AU2020103965A4 - A rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof - Google Patents
A rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020103965A4 AU2020103965A4 AU2020103965A AU2020103965A AU2020103965A4 AU 2020103965 A4 AU2020103965 A4 AU 2020103965A4 AU 2020103965 A AU2020103965 A AU 2020103965A AU 2020103965 A AU2020103965 A AU 2020103965A AU 2020103965 A4 AU2020103965 A4 AU 2020103965A4
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- fermentation
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- cow dung
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof, which
comprises the following steps: collecting cow dung, adding crop straw, uniformly mixing,
spraying deodorizing fungicide, performing sealed fermentation to obtain fermented dung raw
materials, and performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented dung raw materials to obtain
solid products and liquid dung water. Alternately laying crop straw and solid products in a
fermentation tank, spraying liquid dung water into each layer of crop straw, and then
composting and fermenting to obtain compost fermentation products. After being dried, the
obtained compost fermentation product is crushed and granulated to make organic fertilizer. In
the invention, cow dung and straw are mixed, then a microbial deodorizing fungicide is added
for pre-fermentation treatment, and then the mixture are directly used as a composting raw
material to mix with crop straw for composting fermentation. Therefore, the invention can
utilize the rapid fermentation of cow dung to prepare organic fertilizers, with simple treatment
operation and without inherent equipment and treatment technology.
Description
A rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof
[01] The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry environmental pollution control and waste recycling, in particular to a rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof.
[02] The increasing demand for milk promotes the rapid development of intensive dairy farms, which leads to the accumulation of cow dung in dairy farms. The environmental pollution caused by concentrated discharge of cow dung is becoming increasingly prominent. The cow dung produced in dairy farms is different from that produced by beef cattle and scattered cattle. The cow dung produced by the latter is shaped and dry, with small smell, which can be used as fuel, however, the cow dung produced by dairy farms is not shaped, with high water content and strong smell. Moreover, drying it needs more energy, and it can be directly used as fertilizer for its strong smell. The utilization of cow dung is often to carry out solid-liquid separation at first, and then the solid part is dried or retted to be used as organic fertilizer, and the liquid part is anaerobic fermented to produce biogas. Although this way realizes a good utilization of cow dung, there are a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the separated solid that need further treatment. The separated liquid also has the technical problem of low biogas yield because the solid part is not anaerobically digested. Besides, its operation is complex, requiring inherent equipment and process technology, which virtually increases the treatment cost of dairy dung. Therefore, it is not widely used in dairy farms, and the treatment of dairy dung has become an urgent problem to be solved. It is necessary to propose a rapid fermentation method of dairy dung.
[03] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rapid fermentation method of dairy dung and its products. After preliminary pretreatment, the dairy dung is directly used as compost raw material to prepare organic fertilizer, and the rapid fermentation and utilization of dairy dung can be directly realized without solid-liquid separation.
[04] The invention provides a rapid fermentation method of cow dung, which comprises the following steps.
[05] (1) Collecting cow dung, adding crop straw, mixing uniformly, spraying deodorizing fungicide, sealing and fermenting to obtain fermented dung raw materials, and performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented dung raw materials to obtain solid products and liquid dung water.
[06] (2) Alternately laying the crop straw and the solid products prepared in the step (1) in a fermentation tank. Spraying the liquid dung prepared in the step (1) into each layer of the crop straw, and then composting and fermenting to obtain compost fermentation products after the laying is completed.
[07] (3) Drying, crushing and granulating the compost fermentation product prepared in step (2) to prepare organic fertilizer.
[08] Furthermore, in the step (1), the crop straw is added after being crushed to a length less than 5cm; the mixing mass ratio of cow dung and crop straw is (3-5): (2 3); the sealed fermentation temperature is 30-50°C and time is 24-48 hours. Beside,
aeration and stir is carried out for 0.5-1 hour every 12 hours.
[09] Further, the deodorizing fungicide in step (1) include bacillus, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, acetobacter and actinomycetes. Wherein, the total effective viable count is 1 billion cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus is not less than 8x10c fu/mL, the number of yeast is not less than 2x106 cfu/mL, the number of lactic acid bacteria is not less than 1x106c fu/mL and the number of acetobacter is not less than 1x10 cfu/mL, the number of actinomycetes is not less than 3x10 6 cfu/mL. Besides, the ratio of deodorizing fungicide to dung is (5-10): 1,000.
