CN115250968A - Indoor seedling growing method for Dongxiang spots - Google Patents
Indoor seedling growing method for Dongxiang spots Download PDFInfo
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- CN115250968A CN115250968A CN202210800228.3A CN202210800228A CN115250968A CN 115250968 A CN115250968 A CN 115250968A CN 202210800228 A CN202210800228 A CN 202210800228A CN 115250968 A CN115250968 A CN 115250968A
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- parts
- feeding
- chlorella
- fry
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The application discloses an indoor seedling raising method for Dongxiang spots, which comprises the steps of seedling raising pool preparation, bait pre-feeding, fry feeding and feed feeding. According to the method, the water quality of the nursery pond is intervened by pre-feeding baits, and the small ecology of the nursery pond more suitable for the survival of newly hatched larvae is established; the east star spot fry is subjected to specification screening discontinuously, so that mutual killing of the fry is avoided; the eastern star spot fry can gradually adapt to the conversion between feeds without stress reaction by gradually transitioning from the rotifer/fairy shrimp and the chlorella to the artificial feed and the chlorella and then to the pure artificial feed, thereby promoting the growth of the eastern star spot fry and improving the survival rate of the eastern star spot fry. In addition, lentinan and a common lantern plant extract are added into the artificial feed, and have a synergistic effect on the growth and the immunity of the east star spotted fry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to an indoor seedling raising method for east star spots.
Background
East star spot, the academic name Plectropomus leporadus, belongs to the order Perciformes, the family Epinepheles, the genus Perciformes, and belongs to the genus Lateolabrax. The Dongxiang spots are carnivorous fishes, are fiercely predated, have snow and white meat quality, are tender and smooth in taste, have the nutritional characteristics of high protein, low fat and low cholesterol, are deeply loved by wide consumers due to gorgeous colors and high ornamental value, and have wide market prospects.
But still has some problems which restrict the development of the east star spot industry. Firstly, carnivorous fish has low digestive intestinal amylase activity, insufficient plasma insulin, and insensitive insulin gene transcription to glucose stimulation, so that the feed cannot be efficiently utilized and converted, and therefore, the research and development of the Dongxiang spot starter feed have certain difficulty. Secondly, most of domestic seedling farms use biological baits such as oyster fertilized eggs, rotifers, fairy shrimp, copepods and the like for seedling cultivation, on one hand, the biological baits are limited by supply problems, and the yield of the biological baits is influenced by water temperature, weather and water quality change, on the other hand, the biological baits carry pathogenic bacteria and are easy to infect the fries with low disease resistance, so that the fries die in a large scale and huge economic loss is caused. Thirdly, the east star spots are easy to be mutually disabled in the seedling stage, and are particularly seriously mutually disabled in different sizes, so that the survival rate of the east star spots is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide an indoor seedling raising method for the east star spotted maigre, which can promote the growth of the east star spotted maigre, improve the immunity of the east star spotted maigre and further improve the survival rate of the east star spotted maigre.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an indoor seedling raising method of Dongxiang spots sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: sterilizing the seedling raising pond, and injecting water to the depth of 1.0-1.5m (2.0-5.0 m per 2.0 m)2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling culture pond are in a half-boiled running water state to stimulate the activity of the east starfish fry, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33, and the pH is 7.5-8.0;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 50-100 ten thousand cells/ml; before the larval fish is put in, the purpose of pre-feeding bait is to intervene the water quality and establish a small ecology of a nursery pond more suitable for the survival of the newly hatched larval fish. The purpose of putting chlorella is as follows: the feed can be used as food of rotifers, so that the activity of the rotifers is ensured, and the newly hatched fries are induced to eat so as to improve the eating capacity of the fries; secondly, the chlorella can improve the water quality of the seedling pool; thirdly, the chlorella can be directly used as food for the larval fish, and is rich in protein and generates various vitamin and mineral elements; the rotifer larvae and the chlorella can ensure comprehensive nutrition of the newly hatched larva.
(3) Feeding the fry: feeding disinfected and screened 2-3-day-old hatched fries 12-24 hours after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella vulgaris in the step (2);
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella after 4-6 days of age of the fry and before 15-18 days of age of the fry, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 80-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and feeding is carried out once every 1-2 hours;
feeding artificial feed and chlorella after the fry age of 15-18 days and before the fry age of 30-35 days, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The density of the chlorella is 80-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 3-4 times per day;
feeding artificial feed after 30-35 days of fry, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 3-4 times per day.
