CN115231972A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115231972A CN115231972A CN202210928863.XA CN202210928863A CN115231972A CN 115231972 A CN115231972 A CN 115231972A CN 202210928863 A CN202210928863 A CN 202210928863A CN 115231972 A CN115231972 A CN 115231972A
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011272 standard treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014594 pastries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation. According to the invention, the kitchen waste is subjected to oil-water separation and then subjected to anaerobic fermentation, biogas residues and organic solid waste are mixed together for aerobic composting fermentation, biogas slurry and leachate generated by aerobic fermentation are concentrated by a forward osmosis system, and a solid-liquid mixture generated by forward osmosis concentration, an organic fertilizer fermented by aerobic composting and auxiliary materials are mixed and compounded and then granulated and dried, so that an organic fertilizer product is formed, the biogas slurry is prevented from being subjected to biochemical treatment, pure water is recovered, the complete resource utilization of the kitchen waste is realized, the treatment cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved. The invention organically integrates an anaerobic fermentation system, a forward osmosis treatment system and an aerobic composting fermentation system, simultaneously solves the problem of recycling of biogas residues, realizes complete recycling of kitchen waste, reduces the cost, improves the economic benefit and has the technical characteristics of environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation.
Background
The kitchen waste is from food residues in the catering industry and processing process wastes of fruits, vegetables, meat, grease, pastry and the like in a kitchen; the easily-rotten organic garbage such as fruits and vegetables, food leftover materials, leftovers, melon and fruit peels and the like discarded in daily life of a family. The kitchen waste is a main component in the urban waste, the proportion of the kitchen waste in the household waste is more than 50%, and the annual production amount of the national kitchen waste is more than 2.5 hundred million tons. The kitchen waste has huge yield, and how to treat the kitchen waste is a big thing for protecting the environment and utilizing resources.
The traditional treatment method of the kitchen waste is landfill and incineration treatment. The kitchen waste is subjected to landfill treatment, so that not only can a large amount of garbage percolate be generated, but also greenhouse gas and harmful gas are generated, and secondary environmental pollution is caused. The kitchen waste is treated by adopting an incineration method, so that the heat value of the mixed waste is reduced, the generated energy is reduced, even the normal and continuous operation of the incineration process is interfered, and the environmental pollution is easily caused.
At present, anaerobic fermentation is a common treatment method for kitchen waste, but has many disadvantages. The biogas slurry of anaerobic fermentation enters garbage leachate for treatment, the biogas residues and the household garbage are subjected to mixed incineration treatment, resource utilization is not realized, the biogas slurry is treated by a leachate system, and concentrated phase liquid is prepared into lime milk and enters fly ash through flue gas desulfurization, so that the fly ash has high salt content and is difficult to utilize resource, and secondary environmental pollution is caused. Therefore, the kitchen waste treatment faces the problems of secondary environmental pollution, low resource utilization rate, high cost, poor benefit and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation, and aims to solve the problems that the kitchen waste is polluted secondarily and the resource utilization rate is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing impurities from the kitchen waste, crushing, and separating to form a solid-liquid mixture and an oil-water mixture;
(2) Performing oil-water separation on the oil-water mixture obtained in the step (1) to form crude oil and wastewater, and mixing the wastewater with the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (1) for anaerobic fermentation;
(3) Performing solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture after the anaerobic fermentation is completed, separating biogas residues and biogas slurry, and introducing the biogas slurry into a forward osmosis system for concentration;
(4) Mixing the biogas residues obtained in the step (3), the crushed organic solid waste and a compost fermentation microbial inoculum, and then carrying out aerobic compost fermentation, wherein leachate generated by the aerobic compost fermentation is introduced into the forward osmosis system obtained in the step (3) for concentration;
(5) Mixing and compounding the organic fertilizer fermented by the aerobic composting in the step (4) with a solid-liquid mixture generated by concentration of a forward osmosis system and auxiliary materials, granulating and drying, and forming an organic fertilizer product after passing inspection;
(6) Carrying out reverse osmosis concentration on the driving liquid of the forward osmosis system in the step (3), returning the concentrated phase liquid to the forward osmosis system to continue forward osmosis driving, and recycling pure water;
(7) And (4) carrying out standard treatment on the waste gas generated by the aerobic composting fermentation in the step (4).
The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: in practical application, after the kitchen waste is subjected to anaerobic fermentation, biogas residues and organic solid waste are mixed together for aerobic composting fermentation, heat generated by the aerobic fermentation can evaporate redundant moisture of compost materials, biogas slurry and leachate generated by the aerobic fermentation are concentrated through a forward osmosis system, a solid-liquid mixture generated by the forward osmosis concentration, an organic fertilizer after the aerobic composting fermentation and auxiliary materials are mixed and compounded, and then granulation and drying are carried out to form an organic fertilizer product, so that the problem of outward selling of the biogas slurry is solved, the biogas slurry is prevented from being subjected to biochemical treatment, pure water is recovered, complete recycling of the kitchen waste is realized, the treatment cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved. The invention organically integrates an anaerobic fermentation system, a forward osmosis treatment system and an aerobic composting fermentation system, simultaneously solves the problem of recycling of biogas residues, realizes complete recycling of kitchen waste, reduces the cost, improves the economic benefit and has the technical characteristics of environmental protection.
