CN114276176A - Harmless treatment method suitable for mixed composting of kitchen waste and breeding waste - Google Patents
Harmless treatment method suitable for mixed composting of kitchen waste and breeding waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114276176A CN114276176A CN202111594094.6A CN202111594094A CN114276176A CN 114276176 A CN114276176 A CN 114276176A CN 202111594094 A CN202111594094 A CN 202111594094A CN 114276176 A CN114276176 A CN 114276176A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste; step two: pretreating breeding manure; step three: pre-treating; step four: aerobic fermentation; step five: anaerobic fermentation; and (2) performing anaerobic fermentation on the liquid feces obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture feces in the step two to generate biogas and biogas slurry, recycling and concentrating the biogas to perform waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation, performing solid-liquid separation on the biogas slurry, using the liquid to prepare liquid fertilizer, returning the solid phase to the step two again, mixing the liquid feces with the solid phase of the culture feces, performing aerobic fermentation, and finally converting the liquid feces into organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly treatment of waste, in particular to a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed composting of kitchen waste and cultivation waste.
Background
The kitchen waste is the waste which is inevitably generated in daily life of people, the requirement of people on food is improved along with the improvement of living standard of people, and in addition, the catering industry in China is rapidly developed and meets the paying habit in China, so that the kitchen waste is high in yield, the components are complex, a large amount of rotten meat and vegetable waste is contained, the kitchen waste is sour and smelly after being stacked for a long time, a large amount of pathogenic bacteria are generated to propagate and propagate mosquitoes and flies, and the environment is seriously polluted. At present, illegal utilization of swill and swill of kitchen waste has great harm, and the kitchen waste is an available resource due to high content of grease and organic matters and high heat value after dehydration, so that the resource treatment of the kitchen waste is very necessary.
The breeding manure contains a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms and has strong pungent smell, and the breeding manure has great influence on the environment and human health. And with the development of intensive farms, the discharge amount of the culture manure is larger and larger, long-term untreated stacking not only occupies a large amount of land in farms and surrounding areas, the static stacking of the culture manure not only generates strong odor, but also causes the mass propagation of pathogenic microorganisms, and diseases are propagated through the action of mosquitoes and flies, so that the harmful effects are generated on the lives of surrounding residents.
The kitchen waste has high organic matter content and high water content, but the salt content is high when the kitchen waste is used for preparing organic fertilizer; the culture manure has high nitrogen and phosphorus content, low salt content, high cellulose content of slightly dried cow manure and loose structure, and is a good material used as a conditioner. The kitchen waste and the breeding manure are used as main materials for composting, the problem that the organic wastes pollute the environment is solved, the composting process is that microbes decompose the compost and greatly reduce the volume of the compost, the reduction of wastes is realized, the kitchen waste and the breeding wastes are used as the organic wastes, the content of organic matters is high, and the kitchen waste and the breeding wastes can be used as the main materials of the compost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 75-85%;
step three: pre-treating;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and (3) carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the liquid feces obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture feces in the step two to generate biogas and biogas slurry, recycling and concentrating the biogas to carry out waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the biogas slurry, using the liquid to prepare liquid fertilizer, returning the solid phase to the step two again, mixing the solid phase with the solid phase of the culture feces, carrying out aerobic fermentation, and finally converting the solid phase into an organic fertilizer.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the step one, non-fermentable garbage such as bottle cans, bones, plastics and the like doped in the food wastes are sorted and removed, and the food wastes are crushed to be less than 2cm in a crusher; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and in the third step, mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the first step and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the second step according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing.