The chlorella can be used as the nutrition supplement of the larval fish before the artificial feed is fed, and in addition, the dongxiangyao larval fish can gradually adapt to the conversion between feeds without stress reaction through gradual transition from the rotifer/fairy shrimp and the chlorella to the artificial feed and the chlorella to the pure artificial feed.
The further technical proposal is that step (3) puts 1-2mm of newly hatched larval fish in the A breeding pond with the putting density of 2-4 ten thousand/m2(ii) a 2-3mm of newly hatched larval fish is put into the B breeding pond with the putting density of 1-3 ten thousand/m2。
The further technical scheme is that the artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of shrimp meal, 10-20 parts of copepods, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 5-10 parts of corn oil, 2-3 parts of compound vitamin, 3-5 parts of compound mineral salt and 1-3 parts of compound immunopotentiator.
The further technical scheme is that the compound immunopotentiator comprises, by weight, 5-8 parts of lentinan and 2-3 parts of a downy groundcherry fruit extract. The aqueous solution of lentinan is transparent and viscous, can well adhere the raw materials of the artificial feed together, ensures the cohesiveness of the artificial feed, is not easy to disperse in water to pollute the water, and can obviously improve the immunity of the east star-shaped fry. The preparation method of the downy groundcherry (scientific name: clinopodium polycephalum) extract comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the common lantern plant extract comprises the steps of adding the common lantern plant into ethanol with the mass concentration of 70% according to the material-liquid ratio of 5, carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 2 hours at 75 ℃ under 200W for 3 times, combining the 3 times of extract, and filtering through a 0.45um filter membrane to obtain the common lantern plant extract.
The application puts the downy groundcherry extracts into the feed in a feed form, so that the downy groundcherry extracts can directly act on pathogenic bacteria in water, inhibit the growth of the pathogenic bacteria, control or reduce the number of the pathogenic bacteria, or directly kill the pathogenic bacteria, improve the immune function of eastern star spots, and improve the immunity and survival rate of the eastern star spots.
The further technical proposal is that the compound vitamin comprises 15 to 20 weight portions of vitamin C, 10 to 15 weight portions of vitamin E and 5 to 8 weight portions of vitamin A.
The further technical scheme is that the compound mineral salt comprises calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper.
The further technical proposal is that,
the molar ratio of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper in the composite mineral salt is (1) from 0.5 to 1.
The further technical scheme is that the larval fish is screened once every 2-4 days from the age of 30 days of the larval fish, the larval fish with different specifications are separately fed, and the length difference of the larval fish with each specification is within 6.5-10.5 mm. Through screening the east star-spot fry, the fry of the same specification are similar in length, and the phenomenon that the fries are killed mutually is greatly reduced. The used tool for screening is a fish sieve which can be a bamboo fish sieve, a stainless steel fish sieve or a plastic fish sieve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method, the bait is pre-thrown to intervene in the water quality of the fry raising pool, the fry raising pool microecology more suitable for the survival of the newly-hatched fries is established, the stress response of the newly-hatched fries is reduced, and therefore the survival rate of the newly-hatched fries is improved.
(2) According to the method, the east-star-spot fry are subjected to specification screening discontinuously, mutual killing of the fry is avoided, and the east-star-spot fry can adapt to conversion between feeds gradually through gradual transition from rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella to artificial feed and chlorella and then to pure artificial feed, so that stress reaction is avoided, and the survival rate of the east-star-spot fry is further improved.
(3) According to the application, lentinan and a peruvian groundcherry herb extract are added into an artificial feed, and have a synergistic effect of promoting the growth and the immunity of the eastern star spotted fry.
