CN1331819C - Process for manufacturing granular complex fertilizer from sludge and fly-ash by blending, granulation, and gas purification - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing granular complex fertilizer from sludge and fly-ash by blending, granulation, and gas purification Download PDFInfo
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- CN1331819C CN1331819C CNB2006100286502A CN200610028650A CN1331819C CN 1331819 C CN1331819 C CN 1331819C CN B2006100286502 A CNB2006100286502 A CN B2006100286502A CN 200610028650 A CN200610028650 A CN 200610028650A CN 1331819 C CN1331819 C CN 1331819C
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for producing granular compound fertilizer by the mixing granulation of sludge and pulverized coal ash, and gas purification. Dewatered sludge is used, and pulverized straw and the pulverized coal ash are used as dispersing agents; after mixed and stirred, the dewatered sludge, the pulverized straw and the pulverized coal ash are fermented and treated by microbes, and then are mixed with a certain number of desulfurizing agents to be stirred for pugging and properly dried so that the water content of the mixed pug material reaches 10 to 28%; granules with 1 to 20mm of grain diameters are produced by granulators; after activated by a flash evaporation method, granules are conveyed to a gas purification device for eliminating harmful gas, such as H2S, SOx, NOx, etc. in the gas; under the action of hot flow environment, the reaction of granule drying and gas purification is carried out in the gas purification device. After sieving, granules extracted from the tail of the gas purification device are passivated by heavy metal passivator; the obtained granule is the very ideal granular compound fertilizer which can be used for afforestation and plant grow of soil of alkaline land; the method of the present invention can use wastes to treat wastes and realizes resource utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing mud flyash mixing granulation Purge gas and by-product of compound fertilizer, in particulate burning purifying gas, obtain the granular composite fertilizer of by-product, belong to mud composting and gas desulfurization removing nitric technical field.
Background technology
Contain a large amount of N, P, K, Ca and organic matter in the urban domestic sewage sludge, and N, P be based on organic, also have the necessary trace element of many plants in the mud simultaneously, can slowly discharge, have long-lasting.The organic average content of China's mud is 37.18%, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium average content are respectively 3.03%, 1.52%, 0.69%, all surpasses the nutrient standard of national compost needs.Therefore, mud is useful Biological resources, is good soil improvement agent and fertilizer.
The agricultural less investment of mud, energy consumption is low, and working cost is low, is considered to have most a kind of disposal options of development potentiality.This disposal options is that mud is applied to farmland, vegetable plot, orchard, forest land, meadow, municipal administration greening and seedling medium etc.Afforestation is a rising mode of utilizing, because it is difficult for causing the pollution of food chain.
The loss that influences the agricultural principal element of mud and be heavy metal contamination, pathogenic agent, hardly degraded organic substance and N, P is to surface water and phreatic pollution.A large amount of studies show that: in recent ten years, heavy metal content is on a declining curve in the municipal sludge, as long as strict control sludge composting quality is rationally used, generally can not cause heavy metal contamination.In addition, for a small amount of heavy metal in mud and the flyash, existing now sophisticated heavy metal passivating technique can be with its stabilization.
At present, in mud composting technology, sludge manure generally needs redrying, adds fertilizer such as calcium, potassium simultaneously, and carries out granular packing, just can go on market.Adopt hotblast stove oven dry material mode both at home and abroad mostly, this mode needs bigger facility investment and running cost, and energy consumption is very high.
There is a large amount of low-quality used heat in the coal-fired flue-gas,, incites somebody to action save energy greatly if utilize fume afterheat to come the sludge-drying mixed fertilizer.The sulphur nitrogen resource that exists in the while coal-fired flue-gas, directly discharging is a pollutent to atmosphere, as to be absorbed and used to plant be exactly very useful fertilizer, if with the sulphur nitrogen resource conversion in the coal-fired flue-gas in sludge manure, will make the mud composting need not to add in addition sulfur-nitrogen fertilizer material composition.
