CN115251028B - Method for treating spartina alterniflora through broken grass - Google Patents
Method for treating spartina alterniflora through broken grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN115251028B CN115251028B CN202210723542.6A CN202210723542A CN115251028B CN 115251028 B CN115251028 B CN 115251028B CN 202210723542 A CN202210723542 A CN 202210723542A CN 115251028 B CN115251028 B CN 115251028B
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- spartina alterniflora
- grass
- spartina
- alterniflora
- crushing
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- 241001149258 Sporobolus alterniflorus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001494499 Leersia oryzoides Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003675 Paspalum scrobiculatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494496 Leersia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014639 sexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/02—Apparatus for mechanical destruction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D44/00—Harvesting of underwater plants, e.g. harvesting of seaweed
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, and particularly relates to a method for treating spartina alterniflora by grass chopping. The method is characterized in that a crawler-type straw returning machine is used for repeatedly carrying out grass breaking treatment on the spartina alterniflora in the later stage of the nutritional growth period of the spartina alterniflora, photosynthesis and respiration of the spartina alterniflora are blocked, meanwhile, residual root stubbles after grass breaking are flooded through damp water to enable root systems to choked and die, and the spartina alterniflora in the region is treated for 1-2 years, so that the spartina alterniflora in the region is comprehensively killed. The method is simple and feasible, does not change the natural attribute of the beach, has small environmental impact, and the broken spartina alterniflora scraps cannot drift away along with tidal water to influence the nearby aquaculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, and particularly relates to a method for treating spartina alterniflora by grass chopping.
Background
The spartina alterniflora (Spartina alterniflora Loisel.) is a gramineous perennial herb native to the coastal of the Atlantic in North America, the plant is dense, the root system is developed, the introduction of the spartina alterniflora is started in 1979 of China, certain ecological benefits such as wave elimination and dike protection are obtained, but in most coastal areas, the ecological hazard is more, so the national environmental protection agency places the spartina alterniflora in the first foreign invasive species list of China in 2003. The method is characterized in that the spartina alterniflora is basically distributed in coastal provinces of China, including Taiwan provinces, in the North to Tianjin provinces of south to Hainan provinces, and the spartina alterniflora invasion threatens the native salt marsh and mangrove wetland ecosystem, so that the ecological function of the spartina alterniflora is reduced.
Since spartina alterniflora has strong environmental adaptability and invasion capacity, the invaded land is generally free of natural enemies, so that the spartina alterniflora is very difficult to control. The method for preventing and controlling spartina alterniflora comprises a physical method, a chemical method, a biological substitution method, a comprehensive treatment method and the like. Chemical methods are generally applied with pesticides, which may have pesticide residues, affecting tidal flats and offshore organisms, and biological alternative methods are generally lacking in effective indigenous organism species, and physical methods have low environmental impact although they have higher treatment costs, and generally do not have irreversible environmental impact, so single or comprehensive physical treatment methods are attracting attention in China.
Many of the existing treatments involve mowing spartina alterniflora, but mowing is problematic. Firstly, in large-scale treatment, the stubble left by mechanically mowing spartina alterniflora is generally higher than 10cm, and the treatment effect can be influenced; second, cut grass faces disposal problems, if not carried away, the grass will drift away with the sea water, possibly affecting the offshore or offshore aquaculture, and farmers will likely resort to compensation, bringing about an increase in treatment costs, if carried away, the cut rice grass is viable on hard beaches, but on mud beaches where the mud is very deep, even crawler-type machinery will likely be caught in the mud and not be able to work, therefore, the difficulty in transporting the rice grass is great, and the difficulty generally leads to high transportation costs. Therefore, when exploring and popularizing the spartina alterniflora treatment method, the feasibility and treatment cost of the method must be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling spartina alterniflora through broken grass.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method for controlling spartina alterniflora by grass crushing is characterized by comprising the following steps: and repeatedly crushing the spartina alterniflora by using a crawler-type straw returning machine in the later stage of the nutritional growth period of the spartina alterniflora, blocking photosynthesis and respiration of the spartina alterniflora, and simultaneously flooding residual root stubbles after crushing the spartina alterniflora by using damp water to suffocate root systems, so that the spartina alterniflora is treated for 1-2 years, and further, the spartina alterniflora in the area is comprehensively killed.