Detailed Description
For clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the present invention, it is obvious that the inventor combines the embodiments to describe, but the following embodiments describe only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Tools of the present applicationThe practical implementation part comprises eight treatment items including examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-5, and the specific implementation site is in south village morning Seisakuchen City of east City of Hainan province, wherein the seedling raising pond area of each treatment item is 4m × 4m (i.e. 16 m)2)。
Example 1
An indoor seedling raising method of the Dongxiang spots sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: after the nursery pond is disinfected, injecting water to the depth of 1.0m, every 2.0-5.0m2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling raising pond are in a half-boiled water state, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33, and the pH is 7.5-8.0;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 50-70 ten thousand cells/ml;
(3) Feeding the fry: feeding disinfected and screened 2-day-old hatched fries 12 hours after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella in the step (2);
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella after 4 days of age of the fry and before 15 days of age of the fry, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 80-100 ten thousand cells/ml, and feeding is carried out once every 1 h;
feeding artificial feed and chlorella after the 15-day-old and before the 30-day-old of the young fish, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.06g/m2The density of the chlorella is 80-100 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 3 times every day;
feeding artificial feed after 30 days of age of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.08g/m2Feeding for 4 times per day.
The 2-day-old newly-hatched larval fish putting and selecting method comprises the following steps: the young fish with the thickness of 1-2mm is put in the A breeding pond with the putting density of 2-4 ten thousand/m2(ii) a 2-3mm of newly hatched larval fish is put into the B breeding pond with the putting density of 1-3 ten thousand/m2。
The artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of shrimp meal, 10 parts of copepods, 10 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 5 parts of corn oil, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 3 parts of compound mineral salt and 1 part of compound immunopotentiator. The compound immunopotentiator comprises, by weight, 5 parts of lentinan and 2 parts of a common lantern plant extract. The compound vitamin comprises 15 parts by weight of vitamin C, 10 parts by weight of vitamin E and 5 parts by weight of vitamin A.
The molar ratio of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper in the composite mineral salt is 1.
The larval fish is screened once every 2 to 4 days from the age of 30 days of the larval fish, and the length of the larval fish of each specification is within 6.5 to 8.5 mm.
Example 2
An indoor seedling raising method of Dongxiang spots sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: disinfecting the seedling raising pond, and injecting water to a depth of 1.0m, 2.0-5.0m per pond2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling culture pond are in a half-boiled running water state, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33, and the pH is 7.5-8.0;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 80-100 ten thousand cells/ml;
(3) Feeding the fry: 24 hours after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella in the step (2), feeding sterilized and screened 3-day-old pre-hatched fries;
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairyland chlorella after the 6-day-old larva and before the 18-day-old larva, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairyland is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 120-150 million cells/ml, and feeding once every 2 h;
feeding artificial feed and chlorella after 18 days and before 35 days of age of the larva fish, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The density of the chlorella is 120-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 4 times every day;
feeding artificial feed after 35 days old of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 3 times per day.
The 3-day-old thrown fry screening method in the step (3) comprises the following steps: throwing in the A seedling raising pondPlacing 1-2mm of newly hatched larval fish with the feeding density of 2-4 ten thousand/m2(ii) a Putting 2-3mm of newly hatched larval fish in the B seedling pool, wherein the putting density is 1-3 ten thousand per meter2。
The artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of shrimp meal, 20 parts of copepods, 20 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 10 parts of corn oil, 3 parts of compound vitamin, 5 parts of compound mineral salt and 3 parts of compound immunopotentiator. The compound immunopotentiator comprises 8 parts of lentinan and 3 parts of a common lantern plant extract in parts by weight. The compound vitamin comprises 20 parts by weight of vitamin C, 15 parts by weight of vitamin E and 8 parts by weight of vitamin A.
The molar ratio of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper in the composite mineral salt is 1.
The larval fish is screened once every 2 to 4 days from the age of 30 days of the larval fish, the larval fish with different specifications are separately fed, and the length difference of the larval fish with each specification is within 6.5 to 10.5 mm.
Example 3
An indoor seedling raising method of the Dongxiang spots sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: disinfecting the seedling raising pond, and injecting water to a depth of 1.2m, wherein each 3.0m2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling culture pond are in a semi-boiling running water state, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 18-23, and the pH is 6.5-7.3;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 60-80 ten thousand cells/ml;
(3) Feeding the fry: 18h after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella in the step (2), feeding disinfected and screened 3-day-old newly hatched fries;
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella after 6 days of age of the fry and before 18 days of age of the fry, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 100-120 ten thousand cells/ml, and feeding is carried out once every 2 hours;
feeding artificial feed and chlorella after 18 days and before 35 days of age of the larvaThe density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The density of the chlorella is 100-120 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 3-4 times per day;
feeding artificial feed after 35 days old of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 4 times per day.
