CN115216455B - Enb1基因及其编码蛋白在调控植物籽粒大小和粒重中的应用 - Google Patents
Enb1基因及其编码蛋白在调控植物籽粒大小和粒重中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
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- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract
本发明公开了蛋白质及其相关生物材料的应用。所述蛋白质为如下任一所示蛋白质:(a1)氨基酸序列为SEQ D No.1的蛋白质;(a2)将SEQ ID No.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有相同功能的蛋白质;(a3)与(a1)‑(a2)中任一所限定的氨基酸序列具有80%以上同一性且具有相同功能的蛋白质;(a4)在(a1)‑(a3)中任一所限定的蛋白质的末端连接标签后得到的融合蛋白。所述应用为如下A1)‑A4)中任一种应用,A1)在调控植物籽粒产量中的应用;A2)在调控植物籽粒传递层发育中的应用;A3)在调控植物籽粒纤维素合成中的应用;A4)在植物育种中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,尤其是涉及ENB1蛋白及其相关生物材料的应用。
背景技术
玉米(Zea mays)作为世界第一大粮食作物,它的产量密切关系着全球的粮食安全,因此提高玉米产量被视为一个亟待解决的问题。增加籽粒粒重是实现玉米增产的关键手段之一。在籽粒发育过程中,营养物质的合成和积累(即籽粒灌浆)对粒重和最终的玉米产量至关重要。灌浆期的籽粒(库)通过籽粒传递层来吸收母本植物(源)输送的营养物质,例如光合同化物蔗糖。因此,籽粒传递层扮演“源”与“库”间营养物质传输“开关”的角色,决定了籽粒从母本植物中获取营养物质的量。
籽粒传递层之所以能够转运营养物质,归因于它的细胞拥有非常发达的壁内突。然而,通过增强籽粒传递层细胞的壁内突发育来增加籽粒获取母本营养物质的量,进而使得籽粒变大和粒重增加的研究或技术尚未报道和利用。
发明内容
本发明提供了蛋白质或其相关生物材料、调控所述蛋白质编码基因的表达物质或调控所述蛋白质活性或含量的物质的应用,所述应用为如下A1)-A4)中任一种应用,
A1)在调控植物籽粒产量中的应用;A2)在调控植物籽粒传递层发育中的应用;A3)在调控植物籽粒纤维素合成中的应用;A4)在植物育种中的应用。
所述蛋白质为如下任一所示蛋白质:
(a1)氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.1的蛋白质;(a2)将SEQ ID No.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有相同功能的蛋白质;(a3)与(a1)-(a2)中任一所限定的氨基酸序列具有80%以上同一性且具有相同功能的蛋白质;(a4)在(a1)-(a3)中任一所限定的蛋白质的末端连接标签后得到的融合蛋白。
将上述蛋白质命名为ENB1蛋白,将编码上述蛋白质的核酸分子命名为ENB1基因。
上述应用中,所述植物籽粒产量可为所述植物籽粒大小和/或粒重。例如,所述籽粒产量可通过籽粒的粒重体现。
上述应用中,所述纤维素合成可通过纤维素含量体现。
上述应用中,调控所述蛋白质活性或含量的物质可为敲除所述蛋白质的编码基因的物质和/或调控所述蛋白质的编码基因表达的物质。
上述应用中,所述调控基因表达的物质可为进行如下6种调控中至少一种调控的物质:1)在所述基因转录水平上进行的调控;2)在所述基因转录后进行的调控(也就是对所述基因的初级转录物的剪接或加工进行的调控);3)对所述基因的RNA转运进行的调控(也就是对所述基因的mRNA由细胞核向细胞质转运进行的调控);4)对所述基因的翻译进行的调控;5)对所述基因的mRNA降解进行的调控;6)对所述基因的翻译后的调控(也就是对所述基因翻译的蛋白质的活性进行调控)。
上述应用中,所述调控基因表达可为抑制或降低所述基因表达,所述抑制或降低所述基因表达可通过基因敲除实现或通过基因沉默实现。
所述基因敲除(gene knockout)是指通过同源重组使特定靶基因失活的现象。基因敲除是通过DNA序列的改变使特定靶基因失活。
所述基因沉默是指在不损伤原有DNA的情况下使基因不表达或低表达的现象。基因沉默以不改变DNA序列为前提,使基因不表达或低表达。基因沉默可发生在两种水平上,一种是由于DNA甲基化、异染色质化以及位置效应等引起的转录水平的基因沉默,另一种是转录后基因沉默,即在基因转录后的水平上通过对靶标RNA进行特异性抑制而使基因失活,包括反义RNA、共抑制(co-suppression)、基因压抑(quelling)、RNA干扰(RNAi)和微小RNA(miRNA)介导的翻译抑制等。
上述应用中,所述调控基因表达的物质可为抑制或降低所述基因表达的试剂。所述抑制或降低所述基因表达的试剂可为敲除所述基因的试剂,如通过同源重组敲除所述基因的试剂,或通过CRISPR-Cas9敲除所述基因的试剂。所述抑制或降低所述基因表达的试剂可以包含靶向所述基因的多核苷酸,例如siRNA、shRNA、sgRNA、miRNA或反义RNA。
可选地,根据上述的应用,ENB1蛋白的相关生物材料为所述生物材料为下述c1)至c9)中的任一种:
c1)编码ENB1蛋白的核酸分子;c2)含有c1)所述核酸分子的表达盒;c3)含有c1)所述核酸分子的重组载体、或含有c2)所述表达盒的重组载体;c4)含有c1)所述核酸分子的重组微生物、或含有c2)所述表达盒的重组微生物、或含有c3)所述重组载体的重组微生物;c5)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物细胞系、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物细胞系;c6)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物组织、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物组织;c7)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物器官、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物器官;c8)降低c1)所述核酸分子表达的核酸分子;c9)含有c8)所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组微生物或转基因植物细胞系。
可选地,根据上述应用,c1所述核酸分子为如下d1)或d2)或d3)或d4)所示的DNA分子:
d1)核苷酸序列是序列表中SEQ ID NO.2第2685位-第7879位所示的DNA分子;d2)编码序列是序列表中SEQ ID NO.3所示的DNA分子;d3)与d1)或d2)限定的核苷酸序列具有90%或90%以上同一性,来源于玉米且编码权利要求1中所述ENB1蛋白的DNA分子;d4)在严格条件下与d1)或d2)限定的核苷酸序列杂交,且编码权利要求1中所述ENB1蛋白的DNA分子。
本发明还提供了enb1蛋白或其相关生物材料的应用,所述应用为如下A1)-A4)中任一种应用,
A1)在调控植物籽粒产量中的应用;A2)在调控植物籽粒传递层发育中的应用;A3)在调控植物籽粒纤维素合成中的应用;A4)在植物育种中的应用。
所述enb1蛋白为将氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.1所示蛋白质的第780位的甘氨酸残基突变为精氨酸残基,其它氨基酸残基保持不变所获得的蛋白质。将编码enb1蛋白的核酸分子命名为enb1基因。
enb1蛋白的相关生物材料为所述生物材料为下述e1)至e9)中的任一种:
e1)编码所述enb1蛋白的核酸分子;e2)含有e1)所述核酸分子的表达盒;e3)含有e1)所述核酸分子的重组载体、或含有e2)所述表达盒的重组载体;e4)含有e1)所述核酸分子的重组微生物、或含有e2)所述表达盒的重组微生物、或含有e3)所述重组载体的重组微生物;e5)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物细胞系、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物细胞系;e6)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物组织、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物组织;e7)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物器官、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物器官;e8)降低e1)所述核酸分子表达的核酸分子;e9)含有e8)所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组微生物或转基因植物细胞系。
e1所述核酸分子可为如下f1)或f2)所示的DNA分子:
f1)核苷酸序列是将序列表中序列如SEQ ID NO.2第2685位-第7879位所示的DNA分子的第4222位鸟嘌呤核苷酸突变为腺嘌呤核苷酸,其它核苷酸类型保持不变的DNA分子;f2)编码序列是序列表中SEQ ID NO.3所示的DNA分子的第2338位鸟嘌呤核苷酸突变为腺嘌呤核苷酸,其它核苷酸类型保持不变的DNA分子。
ENB1蛋白或其相关的生物材料或enb1蛋白或其相关的生物材料也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明还提供了植物育种的方法,所述方法为M1或M2或M3。
所述M1包括提高和/或增加出发植物中ENB1蛋白的编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性,得到具有下述至少一种特性的植物:
1)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒变大;2)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒粒重增加;3)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒传递层发育增强;4)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒纤维素含量增多。
所述M2包括抑制或降低出发植物中ENB1蛋白的编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性,得到具有下述至少一种特性的植物:
1)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒变小;2)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒粒重减小;3)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒传递层发育减弱;4)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒纤维素含量减少。
所述M3包括采用ENB1蛋白的编码基因表达水平高于玉米自交系B73的玉米自交系作为亲本,培育籽粒大小和/粒重增加的玉米品种和/或品系。例如,所述玉米自交系的ENB1蛋白的编码基因表达水平高于玉米自交系B73至少1倍、2倍或3倍。
本发明还提供了转基因植物的制备方法,所述制备方法为M4或M5。
所述M4包括向出发植物中导入提高和/或增加ENB1蛋白的编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性的物质,得到转基因植物的步骤;
所述转基因植物与所述出发植物相比,所述转基因植物具有下述至少一种特性:
1)植物籽粒变大;2)植物籽粒粒重增加;3)植物籽粒传递层发育增强;4)植物籽粒纤维素含量增多。
所述M5包括向出发植物中导入降低和/或减少ENB1蛋白的编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性的物质,得到转基因植物的步骤;
所述转基因植物与所述出发植物相比,所述转基因植物具有下述至少一种特性:
1)植物籽粒变小;2)植物籽粒粒重减小;3)植物籽粒传递层发育减弱;4)植物籽粒纤维素含量减少。
可选地,根据上述的制备方法,所述提高和/或增加ENB1蛋白编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性的物质为上c1)-c7)中任一种生物材料;所述降低和/或减少ENB1蛋白的编码基因的表达和/或ENB1蛋白的含量和/或活性的物质为上述c8)-c9)中任一种生物材料。
可选地,包含ENB1蛋白或其相关的生物材料或enb1蛋白或其相关的生物材料的产品也属于本发明的保护范围。所述产品具体为下述任意一种产品:
1)增加植物籽粒大小的产品;2)增加植物籽粒粒重的产品;3)增强植物籽粒传递层发育的产品;4)增加植物籽粒纤维素含量的产品;5)减小植物籽粒大小的产品;6)减轻植物籽粒粒重的产品;7)减弱植物籽粒传递层发育的产品;8)减少植物籽粒纤维素含量的产品。
本文中,术语“同一性”指与天然序列的序列相似性。同一性可以用肉眼或计算机软件进行评价。使用计算机软件,两个或多个序列之间的同一性可以用百分比(%)表示,其可以用来评价相关序列之间的同一性。
上述生物材料中,所述的表达盒是指能够在宿主细胞中表达基因的DNA,该DNA不但可包括启动基因转录的启动子,还可包括终止基因转录的终止子。进一步,所述表达盒还可包括增强子序列。
上文中,所述核酸分子可以是DNA,如cDNA、基因组DNA或重组DNA;所述核酸分子也可以是RNA,如mRNA、siRNA、shRNA、sgRNA、miRNA或反义RNA。
上文中,所述调控籽粒传递层发育可指调控传递层细胞壁内突的发育(例如,壁内突的增多或减少)、BAP2基因表达量、BETL9基因表达量、TCRR1基因表达量、MN1基因表达量和/或SWEET4c基因表达量。
上文中,所述植物为如下e1)至e4)中的任一种:e1)双子叶植物;e2)单子叶植物;e3)禾本科植物;e4)玉米。
本发明实施例的实验证明:ENB1基因突变可导致籽粒变小、粒重减少、籽粒纤维素含量减少、籽粒传递层发育减弱,而ENB1基因过表达使得籽粒变大、粒重增加、籽粒纤维素含量增加、籽粒传递层发育加强。因此,本发明提供的ENB1基因、其编码的蛋白质以及相关生物材料可用于调控植物籽粒产量、籽粒传递层发育、籽粒纤维素合成和/或植物育种,在提高植物如玉米的产量方面具有重大的应用推广价值。
附图说明
图1为实施例1enb1突变体和ENB1基因的克隆,其中,a为enb1突变体与W22自交系杂交后自交的F2代果穗,箭头表示enb1突变体籽粒(小而皱缩的籽粒),标尺为1cm;b为ENB1基因的克隆,图中AC492(引物序列如SEQ ID No.6-7所示)、AC906(引物序列如SEQ IDNo.8-9所示)、AC179(引物序列如SEQ ID No.10-11所示)、AC401(引物序列如SEQ D No.12-13所示)、AC906-3(引物序列如SEQ ID No.14-15所示)、AC529(引物序列如SEQ ID No.16-17所示)、Indel3(引物序列如SEQ ID No.18-19所示)和AC166(引物序列如SEQ ID No.20-21所示)为分子标记,分子标记下所标示的数字为enb1基因与该分子标记间的重组单株数;c为ENB1(Zm00001d034553)的基因结构和enb1基因相较于ENB1基因的突变位点;d为ENB1(Zm00001d034553)蛋白的结构域和突变位点。
图2为实施例1的ENB1基因的确认,其中,a为将Zm00001d034553基因和其自身启动子及终止子片段转入至Hi-II杂交玉米pApB(T0代),T0代植株与杂合植株(+/enb1)杂交后再自交,获得F2代果穗,使用与enb1紧密连锁的分子标记鉴定F2代果穗上各籽粒的基因型,选出基因型为enb1突变体的籽粒;b为具有代表性的20颗籽粒,10颗具有WT的表型,10颗具有enb1突变体的表型,标尺为1cm;c为以上20颗具有代表性籽粒的转基因鉴定。
图3为ENB1基因CRISPR/Cas9敲除的籽粒表型,其中,a为ENB1基因敲除所选用的靶点示意图,编辑位点处带下划线和粗体的文本表示核苷酸的插入;b为WT和enb1-cas9突变体籽粒中ENB1蛋白的积累;c为WT和enb1-cas9突变体籽粒的表型观察,标尺为1cm。
图4为实施例2的ENB1蛋白的系统进化树分析,Zm:Zeamays(玉米);Sb:Sorghumbicolor(高粱);Si:Setaria italica(小米);Hv:Hordeum vulgare(大麦);Ta:Triticumaestivum(小麦);Os:Oryza sativaJaponica Group(水稻);Pp:Physcomitrellapatens(小立碗藓)。
图5为enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒的纤维素含量;a为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中ENB1基因的表达;b为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中ENB1蛋白的积累;c为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中纤维素的含量;d为WT和OE过表达籽粒中ENB1基因的表达;e为WT和OE过表达籽粒中ENB1蛋白的积累;f为WT和OE过表达籽粒中纤维素的含量。
图6为enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒传递层的发育观察,a为WT和enb1突变体籽粒传递层(BETL)的纤维素特异染料的染色观察,标尺为50μm;b为WT和enb1突变体籽粒传递层(BETL)的透射电镜(TEM)观察,标尺为10μm;c为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中传递层标记基因的表达;d为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中传递层功能相关基因的表达;e为WT和OE过表达籽粒传递层(BETL)的纤维素特异染料的染色观察,标尺为50μm;f为WT和OE过表达籽粒传递层(BETL)的透射电镜(TEM)观察,标尺为10μm;g为WT和OE过表达籽粒中传递层标记基因的表达;h为WT和OE过表达籽粒中传递层功能相关基因的表达。
图7为enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒传递层的功能分析,其中,a为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中13C-蔗糖的吸收丰度;b为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中蔗糖的含量;c为WT和enb1突变体籽粒中淀粉的含量;d为WT和OE过表达籽粒中13C-蔗糖的吸收丰度;e为WT和OE过表达籽粒中蔗糖的含量;f为WT和OE过表达籽粒中淀粉的含量。
图8为enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒的大小和粒重分析,其中,a为WT和enb1突变体籽粒的表型,标尺为1cm;b为WT和enb1突变体籽粒的粒重,WT籽粒为91颗籽粒的平均粒重,enb1突变体籽粒为81颗籽粒的平均粒重;c为WT和enb1突变体籽粒的发芽率;d为WT和OE过表达籽粒的表型,标尺为1cm;e为WT和OE过表达籽粒的粒重,WT籽粒为193颗籽粒的平均粒重,OE过表达籽粒为636颗籽粒的平均粒重。
图9为ENB1基因在BETL9基因启动子驱动下的过表达,其中,a为WT和pBETL9::ENB1过表达籽粒中ENB1基因的表达;b为WT和pBETL9::ENB1过表达籽粒中ENB1蛋白的积累。
图10为ENB1基因在自然变异群体中的表达量分析,其中,a为ENB1基因在自然变异群体中表达量的分布;b为ENB1基因在自然变异群体极端材料中的表达量的分析。
图中,“ns”代表没有显著性差异;“****”代表P<0.0001;“***”代表P<0.001;“**”代表P<0.01;“*”代表P<0.05。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。以下提供的实施例可作为本技术领域普通技术人员进行进一步改进的指南,并不以任何方式构成对本发明的限制。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
如无特别说明,采用GraphPad Prism 8统计软件对数据进行处理,实验结果以平均值表示,采用Student’s t-test检验。
过表达载体pTF102记载在如下文献中:Frame,B.R.,et al.(2002).Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation ofmaize embryos using astandard binary vector system.Plant Physiology,129∶13-22。
过表达载体pHB记载在如下文献中:Yao,D.S.,et al.(2016).Maize opaque10encodes a cereal-specific protein that is essential for the properdistribution ofzeins in endosperm protein bodies.PLoS Genetics,12:e1006270.