Japan just began one's study from 1985 and utilizes the dry type flue gas desulfurizing technology of flyash as sweetening agent, and first large-scale coal ash dry type flue gas desulfurizing equipment of the coal-fired unit of 350MW puts into operation at the beginning of 1991.Chinese patent CN1284488A and patent CN1308039A have reported that openly making slurries with smeltery's blast furnace slag absorbs sulfurous gas in the sinter fume, and the product of gained is finally made the inorganic composite fertilizer of sulfur-bearing through adding a certain amount of gypsum.Chinese patent CN1363539A discloses a kind of high-sulfur organic bio-fertilizer and production method thereof, react with sulfur in smoke after the slag of claying into power and water is made into slurries, reacted product mixes the mixture that obtains with gypsum and slag, dehydrates the soil improvement agent that obtains administering the saltings through precipitation.This several method all is to belong to wet desulfurizing process, and the slurries made from industrial residue spray desulfurization.And all there is the secondary pollution problem in most of wet desulphurization device in industrial application, has solved airborne pollution, but brought in the water and subterranean pollution, and flue gas with water is serious, and cigarette air channel and induced draft fan rot easily.Chinese patent ZL200310108105.0 discloses a kind of technology of utilizing mineralized waste granulation realization coal-fired flue-gas dry method dust desulfurization removing nitric and by-product to go out granular composite fertilizer, cigarette air channel seriously corroded and secondary pollution problem that this method can avoid wet desulphurization to bring.But lack organic composition in the granular composite fertilizer of association after the desulfurization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art; a kind of method of utilizing mud flyash mixing granulation Purge gas and by-product of compound fertilizer is proposed; adopt mud and flyash mixing granulation to realize gas sweetening; and a kind of granular composite fertilizer of by-product; by the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, reach protection environment and recycling.
For realizing such purpose, the present invention utilizes dewatered sludge, with straw powder and flyash is dispersion agent, the three mixed carry out microbial fermentation after the stirring and handle, admix a certain amount of sweetening agent then, stir pugging and suitably dry, make mixing pug moisture reach 10～28%, producing particle diameter by tablets press is the particle of 1～20mm; Send into gas-cleaning installation after adopting flash evaporation with the particle activation, be used for removing the H in the gas
2S, SO
xAnd NO
xDeng obnoxious flavour.Under the effect of hot-fluid environment, particle drying and gas desulfurization removing nitric purification reaction take place in the refining plant, particle has increased nutrients such as sulphur, nitrogen, calcium in said process.The particle of discharging from afterbody adopts heavy metal deactivator to carry out Passivation Treatment after screening, and the particle that is obtained is exactly a kind of very ideal granular composite fertilizer, can be alkaline land soil afforestation and plant cultivating and adopts.
The method of utilizing mud flyash mixing granulation Purge gas and by-product of compound fertilizer that the present invention proposes comprises following concrete steps:
1, select urban domestic sewage sludge for use, mud organic substance content is about about 20～60%, and its water ratio is 50～85% after dewatering.Add straw powder and flyash and stir in dewatered sludge, wherein straw powder accounts for 1～15% of material gross weight, and flyash accounts for 5～45% of material gross weight, and mixed material water ratio is 35～60%.
Because the moisture percentage in sewage sludge height, viscosity is big, and non-structure intensity is not mixed dispersion agent and changed its performance, and oxygen is difficult to enter, and is difficult for carrying out aerobic fermentation, therefore is used as the dispersion agent of mud with straw powder and flyash.
2, mixture is sent into fermentation unit and carried out microbial fermentation, make the fermenting process of temperature, high temperature, middle temperature in the material experience, the mesophilic digestion temperature is 25～45 ℃, and the thermophilic fermentation temperature is 45～120 ℃, fermentation period is 3～8 days, is become thoroughly decomposed fully in material fermentation back.