Further, at the middle and later stages of the nutritional growth of the spartina alterniflora, the caterpillar straw returning machine is continuously utilized for a plurality of times to break the spartina alterniflora overground plants, the photosynthesis and respiration of the plants are blocked, the channel of the spartina alterniflora for conveying oxygen to the root system through the stalk is cut off, and meanwhile, the root system is choked and dead by the residual root stubble after the break through the moist water flooding, so that the spartina alterniflora can be killed comprehensively after 1-2 years.
The middle and late stages of the nutrition growth of the spartina alterniflora are the beginning of 5 months to the middle of 6 months in the north, and the average height of the spartina alterniflora canopy is 40-60cm.
The grass breaking is to break the plants on the spartina alterniflora to be chipped, and the height of the remained stubble is lower than 3cm.
The repeated grass crushing treatment is that grass is crushed once every 15 days or so, and grass is crushed continuously for 4 to 5 times.
The grass breaking measures generally only need to treat for 1 year, and if a region with careless construction exists, grass breaking treatment can be performed again in the next year according to the same scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The method of the invention is in the middle and later stages of the nutrition growth period of the spartina alterniflora, at this time, the sprouting seedlings of the spartina alterniflora seeds are short and fragile, the capability of sprouting cloned seedlings of the root-like stems is basically fully exerted, the new root-like stems basically do not have the capability of sprouting seedlings, at this time, the spartina alterniflora is continuously crushed and destroyed for many times, photosynthesis, respiration and sexual reproduction can be blocked, and root system hypoxia and suffocation death are realized, thereby eradicating the spartina alterniflora, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Remarkable effect and strong adaptability
The method fully utilizes the growth and propagation characteristics of the spartina alterniflora, carries out continuous repeated grass breaking on the spartina alterniflora in a key period, has the treatment efficiency of 100% in the same year, and can completely kill the spartina alterniflora even in places with slightly poorer individual effects when being treated once again in the next year.
(2) Simple and easy to operate, and low in cost
The method is simple and easy to implement, the special equipment is utilized to crush spartina alterniflora, and compared with comprehensive physical methods such as mowing, flooding, mowing, turning and the like, the method basically does not need later maintenance, and has lower cost.
(3) Less influence on environment
The method is a physical treatment method, does not change the topography of the beach, and does not need sea application; the construction is carried out in the period of refund, the seawater quality is not affected, and compared with comprehensive physical measures such as mowing, flooding, mowing, turning and the like, the influence on benthonic animals is small; the uncritical spartina alterniflora can be decomposed each year, and the crushed spartina alterniflora scraps stay in situ to be decomposed, so that the influence on the seawater quality can not be obviously strengthened. In general, the process of the present invention is an environmentally friendly process.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not to be taken as limiting the invention. The examples are not intended to identify specific techniques or conditions which may be followed by those described in the literature in the field.
The sites of the following examples are located in the typical distribution area of spartina alterniflora in yellow river delta beach in eastern city of Shandong, the sites are affected by half daily tides, no water is accumulated on the ground during ebb, spartina alterniflora invades for about 5 years, and the average height of spartina alterniflora canopy in mature period is 120-140cm.
Examples
The method for controlling spartina alterniflora by crushing grass comprises the steps of selecting two adjacent areas, crushing spartina alterniflora land plants for the first time in the late 5 months (the height of the spartina alterniflora canopy is 40 cm) and the middle 6 months (the height of the spartina alterniflora canopy is 50 cm), crushing grass, carrying out crushing control on the spartina alterniflora seedlings which germinate again in the control area every 15 days, wherein the time for crushing grass for the last time is 7 months.
