CN115226381B - 一种抗冲击的仪器柜 - Google Patents
一种抗冲击的仪器柜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗冲击的仪器柜,属于船用仪器技术领域;其包括:柜体以及设置于柜体底部的缓冲组件,所述柜体包括嵌套设置的防护外层和防护内层,所述防护内层包括从外往内依次设置的塑性形变层和加强层;所述防护外层包括从外往内依次设置的吸能层以及抗冲击层,所述抗冲击层与所述塑性形变层抵接;所述缓冲组件包括横向缓冲单元以及纵向缓冲单元,所述横向缓冲单元包括座体以及弹性件,所述柜体插装于所述座体中,所述吸能层的四周经由所述弹性件与所述座体连接,所述纵向缓冲单元包括多个可伸缩的减振器以及绞接件,所述减振器的一端与船体连接,所述减振器的另一端经由绞接件与所述座体连接。本发明能够增强柜体的抗冲击能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及船用仪器技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗冲击的仪器柜。
背景技术
随着水面船舶的高速发展,船用的电子设备的种类和数量大幅增多,大量的电子设备被应用于船舶上,船舶的所面对的恶劣环境对电子设备的使用带来不利的影响,为增加电子设备的生存能力,往往将电子设备安装在仪器柜中。
应用于一些特种船舶上的仪器柜,不仅要面对一些恶劣的气象环境,还要承受爆炸冲击和水淹,现有的仪器柜多为薄壳结构,抗冲击能弱且不具备防水功能,在爆炸冲击环境中极易损坏、进水,致使仪器设备受损,或者仅通过简单的增加厚度的方式,提高仪器柜的抗爆炸冲击的能力,使仪器柜变得大且重,大大限制了仪器设备适用空间范围。并且常规的密封的仪器柜散热能力差,没有降温模块,不能满足仪器设备正常工作温度条件,极易使仪器柜内形成高温环境,导致放置于仪器柜中的仪器设备停止工作。
发明内容
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种抗冲击的仪器柜,用以解决现有仪器柜抗冲击能力差的问题。
本发明提供一种抗冲击的仪器柜,包括:柜体以及设置于柜体底部的缓冲组件,
所述柜体包括嵌套设置的防护外层和防护内层,所述防护内层包括从外往内依次设置的塑性形变层和加强层;所述防护外层包括从外往内依次设置的吸能层以及抗冲击层,所述抗冲击层与所述塑性形变层抵接;
所述缓冲组件包括横向缓冲单元以及纵向缓冲单元,所述横向缓冲单元包括座体以及弹性件,所述柜体插装于所述座体中,所述吸能层的四周经由所述弹性件与所述座体连接,所述纵向缓冲单元包括多个可伸缩的减振器以及绞接件,所述减振器的一端与船体连接,所述减振器的另一端经由绞接件与所述座体连接。
进一步的,所述塑性形变层包括相互贴合的层状陶瓷板以及钛合金板,所述层状陶瓷板和钛合金板能够通过塑形变形来阻断冲击力,所述加强层包括高碳钢板,所述高碳钢板设置于所述钛合金板的内侧。
进一步的,所述吸能层包括橡胶板以及聚氨酯泡沫,两所述橡胶板包夹所述聚氨酯泡沫设置,所述抗冲击层的两侧分别与所述橡胶板和所述层状陶瓷板抵接。
进一步的,所述座体的中部凹陷形成用于容纳所述柜体的缓冲空间,所述柜体插装于所述缓冲空间中,所述柜体与所述座体间隔设置,所述弹性件设置于间隔中,所述弹性件的两端分别与所述吸能层和所述座体连接。
进一步的,所述座体的底部设有与所述缓冲空间连通的透水孔,所述缓冲空间和外界被所述透水孔连通。
进一步的,所述减振器的一端与船体固定连接且垂直于船体设置,所述绞接件的两端分别与所述减振器和所述座体连接,所述绞接件能够挠性移动。
进一步的,所述柜体上设有温控组件,所述温控组件包括设置于所述柜体内部的冷却模块以及设置于所述柜体顶部的热交换模块,所述冷却模块与所述热交换模块通过管道连通。
进一步的,所述冷却模块包括多个冷却板,所述冷却板的两侧与所述柜体的内壁固定连接且垂直于所述柜体设置,所述冷却板通过管道与所述热交换模块连通。