CRISPR/Cas9基因敲除载体记载在如下文献中:Qi,W.W.,et a1.(2016).High-efficiency CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex gene editing using the glycine tRNA-processing system-based strategy in maize.BMC biotechnology,16∶58。
下述实施例中所使用的W22玉米自交系记载在如下文献中:Springer,N.M.,eta1.(2018).The maize W22 genome provides a foundation for functional genomicsand transposon biology.Nature Genetics,50:1282-1288。
下述实施例中所使用的enb1突变体(enb1)为来源于美国玉米遗传学合作种质库存中心(Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center),储藏名(Stock name)为5512K(https://www.maizegdb.org/data_center/stock?id=259022)。
下述实施例中所使用的玉米Hi-II杂交种(the hybrid line HiII)记载在如下文献中:Frame,B.R.,et al.(2002).Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediatedtransformation of maize embryos using a standard binary vector system.PlantPhysiology,129∶13-22。
下述实施例中所述的ENB1蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示,该蛋白的CDS如SEQ ID No.3所示。编码该蛋白的基因(ENB1基因)的核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNo.2的第2685位-第7879位所示。
下述实施例中所述的enb1基因的核苷酸序列为将ENB1基因序列中第4222位的G突变为A(即对应SEQ ID No.2的第6906位),其它核苷酸类型保持不变,enb1基因编码的蛋白质(enb1蛋白)的氨基酸序列为将ENB1蛋白氨基酸序列第780位Gly突变成Arg,其它氨基酸残基类型保持不变,enb1蛋白的CDS为将ENB1蛋白CDS第2338位的G突变为A,其它核苷酸类型保持不变。
RNA检测方法:收取未成熟的玉米籽粒,取其胚乳进行总RNA的抽提,并进一步反转录为cDNA。相关基因进行荧光实时定量分析,使用玉米UBIQUITIN(UBQ,GenBank登录号为BT018032)基因作为内参对照,相关基因的表达量均是相对于UBQ基因的表达量而计算出来的相对表达水平。
蛋白检测方法:收取未成熟的玉米籽粒,取其胚乳进行总蛋白的抽提。利用免疫印记的方法检测ENB1蛋白的含量,使用TUBULIN(TUB)抗体(购自Sigma-Aldrich,货号为T4026)作为内参对照。
纤维素含量检测方法:收取未成熟的玉米籽粒,取其胚乳进行纤维素的抽提。将样品研磨成粉末后使用淀粉酶处理以去除其淀粉;而后使用三氟乙酸在121℃反应90min;取其沉淀,向其中加入Updegraff试剂(乙酸:硝酸:水=8∶1∶2,体积比)在100℃反应30min;沉淀经丙酮反复洗涤后,加72%硫酸在室温条件反应1h;吸取上清与蒽酮进行反应,测定625nm处的吸光值,同时使用梯度浓度的葡萄糖标样制作标准曲线,最终完成纤维素含量的测定。
实施例1、ENB1基因的获得
一、ENB1基因的克隆
1、将玉米enb1突变体与W22玉米自交系杂交,其产生的F1代再自交获取F2代果穗。在F2代果穗上发现小而皱缩的籽粒(图1中的a),其与野生型WT(wild type,WT)籽粒的比例为1∶3,表明enb1突变为一个单基因隐性突变。
2、使用F2遗传作图群体对enb1进行基因克隆,最终将目的基因定位于1号染色体长臂的一个287Kb的区间内(图1中的b)。利用野生型WT和enb1突变体基因组作为PCR扩增模板,获取该区间内预测的8个基因。经DNA测序和比对后发现仅在Zm00001d034553基因中存在一个碱基的改变(G突变成A)(图1中的c),最终造成该基因编码蛋白的一个保守氨基酸的改变(Gly突变成Arg)(图1中的d)。因此,该基因作为候选基因,命名为ENB1基因,而将该基因如图1中的c所示G突变成A的基因命名为enb1基因。
二、ENB1基因的确认
1、enb1的转基因功能互补测试
(1)转ENB1基因的玉米制备
①过表达pTF102-ENB1重组载体的构建
过表达ENB1的重组载体pTF102-ENB1是将SEQ ID No.2所示的片段替换pTF102载体的AscI和MluI两酶切位点之间的小片段,并保持pTF102载体其它核苷酸不变。SEQ IDNo.2中,第1-2684位为启动子,第2685-7879位为基因ENB1,第7880-9949位为终止子。该重组载体表达SEQ ID No.1所示的ENB1蛋白。该载体的具体构建方法如下:
首先,以pTF102为模板使用引物Addsites-F/R在pTF102载体多克隆位点处引入两个酶切位点(AscI和MluI);然后以W22玉米自交系的基因组DNA为模板,使用引物CM-HD1-F/R和CM-QD1-F/R分两段扩增ENB1基因全长和自身启动子及末端终止子序列(如SEQ ID No.2所示);最后利用T4连接酶将以上两个片段连接到pTF102线性化好的载体中,获得重组载体pTF102-ENB1。上述的引物序列如下:
Addsites-F:CGGAATTCCGAGGCGCGCCTCGACGCGTCGCGGGATCCCG;
Addsites-R:CGGGATCCCGCGACGCGTCGAGGCGCGCCTCGGAATTCCG;
CM-HD1-F:AGGCGCGCCTAGACTGGCTTTAAGGTGATGTGAAGTATTTAGT;
CM-HD1-R:CGACGCGTCGCACACGGATCCCCATGAACG;
CM-QD1-F:AGGCGCGCCGAATAGCAATGGGTCCTTGGTCTGA;
CM-QD1-R:GGCAGGAACTGCCAAAACCT。
②pTF 102-ENB1质粒转化玉米幼胚
首先将上述的过表达pTF 102-ENB1重组载体转化至土壤农杆菌(Agrobacteriumtumefaciens)EHA105中,然后利用农杆菌介导法将该载体转化至玉米Hi-II杂交种的幼胚中,获得转基因T0代植物。
③转基因阳性植物的鉴定
抽提以上T0代玉米苗期叶片的基因组DNA,使用Bar-F/R引物进行PCR扩增和鉴定。上述的引物序列如下:
Bar-F:GAAGTCCAGCTGCCAGAAAC;Bar-R:GCACCATCGTCAACCACTAC。
能够扩增440bp片段的T0代玉米即为将过表达pTF102-ENB1重组载体成功载入的植株,将其命名为转基因阳性植株。
(2)enb1功能互补的分子鉴定
首先将以上获得的转基因阳性植株与+/enb1杂合植株(即基因组含有ENB1基因和enb1基因的杂合子)杂交,然后将后代为+/enb1且转基因阳性的植株自交,获得的果穗用于功能互补分析。抽提以上果穗上籽粒的基因组DNA,使用与突变基因紧密连锁的AC906-3-F/R和AC024-F/R引物鉴定籽粒的基因型,同时使用Bar-F/R鉴定籽粒是否含有转基因元件(即过表达pTF102-ENB1重组载体)。图2中a为F2代果穗上籽粒采用引物AC024-F/R(上图)和AC906-3-F/R(下图)扩增的电泳结果,泳道M为Marker,泳道pApB为玉米Hi-II杂交种扩增结果,泳道1-20为F2代果穗上基因型为enb1纯合的籽粒的扩增结果,将泳道1-20的籽粒分别命名为1-20。图中b为a中籽粒1-20的表型观察,其中,1-10具有WT的表型,11-20具有enb1突变体的表型。图中c为籽粒1-20采用Bar-F/R的鉴定结果,其中,泳道M为Marker,泳道+为过表达pTF102-ENB1重组载体,泳道-为PCR空白对照,泳道1-20分别为籽粒1-20的扩增结果,出现扩增条带代表籽粒中含有转基因元件,没有出现扩增条带代表籽粒中不含有转基因元件。
结果显示:带有转基因元件的enb1突变体籽粒表现为WT的表型,而不带有转基因元件的enb1突变体籽粒仍表现为突变体的表型。以上结果表明ENB1转基因能够互补enb1的突变表型。上述的引物序列如下:
AC906-3-F:CGCTTCTTTGCCAGCAAATCT;AC906-3-R:ACGTCTAACCAGTCCAGCAG;
AC024-F:TCCCACTTTTCTTCCACGCA;AC024-R:TCGGCCGAATCAATCGATCA;
Bar-F:GAAGTCCAGCTGCCAGAAAC;Bar-R:GCACCATCGTCAACCACTAC。
2、ENB1基因的CRISPR/Cas9敲除
(1)ENB1基因敲除的玉米制备
①ENB1基因CRISPR/Cas9敲除载体的构建
将包含ENB1基因中两个20bp的靶点核苷酸的合成片段经PstI酶切后连接到CRISPR/Cas9敲除载体中,完成ENB1基因的敲除载体的构建。该合成片段序列如SEQ IDNo.4所示,其中,第7-378位为sgRNA启动子,第493-512位和666-685位为靶点核苷酸。
②CRISPR/Cas9敲除载体转化玉米幼胚
将上述敲除载体转化至土壤农杆菌EHA105中,然后利用农杆菌介导法将该载体转化至玉米Hi-II杂交种的幼胚中,获得转基因T0代植物。
③转基因植物的编辑鉴定
PCR扩增包含两个靶点的片段,经TA克隆后测序,获取ENB1基因的编辑信息(图3中的a)。将敲除ENB1基因的植株命名为enb1-cas9突变体(enb1-cas9),其中,1#在ENB1基因的第二个靶点第17位和第18位之间插入A,3#为在ENB1基因的第一个靶点第17位和第18位之间插入T,以及第二个靶点第17位和第18位之间插入C。以上两个事件均提前引入终止密码子,造成蛋白翻译提前终止。
(2)ENB1基因敲除植物中ENB1蛋白的检测
enb1-cas9突变体与W22玉米自交系杂交后再自交的分离果穗上产生的籽粒进行测序鉴定获得野生型WT籽粒和enb1-cas9突变体的籽粒,其中,野生型WT籽粒的基因型为ENB1基因纯合,enb1-cas9突变体的籽粒基因型为前述靶点序列产生了突变。
抽提野生型WT籽粒和enb1-cas9突变体的籽粒的总蛋白,使用ENB1抗体检测其含量。结果显示ENB1蛋白在基因敲除籽粒中完全消失(图3中的b),表明ENB1基因敲除成功。
(3)ENB1基因敲除籽粒的表型观察
enb1-cas9突变体的籽粒呈现出小而皱缩的表型(图3中的c),类似于enb1突变体的表型。
实施例2、ENB1编码一个纤维素合成酶
ENB1蛋白的结构域分析显示其含有两个典型的结构域,一个为RING结构域,另一个为cellulose-synthase(纤维素合成酶)结构域(图1中d)。使用ENB1蛋白的氨基酸序列进行蛋白同源分析,结果表明其与植物中的纤维素合成酶高度同源。将这些同源蛋白进行系统进化分析,结果表明ENB1蛋白与禾谷类作物中的同源蛋白在进化树上聚成明显的一支(图4)。
实施例3、enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒纤维素含量的分析
1、enb1突变减少籽粒的纤维素含量
下述使用的野生型WT籽粒为enb1突变体与W22玉米自交系杂交得到的F1代再自交得到F2代的分离果穗上产生的大而饱满的籽粒,与W22玉米自交系的表型相同;下述使用的enb1突变体籽粒为enb1突变体与W22玉米自交系杂交得到的F1代再自交得到F2代的分离果穗上产生的小而皱缩的籽粒,与enb1的表型相同。
(1)抽提野生型WT和enb1突变体籽粒的总RNA和总蛋白,检测ENB1在两组中的表达水平。相较于野生型WT,enb1突变体籽粒中ENB1下调表达(图5中a和b)。WT的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为1.369,enb1的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为0.646。
(2)抽提野生型WT和enb1突变体籽粒的纤维素并进行含量测定,结果表明enb1突变体籽粒中的纤维素含量显著减少(图5中的c)。WT每颗胚乳的平均纤维素含量为2.187毫克,enb1每颗胚乳的平均纤维素含量为0.926毫克。
2、OE过表达增加籽粒的纤维素含量
(1)将前文所述的pTF102-ENB1重组载体导入W22玉米自交系中,具体转化方法和鉴定方法与实施例1相同,以实现ENB1在W22玉米自交系中过表达。将成功载入pTF102-ENB1重组载体的植株命名为OE过表达植株。OE过表达植株与W22玉米自交系杂交得到的F1代再自交得到F2代,F2代的果穗上产生的籽粒,使用Bar-F/R通过PCR鉴定籽粒是否含有转基因元件(即过表达pTF102-ENB1重组载体)。将不含转基因元件的籽粒命名为野生型WT籽粒,含转基因元件的籽粒命名为OE过表达(OE)籽粒。
