CN115226595A - Artificial coral soil and coral island reef vegetation planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nutrient soil, in particular to a method for preparing artificial coral soil and planting coral island reef vegetation, which comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent. The artificial coral soil prepared by the invention is rich in various nutrient components required by plant growth, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is beneficial to plant growth; the prepared artificial coral soil is disinfected and sterilized, so that the influence of potential harmful viruses in the soil on the healthy growth of plants is avoided; the coral mud is an existing abundant material on coral island reefs, and animal manure is bird manure, human manure and the like on the coral island reefs, so that an environment-friendly and economic concept of local materials is achieved.

Description

Artificial coral soil and coral island reef vegetation planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nutrient soil, in particular to artificial coral soil and a coral island reef vegetation planting method.

Background

Coral reefs are formed by hundreds of thousands of coral skeleton in the growth process of hundreds of years to thousands of years, mainly show as complete coral reef limestone and scattered coral soil, and are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical sea areas and coastal areas. The coral soil has the form of powder, sandy soil, sandstone, etc., and the main mineral component is calcite (CaCO 3).

The area of the coral island is small, the coral island is far away from the continent, the ecological system is simple in structure, low in biological diversity and very fragile, and is easily influenced by natural disasters and man-made interference. In recent years, due to a plurality of reasons such as seawater temperature rise, the coral reefs around the world are seriously degraded, and the coral reefs around the country also have a degradation trend. Therefore, the ecological environment protection of the coral island reef is urgent. China pays great attention to the protection and repair of coral reefs, carries out construction in the south China sea island and cares about the reefs.

Originally, the soil on the coral island is mainly coral sand, and the granule is big, and the salinity is high, and the nutrient is few, and is very unsuitable for the growth of plant, later passes through the salt greatly reduced of coral sand behind the rainwater infiltration for there is a small amount of species can grow. However, due to the limitation of the soil composition on the coral island, the vegetation on the coral island is less and the ecological structure is single. Although consideration is given to the use of nutrient soil carried from the continent onto coral reefs for planting vegetation, transportation costs are high and the original ecology of the reefs may be destroyed.

The nutrient soil is bed soil which is specially prepared for meeting the growth and development of seedlings, contains multiple mineral nutrients, is loose, ventilated, strong in water and fertilizer retention capacity and free of diseases and insect pests, and is generally prepared by mixing fertile field soil and decomposed animal manure. The nutrient soil is high in organic matter content, complete in nutrient, reasonable in soil structure and beneficial to microbial activation, but is not beneficial to normal growth and development of seedlings through reasonable ingredients and strict disinfection and sterilization.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide an artificial coral soil, which is obtained by reasonable blending, can provide various mineral nutrients for plants, and has the advantages of loosening, ventilation, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, etc.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a planting method of coral island reefs, which can be applied to planting the coral reefs, and has the advantages of improving mineral nutrient contents and soil structures of coral soil on the coral island reefs, and simultaneously, local materials can be used, and the material transportation cost is low.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the invention:

the invention provides a preparation method of artificial coral soil, which comprises the following steps: s10, naturally drying the coral sand, pouring 40kg of the coral sand into a ball mill, and crushing for 50min to obtain fine-grained coral soil; s20, weighing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil according to the composition and the proportion; s30, uniformly stirring and mixing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil in a stirrer, and sterilizing the stirred mixture; s40, finally obtaining artificial coral soil;

the invention relates to artificial coral soil which comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent.

Furthermore, the coral mud is a coral soft mud substance consisting of fine-grained coral fragments, the main component of the coral mud is CaCO3, and the coral mud is mainly characterized by rich micropores and capability of continuously releasing mineral ions such as calcium ions, magnesium ions and the like. The coral mud-derived pathways in the present invention include the following two: one is fine coral soil obtained by grinding coral sand; the other is coral mud naturally separated in the island dredger fill process, and the invention selects fine-grain coral mud obtained after crushing coral mud.

Furthermore, the leaf mold is formed by decomposing and fermenting plant branches and leaves (leaves on the island and marine plants), shells and the like (such as coconut shells on the island) and seawater desalination residues and the like through microorganisms, is rich in organic matters, humus, a small amount of vitamins, auxin and trace elements, has the characteristics of looseness, good water and air permeability and strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is favorable for the growth and development of plants.

Furthermore, the expanded vermiculite is formed by volume expansion of vermiculite after high-temperature roasting, is called as expanded vermiculite, is one of the lightest minerals in the world, can be used as a soil conditioner to improve the structure of soil and improve the air permeability and water content of the soil, has the characteristics of loose soil, good air permeability, strong absorption capacity, small temperature change and the like, is beneficial to plant growth, and can reduce the input of fertilizers.

Furthermore, the animal manure is one or a mixture of the manure of birds living on the coral reef and the manure of human beings, contains rich nutrient components such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and provides nutrients for the growth and development of plants.

Furthermore, the plant fiber is a mixture of coconut shells, sawdust and tree leaves on the island reef, and is mixed in the artificial coral soil after being crushed.