As a still further scheme of the invention: 4-5 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain in the fourth step, and the mixture ratio is that yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, bacillus laterospore and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the proportion of 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3, adding mould fungi which are respectively trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger in an amount of 1 per mill of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is raised to 40 ℃, stirring uniformly, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the fifth step, the cultivation of the anaerobic bacteria is that the auxiliary materials are crushed into powder and mixed with the liquid manure of livestock and poultry, the mixture is poured into a material pool, a methane bacteria decomposing agent is inoculated (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 4 to 8 hours in advance), the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, 1Kg of the methane bacteria decomposing agent is inoculated with 5 to 6 tons of materials, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the pH value is controlled within 7.5, the temperature is controlled within 24 to 28 ℃, acid degradation is carried out, stirring is carried out for 6 to 8 hours for one time, cultivation is carried out for 20 days to obtain cultivated anaerobic bacteria liquid, 25 percent of kitchen waste water is added according to the weight of the auxiliary materials for dilution, the kitchen waste water is soaked and hydrolyzed for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacteria liquid, during anaerobic fermentation, the addition amount of the anaerobic bacteria liquid is 40 percent of the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, the kitchen waste water and the auxiliary material powder are added for dilution, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25:1, controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the temperature to be 40-60 ℃, fermenting for 30 +/-2 days, stirring once every 6-8 hours until the fermentation is finished, stopping heating to 70 ℃ once within 2 hours after the fermentation material does not produce methane, and cooling to be below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the kitchen waste has high organic matter content and can be used as organic fertilizer compost raw materials, but the salt content is high and is generally 20-50g/kg, and the long-term large-scale use of the kitchen waste can cause the accumulation of soil salt, thereby causing the salinization of the soil and the deterioration of the tiltability. In the culture manure, the salt content is 14.8g/kg of chicken, 8.1g/kg of pig and 6g/kg of cow. Therefore, the kitchen waste and the breeding excrement are composted after being proportioned, and the problems that the salt content is high and soil salinization is easily caused due to the direct composting of the existing kitchen waste can be solved.
(2) The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the kitchen waste is generally 10-30:1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of pig manure is 12-14:1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of chicken manure is 9-11:1, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of sheep manure is 30, the kitchen waste and the breeding manure are mixed and then composted, and the use amount of straw and rice husk can be saved by utilizing the complementarity of the components and then adjusting by adding plant straw, rice husk and other materials.
(3) The treatment method combines aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation processes, treats solid manure by using the aerobic fermentation technology, produces liquid fertilizer by using the anaerobic fermentation technology, stabilizes biodegradable components in domestic garbage and organic garbage, and can provide clean renewable energy sources and green organic fertilizer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed composting of kitchen waste and cultivation waste.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, a harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
sorting and removing unfermentable garbage such as bottles, bones, plastics and the like doped in the kitchen garbage, and crushing the kitchen garbage until the kitchen garbage enters a crusher and is crushed to be below 2 cm; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 75-85%;
step three: pre-treating;
mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the step one and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step two according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and D, performing anaerobic fermentation on the liquid manure obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step II to generate biogas and biogas slurry, and recycling and concentrating the biogas to perform waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation. After the biogas slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the liquid is used for preparing liquid fertilizer, and the solid phase returns to the second step and then is mixed with the solid phase of the culture manure for aerobic fermentation to finally convert the solid phase into organic fertilizer;
4-5 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain in the fourth step, and the mixture ratio is that yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, bacillus laterospore and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the proportion of 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3. In addition, adding mould fungi, namely trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is increased to 40 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, uniformly stirring, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days during composting;
and in the fifth step, the anaerobic strain is cultured by crushing auxiliary materials into powder, mixing the powder with livestock liquid manure, pouring the mixture into a material pool, inoculating a methane bacteria decomposing agent (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 4 to 8 hours in advance), wherein the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, inoculating 5 to 6 tons of materials by 1Kg of the methane bacteria decomposing agent, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the pH value is controlled within 7.5, the temperature is controlled within 24 to 28 ℃, performing acid degradation, stirring once within 6 to 8 hours, and culturing for 20 days to obtain cultured anaerobic strain liquid. Adding 25% of kitchen waste water by weight of auxiliary materials for dilution, and soaking and hydrolyzing in a material pool for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacterial liquid. During anaerobic fermentation, adding 40% of anaerobic bacteria liquid based on the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, adding kitchen wastewater and auxiliary material powder for dilution, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25:1, controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the temperature to be 40-60 ℃, stirring once every 6-8 hours for a fermentation period of 30 +/-2 days until no methane is produced after fermentation is completed, heating the fermented material to 70 ℃ once within 2 hours, and cooling the fermented material to below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
Example one
A harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