Mixture is in fermentation unit, and material is mixed friction on one side, on one side fermentation.At the fermentation initial stage, it is more active to have a liking for warm microorganism when temperature is 25 ℃～45 ℃, has undertaken organic katabolism.Because the machinery heat that biological heat that fermenting process produces and mixed friction produce, temperature of charge will raise gradually, reach 60 ℃～120 ℃ after operation for some time, at this moment have a liking for that warm microorganism is suppressed even dead, replaced by high temperature microbe, this moment, some difficult organism that decompose also were decomposed gradually except perishable organism decomposes, soil ulmin begins to form the mixture preliminarily stabilisedization.Through behind the thermophilic fermentation, the mixture temperature descends gradually, has a liking for warm microorganism and begins to enliven, and continues decomposing organic matter and hybrid composting is become thoroughly decomposed.3～8 days zymotechnique cycles of operation, finish the fermenting process of middle temperature-high temperature-middle temperature.
3, add lime or iron powder in the material after above-mentioned fermentation as sweetening agent, sweetening agent accounts for 5～25% of material gross weight, after stirring material is left standstill 1～3 day.A large amount of heat energy that lime is emitted can be killed pathogenic agent, reduce stench and heavy metal-passivated.
4, with dry materials, making dried material water ratio is 10～28%; Then material is sent into granulation formation in the tablets press, producing particle diameter is the particle of 1～20mm.
5, adopt 100～250 ℃ steam that shaped particles is carried out the expansion drying activation treatment, particle after the flash distillation is sent into participated in gas sweetening in the gas-cleaning installation, the gas feed temperature is 0～320 ℃.
Gas sweetening is meant containing H
2S, SO
xAnd NO
xGas etc. objectionable impurities carries out desulfurization removing nitric, has increased the composition of sulphur and nitrogen by the reacted particle of desulfurization removing nitric.
6, will discharge from the device afterbody through the particle after the gas sweetening, the screening back adopts heavy metal deactivator to carry out Passivation Treatment, the heavy metal deactivator addition is for purifying 5～20% of back particle weight, after stirring particle was left standstill 24～36 hours, packing obtains the granular composite fertilizer as alkaline land soil modifying agent and plant growing then.
After technological process of the present invention, granular composite fertilizer does not have that stink, mosquitos and flies and insects do not breed, the plant seed in pathogenic bacterium and the material is all killed and destroyed.After the granule materials screening packing, just can be used as saline land greening afforestation and farm crop plantation.The present invention adopts mud and flyash mixing granulation to realize gas sweetening, and a kind of granular composite fertilizer of by-product.Because the present invention can take into account utilization of waste material and protection environment two aspects simultaneously, has accomplished the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another and recycling, and has greatly reduced the cost of Purge gas, thereby had broad application prospects.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Select urban domestic sewage sludge for use, the water ratio after the sludge dewatering is 70%, and its organic content is 40%.Add straw powder and flyash in dewatered sludge, wherein straw powder accounts for 5% of material gross weight, and flyash accounts for 30% of material gross weight.Mixture is stirred, mix the back water ratio and reach about 50%.Mixture sent into carry out microbial fermentation in the fermentation unit, material should generate heat by friction and biological sending out in fermentation unit, and the fermenting process of temperature, high temperature, middle temperature in the experience, the mesophilic digestion temperature is 25 ℃～45 ℃, the thermophilic fermentation temperature is 45 ℃～120 ℃.By the regulation and control of fermentation unit, material has the different residence time to the three phases of mesophilic digestion by mesophilic digestion again to thermophilic fermentation, and total fermentation period is 5 days, is become thoroughly decomposed fully in material fermentation back.Add lime as alkaline sweetening agent in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sweetening agent accounts for 10% of mixture gross weight, after stirring material is left standstill 1 day.Utilize residual heat from boiler fume dry mixed material, dried material moisture reaches about 16%.Then material is sent into and produced the particle that particle diameter is 5mm in the tablets press.Adopt 150 ℃ of steam that particle is carried out the expansion drying activation treatment, to send into feed bin standby for particle after the flash distillation.The activation particle enters the desulfurization removing nitric that is used to realize coal-fired flue-gas in the gas-cleaning installation from feed bin, the gas approach temperature is about 180 ℃.The foul gas of Chan Shenging also is sent to and carries out purifying treatment in the gas device during the fermentation.Discharge from the gas-cleaning installation afterbody through the particle behind the desulfurization removing nitric, material is screened the back adopts heavy metal deactivator that particle is carried out Passivation Treatment, the heavy metal deactivator addition leaves standstill particle 24 hours after stirring for purifying 8% of back particle weight, at last packing.Through the particle that obtains after the above-mentioned technological process, as alkaline land soil modifying agent and plant growing fertilizer.