The 3-day-old newly-hatched fries sorting method comprises the following steps: putting 1-2mm of newly hatched larval fish in the A breeding pond, wherein the putting density is 2-4 ten thousand per meter2(ii) a Putting 2-3mm of newly hatched larval fish in the B seedling pool, wherein the putting density is 1-3 ten thousand per meter2。
The artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of shrimp meal, 15 parts of copepods, 15 parts of soybean meal, 2.0 parts of soybean lecithin, 8 parts of corn oil, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 5 parts of compound mineral salt and 3 parts of compound immunopotentiator. The compound immunopotentiator comprises 6 parts of lentinan and 3 parts of a common lantern plant extract in parts by weight. The compound vitamin comprises 18 parts of vitamin C, 12 parts of vitamin E and 7 parts of vitamin A.
The molar ratio of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper in the composite mineral salt is 1.
The larval fish is screened once every 3 days from the age of 30 days of the larval fish, the larval fish with different specifications are separately bred, and the length difference of the larval fish with each specification is within 8.5-9.5 mm.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 2, the compound immunopotentiator is only lentinan, and no downy groundcherry fruit extract is available. The artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of shrimp meal, 20 parts of copepods, 20 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 10 parts of corn oil, 3 parts of compound vitamin, 5 parts of compound mineral salt and 3 parts of lentinan. The other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 2, the compound immunopotentiator is only the peruvian groundcherry herb extract, and does not contain lentinan. Namely, the artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of shrimp meal, 20 parts of copepods, 20 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 10 parts of corn oil, 3 parts of compound vitamin, 5 parts of compound mineral salt and 3 parts of lantern plant extract. The other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 2, in the step (4), the rotifer/fairy shrimp and the chlorella are fed after the 6-day-old larva fishes and before the 18-day-old larva fishes, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 120-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and the feeding is carried out once every 2 hours;
feeding artificial feed after 18 days and before 35 days of the fry, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The density of the chlorella is 120-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 4 times every day;
feeding artificial feed after 35 days of age of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 3 times per day. The other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 4
An indoor seedling raising method of the Dongxiang spots sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: disinfecting the seedling raising pond, and injecting water to a depth of 1.5m, wherein each 3.0m2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling culture pond are in a semi-boiling running water state, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 18-23, and the pH is 6.5-7.3;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 80-100 ten thousand cells/ml;
(3) Feeding the fry: 24 hours after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella in the step (2), feeding sterilized and screened 3-day-old pre-hatched fries;
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella after 6 days of age of the fry and before 18 days of age of the fry, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 120-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and feeding is carried out once every 2 hours;
feeding artificial feed and chlorella after 18 days and before 35 days of age of the larva fish, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The chlorella is administered daily at a density of 120-150 ten thousand cells/mlFeeding for 4 times;
feeding artificial feed after 35 days of age of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 3 times per day.
Step (3) the larval fish is thrown in the density of 3 ten thousand/m2。
The artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of shrimp meal, 20 parts of copepods, 20 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 10 parts of corn oil, 3 parts of compound vitamin, 5 parts of compound mineral salt and 3 parts of compound immunopotentiator. The compound immunopotentiator comprises 8 parts of lentinan and 3 parts of a common lantern plant extract in parts by weight. The compound vitamin comprises 20 parts of vitamin C, 15 parts of vitamin E and 8 parts of vitamin A. The compound mineral salt comprises calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper.
Comparative example 5
In comparison to example 2, eastern star spots were grown in outdoor ponds, otherwise identical to example 2.