(2)抽提野生型WT和OE过表达籽粒的总RNA和总蛋白,检测ENB1在两组中的表达水平。相较于野生型WT,OE过表达籽粒中的ENB1上调表达(图5中的d和e)。WT的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为1.280,OE的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为2.247。
(3)抽提野生型WT和OE过表达籽粒的纤维素并进行含量测定,结果表明OE过表达籽粒中的纤维素含量显著增加(图5中的f)。WT每颗胚乳的平均纤维素含量为2.293毫克,OE每颗胚乳的平均纤维素含量为3.228毫克。
实施例4、enb1突变体和OE过表达籽粒传递层的观察
1、enb1突变减弱籽粒传递层的发育
(1)使用纤维素特异染料对实施例3“1、enb1突变减少籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的enb1突变体籽粒和野生型WT籽粒进行染色观察,结果显示enb1突变体中传递层细胞的壁内突(cell wall ingrowth,CWI)剧烈地减少(图6中a)。进一步的透射电镜(TEM)观察确认了enb1突变体中传递层细胞的壁内突剧烈地减少(图6中b)。
(2)使用qPCR检测传递层特异的标记基因和功能相关基因的表达量。
采用引物具体如下:
BAP2-F:ACAAGTGGGCACACCAAAGAGG;BAP2-R:ACAAGTATGTTGCCCGATGCC
BETL9-F:TGGCTACAAGTGCGGGAGTTATAC;BETL9-R:TACCACATGTCCCAACCACTCC
TCRR1-F:CCCGTGTTGATTGCCTTGTTGC;TCRR1-R:AGGTCCACATGACTGTTGTTCGC
MN1-F:ACGGACATCTCGAACGGCAAGATA;MN1-R:CGTTCATGACCGGCTTCTTCATCT
SWEET4c-F:AGTCAACCATGATGGAGGTGGTCA;SWEET4c-R:ACGACGACGCTATGTATGTGGCTT
结果显示:相较于野生型WT,enb1突变体中以上基因均显著下调表达(图6中c和d),其中,enb1的BAP2表达仅为WT的0.617倍,BETL9表达仅为WT的0.537倍,TCRR1表达仅为WT的0.280倍,MN1表达仅为WT的0.617倍,SWEET4c表达仅为WT的0.541倍。以上结果表明enb1基因破坏了传递层的发育。
2、OE过表达增强籽粒传递层的发育
(1)使用纤维素特异染料对实施例3“2、OE过表达增加籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的OE过表达籽粒和野生型WT籽粒进行染色观察,发现OE籽粒中传递层细胞的壁内突(CWI)显著地增多(图6中e)。进一步的透射电镜(TEM)观察确认了OE籽粒中传递层细胞的壁内突显著地增多(图6中f)。
(2)使用qPCR检测传递层特异的标记基因和功能相关基因的表达量。结果显示:相较于野生型WT籽粒,OE籽粒中以上基因均显著上调表达(图6中g和h),其中,OE的BAP2表达为WT的1.623倍,BETL9表达为WT的1.211倍,TCRR1表达为WT的1.110倍,MN1表达为WT的1.487倍,SWEET4c表达为WT的1.345倍。以上结果表明ENB1基因过表达增强了传递层的发育。
实施例5、enb1突变体和OE过表达植物中“源”与“库”间营养传输的分析
灌浆期的籽粒(库)通过传递层来吸收母本植物(源)输送的营养物质如光合同化物蔗糖,以保证籽粒的正常发育和生长。因此,传递层扮演“源”与“库”间营养物质传输“开关”的角色。
13C-蔗糖的吸收丰度检测方法:使用含13C-蔗糖的培养基培养未成熟籽粒12h,之后将其胚乳真空冻干,使用球磨仪磨成粉末,过300目的筛子,最后使用稳定同位素比质谱仪测定样品中13C-蔗糖的丰度。
蔗糖和淀粉的含量检测方法:(1)蔗糖含量的测定方法:使用球磨仪将未成熟籽粒的胚乳于80%的乙醇中打碎;将以上混合物置于85℃水浴锅中反应15min;离心后取上清,并蒸干;加双蒸水溶解沉淀,将其稀释合适倍数后,使用离子色谱测定样品中的蔗糖含量。(2)淀粉含量的测定方法:收取未成熟籽粒胚乳,将其研磨成粉末后,使用淀粉含量测定试剂盒(amyloglucosidase/a-amylase starch assay kit)(Megazyme公司,货号为K-TSTA-100A)测定样品中的淀粉含量,具体操作方法见试剂盒说明书。
1、enb1突变减弱“源”与“库”间营养传输
(1)使用含13C-蔗糖的培养基培养实施例3“1、enb1突变减少籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的野生型WT和突变体enb1籽粒,结果显示突变体enb1中13C-蔗糖的吸收丰度为14.32,显著低于野生型WT中的237.22(图7中a),表明enb1突变大大削弱了传递层运输营养物质如蔗糖的能力。
(2)相较于野生型WT籽粒,突变体enb1籽粒中的蔗糖和淀粉的含量均显著降低(图7中b和c),具体为突变体enb1每颗胚乳中的蔗糖含量为0.594毫克,野生型WT每颗胚乳中的蔗糖含量为1.592毫克;突变体enb1每颗胚乳中的淀粉含量为1.467毫克,野生型WT每颗胚乳中的淀粉含量为11.043毫克,进一步表明传递层的功能出现严重缺陷。
以上结果表明,enb1基因破坏母本植物源(源)与籽粒(库)间的营养传输。
2、OE过表达增强“源”与“库”间营养传输
(1)使用含13C-蔗糖的培养基培养实施例3“2、OE过表达增加籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的OE过表达籽粒和野生型WT籽粒,结果显示OE过表达籽粒中13C-蔗糖的吸收丰度为169.56,显著高于野生型WT的75.12(图7中d),)表明ENB1过表达显著增强了传递层运输营养物质如蔗糖的能力。
(2)相较于野生型WT籽粒,OE过表达籽粒中蔗糖和淀粉的含量均显著上升(图7中e和f),具体为OE过表达每颗胚乳中的蔗糖含量为1.627毫克,野生型WT每颗胚乳中的蔗糖含量为1.167毫克;OE过表达每颗胚乳中的淀粉含量为8.151毫克,野生型WT每颗胚乳中的淀粉含量为7.626毫克,进一步表明传递层的功能增强。
以上结果表明,ENB1基因过表达增强母本植物源(源)与籽粒(库)间的营养传输。
实施例6、enb1突变体和oE过表达的籽粒大小和粒重分析
基于ENB1能够通过调控母本植物源(源)与籽粒(库)间营养传输,进而调控籽粒获取营养物质的量,因而对其成熟籽粒进行粒重测定。
粒重:选取果穗中间部位的籽粒用于粒重测定。首先单独称量每个籽粒的重量并记录好数据,然后鉴定以上籽粒的基因型,最后对各基因型籽粒的粒重采用Wilcoxon RankSum test检测进行统计分析。
萌发:将成熟籽粒放入湿润的发芽纸上,包裹完成后将发芽纸置于含水的烧杯中,最后连同烧杯一起放在光照培养箱中。培养条件为光照16h,温度28℃;黑暗8h,温度22℃。待培养至第9天时,统计发芽率。
1、enb1突变剧烈地降低粒重
观察实施例3“1、enb1突变减少籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的野生型WT和enb1突变体的籽粒,发现enb1突变体籽粒小而皱缩(图8中的a)。进一步的粒重结果显示:enb1突变体籽粒的平均粒重仅为0.032克/颗,而WT籽粒的平均粒重为0.177克/颗,(图8中的b),表明enb1基因剧烈地减少粒重。然而,enb1突变体籽粒的发芽率与野生型WT没有显著性差异,其中,野生型WT籽粒的平均发芽率为99%,enb1突变体籽粒的为98%(图8中的c),表明enb1突变体籽粒即使变小,但其发芽活性未受到影响。
2、过表达OE显著地增加粒重
观察实施例3中“2、OE过表达增加籽粒的纤维素含量”中获得的野生型WT籽粒和OE过表达籽粒(OE),显示OE过表达籽粒变大。进一步的粒重结果显示:OE过表达籽粒的平均粒重为0.185克/颗,而WT籽粒的平均粒重为0.181克/颗,统计分析结果表明OE过表达籽粒的粒重显著高于WT籽粒(图8中的e),表明ENB1基因的过表达显著地增加粒重。
实施例7、ENB1基因在BETL9基因启动子驱动下的过表达
使用传递层特异表达基因BETL9的启动子驱动ENB1基因的过表达(pBETL9::ENB1)。
1、pBETL9::ENB1过表达载体的构建
(1)使用EcoRI和HindIII切除过表达载体pHB的双35S启动子;
(2)扩增BETL9基因ATG上游约2kb的片段作为其启动子;
(3)扩增ENB1基因的编码序列,如SEQ DNo.3所示序列;
(4)将BETL9基因的启动子序列和ENB1基因的编码序列依次连接至无双35S启动子的pHB载体中,生成pBETL9::ENB1过表达载体。BETL9基因的启动子序列为SEQ ID No.5所示序列。pBETL9::ENB1过表达载体为将BETL9基因的启动子序列和ENB1基因的编码区序列替换无双35S启动子的pHB载体中的EcoRI和HindIII两酶切位点之间的小片段,并保持无双35S启动子的pHB载体其它核苷酸不变所获得的载体。
2、pBETL9::ENB1过表达载体转化玉米幼胚
将上述过表达载体转化至土壤农杆菌EHA105中,然后利用农杆菌介导法将该载体转化至玉米Hi-II杂交种的幼胚中,获得转基因T0代植物。
抽提以上T0代植物苗期叶片的基因组DNA,使用Bar-F/R引物进行PCR扩增和鉴定。上述的引物序列如下:
Bar-F:GAAGTCCAGCTGCCAGAAAC;Bar-R:GCACCATCGTCAACCACTAC。
能够扩增440bp的片段的T0代植物即为将pBETL9::ENB1过表达载体成功载入的植株,将其命名为T0代阳性植物。
3、ENB1基因在pBETL9::ENB1植物中的表达量检测
将上述T0代阳性植物与W22自交系杂交,从其产生的分离果穗上取籽粒。通过使用Bar-F/R引物进行PCR扩增和鉴定,将不含转基因元件的野生型WT籽粒作为对照组(WT),将含转基因元件的籽粒作为pBETL9::ENB1过表达的实验组(pBETL9::ENB1)。抽提两组的总RNA和总蛋白,检测ENB1的表达量。
在RNA水平上,WT的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为0.874,pBETL9::ENB1的ENB1基因相对于UBQ基因的平均表达水平为2.185,表明ENB1基因在pBETL9::ENB1过表达的籽粒中显著上调(图9a)。此外,在蛋白水平上,pBETL9::ENB1中的ENB1蛋白积累量显著高于WT(图9b)。以上结果表明BETL9基因的启动子能够成功驱动ENB1基因过表达。
实施例8、ENB1基因在自然变异群体中的表达量分析
使用已发表的玉米自然变异群体的籽粒转录组测序数据库进行ENB1表达量的分析。结果显示:ENB1的表达水平在这368份玉米自交系材料中呈现正态分布的状态(图10中的a),存在ENB1极高和极低表达量的自然变异材料(图10中的b)。该368份转录组数据发表在如下文献中:Fu J.J.,et al.(2013).RNA sequencing reveals the complexregulatory network in the maize kernel.Nature Communications,4∶2832.ENB1极高表达量的自然变异材料在其表达量上比常用的B73(FPKM:12.654)材料高约3倍,这些自然变异材料在增加籽粒大小和粒重方面具有潜在的应用价值。
以上对本发明进行了详述。对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的宗旨和范围,以及无需进行不必要的实验情况下,可在等同参数、浓度和条件下,在较宽范围内实施本发明。虽然本发明给出了特殊的实施例,应该理解为,可以对本发明作进一步的改进。总之,按本发明的原理,本申请欲包括任何变更、用途或对本发明的改进,包括脱离了本申请中已公开范围,而用本领域已知的常规技术进行的改变。按以下附带的权利要求的范围,可以进行一些基本特征的应用。
序列表
<110> 中国农业大学
<120> ENB1 基因及其编码蛋白在调控植物籽粒大小和粒重中的应用
<160> 21
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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<213> 玉米(Zea mays)
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gaatagcaat gggtccttgg tctgaaggta tcttcatgca aagatatgct ggatgaagaa 60
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ccatcagctc aaaaaagtgg aagtgagttc accggaggtg ggcgccaatg ttggggactt 660
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ggttatacct tcataaacac gacaaataat gaggaaggat aaaaaatatg taaaataatt 840