Embodiment 2:
Select urban domestic sewage sludge for use, the water ratio after the sludge dewatering is 60%, and its organic content is 50%.Add straw powder and flyash in dewatered sludge, wherein straw powder accounts for 2% of material gross weight, and flyash accounts for 45% of material gross weight, and mixture is stirred, and mixed material water ratio is 45%.Mixture sent into carry out microbial fermentation in the fermentation unit, material should generate heat by friction and biological sending out in fermentation unit, and the fermenting process of temperature, high temperature, middle temperature in the experience, the mesophilic digestion temperature is 25 ℃～45 ℃, the thermophilic fermentation temperature is 45 ℃～70 ℃.By the regulation and control of fermentation unit, material has the different residence time to the three phases of mesophilic digestion by mesophilic digestion again to thermophilic fermentation, and total fermentation period is 6 days, is become thoroughly decomposed fully in material fermentation back.Add lime as alkaline sweetening agent in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sweetening agent accounts for 15% of mixture gross weight, after stirring material is left standstill 2 days.Utilize the solar energy drying mixture, dried material moisture reaches about 17%.Then material is sent into and produced the particle that particle diameter is 8mm in the tablets press.Adopt 200 ℃ of steam that particle is carried out the expansion drying activation treatment, to send into feed bin standby for particle after the flash distillation.The activation particle enters from feed bin in the coal gas desulfurization device, and the gas inlet temperature is about 200 ℃.The foul gas of Chan Shenging also is sent to and carries out purifying treatment in the gas cleaning device during the fermentation.Particle through desulfurization is discharged from the gas cleaning device afterbody, material is screened the back adopts heavy metal deactivator that particle is carried out Passivation Treatment, the heavy metal deactivator addition leaves standstill particle 30 hours after stirring for purifying 10% of back particle weight, at last packing.Through the particle that obtains after the above-mentioned technological process, as alkaline land soil modifying agent and plant growing fertilizer.
Embodiment 3:
Select urban domestic sewage sludge for use, the water ratio after the sludge dewatering is 80%, and its organic content is 60%.Add straw powder and flyash in dewatered sludge, wherein straw powder accounts for 8% of material gross weight, and flyash accounts for 40% of material gross weight, and mixture is stirred, and mixed material water ratio is 50%.Mixture sent into carry out microbial fermentation in the fermentation unit, material should generate heat by friction and biological sending out in fermentation unit, and the fermenting process of temperature, high temperature, middle temperature in the experience, the mesophilic digestion temperature is 25 ℃～45 ℃, the thermophilic fermentation temperature is 45 ℃～120 ℃.By the regulation and control of fermentation unit, material has the different residence time to the three phases of mesophilic digestion by mesophilic digestion again to thermophilic fermentation, and total fermentation period is 7 days, is become thoroughly decomposed fully in material fermentation back.Add iron powder as sweetening agent in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sweetening agent accounts for 5% of mixture gross weight, after stirring material is left standstill 1 day.Utilize the solar energy drying mixture, dried material moisture reaches about 15%.Then material is sent into and produced the particle that particle diameter is 3mm in the tablets press.Adopt 220 ℃ of steam that particle is carried out the expansion drying activation treatment, to send into feed bin standby for particle after the flash distillation.The activation particle enters from feed bin in the methane-desulfurizing device, and the biogas inlet temperature is about 30 ℃.The foul gas of Chan Shenging also is sent to and carries out purifying treatment in the marsh gas purifying device during the fermentation.Particle through desulfurization is discharged from marsh gas purifying device afterbody, material is screened the back adopts heavy metal deactivator that particle is carried out Passivation Treatment, the heavy metal deactivator addition leaves standstill particle 36 hours after stirring for purifying 5% of back particle weight, at last packing.Through the particle that obtains after the above-mentioned technological process, as alkaline land soil modifying agent and plant growing fertilizer.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method of utilizing mud flyash mixing granulation Purge gas and by-product of compound fertilizer is characterized in that comprising following concrete steps:
1) select urban domestic sewage sludge for use, the water ratio after the sludge dewatering is 50～85%; Add straw powder and flyash and stir in dewatered sludge, wherein straw powder accounts for 1～15% of material gross weight, and flyash accounts for 5～45% of material gross weight, and mixed material water ratio is 35～60%;