East Star Spot growth and survival test
6 treatment items in total of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were bred, and the average body length and the survival rate of 40-day-old eastern star spot fish, which is the ratio of the number of 40-day-old fish fries to the number of 2-or 3-day-old fish fries, were compared.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the average body length of 40-day-old eastern star spot fries cultured in examples 1-3 was between 3.338-3.382cm, and the average survival rate was 34.68%. As is clear from comparison of example 2 with comparative examples 1-2, the average body length of the eastern star spot fry bred in example 2 is larger than that of comparative examples 1-2, suggesting that lentinan and the lantern plant extract can synergistically promote the growth of the eastern star spot fry; the survival rate of the eastern star grass fry bred in the example 2 is higher than that of the comparative examples 1-2, which also shows that the lentinan and the downy groundcherry fruit extract can synergistically promote the growth of the eastern star grass fry, and reflects that the lentinan and the downy groundcherry fruit extract can synergistically improve the immunity of the eastern star grass fry. Comparative example 4 where the screening of eastern star grass fry was not performed, the survival rate of the eastern star grass fry of 40 days old was significantly lower than that of example 2, and it was seen that the screening of fry could avoid the phenomenon that the larval fish could kill the small fish with the large fish due to the difference in size of the fry. As is clear from comparative example 5, although the various conditions for raising seedlings were the same as in example 2, the outdoor environment had a great influence on the organisms such as the rotifer larvae and the chlorella in the previous stage, the death phenomenon of the rotifer larvae and the chlorella increased, the feeding of the eastern star spotted fry was affected, and the growth and survival of the eastern star fry were seriously affected due to insufficient food supply and deterioration of water quality, and the killing between fries occurred.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. An indoor seedling raising method of Dongxiang spots is characterized in that: the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising pond: sterilizing the seedling raising pond, and injecting water to the depth of 1.0-1.5m (2.0-5.0 m per 2.0 m)2One aeration stone, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the seedling culture pond are in a half-boiled running water state, the water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33, and the pH is 7.5-8.0;
(2) Pre-feeding bait: putting rotifer larvae and chlorella, wherein the density of the rotifer larvae is 4-6/ml, and the density of the chlorella is 50-100 ten thousand cells/ml;
(3) Feeding the fry: after feeding rotifer larvae and chlorella for 12-24h in the step (2), feeding disinfected and screened 2-3-day-old newly hatched fries;
(4) Feeding feed:
feeding rotifer/fairy shrimp and chlorella after 4-6 days of age of the fry and before 15-18 days of age of the fry, wherein the density of the rotifer/fairy shrimp is 5-8/ml, the density of the chlorella is 80-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and feeding is carried out once every 1-2 hours;
feeding artificial feed and Chlorella after the 15-18 days old and before the 30-35 days old of the young fish, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.04-0.08g/m2The density of the chlorella is 80-150 ten thousand cells/ml, and the chlorella is fed for 3-4 times per day;
feeding artificial feed after 30-35 days old of the fish fries, wherein the density of the artificial feed is 0.06-0.15g/m2Feeding 3-4 times per day.
2. The indoor seedling raising method for the east star spot according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the disinfection method of the disinfected 2-3 days old newly hatched fries in the step (3) is to soak and disinfect the 2-3 days old newly hatched fries in fresh water for 10-30min.
3. The indoor seedling raising method of the east star spot as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screening method for the 2-3-day-old newly-hatched fries in the step (3) comprises the following steps: putting 1-2mm of newly hatched larval fish in the A breeding pond, wherein the putting density is 2-4 ten thousand per meter2(ii) a 2-3mm of newly hatched larval fish is put into the B breeding pond with the putting density of 1-3 ten thousand/m2。
4. The indoor seedling raising method of the east star spot as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the artificial feed raw material formula in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of shrimp meal, 10-20 parts of copepods, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 5-10 parts of corn oil, 2-3 parts of compound vitamins, 3-5 parts of compound mineral salts and 1-3 parts of compound immunopotentiators.
5. The indoor seedling raising method for the east star spot according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the composite immunopotentiator comprises, by weight, 5-8 parts of lentinan and 2-3 parts of a downy groundcherry fruit extract.
6. The indoor seedling raising method for the east star spot according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the compound vitamin comprises 15-20 parts of vitamin C, 10-15 parts of vitamin E and 5-8 parts of vitamin A.
7. The indoor seedling raising method of the east star spot as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the compound mineral salt comprises calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper.
8. The indoor seedling raising method for the east star spot according to claim 7, characterized in that: the molar ratio of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and copper in the composite mineral salt is (1) from 0.5 to 1.
9. The indoor seedling raising method for the east star spot according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the larval fish is screened once every 2 to 4 days from the age of 30 days of the larval fish, the larval fish with different specifications are separately fed, and the length difference of the larval fish with each specification is within 6.5 to 10.5 mm.
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