sorting and removing unfermentable garbage such as bottles, bones, plastics and the like doped in the kitchen garbage, and crushing the kitchen garbage until the kitchen garbage enters a crusher and is crushed to be below 2 cm; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 75%;
step three: pre-treating;
mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the step one and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step two according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and D, performing anaerobic fermentation on the liquid manure obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step II to generate biogas and biogas slurry, and recycling and concentrating the biogas to perform waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation. After the biogas slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the liquid is used for preparing liquid fertilizer, and the solid phase returns to the second step and then is mixed with the solid phase of the culture manure for aerobic fermentation to finally convert the solid phase into organic fertilizer;
4 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain in the fourth step, and the mixture ratio of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, bacillus laterospore and bacillus licheniformis is 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3. In addition, adding mould fungi, namely trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is increased to 40 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, uniformly stirring, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days during composting;
and in the fifth step, the anaerobic strain is cultured by crushing auxiliary materials into powder, mixing the powder with livestock liquid manure, pouring the mixture into a material pool, inoculating a methane bacteria decomposing agent (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 4 hours in advance), wherein the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, inoculating 1Kg of the methane bacteria decomposing agent to 5 tons of materials, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the pH value is controlled within 7.5, the temperature is controlled within 24 ℃, performing acid degradation, stirring once within 6 hours, and culturing for 20 days to obtain the cultured anaerobic strain liquid. Adding 25% of kitchen waste water by weight of auxiliary materials for dilution, and soaking and hydrolyzing in a material pool for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacterial liquid. During anaerobic fermentation, the adding amount of anaerobic bacteria liquid is 40% of the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, kitchen waste water and auxiliary material powder are added for dilution, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to be 25:1, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5, the temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃, the fermentation period is 30 +/-2 days, stirring is carried out once every 6 hours until no methane is produced after fermentation is completed, once heating to 70 ℃ within 2 hours is stopped after no methane is produced by the fermented material, and the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
Example two
A harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
sorting and removing unfermentable garbage such as bottles, bones, plastics and the like doped in the kitchen garbage, and crushing the kitchen garbage until the kitchen garbage enters a crusher and is crushed to be below 2 cm; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 80%;
step three: pre-treating;
mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the step one and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step two according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and D, performing anaerobic fermentation on the liquid manure obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step II to generate biogas and biogas slurry, and recycling and concentrating the biogas to perform waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation. After the biogas slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the liquid is used for preparing liquid fertilizer, and the solid phase returns to the second step and then is mixed with the solid phase of the culture manure for aerobic fermentation to finally convert the solid phase into organic fertilizer;
4.5 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain in the fourth step, and the mixture ratio is that yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, bacillus laterospore and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the proportion of 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3. In addition, adding mould fungi, namely trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is increased to 40 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, uniformly stirring, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days during composting;
and in the fifth step, the anaerobic strain is cultured by crushing auxiliary materials into powder, mixing the powder with livestock liquid manure, pouring the mixture into a material pool, inoculating a methane bacteria decomposing agent (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 6 hours in advance), wherein the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, inoculating 5.5 tons of materials by 1Kg of methane bacteria decomposing agent, controlling the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25:1, the pH value to be within 7.5, controlling the temperature to be within 26 ℃, performing acid degradation, stirring once within 7 hours, and culturing for 20 days to obtain the cultured anaerobic strain liquid. Adding 25% of kitchen waste water by weight of auxiliary materials for dilution, and soaking and hydrolyzing in a material pool for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacterial liquid. During anaerobic fermentation, the adding amount of anaerobic bacteria liquid is 40% of the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, kitchen waste water and auxiliary material powder are added for dilution, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to be 25:1, the pH value is controlled to be 7, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, the fermentation period is 30 +/-2 days, stirring is carried out once every 7 hours until no methane is produced after fermentation is completed, after no methane is produced by the fermented material, the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ once within 2 hours, and the temperature is lowered to below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
EXAMPLE III
A harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
sorting and removing unfermentable garbage such as bottles, bones, plastics and the like doped in the kitchen garbage, and crushing the kitchen garbage until the kitchen garbage enters a crusher and is crushed to be below 2 cm; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 85%;
step three: pre-treating;
mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the step one and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step two according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and D, performing anaerobic fermentation on the liquid manure obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the step II to generate biogas and biogas slurry, and recycling and concentrating the biogas to perform waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation. After the biogas slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the liquid is used for preparing liquid fertilizer, and the solid phase returns to the second step and then is mixed with the solid phase of the culture manure for aerobic fermentation to finally convert the solid phase into organic fertilizer;