Furthermore, the water-retaining agent adopts organic high molecular polymer polyacrylamide with a unique three-dimensional net structure, can quickly absorb and retain rainwater or irrigation water in soil without loss, and further ensures sufficient moisture in the rhizosphere range and slow release for plants to utilize. It has excellent water absorbing, storing and maintaining performance. In addition, the fertilizer is non-toxic, safe and environment-friendly, and does not pollute plants, soil and underground water.

The invention provides a planting method of coral island reef vegetation, which comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting seeds, and selecting plant varieties according to needs;

s200, seedling raising, namely establishing a seedling raising workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and utilizing artificial coral soil to culture plant seedlings;

s300, selecting seedlings, and after the plant seedlings grow normally, selecting well-grown seedlings in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef, wherein the height of the seedlings is not more than 3 m;

s400, establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

s500, transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

s600, after the artificial coral soil is buried, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step S400 by using desalted seawater, paving the washed coral sand on the surface of the planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

Further, the seed selection is one or more of coconut, cherry, olive kernel, casuarina equisetifolia, aleurites fordii, kapok and pterocarpus indicus. The nursery stock planted by the method of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, coconut, cherry, olive, casuarina, paulownia, kapok, and pterocarpus indicus.

Furthermore, the planting modules are divided on the coral island reef as required, and the area for planting plants with the dimensional fence structure is additionally arranged, and can be an independent small area or a continuous linear area to form an integral green belt.

Further, the built planting module is washed for 3-4 times by desalinating seawater in the step S400. The purpose of leaching by adopting desalted seawater is to reduce the salt-alkali content of coral sand and avoid influencing the growth of plants

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) The artificial coral soil prepared by the invention is rich in various nutrient components required by plant growth, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is beneficial to plant growth;

(2) The artificial coral soil prepared by the method is disinfected and sterilized, so that the influence of potential harmful viruses in soil on the healthy growth of plants is avoided;

(3) The coral mud prepared as the raw material of the artificial coral soil is an existing rich material on coral island reefs, and animal manure is bird manure, human manure and the like on the coral island reefs, so that the environment-friendly and economic concept of local materials is implemented;

(4) The artificial coral soil is used for planting the vegetation on the coral island reef, coral sand of the coral island reef is fully utilized, the cost is reduced, and the ecological environment of the coral island reef is improved;

(5) The invention adopts the desalted seawater to elute the coral sand and irrigate the nursery stock, reduces the salt alkalinity of the coral sand, and is beneficial to the growth and development of plants.

(6) According to the invention, the planting module is established, so that a green belt is formed on the coral island reef, and the environment of the coral island reef is beautified;

(7) The invention can be applied to planting of various plant varieties, improves the variety of the plants and promotes the optimization of the coral island reef ecosystem structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing artificial coral soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a planting method of coral island reef vegetation in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the ingredients and parts by weight ratio of the artificial coral soil in the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements should not be limited by these terms unless otherwise specified. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first xx script may be referred to as a second xx script, and similarly, a second xx script may be referred to as a first xx script, without departing from the scope of the present application.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the artificial coral soil provided by the invention is prepared by grinding and then preparing, and comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent;

specifically, in this embodiment, the artificial coral soil is selected from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 55 parts of coral mud, 50 parts of leaf mold, 20 parts of expanded vermiculite, 15 parts of fermented animal manure, 70 parts of crushed plant fiber and 10 parts of water-retaining agent.

The preparation method of the artificial coral soil comprises the following steps: s10, naturally drying the coral sand, pouring 40kg of the coral sand into a ball mill, and crushing for 50min to obtain fine-grained coral soil; s20, weighing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil according to the composition and the proportion; s30, uniformly stirring and mixing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil in a stirrer, and sterilizing the stirred mixture; and S40, finally obtaining the artificial coral soil.

The invention provides a planting method of coral island reef vegetation, which comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting seeds, and selecting plant varieties according to needs;

s200, seedling raising, namely establishing a seedling raising workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and utilizing artificial coral soil to culture plant seedlings;

s300, selecting seedlings, namely selecting well-grown seedlings with the height not more than 3 m in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef after the plant seedlings grow normally;

s400, establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

s500, transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

s600, after the artificial coral soil is buried, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step S400 by using desalted seawater, flatly paving the washed coral sand on the surface of a planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

Specifically, the planting method of the coral island reef vegetation comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting seeds, namely casuarina equisetifolia and anti-gout tung tree;

s200, seedling raising, namely establishing a seedling raising workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and utilizing artificial coral soil to culture plant seedlings;

s300, selecting seedlings, and selecting well-grown seedlings in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef after the plant seedlings enter normal growth and development;

s400, establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

s500, transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

s600, after the artificial coral soil is buried, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step by using desalted seawater, paving the washed coral sand on the surface of the planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

Example two

The invention provides artificial coral soil which is prepared by grinding and then preparing, and comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent;

specifically, the artificial coral soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of coral mud, 45 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of expanded vermiculite, 13 parts of fermented animal manure, 65 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.

The preparation method of the artificial coral soil comprises the following steps: s10, naturally drying the coral sand, and pouring 40kg of the coral sand into a ball mill to be ground for 50min to obtain fine-grained coral soil; s20, weighing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil according to the composition and the proportion; s30, uniformly stirring and mixing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil in a stirrer, and sterilizing the stirred mixture; and S40, finally obtaining the artificial coral soil.