[010] Furthermore, in the step (2), the laying thickness of crop straw is 5-10 cm/layer; the laying thickness of solid products is 3-5 cm/layer; the stacking height is 1-2m; the fermentation time is 10-20 days; the fermentation temperature is 30-50°C,
and the piles are overturned once every 2-3 days.
[011] Furthermore, in the step (2), before composting, the crop straw are cooked in sodium sulfite solution, soaked in sodium hydroxide solution to neutrality and then dried for use.
[012] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the sodium sulfite solution is 20-35%, the cooking time is 10-30min, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 30 %, the soaking time is 20-30min, and the straw is air-dried until the water content is -20%.
[013] Furthermore, in the step (2), the liquid dung is sprayed while the fermentation broth is added at the same time.
[014] Furthermore, the fermentation broth comprises bacillus subtilis, trichoderma, pseudomonas, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans. Wherein, the total effective viable count is 100 million cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus subtilis is not less than 8x106 cfu/mL, the number of trichoderma is not less than 3x106 cfu/mL, the number of pseudomonas is not less than 2x106 cfu/mL and the number of lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 2x106 cfu/mL, the number of bacillus licheniformis is not less than 3x106 cfu/mL and the number of bacillus coagulans is not less than 5x106 cfu/mL. Besides, the ratio of fermentation broth to straw is (5-10) : 1,000.
[015] The invention also provides organic fertilizer prepared by above rapid fermentation method.
[016] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following significative effects.
[017] (1) The dairy dung collected in large-scale dairy farms is a mixture of feces, urine and flushing water, with a water content of 90% - 97% and a total solid content of 3% - 10%, which is mud-like. In addition, the urine and waste water contain harmful gases such as NH3, H2S and amine. If they are not removed in time or can not be treated in time, the odor will be doubled, and malodorous gases such as methyl mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide, methyl sulfide and low-grade fatty acids will be produced, which will seriously worsen the air quality inside and outside the breeding farm and harm the breeding staffs. According to the invention, before composting and fermenting dairy dung, a certain amount of crop straw are added to adjust the overall solid content, and then microbial deodorizing fungicide are added for sealed fermentation. Further, the crop straw have a certain adsorption effect, which can adsorb wastewater in dairy dung, prevent malodorous gas from spreading, provide attachment and reproduction places for microbial deodorant bacteria, and promote their growth and reproduction in dairy dung. Under the action of microbial deodorant bacteria, crop straw with cow dung are subjected to mixed fermentation, which can promote the decomposition of organic pollutants in the cow dung, reduce the volatilization of harmful gases, remove the environmental stench and inhibit the proliferation of harmful pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the odor of the cow dung can be basically eliminated after 24-48 hours, and the harmful gases such as NH3, H2S and amine in the dung and wastewater can be fully converted into solid organic matter in the process, thereby promoting the full utilization of nutrient components.
[018] (2) The fermentation products pre-fermented by microbial deodorant bacteria contain a large number of mature fermentation bacteria, rich in nutrients and growth factors for the growth and proliferation of fermentation bacteria, so that they can be used as compost raw materials for composting and fermentation, after alternating stacking with straw. The pre-fermented livestock dung is equipped with a suitable growth environment for the large-scale reproduction of fermentation bacteria, so that the bacteria can start mass reproduction and enzyme production in a short time to ferment straw, which effectively shortening the composting time. Solid-liquid separation is carried out on the pre-fermented products, and the obtained solid products and straw are alternately stacked. Spraying liquid dung into the compost straw is helpful for the full contact between the pre-fermented products and straw, which can increase the composting gap and the spraying area of multi-bacteria mixed solution, promote the propagation of different straw degrading microorganisms and further improve the composting efficiency.
[019] (3) The further introduction of microbial fungicide in the composting process can supplement the species and content of strains in the composting fermentation process, so as to improve the fertilizer efficiency and strain amount of organic fertilizer prepared by composting fermentation.
[020] (4) Before composting fermentation, the straw used for composting is soaked and cooked in sodium sulfite solution, which plays the role of sterilization and curing, and reduces the number of harmful strains. On the other hand, this operation can separate the cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose wrapped in straw powder. Further soaking the straw with sodium hydroxide for pre-treatment can effectively promote the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in straw powder and the destruction of lignin structure, which can maximize the hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and facilitate the absorption of subsequent strains.
[021] (5) In the invention, the cow dung and straw are mixed, then added with microbial deodorant for pre-fermentation, and then they are directly used as compost raw materials to mix with crop straw for composting fermentation, which accomplishes the preparation of organic fertilizer by quick fermentation of the cow dung. The treatment operation is simple and inherent equipment and process are not needed, which reduces the treatment cost of the cow dung and facilitates the popularization and application in large-scale dairy farms.