进一步的,所述热交换模块包括制冷机,所述制冷机通过角铁与所述柜体的顶部连接,所述制冷机通过管道与所述冷却板连通,所述制冷机能够向所述冷却板提供冷却液。
进一步的,所述柜体的顶部设有吊环,所述吊环经所述吸能层、抗冲击层以及塑性形变层与所述加强层连接。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,柜体包括嵌套设置的防护外层和防护内层,防护内层包括从外往内依次设置的塑性形变层和加强层,塑性形变层在遭遇剧烈冲击时,可以发生塑性形变,吸收过量的冲击,保护内部电子设备不受破坏。加强层可以增加柜体的强度,支撑柜体的内部空间。防护外层包括从外往内依次设置的吸能层以及抗冲击层,吸能层可以吸收部分冲击力,抗冲击层可以抵抗过量的冲击力。抗冲击层与塑性形变层粘接,使得防护外层和防护内层合并成一个整体,从而整体提升柜体外壳的抗冲击能力,保护柜体内部的电子设备不受损坏。
(2)本发明的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,柜体的底部设有缓冲组件,缓冲组件包括横向缓冲单元以及纵向缓冲单元,横向缓冲单元包括座体以及弹性件,柜体插装于座体中,吸能层的四周经由弹性件与座体连接,在柜体受到横向的冲击力时,弹性件能够吸收部分冲击力,抑制柜体的横向移动,还可以降低柜体的移动幅度,保证柜体内部的振动在合理范围内,防止电子设备被损坏。纵向缓冲单元包括多个可伸缩的减振器以及绞接件,减振器的一端与船体连接,减振器的另一端经由绞接件与座体连接。当柜体受到纵向的冲击力时,减振器可以吸收部分冲击力,抑制柜体的纵向运动,还可以降低柜体的移动幅度,保证柜体内部的振动在合理范围内,防止电子设备被损坏。绞接件在柜体受力不均时,可以发生相对扭转,改变柜体的受力姿态,避免减振器的发生径向的疲劳损坏。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1为本发明整体的结构示意图;
图2是图1的A处局部放大的结构示意图;
图3是本发明中柜体内部的结构示意图;
图4是本发明中柜体的俯视结构示意图;
图中,柜体100、防护外层110、吸能层111、橡胶板111a、聚氨酯泡沫111b、抗冲击层112、防护内层120、塑性形变层121、层状陶瓷板121a、钛合金板121b、加强层122、吊环130、缓冲组件200、横向缓冲单元210、座体211、透水孔211a、弹性件212、纵向缓冲单元220、减振器221、绞接件222、温控组件300、冷却模块310、热交换模块320。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例,其中,附图构成本申请一部分,并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
本实施例中的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,应用于船舶设备技术领域,仪器柜被安装于船舶上,船用电子设备被安装于仪器柜中,仪器柜能够承受强烈的冲击,保护柜内的电子设备。
请参阅图1至图4,本实施例中的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,包括:柜体100以及设置于柜体100底部的缓冲组件200。
柜体100包括嵌套设置的防护外层110和防护内层120,防护内层120包括从外往内依次设置的塑性形变层121和加强层122,塑性形变层121在遭遇剧烈冲击时,可以发生塑性形变,吸收过量的冲击,保护内部电子设备不受破坏。加强层122可以增加柜体100的强度,支撑柜体100的内部空间。防护外层110包括从外往内依次设置的吸能层111以及抗冲击层112,吸能层111可以吸收部分冲击力,抗冲击层112可以抵抗过量的冲击力。抗冲击层112与塑性形变层121粘接,使得防护外层110和防护内层120合并成一个整体,从而整体提升柜体100外壳的抗冲击能力,保护柜体100内部的电子设备不受损坏。