The planting method of the coral island reef vegetation specifically comprises the following steps:

selecting seeds, namely coconut and olive kernel;

seedling cultivation, namely establishing a seedling cultivation workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and cultivating plant seedlings by using artificial coral soil;

selecting seedlings, namely selecting well-grown seedlings in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef after the plant seedlings enter normal growth and development, wherein the height of the seedlings is not more than 3 m;

establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

and (3) after-landfill treatment, after the artificial coral soil is filled, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step by using desalted seawater, paving the washed coral sand on the surface of the planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

EXAMPLE III

The invention provides artificial coral soil which is prepared by grinding and then blending and comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent;

specifically, in this embodiment, the artificial coral soil is selected from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 60 parts of coral mud, 55 parts of leaf mold, 23 parts of expanded vermiculite, 20 parts of fermented animal manure, 75 parts of crushed plant fiber and 15 parts of water-retaining agent.

The preparation method of the artificial coral soil comprises the following steps: s10, naturally drying the coral sand, pouring 40kg of the coral sand into a ball mill, and crushing for 50min to obtain fine-grained coral soil; s20, weighing ingredients of the artificial coral soil according to the composition and the proportion; s30, uniformly stirring and mixing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil in a stirrer, and sterilizing the stirred mixture; and S40, finally obtaining the artificial coral soil.

The planting method of the coral island reef vegetation specifically comprises the following steps:

selecting seeds, namely coconut and cherry;

seedling cultivation, namely establishing a seedling cultivation workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and cultivating plant seedlings by using artificial coral soil;

selecting seedlings, namely selecting well-grown seedlings in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef after the plant seedlings enter normal growth and development, wherein the height of the seedlings is not more than 3 m;

establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

and (3) after-landfill treatment, after the artificial coral soil is filled, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step by using desalted seawater, paving the washed coral sand on the surface of the planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

The artificial coral soil prepared by the invention is rich in various nutrient components required by plant growth, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is beneficial to plant growth; the prepared artificial coral soil is disinfected and sterilized, so that the influence of potential harmful viruses in the soil on the healthy growth of plants is avoided; the coral mud is the existing abundant material on the coral island, and the animal manure is also bird manure, human manure and the like on the coral island, so that the environment-friendly economic concept of local materials is achieved; planting vegetation on the coral island by using artificial coral soil, fully utilizing coral sand of the coral island, reducing the cost and improving the ecological environment of the coral island; the coral sand is leached by desalted seawater and the seedlings are irrigated, so that the salt alkalinity of the coral sand is reduced, and the growth and development of plants are facilitated; a planting module is established, so that green belts are formed on the coral island reef, and the environment of the coral island reef is beautified; the method can be applied to planting of various plant varieties, improve variety diversity of the plants and promote optimization of an ecological system structure of the coral island reef.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The artificial coral soil is characterized by being ground and then prepared, and comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of coral mud, 40-60 parts of leaf mold, 15-25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10-25 parts of fermented animal manure, 60-80 parts of crushed plant fiber and 5-15 parts of water-retaining agent;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s10, naturally drying the coral sand, pouring 40kg of the coral sand into a ball mill, and crushing for 50min to obtain fine-grained coral soil;

s20, weighing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil according to the composition and the proportion;

s30, uniformly stirring and mixing the ingredients of the artificial coral soil in a stirrer, and sterilizing the stirred mixture;

and S40, finally obtaining the artificial coral soil.

2. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the coral mud is a fine-grain coral mud substance obtained by crushing coral soil.

3. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the leaf mold is formed by decomposing and fermenting plant branches and leaves by microorganisms.

4. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the expanded vermiculite is formed by volume expansion of vermiculite after high-temperature roasting.

5. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the animal waste is one or a mixture of bird waste and human waste which live on the coral island reef.

6. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is a mixture of coconut shells, sawdust and tree leaf scraps on the island reef.

7. The artificial coral soil of claim 1, wherein: the water-retaining agent is organic high molecular polymer polyacrylamide with a unique three-dimensional net structure.

8. The invention provides a planting method of coral island reef vegetation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting seeds, and selecting plant varieties according to needs;

s200, seedling raising, namely establishing a seedling raising workshop in a coral island reef vegetation planting area, and utilizing artificial coral soil to culture plant seedlings;

s300, selecting seedlings, and after the plant seedlings grow normally, selecting well-grown seedlings in a seedling raising workshop of a coral island reef, wherein the height of the seedlings is not more than 3 m;

s400, establishing a planting module, establishing a plant planting module in a coral island reef vegetation planting construction area, leaching by adopting desalted seawater, and filling a layer of artificial coral soil at the bottom of the planting module;

s500, transplanting, namely transplanting the selected nursery stock with soil into a planting module, and burying the root of the nursery stock in the planting module by adopting artificial coral soil;

s600, after the artificial coral soil is buried, leaching the coral sand dug out in the step S400 by using desalted seawater, paving the washed coral sand on the surface of the planting module, and irrigating by using the desalted seawater.

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