[022] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail, which should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention.
[023] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, as for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that every intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Intermediate values within any stated value or stated range and every smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate values within the stated range are also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.
[024] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe methods and/or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated documents, the contents of this specification shall prevail.
[025] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of the invention. Other embodiments derived from the description of the present invention will be apparent to the skilled person. The specification and embodiments of this application are only exemplary.
[026] As used herein, "including", "emboding", "having", "containing", etc. are all open terms, which means including but not limited to.
[027] The cow dung used in the following embodiments of the invention is taken from farms, and the selected microbial strains are all commercial strains, and the straw is corn straw.
[028] The deodorizing fungicide used include bacillus, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, acetobacter and actinomycetes, wherein the total effective viable count is 1 billion cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus is not less than 3x108 cfu/mL, the number of yeast is not less than 2x108 cfu/mL, the number of lactic acid bacteria is not less than 1x108 cfu/mL and the number of acetobacter is not less than 1x108 cfu/mL, the number of actinomycetes is not less than 3x108 cfu/mL.
[029] Embodiment 1
[030] Collecting dairy dung and adding crop straw which is crushed to less than cm in length (the mass ratio of dairy dung to crop straw is 5: 3). After mixing dung and straw evenly, spraying deodorizing fungicide (the mass ratio of deodorizing fungicide to dairy dung is 1: 100). Fermenting in a sealed manner at 45C for 48 hours to obtain fermented dung raw materials, during which aeration and stir are carried out every 12 hours for 0.5 hours, and solid-liquid separation are carried out on the fermented dung raw materials to prepare solid products and liquid dung water.
[031] Fuether, the crop straw and the prepared solid products are alternately laid in a fermentation tank and the liquid dung prepared in step (1) is sprayed into each layer of the crop straw. After finishing the laying, composting to obtain compost fermentation products, wherein the laying thickness of the crop straw is 10 cm/layer, the laying thickness of the solid products is 5 cm/layer, the stacking height is 2m, the fermentation time is 15 days, the fermentation temperature is 50 'C, and the compost is turned over
every two days.
[032] Air-drying, crushing and granulating above compost fermentation products to obtain the organic fertilizer.
[033] Embodiment 2
[034] Same as embodiment 1, the difference is that before composting and fermentation, the crop straw is treated as follows in step (2). The crop straw is cooked in 25% sodium sulfite solution for 10min, soaked in 30% sodium hydroxide solution for 10mmin, and then cleaned to neutrality and dried for use.
[035] Embodiment 3
[036] Same as embodiment 2, the difference is that the compost straw is sprayed with liquid dung, and the fermentation broth is added at the same time. The fermentation broth contains bacillus subtilis, trichoderma, pseudomonas, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans. Wherein, the total effective viable count is 100 million cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus subtilis is not less than 2x107 cfu/mL, the number of trichoderma is not less than 1x107 cfu/mL, the number of pseudomonas is not less than 2x107 cfu/mL and the number of lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 1x107 cfu/mL, the number of bacillus licheniformis is not less than1x107 cfu/mL and the number of bacillus coagulans is not less than 3x10 7cfu/mL. Besides, the ratio of fermentation broth to straw is 3 : 1,000.
[037] Embodiment 4
[038] Same as embodiment 3, the difference is that deodorizing fungicide is not added in step (1).
[039] Embodiment 5
[040] Same as embodiment 3, except that the addition of crop straw in step (1).
[041] Embodiment 6
[042] Same as embodiment 3, the difference is that the solid-liquid separation step in step (1) is omitted, and the obtained fermentation product is alternately composted with crop straw directly.
[043] Embodiment 7
[044] Same as Example 3, the difference is that the fermentation product prepared in step (1) is directly mixed with crop straw for composting fermentation.
[045] The organic matter content and strain content in the organic fertilizer prepared in embodiments 1-7 are detected.
[046] The organic fertilizers prepared in embodiments 1-7 are used as base fertilizers in corn fields with a consumption of 80 kg/acre. Other management methods are the same, and the final corn yield of each acre is counted.
[047] The results are shown in Table 1.
[048] Table 1
Organic matter content Yield per acre g/kg kg Embodiment 1 498 879 Embodiment 2 512 915 Embodiment 3 557 950 Embodiment 4 415 815 Embodiment 5 329 754 Embodiment 6 457 783 Embodiment 7 432 766
[049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
[050] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms, in keeping with the broad principles and the spirit of the invention described herein.