缓冲组件200包括横向缓冲单元210以及纵向缓冲单元220,横向缓冲单元210包括座体211以及弹性件212,柜体100插装于座体211中,吸能层111的四周经由弹性件212与座体211连接,在柜体100受到横向的冲击力时,弹性件212能够吸收部分冲击力,抑制柜体100的横向移动,还可以降低柜体100的移动幅度,保证柜体100内部的振动在合理范围内,防止电子设备被损坏。纵向缓冲单元220包括多个可伸缩的减振器221以及绞接件222,减振器221的一端与船体连接,减振器221的另一端经由绞接件222与座体211连接。当柜体100受到纵向的冲击力时,减振器221可以吸收部分冲击力,抑制柜体100的纵向运动,还可以降低柜体100的移动幅度,保证柜体100内部的振动在合理范围内,防止电子设备被损坏。绞接件222在柜体100受力不均时,可以发生相对扭转,改变柜体100的受力姿态,避免减振器221的发生径向的疲劳损坏。
在使用过程中,将减振器221的底部安装在船体上,在柜体100遭遇到剧烈冲击时,冲击波必须先后通过吸能层111、抗冲击层112、塑性形变层121和加强层122,冲击力得到削弱,难以破坏柜体100,从而对柜体100内部的电子设备提供保护。另外,设置于座体211中的弹性件212以及减振件共同作用于柜体100,可以降低柜体100的在不同方向的振幅,保护电子设备不受破坏。
请参阅图1和图2,塑性形变层121包括相互贴合的层状陶瓷板121a以及钛合金板121b,层状陶瓷板121a为层状SiC/BN陶瓷,是一种“刚柔并济”的多元化复合材料。SiC/BN陶瓷材料具有低密度、高强度、高硬度等优异性能,层状SiC/BN陶瓷使得陶瓷材料实现强韧化效果,其失效模式为非脆性断裂,具有较好的动态吸能效果和保持结构完整性的能力。钛合金板121b具有强度高、弹性模量低、抗高温和低温性能优良和抗腐蚀性强,能够有效的吸收和削弱冲击波、破片。
吸能层111包括橡胶板111a以及聚氨酯泡沫111b,两橡胶板111a包夹聚氨酯泡沫111b设置,抗冲击层112的两侧分别与橡胶板111a和层状陶瓷板121a抵接,使得防护外层110和防护内层120合并成一个整体,从而整体提升柜体100外壳的抗冲击能力。聚氨酯泡沫111b依靠材料自身的较大变形来吸收冲击力,可以阻断具有极强破坏作用的冲击波,实现对柜体100的安全防护。聚氨酯泡沫111b被两橡胶板111a夹持,橡胶板111a既可以起到支撑作用,还可以吸收一部分冲击力。
请参阅图1,座体211的中部凹陷形成用于容纳柜体100的缓冲空间,柜体100插装于缓冲空间中,柜体100的底部与座体211的内表面贴合,柜体100与座体211间隔设置,弹性件212设置于间隔中,弹性件212具体为弹簧,弹性件212的两端分别与吸能层111和座体211连接。在柜体100受到横向的冲击力时,柜体100发生移动时,弹簧可以吸收并缓慢释放冲击力,对柜体100内的电子设备进行保护。
请继续参阅图1,座体211的底部设有与缓冲空间连通的透水孔211a,缓冲空间和外界被透水孔211a连通。当缓冲空间中进水后,水可以通过透水孔211a流出,不会积聚在缓冲空间中,干扰柜体100在缓冲空间中的移动。
减振器221的一端与船体固定连接且垂直于船体设置,绞接件222的两端分别与减振器221和座体211连接,绞接件222具体为挠性钢缆,绞接件222能够挠性移动。在具体实施过程中,绞接件222的两端分别与座体211和减振器221的端部焊接,在柜体100受力不均时,绞接件222可以挠性移动,使得柜体100也扭曲移动,避免减振器221受到径向的剪切力,防止发生疲劳损坏。
请参阅图1、图3和图4,柜体100上设有温控组件300,温控组件300包括设置于柜体100内部的冷却模块310以及设置于柜体100顶部的热交换模块320,冷却模块310与热交换模块320通过管道连通。冷却模块310能够吸收柜体100内的热量,并通过管道输送给热交换模块320,热交换模块320将热量释放到空气中,完成对柜体100内部的冷却降温,防止柜体100内部的过热,造成电子设备的损坏。在具体实施过中,冷却模块310包括多个冷却板,冷却板的两侧与柜体100的内壁固定连接且垂直于柜体100设置,冷却板内设有卷绕的铜管,铜管通过管道与热交换模块320连通。热交换模块320包括制冷机,制冷机通过角铁与柜体100的顶部连接,制冷机内设有压缩机,制冷机可以将经压缩的冷却液输送给冷却板,对柜体100内部进行降温。