in the fourth step, 5 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain, and the mixture ratio is that yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, laterospore bacillus and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the proportion of 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3. In addition, adding mould fungi, namely trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is increased to 40 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the mould fungi is 1 per thousand of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, uniformly stirring, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days during composting;
and in the fifth step, the anaerobic strain is cultured by crushing auxiliary materials into powder, mixing the powder with livestock liquid manure, pouring the mixture into a material pool, inoculating a methane bacteria decomposing agent (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 8 hours in advance), wherein the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, inoculating 6 tons of materials by 1Kg of methane bacteria decomposing agent, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the pH value is controlled within 7.5, the temperature is controlled within 28 ℃, performing acid degradation, stirring once within 8 hours, and culturing for 20 days to obtain the cultured anaerobic strain liquid. Adding 25% of kitchen waste water by weight of auxiliary materials for dilution, and soaking and hydrolyzing in a material pool for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacterial liquid. During anaerobic fermentation, the adding amount of anaerobic bacteria liquid is 40% of the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, kitchen waste water and auxiliary material powder are added for dilution, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to be 25:1, the pH value is controlled to be 7.5, the temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃, the fermentation period is 30 +/-2 days, stirring is carried out once every 8 hours until no methane is produced after fermentation is completed, once heating to 70 ℃ within 2 hours is stopped after no methane is produced by the fermented material, and the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A harmless treatment method suitable for mixed compost of kitchen waste and cultivation waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the processing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste;
step two: pretreating breeding manure;
carrying out solid-liquid separation on the culture manure to reduce the water content to 75-85%;
step three: pre-treating;
step four: aerobic fermentation;
carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture pretreated in the third step;
step five: anaerobic fermentation;
and (3) carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the liquid feces obtained after solid-liquid separation of the culture feces in the step two to generate biogas and biogas slurry, recycling and concentrating the biogas to carry out waste heat utilization on aerobic fermentation, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the biogas slurry, using the liquid to prepare liquid fertilizer, returning the solid phase to the step two again, mixing the solid phase with the solid phase of the culture feces, carrying out aerobic fermentation, and finally converting the solid phase into an organic fertilizer.
2. The harmless treatment method suitable for the mixed compost of the kitchen waste and the cultivation waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step one, non-fermentable garbage such as bottle cans, bones, plastics and the like doped in the food wastes are sorted and removed, and the food wastes are crushed to be less than 2cm in a crusher; then the leachate enters a dehydrator for dehydration treatment, the removed leachate enters oil-water separation, the wastewater is used for anaerobic fermentation and dilution to prepare liquid fertilizer, and the waste oil is recycled.
3. The harmless treatment method suitable for the mixed compost of the kitchen waste and the cultivation waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and in the third step, mixing the residue obtained after the kitchen garbage dehydration in the first step and the solid manure obtained after the solid-liquid separation of the culture manure in the second step according to a ratio of 8:2, adding auxiliary materials to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, adjusting the water content to be about 60%, and sealing for 1 day after mixing.
4. The harmless treatment method suitable for the mixed compost of the kitchen waste and the cultivation waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 4-5 tons of materials can be inoculated into 1Kg of aerobic fermentation strain in the fourth step, and the mixture ratio is that yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic laterospore mold, candida utilis, bacillus laterospore and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the proportion of 12:12:12: 5: 3:3:3, adding mould fungi which are respectively trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger in an amount of 1 per mill of the total weight of the aerobic fermentation strain, adding cellulase and protease after the composting temperature is raised to 40 ℃, stirring uniformly, and finishing aerobic fermentation composting when the fermentation temperature is over 45 ℃ reaches 14 days or the fermentation temperature is kept over 50 ℃ for 7 days.
5. The harmless treatment method suitable for the mixed compost of the kitchen waste and the cultivation waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the cultivation of the anaerobic bacteria is that the auxiliary materials are crushed into powder and mixed with the liquid manure of livestock and poultry, the mixture is poured into a material pool, a methane bacteria decomposing agent is inoculated (the methane bacteria decomposing agent is activated in 2 percent brown sugar water for 4 to 8 hours in advance), the content of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million cfu/g, 1Kg of the methane bacteria decomposing agent is inoculated with 5 to 6 tons of materials, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the pH value is controlled within 7.5, the temperature is controlled within 24 to 28 ℃, acid degradation is carried out, stirring is carried out for 6 to 8 hours for one time, cultivation is carried out for 20 days to obtain cultivated anaerobic bacteria liquid, 25 percent of kitchen waste water is added according to the weight of the auxiliary materials for dilution, the kitchen waste water is soaked and hydrolyzed for 7 days after dilution to form anaerobic bacteria liquid, during anaerobic fermentation, the addition amount of the anaerobic bacteria liquid is 40 percent of the total weight of the raw material mixture to be fermented, the kitchen waste water and the auxiliary material powder are added for dilution, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25:1, controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the temperature to be 40-60 ℃, fermenting for 30 +/-2 days, stirring once every 6-8 hours until the fermentation is finished, stopping heating to 70 ℃ once within 2 hours after the fermentation material does not produce methane, and cooling to be below 60 ℃ within 2 hours.
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| CN115231972A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-25 | 中节能工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste through anaerobic fermentation |
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