Preferably, as a modification, the driving liquid in step (6) is one or more aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, as an improvement, the auxiliary materials in the step (5) are materials required by organic fertilizer products, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, pyrolytic carbon, medium and micro fertilizer required by plants and beneficial bacteria.
Preferably, as an improvement, in the step (4), each kilogram of compost fermentation inoculum corresponds to 1-5 tons of organic solid wastes.
Preferably, as an improvement, in the step (4), each kilogram of compost fermentation inoculum corresponds to 3-4 tons of organic solid wastes.
Preferably, as a modification, the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture generated by the concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (5) is 10-30%.
Preferably, as a modification, the concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (5) produces a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 20%.
Preferably, as an improvement, the forward osmosis membrane used in the forward osmosis system is a flat forward osmosis membrane, a hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane, a disc forward osmosis membrane or a roll forward osmosis membrane.
Preferably, as an improvement, the crude oil after oil-water separation in the step (2) is further processed.
Preferably, as an improvement, the biogas generated by the anaerobic fermentation in the step (2) is utilized as biogas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
example 1 is substantially as shown in figure 1:
a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing impurities from the collected kitchen waste (including food waste, kitchen waste and fruit and vegetable waste), crushing, and separating to form a solid-liquid mixture and an oil-water mixture;
(2) Performing oil-water separation on the oil-water mixture obtained in the step (1) to form crude oil and wastewater, mixing the deoiled wastewater with the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (1), and performing anaerobic fermentation;
(3) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture after the anaerobic fermentation is completed, and separating biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(4) Mixing the biogas residues obtained in the step (3), the crushed organic solid waste and a compost fermentation microbial inoculum, and then carrying out aerobic compost fermentation, wherein leachate generated by an aerobic compost fermentation system and biogas slurry obtained in the step (3) enter a forward osmosis system for concentration;
(5) Mixing and compounding the organic fertilizer fermented by aerobic composting, the solid-liquid mixture generated by concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (4) and auxiliary materials, and then granulating and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer product after inspection is qualified;
(6) Performing reverse osmosis concentration on the dilute driving liquid of the forward osmosis system in the step (4), returning the concentrated phase liquid to the forward osmosis system to continue forward osmosis driving, and recycling pure water;
(7) Carrying out standard treatment on the waste gas generated by the aerobic composting fermentation in the step (4);
(8) Further processing the crude oil after the oil-water separation in the step (2);
(9) And (3) carrying out biogas utilization on biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation in the step (2).
According to the step (4), the organic solid wastes are crushed straws and livestock and poultry manure.
According to the step (4), the forward osmosis membrane used by the forward osmosis system is a flat forward osmosis membrane.
According to the step (4), the driving liquid used by the forward osmosis system is an ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution.
According to the step (5), the auxiliary materials are a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer.
According to the step (4), the using amount of the compost fermentation bacteria is 3-4 tons of fermentation materials per kilogram.
According to the step (4), the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture formed by forward osmosis concentration of the biogas slurry and leachate mixture is 20%.
According to the step (5), the organic fertilizer product is an inorganic-organic compound fertilizer product.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing impurities from the collected kitchen waste, crushing, and separating to form a solid-liquid mixture and an oil-water mixture;
(2) Performing oil-water separation on the oil-water mixture obtained in the step (1) to form crude oil and wastewater, mixing the deoiled wastewater with the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (1), and performing anaerobic fermentation;
(3) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture after the anaerobic fermentation is completed, and separating biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(4) Mixing the biogas residues obtained in the step (3), a proper amount of crushed organic solid waste and a compost fermentation microbial inoculum, and then carrying out aerobic compost fermentation, wherein leachate generated by an aerobic compost fermentation system and biogas slurry obtained in the step (3) enter a forward osmosis system for concentration;
(5) Mixing and compounding the organic fertilizer fermented by aerobic composting, the solid-liquid mixture generated by concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (4) and auxiliary materials, and then granulating and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer product after inspection is qualified;
(6) Carrying out reverse osmosis concentration on the dilute driving liquid of the forward osmosis system in the step (4), returning the concentrated phase liquid to the forward osmosis system to continue forward osmosis driving, and recycling pure water;
(7) Carrying out standard treatment on the waste gas generated by the aerobic composting fermentation in the step (4);
(8) Further processing the crude oil after the oil-water separation in the step (2);
(9) And (3) carrying out biogas utilization on biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation in the step (2).
According to the step (1), the kitchen waste is kitchen waste.
According to the step (4), the organic solid waste is crushed mushroom dregs and livestock and poultry manure.
According to the step (4), the forward osmosis membrane used by the forward osmosis system is a hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane.
