hemispherical thin outer crust that radius is 2cm, and gather aperture thereon, another to make half
Footpath 2cm sponge hollow spheres, built-in high hydroscopic resin powder 0.3g；Sponge ball is fastened to form one with two hemisphere body cases
The magnetic water-absorbent composite material of change.By the fresh cow dung of this magnetic water-absorbent composite material and moisture content 85%, by volume 1:3 is mixed
Close uniform, feeding compost reactor, using forced ventilation（Ventilation：8.5m3/（h·m3））High temperature is carried out with the mode of not turning
Aerobic compost, compost enter hot stage in 9 hours upon start, and maximum temperature reaches 67.8 DEG C.Heap body can maintain hot stage
The time of (45 DEG C of ＞), compost maturity after 23 days, magnetic water-absorbent composite material crossed 3cm x together with composting production more than 6d
3cm sieves, and separated and recovered magnetic water-absorbent composite material and composting production by magnetic separator.The magnetic isolated water suction is multiple
Condensation material is heated to 60 °C of removal adsorption moistures, standby after drying.
Embodiment 2：
It is new with moisture content 89% after the heating of magnetic water-absorbent composite material or drying that embodiment 1 is isolated remove adsorption moisture
Fresh cow dung, by volume 1:3 is well mixed, compost reactor is sent into afterwards, using forced ventilation（Ventilation：8.5m3/（h·m3））
High temperature aerobic composting is carried out with the mode of not turning, 8-9 hours enter hot stage to compost upon start, and maximum temperature reaches
66.4℃.Heap body can maintain the time of hot stage (45 DEG C of ＞) more than 5d, compost maturity after 24 days, magnetic water suction composite wood
Material separates when composting production passes through magnetic separator with composting production, after heated or drying removes adsorption moisture, can continue cycling through
Use.
Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled, it is characterised in that comprises the steps of：
The magnetic water-absorbent composite material of a certain amount of drying is added into hybrid composting in the organic solid castoff of high-moisture percentage to send out
Ferment, absorb caused free moisture in compost fermentation process, regulation heap body moisture content to 60%-70%；Compost uses forced ventilation
Carried out with not turning mode；Compost is separated magnetic water-absorbent composite material using ferromagnetic characteristic after terminating with composting production；Pass through
After heating or drying mode remove the moisture of magnetic water-absorbent composite material absorption, recycle in organic solid waste aerobic heap
In fertilizer.
2. the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled in a kind of utilization described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described magnetic water-absorbent composite material shell and internal absorbent material composition.
3. the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled in a kind of utilization described in claim 2, it is characterised in that
Shell is the ferromagnetism anticorrosion porous spherical material with higher-strength, particle diameter 1-5cm；Internal absorbent material is by super absorbent resin
Fat, silica gel, sponge, Sodium Polyacrylate and combinations thereof form, and internal absorbent material water absorption rate is more than 100 times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711077691.5A CN107698286A (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2017-11-06 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711077691.5A CN107698286A (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2017-11-06 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled |
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| CN201711077691.5A Pending CN107698286A (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2017-11-06 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101948337A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江大学 | Perishable organic garbage degrading bactericide carrier |
| CN105272396A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-01-27 | 武汉纺织大学 | Composting treatment method of excess sludge from urban sewage treatment plant |
| CN105617980A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-01 | 南华大学 | Method for modifying magnetic bentonite by biosurfactant and application of modified magnetic bentonite |
| CN106747703A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of method that benzene dipping pretreatment strengthens sludge composting conditioner water imbibition |
-
2017
- 2017-11-06 CN CN201711077691.5A patent/CN107698286A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101948337A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江大学 | Perishable organic garbage degrading bactericide carrier |
| CN105272396A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-01-27 | 武汉纺织大学 | Composting treatment method of excess sludge from urban sewage treatment plant |
| CN105617980A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-01 | 南华大学 | Method for modifying magnetic bentonite by biosurfactant and application of modified magnetic bentonite |
| CN106747703A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of method that benzene dipping pretreatment strengthens sludge composting conditioner water imbibition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
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Application publication date: 20180216 |