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agggcgcctg agcacaacga ggaggcagat gccgatggcg ctagcgacga tgattatatg 1320
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gggttgttag gttttgtcga gtggatagga tcccggatcg ttgggaggac gtgtgcaggt 1440
gcaggtgggg gcatggccgg gagggagtgg atgcgagaaa tgggaggtgt gggggcggcg 1500
gtccgaggag aaggggttgg agcggatttt gcgagcacgg ggaggcaggc gcggacgcat 1560
gcgtgtgcgc ggagagggag cgagggatgg tagtgcgtct agtgtcgtgg cctacattat 1620
taatttaata gatagtacat attatattgg gtcctcctac ttattatcta catatctatg 1680
tgactatgtg ttccaaacta aaaagctaga tataacgatc tagatatatt cggagcgagt 1740
ggatccgaat tcatgcttaa cgacattgct ccaccttggc ctaggcaaac aatcagttct 1800
accttgtagt ggcacgaata cacgtatgtg atgatactgt atttgtacac gatcacagtg 1860
gaaactcaac tgttcggctg tttgacagca tatgtgcagc tgtgacctta aggatccaca 1920
cattccattc catgacattc cttaaaaaaa accccccatc ctacgacatt cattcattcc 1980
cgtccgtcct tcgggcagtc ctccactcct cctccagcgg cattgcggca gccaaccaat 2040
ccccagctgt cgcgcgttgc cgcagtccct gccactcggc cccacacgcc ctctccagag 2100
tccagctgtg cggccgacca cgagagcgag gtctcgacat ggactccccc acgtacatcg 2160
ctgtcctgtg gtccccgtcc accccaccgc taatcccatt ccccacctgg cctcccccac 2220
gcgaaaacta acagccaaaa ccaaggacag atcaactcca acctcgcaag cgaatccaaa 2280
attacccagc aaaatcccgg ggtttatcac tcaatcaccg atcgctaaac cccggcacca 2340
cgcaagcaag gtggtaacac gccgatccaa tccgcacggc attgcctcgt gtgcgcgtcc 2400
ccccacccca ccccaccccg tcgccgtctc gtcggtgccg cgtccctttt cccctccccc 2460
ctccgtcgcc gcctcgagcg agctccacca cttgctcctg cgcgaggtga acactgggtt 2520
agggccactg ccaccgctgg gctgcctctg cttctgcctc tcccgccagc gcgcgagccc 2580
gggggcgatt cggcgccggc acgcgggagg ggaagccgag gaatgcggtg agtcggcggg 2640
ggtccggcgt ttgtgaactc gtggagggct cggattggtg cgccatggac ggcggcgacg 2700
ccacggtgag tggcacgcat ttcgggggac gggggttggg ggaattatag ggagtagcag 2760
gagggttttc tcccgcggtt tgttcgttac tgaaggtgtt ttcgtgtgtg tgtcttttgg 2820
gtttggttta tctgcgcgcg tgcgaagaat tcggggaagc atgtggccgg gcaggtgtgc 2880
cagatctgcg gcgacggcgt gggcaccgcg gcggacggcg acctcttcac cgcctgcgac 2940
gtctgcggct tccccgtgtg ccgcccatgc tacgagtacg agcgcaagga cggcacccag 3000
gcgtgcccgc agtgcaagac taagtacaag cgccacaaag gtatggccaa ccgccgccat 3060
ttccaccgat ttccatgtac tccaggttga gtgcagcagg ctaggctgca acagccactg 3120
aaatcaagca ggtagttgtg ttttaatcgc taggaacagg taatagttca gtgtttggca 3180
aatttattca gattctcacc gtaagctagc tctctcagtg aactgtactc gaattgtagt 3240
ttcgagtcac attgccgcca agagccacaa gagtggaatt ctttggcttc aaccgaggct 3300
gaatcttatt ctttactcaa tcgtgttctg ttgttcaggg agcccaccag tacacggtga 3360
ggaaaatgag gatgtggatg ctgacgatgt gagtgactac aactaccaag catctggcaa 3420
ccaggatcag aagcaaaaga ttgctgagag aatgctcacc tggcggacaa actcacgtgg 3480
cagtgatatt ggcctggcta agtatgacag cggtgaaatt gggcatggga agtatgacag 3540
tggtgagatc cctcgtggat atatcccgtc actaactcat agccaggttg gagttgaaac 3600
tttagacttt taaggcgatt gtgttaaata tagttcagaa gacataacta atattcagtt 3660
ccttcatatg aatcgtattt acagatctca ggagagattc ctggagcttc ccctgatcat 3720
atgatgtctc ctgttgggaa cattggcagg cgtggacatc aatttcctta tgtaaatcat 3780
tctcgtaggt gtctcgatca tcaatatctc atgttttgtt ggttactgtt gcatctgcta 3840
tgatctaatc tctgcggcct ggttcttatc agcaaaccca tcgagggagt tctccggtag 3900
ccttggcaat gttgcatgga aagagagggt ggatggatgg aaaatgaagg ataaaggtgc 3960
aattcctatg accaatggaa caagcattgc tccatcagaa gggcgtggag ttgctgatat 4020
tgatgcttct actgattata acatggaaga tgccttactg taagttcaca attcacatat 4080
gcttgtgcgt acctttcgcg agctccaaat gtaccaataa ttaatgtttc ctcctttata 4140
tgtactagca ctgttaacag tagtttgcac tttggcgtgt tcagaaatct aagacagttt 4200
gtcaaatcat gccttttgaa caaaatttat gcagatgact gatgtcagtg gaaatacttg 4260
tacgttatat tatatatatg aatgcagatg tcggttatcg ctatcaaaca tgtaaatgct 4320
gactttcatg gcacttttag caataacttt ttgtggatcc atattgcagg aatgatgaaa 4380
ctcggcaacc tctatctaga aaagtgccaa ttccttcatc cagaataaat ccgtacagaa 4440
tggtcattgt gctacgtttg gctgttctat gcatattctt gcgctaccgt atcacacatc 4500
ctgtgaacaa tgcatatcca ctgtggcttt tatccgtcat atgtgagatc tggtttgctt 4560
tgtcctggat tttggatcag ttcccaaagt ggtccccaat caaccgtgaa acataccttg 4620
atagactggc tttaaggtga tgtgaagtat ttagtgctaa ctcaaaaggg tatttgttgt 4680
tctattactg acaatttcac aatactactt ccattgtcag gtatgaccga gaaggtgaac 4740
catctcaatt agctcctgtt gatatctttg tcagtactgt ggatcctatg aaggagcctc 4800
ctcttgtcac tgcaaatact gtgctttcca tccttgctgt cgattatccg gttgacaagg 4860
tatcttgcta tgtttcggat gatggagctg ctatgctgac ttttgatgct ctctctgaaa 4920
cttcagagtt tgctagaaaa tgggttccgt tctgtaagaa gtacaacata gagcctaggg 4980
ctccggaatg gtactttgct cagaaaattg attacttgaa agacaaagtt caaacttcat 5040
ttgtgaaaga acgccgggcc atgaaggtat atttgatact tatatatatg catgtaggtt 5100
ttggcagttc ctgccgctga atgacgttaa tttgtatctt taaacatact tgacagagag 5160
aatatgaaga attcaaagtt cgtatcaatg gtcttgtagc caatgcacaa aaagttcccg 5220
aggagggatg gatcatgcaa gatggtacac cttggcctgg gaacaatact agggaccatc 5280
ctggaatgat tcaggttaag ctcaattttc ctccctaaac tatttggcca cagcatatat 5340
ctttcctgca ctgaatgatt attgttgtaa acattttaaa ctcaaaattg tggtcattct 5400
caggttttcc tgggtcacag tggagggctt gacgttgaag gcaatgaact tcctcgtttg 5460
gtttatgtgt ctcgtgaaaa acgtcctgga ttccaacatc acaagaaggc tggtgccatg 5520
aatgcacttg tgagtggcta aatacagaat ttcagaatgt gtcttgctaa ctttagttac 5580
ttggatgtaa tggaggttta atattttctg caggttcgtg tatcagctgt ccttactaat 5640
gggcaataca tgttgaatct tgactgtgac cactacatca ataatagcaa ggctcttcga 5700
gaagctatgt gcttccttat ggacccaaac ctaggaagga atgtctgtta tgtccaattt 5760
cctcagaggt ttgatggtat tgataggaat gaccgatatg caaacaggaa cactgtgttt 5820
ttcgatgtaa gctagcatta ctctttaaag atttttgggc ctctcacctc cacattttaa 5880
tgaggcataa agaaaacttg atgaattagt tatgctaata cttgttatgc gatgaagttt 5940
ttgataatcc cagtgaatgt gccaggtaat tatctgtatt tctgtttgct gcagattaac 6000
ttgagaggtc ttgacggcat tcaagggcca gtttatgtgg gaactggttg tgtgtttaac 6060
agaacggcct tatatggtta tgagcctcca gtcaagaaaa aaaagccagg cttcttctct 6120
tcgctttgtg ggggaaggaa aaagacgtca aaatctaaga agagctcgga aaagaagaag 6180