According to the step (4), the driving liquid used by the forward osmosis system is a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate.
According to the step (5), the auxiliary materials are biological beneficial bacteria.
According to the step (4), the using amount of the compost fermentation bacteria is 2-3 tons of fermentation materials per kilogram.
According to the step (4), the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture formed by forward osmosis concentration of the biogas slurry and leachate mixture is 20%.
According to the step (5), the organic fertilizer product is a biological organic fertilizer product.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing impurities from the collected kitchen waste, crushing, and separating to form a solid-liquid mixture and an oil-water mixture;
(2) Performing oil-water separation on the oil-water mixture obtained in the step (1) to form crude oil and wastewater, mixing the deoiled wastewater with the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (1), and performing anaerobic fermentation;
(3) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture after the anaerobic fermentation is completed, and separating biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(4) Mixing the biogas residues obtained in the step (3), a proper amount of crushed organic solid waste and a compost fermentation microbial inoculum for aerobic compost fermentation, and allowing leachate generated by an aerobic compost fermentation system and the biogas slurry obtained in the step (3) to enter a forward osmosis system for concentration;
(5) Mixing and compounding the organic fertilizer fermented by aerobic composting, the solid-liquid mixture generated by concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (4) and auxiliary materials, and then granulating and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer product after inspection is qualified;
(6) Carrying out reverse osmosis concentration on the dilute driving liquid of the forward osmosis system in the step (4), returning the concentrated phase liquid to the forward osmosis system to continue forward osmosis driving, and recycling pure water;
(7) Carrying out standard treatment on the waste gas generated by the aerobic composting fermentation in the step (4);
(8) Further processing the crude oil after the oil-water separation in the step (2);
(9) And (3) utilizing the biogas generated by the anaerobic fermentation in the step (2).
According to the step (1), the kitchen waste is food waste.
And (4) according to the step (4), the organic solid waste is fruit and vegetable waste crushed in farmer supermarkets.
According to the step (4), the forward osmosis membrane used by the forward osmosis system is a disc-type forward osmosis membrane.
According to the step (4), the driving liquid used by the forward osmosis system is an ammonium chloride mixed aqueous solution.
According to the step (5), the nitrogen fertilizer in the auxiliary materials is ammonium sulfate, the phosphate fertilizer is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate.
According to the step (4), the using amount of the compost fermentation bacteria is 3-4 tons of fermentation materials per kilogram.
According to the step (4), the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture formed by forward osmosis concentration of the biogas slurry and leachate mixture is 15%.
According to the step (5), the organic fertilizer product is an inorganic-organic compound fertilizer product.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and the general knowledge of the known specific technical solutions and/or characteristics and the like in the solutions is not described herein too much. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, and unless otherwise specifically specified and limited, specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as specific conditions by those skilled in the art. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Removing impurities from the kitchen waste, crushing, and separating to form a solid-liquid mixture and an oil-water mixture;
(2) Performing oil-water separation on the oil-water mixture obtained in the step (1) to form crude oil and wastewater, and mixing the wastewater with the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (1) for anaerobic fermentation;
(3) Performing solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture after the anaerobic fermentation is completed, separating biogas residues and biogas slurry, and introducing the biogas slurry into a forward osmosis system for concentration;
(4) Mixing the biogas residues obtained in the step (3), the crushed organic solid waste and a compost fermentation microbial inoculum, and then carrying out aerobic compost fermentation,
introducing percolate generated by aerobic composting fermentation into the forward osmosis system in the step (3) for concentration;
(5) Mixing and compounding the organic fertilizer fermented by aerobic composting in the step (4), a solid-liquid mixture generated by concentration of a forward osmosis system and auxiliary materials, granulating and drying, and forming an organic fertilizer product after inspection is qualified;
(6) Carrying out reverse osmosis concentration on the driving liquid of the forward osmosis system in the step (3), returning the concentrated phase liquid to the forward osmosis system to continue forward osmosis driving, and recycling pure water;
(7) And (4) carrying out standard treatment on the waste gas generated by the aerobic composting fermentation in the step (4).
2. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) the driving liquid in the step (6) is one or more aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the auxiliary materials in the step (5) are materials required by organic fertilizer products, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, pyrolytic carbon, medium and micro fertilizers required by plants and beneficial bacteria.
4. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (4), each kilogram of compost fermentation bacteria corresponds to 1-5 tons of organic solid waste.
5. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (4), each kilogram of compost fermentation bacteria corresponds to 3-4 tons of organic solid wastes.
6. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture generated by the concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (5) is 10-30%.
7. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the solid content of the solid-liquid mixture generated by the concentration of the forward osmosis system in the step (5) is 20%.
8. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the forward osmosis membrane used by the forward osmosis system is a flat plate forward osmosis membrane or a hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane or a disc type forward osmosis membrane or a roll forward osmosis membrane.
9. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) further processing the crude oil after the oil-water separation in the step (2).
10. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) utilizing the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation in the step (2).
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