2) mixture is carried out microbial fermentation, make the fermenting process of temperature, high temperature, middle temperature in the material experience, the mesophilic digestion temperature is 25～45 ℃, and the thermophilic fermentation temperature is 45～120 ℃, and fermentation period is 3～8 days, is become thoroughly decomposed fully in material fermentation back;
3) add lime or iron powder in the material after fermentation as sweetening agent, sweetening agent accounts for 5～25% of material gross weight, after stirring material is left standstill 1～3 day;
4) with dry materials, making dried material water ratio is 10～28%; Then material is sent into granulation formation in the tablets press, grain diameter is 1～20mm;
5) adopt 100～250 ℃ steam that particle is carried out the expansion drying activation treatment, particle after the flash distillation is sent in the gas-cleaning installation, containing H
2S, SO
xAnd NO
xThe gas of objectionable impurities carries out the desulfurization removing nitric purifying treatment, and the gas feed temperature is 0～320 ℃;
6) will discharge from the device afterbody through the particle after the gas sweetening, the screening back adopts heavy metal deactivator to carry out Passivation Treatment, the heavy metal deactivator addition is for purifying 5～20% of back particle weight, after stirring particle was left standstill 24～36 hours, packing obtains the granular composite fertilizer as alkaline land soil modifying agent and plant growing then.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100286502A CN1331819C (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2006-07-06 | Process for manufacturing granular complex fertilizer from sludge and fly-ash by blending, granulation, and gas purification |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100286502A CN1331819C (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2006-07-06 | Process for manufacturing granular complex fertilizer from sludge and fly-ash by blending, granulation, and gas purification |
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| CN1884217A CN1884217A (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| CN1331819C true CN1331819C (en) | 2007-08-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102352257A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-02-15 | 张华武 | Method for producing saline-alkali soil improving agent by utilizing dewatered sludge of domestic sewage plant |
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| CN100434402C (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-11-19 | 上海交通大学 | Method for treating sulfur-heavy metal containing waste gas with by-product of compound fertilizer by humic acid |
| FI123396B (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2013-03-28 | Savaterra Oy | Method for producing fertilizer from sludge |
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| CN104429471A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 南开大学 | Method for planting green plants in saline-alkali soil with fermentation sludge |
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| CN106914214B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Gas cleaning adsorbent and reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method for the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil |
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| CN110484267A (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2019-11-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of mineral soil conditioner and preparation method thereof using flyash production |
| CN115057737B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-10-20 | 河北嘉邦农业科技有限公司 | Decomposition type compound fertilizer doped with humic acid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1284488A (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2001-02-21 | 史汉祥 | Production process of inorganic composite fertilizer with SO2 absorbing sludge |
| CN1314201A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | 朱南文 | Sludge desulfation method for fume |
| CN1537669A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | 上海交通大学 | Process for using mineralized garbag to clemaning fume by dry method and preparing compound fertilizer |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0361277A2 (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-04-04 | OFFICINE MECCANICHE FERRERO S.p.A. | Compost filter for continuous renewal of the filter bed for purification and deodorization of gaseous emissions during composting of solid urban and similar waste |
| CN1314201A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | 朱南文 | Sludge desulfation method for fume |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102352257A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-02-15 | 张华武 | Method for producing saline-alkali soil improving agent by utilizing dewatered sludge of domestic sewage plant |
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| CN1884217A (en) | 2006-12-27 |
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