tcacatagac acgcagacag ttctgtacca gtatttaatc tcgaagatat agaggaaggg 6240
attgaaggta tcattgagtt gtctgtttta atttgagtag atgtgcattc aatatttctt 6300
attttttgac acaatgatta atctgtccat ttattcatcg tatttgttgt aaatctaagg 6360
taccatagac aagtggaatt acctttcttt tatccttgaa cttttacctt gcacttcaca 6420
atcttcatag gttctcagtt tgatgatgag aaatcgctga ttatgtctca aatgagcttg 6480
gagaagagat ttggccagtc cagtgttttt gtagcctcta ctctgatgga atatggcggt 6540
gttccacaat ctgcaactcc agagtctctt ctgaaagaag ctattcatgt catcagctgt 6600
ggctatgagg acaaaactga ctggggaact gaggtaacga ctcctgaagt tataactttg 6660
taacatcagt gttgctgatg cttgtgctat tacttgctaa gaaatgtcga gatatgaatt 6720
gatgtttcct tgtctggttt gctcgtaaaa cctttgattt tgtgataaat acctaatctg 6780
ttgttggaaa tgatatattt gttattgaat cgaagagaaa gaaatgttta ttaattgtaa 6840
gtctttaata tggtgcaccg cagattgggt ggatctatgg ttctgttaca gaagacattc 6900
tcaccggatt caagatgcat gctcgaggct ggcgatcaat ctactgcatg cctaagcgac 6960
cagctttcaa gggatctgct cctatcaacc tttcggatcg tttgaatcaa gtgcttcggt 7020
gggctcttgg ttccattgaa attcttttca gcaggcattg tcccatatgg tatggctatg 7080
gaggtcggct taaattcctg gagagatttg cttatatcaa cacaacaatt tatccactca 7140
catcaatccc gctcctcctg tactgcatat tgccagcagt ttgtcttctc actgggaagt 7200
tcatcatccc aaaggtaaag cgcacacatt aatgtactgt gcaggaagat ttgcaaagaa 7260
ttgattctga ctgcccttat tttctcgaat gcagattagt aacctagaga gtgtttggtt 7320
tatatcgctc tttatctcaa tctttgccac tggtatcctt gagatgaggt ggagtggtgt 7380
tggcattgat gaatggtgga ggaacgagca gttctgggtc attggtggta tttctgcgca 7440
tttatttgcc gtcttccagg gtctcctgaa ggtgcttgct ggtatcgaca cgagcttcac 7500
tgtcacctct aaggccactg acgaagaagg tgattttgcc gagctctaca tgttcaagtg 7560
gacaacgctt ctgatcccac caaccactat tttgatcatc aacctggtcg gcgtggtcgc 7620
tggcatttcc tacgcaatca atagcggtta ccagtcatgg ggacctcttt tcgggaagct 7680
cttctttgcg ttctgggtga ttgtccacct gtaccccttc ctcaagggcc tcatggggaa 7740
gcagaaccgc acgccgacca ttgtcgttgt ctgggctatc ctccttgcgt cgatcttttc 7800
cctgatgtgg gttcgtatcg atccattcac cacccgggtc actggtcctg atatcgcgaa 7860
atgtggcatc aactgctagg atgagctgaa gataattaaa gagtggaact agacgcattg 7920
tgcatcgtaa gttatcagtg ggtggctctt tttatagtat ggtaggaact tggtcgggag 7980
acgttaatta catatgctat atgtacctcc gctggtcttt atccgtaagt taatatatat 8040
actgctttga gaattatgta tgggcaacag gttgtttact tgattttgtg tgtacatatt 8100
taaatgtctc tgccaatatc aaatgcatta accatgaagt atcaattgtc gttgcgtttc 8160
caaaaaaaaa aaaccgaatg ctacaccaac caattaacaa acacaattat ttaacaccat 8220
tttctataag ttttttttgg tataccctcg tatgtacagg ctataaactg ctcaaaaact 8280
agcctatcct akctcttatc acttatcagc gcagggctgt gggcgaaccg tcctggattt 8340
tccccattgt acattctggc atggcatgtg atctgtgtat tgcccttacc gccctgtatt 8400
cttaggtcgt tgatttgcaa gctatgtctt ggcatgtttt tttgaatata ttttttttta 8460
taaataactg cgaatataga cgctgttgtt acacgcgcat aggccgacag gttacactcg 8520
tcccaaatat tccccggtta cactggaacc aaaaattcca ctagtaagag atgatcagac 8580
catcaaactg tccctgtctt ctttcaattt tgagtcttat cttcacaaaa aattccgctc 8640
cggtttagcg aaagggcaat caacacactt acacacagat ggtcatgttg ccaccctttc 8700
gtcagggcat ttcctgcagt aagagtgaga gagcgcaacc gcttcgctgt gaaggggtgg 8760
gcgatgcacc ctttagatct agtttgggtg agtattaatc ataatccata tgtattaagg 8820
tgtattgaag tgtaacttaa actaatttac acctcaatct acctcaacat atatgaattg 8880
aggttaatat tagagtaccc aaacaaagcc ttagcgagtg actgtagccg acatacaagg 8940
tacagggaaa ggggaggggg ccgtgcacag cgagcgctgc ggacagctta agccgcaact 9000
tgtttgtacg agacgccgtt gttattgact atgggtctgt ttggttgggc tgtggctgtg 9060
aaaaaagctg ctgtggactg tgagctgtgg gaaaaactgc tgtgggctgt gaactgttaa 9120
aaagctaaaa accatttggt cgaaaccact aaaaatcgtt aaaagttatt cgatatacgt 9180
tttcacagtt ccatctaaaa gttactaaaa gcaggttcag gggtgctttc atttttgcac 9240
tgcgagaaag tcggctttta gaaaaaactg cttccttgat ccaacccttt ggtttggctt 9300
ttggctttta ggagacaaaa gccaaagcca aaagtcaaac caaacacacc ctatatttta 9360
cacacgtagc agctagcagc tttaacggct ggtttggtgg atatagaaat gaagggaacc 9420
tatgaacagg aagcccttct atttgtctat ccaccaaaac agccataatc aatctcagcc 9480
acaaccaggt aatgagcaaa gaggtcacag gttgagatgg taatggagat ccgatctccg 9540
tggggaattc ttccattaga ggatgaggac gtttcctccc atgggatgta aacgggaaaa 9600
aaattcttct caaacgggta aatgaggaca tgatggggaa ttcatgttcc ccgcggtgac 9660
ccgttaaact tacacatgcc aacgtttcat atactagtta atgattaaaa taaataatta 9720
ccttatcaag agataagtca ttgtaaaatg tatttatttt gatgtacaca taatgatttc 9780
ttacatctaa caatatgtac aagtgataat gttttacgtt aataatatat aaagtacgtc 9840
ttaattataa tttaagcggg tacggggatt cccgattagg atttattccc gtggggaatg 9900
gagatgagga agaaatgtct ccgtaagcgt tcatggggat ccgtgtgcg 9949
<210> 3
<211> 3231
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
atggacggcg gcgacgccac gaattcgggg aagcatgtgg ccgggcaggt gtgccagatc 60
tgcggcgacg gcgtgggcac cgcggcggac ggcgacctct tcaccgcctg cgacgtctgc 120
ggcttccccg tgtgccgccc atgctacgag tacgagcgca aggacggcac ccaggcgtgc 180
ccgcagtgca agactaagta caagcgccac aaagggagcc caccagtaca cggtgaggaa 240
aatgaggatg tggatgctga cgatgtgagt gactacaact accaagcatc tggcaaccag 300
gatcagaagc aaaagattgc tgagagaatg ctcacctggc ggacaaactc acgtggcagt 360
gatattggcc tggctaagta tgacagcggt gaaattgggc atgggaagta tgacagtggt 420
gagatccctc gtggatatat cccgtcacta actcatagcc agatctcagg agagattcct 480
ggagcttccc ctgatcatat gatgtctcct gttgggaaca ttggcaggcg tggacatcaa 540
tttccttatg taaatcattc tccaaaccca tcgagggagt tctccggtag ccttggcaat 600
gttgcatgga aagagagggt ggatggatgg aaaatgaagg ataaaggtgc aattcctatg 660
accaatggaa caagcattgc tccatcagaa gggcgtggag ttgctgatat tgatgcttct 720
actgattata acatggaaga tgccttactg aatgatgaaa ctcggcaacc tctatctaga 780
aaagtgccaa ttccttcatc cagaataaat ccgtacagaa tggtcattgt gctacgtttg 840
gctgttctat gcatattctt gcgctaccgt atcacacatc ctgtgaacaa tgcatatcca 900
ctgtggcttt tatccgtcat atgtgagatc tggtttgctt tgtcctggat tttggatcag 960
ttcccaaagt ggtccccaat caaccgtgaa acataccttg atagactggc tttaaggtat 1020
gaccgagaag gtgaaccatc tcaattagct cctgttgata tctttgtcag tactgtggat 1080