[051] The present invention and the described embodiments specifically include the best method known to the applicant of performing the invention. The present invention and the described preferred embodiments specifically include at least one feature that is industrially applicable
Claims (9)
1. A rapid fermentation method of cow dung, characterized by comprising the following steps.
(1) Collecting cow dung, adding crop straw, mixing uniformly, spraying deodorizing fungicide, sealing and fermenting to obtain fermented dung raw materials, and performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented dung raw materials to obtain solid products and liquid dung water.
(2) Alternately laying the crop straw and the solid products prepared in the step (1) in a fermentation tank. Spraying the liquid dung prepared in the step (1) into each layer of the crop straw, and then composting and fermenting to obtain compost fermentation products after the laying is completed.
(3) Drying, crushing and granulating the compost fermentation product prepared in step (2) to prepare organic fertilizer.
2. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (1), the crop straw is added after being crushed to a length less than 5cm; the mixing mass ratio of cow dung and crop straw is (3-5): (2-3); the sealed fermentation temperature is 30-50°C and time is 24-48 hours. Beside,
aeration and stir is carried out for 0.5-1 hour every 12 hours.
3. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (1), the deodorizing fungicide include bacillus, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, acetobacter and actinomycetes. Wherein, the total effective viable count is 1 billion cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus is not less than 8x106 cfu/mL, the number of yeast is not less than 2x10 cfu/mL, the number of lactic acid bacteria is not less than lx106c fu/mL and the number of acetobacter is not less thanlx106c fu/mL, the number of actinomycetes is not less than 3x10 6 cfu/mL. Besides, the ratio of
deodorizing fungicide to dung is (5-10) : 1,000.
4. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the laying thickness of crop straw is 5-10 cm/layer; the laying thickness of solid products is 3-5 cm/layer; the stacking height is 1-2m; the fermentation time is 10-20 days; the fermentation temperature is 30-50°C, and the piles are overturned once every 2-3 days.
5. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), before composting, the crop straw are cooked in sodium sulfite solution, soaked in sodium hydroxide solution to neutrality and then dried for use.
6. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 5, characterized in that the mass fraction of the sodium sulfite solution is 2 0 - 3 5 %, the cooking time is 10-30min, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 30 %, the soaking time is 20-30min, and the straw is air-dried until the water content is -20%.
7. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the liquid dung is sprayed while the fermentation broth is added at the same time.
8. The rapid fermentation method of cow dung according to claim 7, characterized in that the fermentation broth comprises bacillus subtilis, trichoderma, pseudomonas, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans. Wherein, the total effective viable count is 100 million cfu/mL, in which the number of bacillus subtilis is not less than 8x106 cfu/mL, the number of trichoderma is not less than 3x10 6 cfu/mL, the number of pseudomonas is not less than 2x10 6 cfu/mL and the number of lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 2x106 cfu/mL, the number of bacillus licheniformis is not less than 3x106 cfu/mL and the number of bacillus coagulans is not less than 5x106 cfu/mL. Besides, the ratio of fermentation broth to straw is (5-10) 1,000.
9. Organic fertilizer prepared by above rapid fermentation method based in claims 1 8.
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| AU2020103965A AU2020103965A4 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | A rapid fermentation method of cow dung and products thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112159279A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-01 | 陕西省生物农业研究所 | Method and device for comprehensively treating livestock and poultry manure based on microorganisms |
| CN113264786A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 上海为绿景观建设有限公司 | Fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural and forestry wastes and fermentation process thereof |
| IT202100013931A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-27 | Rigenera S R L S | BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND RELATED PRODUCTION PROCEDURE |
| CN116121035A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-05-16 | 东莞市巴能检测技术有限公司 | Cow dung and straw biomass combined fermentation gas production equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 AU AU2020103965A patent/AU2020103965A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112159279A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-01 | 陕西省生物农业研究所 | Method and device for comprehensively treating livestock and poultry manure based on microorganisms |
| IT202100013931A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-27 | Rigenera S R L S | BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND RELATED PRODUCTION PROCEDURE |
| EP4095118A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-30 | Rigenera S.r.l. | Biological fertilizer product and corresponding production method |
| CN113264786A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 上海为绿景观建设有限公司 | Fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural and forestry wastes and fermentation process thereof |
| CN116121035A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-05-16 | 东莞市巴能检测技术有限公司 | Cow dung and straw biomass combined fermentation gas production equipment |
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