请参阅图1,柜体100的顶部设有吊环130,吊环130经吸能层111、抗冲击层112以及塑性形变层121与加强层122连接。借助吊环130可以非常方便地搬运和移动柜体100。
工作流程:将减振器221的底部安装在船体上,在柜体100遭遇到剧烈冲击时,冲击波必须先后通过吸能层111、抗冲击层112、塑性形变层121和加强层122,冲击力得到削弱,难以破坏柜体100,从而对柜体100内部的电子设备提供保护。另外,横向缓冲单元210以及纵向缓冲单元220共同作用于柜体100,可以降低柜体100的在不同方向的振幅,保护电子设备不受破坏。在柜体100内的电子设备运行时,温控组件300开始运行,冷却板吸收柜体100内的热量并通过管道输送给制冷机,防止柜体100内温度过高。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,包括:柜体以及设置于柜体底部的缓冲组件,
所述柜体包括嵌套设置的防护外层和防护内层,所述防护内层包括从外往内依次设置的塑性形变层和加强层;所述防护外层包括从外往内依次设置的吸能层以及抗冲击层,所述抗冲击层与所述塑性形变层抵接;
所述缓冲组件包括横向缓冲单元以及纵向缓冲单元,所述横向缓冲单元包括座体以及弹性件,所述柜体插装于所述座体中,所述吸能层的四周经由所述弹性件与所述座体连接,所述纵向缓冲单元包括多个可伸缩的减振器以及绞接件,所述减振器的一端与船体连接,所述减振器的另一端经由绞接件与所述座体连接;
所述塑性形变层包括相互贴合的层状陶瓷板以及钛合金板,所述层状陶瓷板和钛合金板能够通过塑形变形来阻断冲击力,所述加强层包括高碳钢板,所述高碳钢板设置于所述钛合金板的内侧;
所述吸能层包括橡胶板以及聚氨酯泡沫,两所述橡胶板包夹所述聚氨酯泡沫设置,所述抗冲击层的两侧分别与所述橡胶板和所述层状陶瓷板抵接;
所述座体的底部设有与缓冲空间连通的透水孔,所述缓冲空间和外界被所述透水孔连通;
所述减振器的一端与船体固定连接且垂直于船体设置,所述绞接件的两端分别与所述减振器和所述座体连接,所述绞接件能够挠性移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,所述座体的中部凹陷形成用于容纳所述柜体的缓冲空间,所述柜体插装于所述缓冲空间中,所述柜体与所述座体间隔设置,所述弹性件设置于间隔中,所述弹性件的两端分别与所述吸能层和所述座体连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,所述柜体上设有温控组件,所述温控组件包括设置于所述柜体内部的冷却模块以及设置于所述柜体顶部的热交换模块,所述冷却模块与所述热交换模块通过管道连通。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,所述冷却模块包括多个冷却板,所述冷却板的两侧与所述柜体的内壁固定连接且垂直于所述柜体设置,所述冷却板通过管道与所述热交换模块连通。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,所述热交换模块包括制冷机,所述制冷机通过角铁与所述柜体的顶部连接,所述制冷机通过管道与所述冷却板连通,所述制冷机能够向所述冷却板提供冷却液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗冲击的仪器柜,其特征在于,所述柜体的顶部设有吊环,所述吊环经所述吸能层、抗冲击层以及塑性形变层与所述加强层连接。
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