cctatgaagg agcctcctct tgtcactgca aatactgtgc tttccatcct tgctgtcgat 1140
tatccggttg acaaggtatc ttgctatgtt tcggatgatg gagctgctat gctgactttt 1200
gatgctctct ctgaaacttc agagtttgct agaaaatggg ttccgttctg taagaagtac 1260
aacatagagc ctagggctcc ggaatggtac tttgctcaga aaattgatta cttgaaagac 1320
aaagttcaaa cttcatttgt gaaagaacgc cgggccatga agagagaata tgaagaattc 1380
aaagttcgta tcaatggtct tgtagccaat gcacaaaaag ttcccgagga gggatggatc 1440
atgcaagatg gtacaccttg gcctgggaac aatactaggg accatcctgg aatgattcag 1500
gttttcctgg gtcacagtgg agggcttgac gttgaaggca atgaacttcc tcgtttggtt 1560
tatgtgtctc gtgaaaaacg tcctggattc caacatcaca agaaggctgg tgccatgaat 1620
gcacttgttc gtgtatcagc tgtccttact aatgggcaat acatgttgaa tcttgactgt 1680
gaccactaca tcaataatag caaggctctt cgagaagcta tgtgcttcct tatggaccca 1740
aacctaggaa ggaatgtctg ttatgtccaa tttcctcaga ggtttgatgg tattgatagg 1800
aatgaccgat atgcaaacag gaacactgtg tttttcgata ttaacttgag aggtcttgac 1860
ggcattcaag ggccagttta tgtgggaact ggttgtgtgt ttaacagaac ggccttatat 1920
ggttatgagc ctccagtcaa gaaaaaaaag ccaggcttct tctcttcgct ttgtggggga 1980
aggaaaaaga cgtcaaaatc taagaagagc tcggaaaaga agaagtcaca tagacacgca 2040
gacagttctg taccagtatt taatctcgaa gatatagagg aagggattga aggttctcag 2100
tttgatgatg agaaatcgct gattatgtct caaatgagct tggagaagag atttggccag 2160
tccagtgttt ttgtagcctc tactctgatg gaatatggcg gtgttccaca atctgcaact 2220
ccagagtctc ttctgaaaga agctattcat gtcatcagct gtggctatga ggacaaaact 2280
gactggggaa ctgagattgg gtggatctat ggttctgtta cagaagacat tctcaccgga 2340
ttcaagatgc atgctcgagg ctggcgatca atctactgca tgcctaagcg accagctttc 2400
aagggatctg ctcctatcaa cctttcggat cgtttgaatc aagtgcttcg gtgggctctt 2460
ggttccattg aaattctttt cagcaggcat tgtcccatat ggtatggcta tggaggtcgg 2520
cttaaattcc tggagagatt tgcttatatc aacacaacaa tttatccact cacatcaatc 2580
ccgctcctcc tgtactgcat attgccagca gtttgtcttc tcactgggaa gttcatcatc 2640
ccaaagatta gtaacctaga gagtgtttgg tttatatcgc tctttatctc aatctttgcc 2700
actggtatcc ttgagatgag gtggagtggt gttggcattg atgaatggtg gaggaacgag 2760
cagttctggg tcattggtgg tatttctgcg catttatttg ccgtcttcca gggtctcctg 2820
aaggtgcttg ctggtatcga cacgagcttc actgtcacct ctaaggccac tgacgaagaa 2880
ggtgattttg ccgagctcta catgttcaag tggacaacgc ttctgatccc accaaccact 2940
attttgatca tcaacctggt cggcgtggtc gctggcattt cctacgcaat caatagcggt 3000
taccagtcat ggggacctct tttcgggaag ctcttctttg cgttctgggt gattgtccac 3060
ctgtacccct tcctcaaggg cctcatgggg aagcagaacc gcacgccgac cattgtcgtt 3120
gtctgggcta tcctccttgc gtcgatcttt tccctgatgt gggttcgtat cgatccattc 3180
accacccggg tcactggtcc tgatatcgcg aaatgtggca tcaactgcta g 3231
<210> 4
<211> 1036
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
ctgcagaagt cgtaaaatag tggtgtccaa agaatttcca ggcccagttg taaaagctaa 60
aatgctattc gaatttctac tagcagtaag tcgtgtttag aaattatttt tttatatacc 120
ttttttcctt ctatgtacag taggacacag tgtcagcgcc gcgttgacgg agaatatttg 180
caaaaaagta aaagagaaag tcatagcggc gtatgtgcca aaaacttcgt cacagagagg 240
gccataagaa acatggccca cggcccaata cgaagcaccg cgacgaagcc caaacagcag 300
tccgtaggtg gagcaaagcg ctgggtaata cgcaaacgtt ttgtcccacc ttgactaatc 360
acaagagtgg agcgtacctt ataaaccgag ccgcaagcac cgaattgtag taacattcag 420
agcaccagtg gtctagtggt agaatagtac cctgccacgg tacagacccg ggttcgattc 480
ccggctggtg cagtgtgcca gatctgcggc gagttttaga gctagaaata gcaagttaaa 540
ataaggctag tccgttatca acttgaaaaa gtggcaccga gtcggtgctt cagagcacca 600
gtggtctagt ggtagaatag taccctgcca cggtacagac ccgggttcga ttcccggctg 660
gtgcagacta caactaccaa gcatcgtttt agagctagaa atagcaagtt aaaataaggc 720
tagtccgtta tcaacttgaa aaagtggcac cgagtcggtg cttttttttc tagagcggat 780
tcgcacatat gccctcggag atcgcatttt gatccttctg cgccagtttt cattaacaat 840
tcagtcctcg ccaattcttg ccggctctgt accagaacct tttgttcgct gtttgccgat 900
tggcccttgc ccttgcaaac atgggatttc gcgcactgtc cctcttatta tcattttcct 960
cgcatatgcc ctcgaagatc tcactttggt tcttctgctc tatttttttt cttaacgatt 1020
tagccctcgc ctgcag 1036
<210> 5
<211> 2051
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 5
gtgtcgtcat atgtcatgcc atatgaccac tttaggccat atgcgtcatg tctcatatgc 60
ccgaacccct agccgacaca cgcccatgaa accatgaggg ttggctctga tatcatttgt 120
aacactcaac cactcccgaa tcgatggtac ttactcctga tggtcatcta ggatcataga 180
ccatccccac agaccaacat gagtcttttc tacgcacttt gttcactcgt gtgcatcaaa 240
gaaaacttct tggttggtca ctcatccaaa aattgctctg agccaagcat gcttatctta 300
gaggtttttt tgagataggc ttttgaaaaa gaaggtgcac cttgtttgta tgagtattat 360
accattccta ttaagccttg gacaaagata tcacaatcca cctaggccaa gatatcacat 420
ttcccaactt agtctataga aggactagac aagacatctc cttagaagag aagccctacc 480
tcttgtgccc ataacaggca cctccaactt gagaactaat ttcacaaaga gtcacgctct 540
tgggaactcc atgtactcat atgtacacac tacatctaat gcatagaaac accaagatca 600
cattgtacta gcaaaatgtc atagaagact agttaaaacc ttgtttggtc cgctcaacct 660
taaaaatcac ctaggagaca tgctagaagt atctcaacag agaatgacac catatagtag 720
tggcaccaag tgcctaatct gcacacaaaa aatcgtacaa tacatgacat caaggcttaa 780
taatagagtg tatgttaaag cgagcatgca acctatgagt ggtatgtagg agttaggttt 840
aaacaaggta atggctcaag caccacacat cctaccacaa tgtcgtaata aatataaaag 900
cactagcaat ctatttagca tgcctaaatg ggatactatg aggttgggtg ggatgtggca 960
cctttgtata atggcccagt tccttagtgt agtcttgatc ctccccgtta ggttcagact 1020
cctctaggga ttttgtagga atcatcaaat tttcataagc aatttcttgt gcacaaagaa 1080
ccaaatagat tgaaaaagtt ccaaattcac tcaaacacaa aaccatggca catagcttat 1140
gtgacaaaat atttggacac tagtttcata ttttttgaga tcatataagt ttattatcaa 1200
actccaagga ttaaattatt ttttgaaaaa aaaagaaaaa gggaaaacat cataaggtga 1260
cacatggcaa cctctgaatg actagacttt taccatctct caggtgggtc tggtcaacaa 1320
tcactgttgg tcggtcctta ccttgcctag acgggtcctt agtaggccta ctgggttgag 1380
ttatgggata aattgtggcc tagaaacata ccagtccacc aaccttggga ccacttaaaa 1440
aattgcatct tgcaccatta tactatttag atgtttttaa aaaacaataa taacttttac 1500
atcgaaatca aaactagaca aattttatac tttcacagag cagcagaaat ttatacaata 1560
tgattgaata caagatgtag gacccaatgg agagaatttt tttgtctcct atatgcttga 1620
atacccaaca taatatcttc gcagcatact atctatctaa tagaaaaatt ataatatagt 1680