Meanwhile, two adjacent areas are selected from the treatment area, and are treated in the mode respectively in the late 6 month and the middle 7 month as a comparison.
The density of spartina alterniflora in the treated and untreated areas was periodically investigated and the effectiveness of spartina alterniflora treatment was assessed (table 1). In table 1, treatment effect = 1-milgrass density in treatment zone/milgrass density in control zone. As can be seen from the data in table 1: (1) The root stems generally germinate the seedlings again after the grass is crushed twice in the late 5 month and the early 6 month, the germination and the growth of the seedlings can quickly consume the nutrition of the root system, and the death of the root system under the choking stress is accelerated. (2) 3 times of continuous grass crushing from the late 5 th and the middle 6 th, the density of the spartina alterniflora is reduced from 268 plants/m 2 to 2 plants/m 2 after 30 days, and the density of the spartina alterniflora is 6 plants/m 2 after the treatment is completed at the end of the second year growing season, so that the spartina alterniflora cannot be completely killed after 3 times of continuous grass crushing, and the residual spartina alterniflora can reproduce and spread again; (3) All the spartina alterniflora is killed by 4 times of continuous crushing of the spartina alterniflora beginning in the late 5 th and the middle 6 th of the year until the end of the second year growing season and the investigation on the 460 th day after the treatment are finished, and no spartina alterniflora exists in the treatment area; (4) The grass breaking treatment is started in the late 6 th or the middle 7 th, all the spartina alterniflora cannot be killed for 3 times and 4 times, and the regeneration phenomenon is still caused after multiple grass breaking.
In order to ensure the spartina alterniflora treatment effect, the best grass chopping treatment scheme is as follows: during the period from the last ten days of 5 months to the middle ten days of 6 months, the first grass breaking treatment is started, and grass breaking is carried out once every 15 days, and grass breaking is carried out continuously for 4 times, so that all the spartina alterniflora can be killed, the treatment effect is durable, and the regenerated spartina alterniflora can not exist in the second year.
The density (plant/m 2) of the spartina alterniflora after the grass crushing method is treated
Claims (4)
1. A method for controlling spartina alterniflora by grass crushing is characterized by comprising the following steps: repeatedly crushing the spartina alterniflora by using a crawler-type straw returning machine at the later stage of the nutritional growth period of the spartina alterniflora, blocking photosynthesis and respiration of the spartina alterniflora, and simultaneously flooding residual root stubbles after crushing the spartina alterniflora by using damp water to suffocate root systems, wherein the spartina alterniflora is treated for 1-2 years, so that the spartina alterniflora in the area is comprehensively killed;
The middle and late stages of the nutrition growth of the spartina alterniflora are the beginning of 5 months to the middle of 6 months in the north, and the average height of the spartina alterniflora canopy is 40-60cm.
2. A method for controlling spartina alterniflora according to claim 1, wherein: at the middle and later stages of the nutritional growth of the spartina alterniflora, the crawler-type straw returning machine is continuously utilized for multiple times to break the plants on the spartina alterniflora, the photosynthesis and respiration of the plants are blocked, the channel of the spartina alterniflora for conveying oxygen to the root system through the stalk is cut off, meanwhile, the residual root stubble after breaking the grass floods the root system by means of damp water to suffocate the root system, the treatment is carried out for 1-2 years, and the spartina alterniflora can be comprehensively killed.
3. A method of controlling spartina alterniflora according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the grass breaking is to break the plants on the spartina alterniflora to be chipped, and the height of the remained stubble is lower than 3cm.
4. A method of controlling spartina alterniflora according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the repeated grass crushing treatment is that grass is crushed once every 15 days or so, and grass is crushed continuously for 4 to 5 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210723542.6A CN115251028B (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Method for treating spartina alterniflora through broken grass |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210723542.6A CN115251028B (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Method for treating spartina alterniflora through broken grass |
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| CN115251028A CN115251028A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
| CN115251028B true CN115251028B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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2022
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| CN115251028A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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