taaatactta agtagtatct agtggataga attcaatatc tcatacatgc atgaggagta 1740
atatctacta gacatgcaac atatttttat ctatctaata gaatatatat aataaagtta 1800
aatattatat gcatcaccta ctatatataa tttgatatct tttagatgta taagggacta 1860
agaataatat ctctagcaca catgcaatgc attatctatc taaatatatt atataatagt 1920
taaatattaa ttatacgtag tctaaaccta catataagcc tacccatccc cacttaaaga 1980
tctcagtgtc acacatagac catacatctc acttcgccaa aaaaatttcg tcaacagttg 2040
aagttatacc c 2051
<210> 6
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 6
ggtgaccgtg gagaaaccg 19
<210> 7
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 7
cttggcctct gttcccgtag 20
<210> 8
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 8
atccgtgtcc atccttctca 20
<210> 9
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 9
cgcctctgtc aatctgctgt a 21
<210> 10
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 10
agggctgggc cttatcaaac 20
<210> 11
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 11
taagcaagcg ccgctccta 19
<210> 12
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 12
acctgtgcct tcgtttggtt 20
<210> 13
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 13
taatctacgc ggggttacgc 20
<210> 14
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 14
cgcttctttg ccagcaaatc t 21
<210> 15
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 15
acgtctaacc agtccagcag 20
<210> 16
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 16
attccgaaag ccttcaccgt 20
<210> 17
<211> 24
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 17
cctggatgtt ctttgttgtc aagt 24
<210> 18
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 18
gcgccgaccg gttctaaaaa 20
<210> 19
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 19
gccttgcagg gctatagaga 20
<210> 20
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 20
tgacttcttt tggggctcaa gt 22
<210> 21
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 21
gcagtgggtg ggacttttgt 20
Claims (5)
1.蛋白质或其相关生物材料的应用,其特征在于:所述应用为如下A1)-A3)中任一种应用,
A1)在调控植物籽粒产量中的应用;所述植物籽粒产量为所述植物籽粒大小和/或粒重;
A2)在调控植物籽粒传递层发育中的应用;
A3)在调控植物籽粒纤维素合成中的应用;
所述蛋白质为如下任一所示蛋白质:
(a1)氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.1的蛋白质;
(a2)在(a1)所限定的蛋白质的末端连接标签后得到的融合蛋白;
所述相关生物材料为下述c1)-c9)中的任一种:
c1)编码所述蛋白质的核酸分子;
c2)含有c1)所述核酸分子的表达盒;
c3)含有c1)所述核酸分子的重组载体、或含有c2)所述表达盒的重组载体;
c4)含有c1)所述核酸分子的重组微生物、或含有c2)所述表达盒的重组微生物、或含有c3)所述重组载体的重组微生物;
c5)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物细胞系、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物细胞系;
c6)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物组织、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物组织;
c7)含有c1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物器官、或含有c2)所述表达盒的转基因植物器官;
c8)降低c1)所述核酸分子表达的核酸分子;
c9)含有c8)所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组微生物或转基因植物细胞系;
所述植物为玉米。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:
c1所述核酸分子为如下d1)或d2):
d1)核苷酸序列是序列表中SEQ ID NO.2第2685位-第7879位所示的DNA分子;
d2)编码序列是序列表中SEQ ID NO.3所示的DNA分子。
3. enb1蛋白或其相关生物材料的应用,其特征在于:所述应用为如下A1)-A4)中任一种应用,
A1)在减小植物籽粒大小中的应用;
A2)在减弱植物籽粒传递层发育中的应用;
A3)在减少植物籽粒纤维素合成中的应用;
A4)在减少植物粒重中的应用;
所述enb1蛋白为将氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.1所示蛋白质的第780位的甘氨酸残基突变为精氨酸残基,其它氨基酸残基保持不变所获得的蛋白质;
所述相关生物材料为所述生物材料为下述e1)至e7)中的任一种:
e1)编码所述enb1蛋白的核酸分子;
e2)含有e1)所述核酸分子的表达盒;
e3)含有e1)所述核酸分子的重组载体、或含有e2)所述表达盒的重组载体;
e4)含有e1)所述核酸分子的重组微生物、或含有e2)所述表达盒的重组微生物、或含有e3)所述重组载体的重组微生物;
e5)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物细胞系、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物细胞系;
e6)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物组织、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物组织;
e7)含有e1)所述核酸分子的转基因植物器官、或含有e2)所述表达盒的转基因植物器官;
所述植物为玉米。
4.植物育种的方法,其特征在于:所述方法为M1或M2,所述M1包括提高和/或增加出发植物中权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性,得到具有下述至少一种特性的植物:
1)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒变大;
2)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒粒重增加;
3)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒传递层发育增强;
4)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒纤维素含量增多;
所述M2包括抑制或降低出发植物中权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性,得到具有下述至少一种特性的植物:
1)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒变小;
2)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒粒重减小;
3)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒传递层发育减弱;
4)与所述出发植物相比,植物籽粒纤维素含量减少;
所述植物为玉米。
5.转基因植物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法为M4或M5;
所述M4包括向出发植物中导入提高和/或增加权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性的物质,得到转基因植物的步骤;所述提高和/或增加权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性是通过ENB1基因自身启动子和/或BETL9基因启动子驱动的ENB1基因过表达实现的;
所述转基因植物与所述出发植物相比,所述转基因植物具有下述至少一种特性:
1)植物籽粒变大;
2)植物籽粒粒重增加;
3)植物籽粒传递层发育增强;
4)植物籽粒纤维素含量增多;
所述M5包括向出发植物中导入降低和/或减少权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性的物质,得到转基因植物的步骤;所述降低和/或减少权利要求1中所述蛋白质的编码基因的表达和/或权利要求1中所述蛋白质的含量和/或活性的物质为权利要求1中c8)-c9)中任一种生物材料;
所述转基因植物与所述出发植物相比,所述转基因植物具有下述至少一种特性:
1)植物籽粒变小;
2)植物籽粒粒重减小;
3)植物籽粒传递层发育减弱;
4)植物籽粒纤维素含量减少;
所述植物为玉米。
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CN106460007A (zh) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-02-22 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 具有增加的除草剂耐受性的植物 |
CN107418971A (zh) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-01 | 中国农业大学 | 玉米籽粒类胡萝卜素缺陷基因scd的克隆及应用 |
CN109369789A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业大学 | ZmDRR206蛋白质及其编码基因在调控植物抗病性与生长发育中的应用 |
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CN106460007A (zh) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-02-22 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 具有增加的除草剂耐受性的植物 |
CN107418971A (zh) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-01 | 中国农业大学 | 玉米籽粒类胡萝卜素缺陷基因scd的克隆及应用 |
CN109369789A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业大学 | ZmDRR206蛋白质及其编码基因在调控植物抗病性与生长发育中的应用 |
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