CN115211333B

CN115211333B - Coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds

Info

Publication number: CN115211333B
Application number: CN202211037328.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨祥燕; 蔡元保
Original assignee: Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute
Current assignee: Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-29
Also published as: CN115211333A

Abstract

The invention relates to a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, which comprises the following steps: (1) seed taking; (2) seed pretreatment; (3) applying a coating; (4) pregermination treatment; (5) accelerating germination; (6) sowing; (7) seedling management. Firstly, thinning the seed coats of the seeds, then coating, and finally preserving, wherein the seeds can be directly sown during sowing, so that the practicability is higher; firstly, semi-dry treatment is carried out to harden the seed coats, part of alkali penetrates into the seed coats, then full-dry treatment is carried out, concentrated sulfuric acid is used for soaking for a shorter time, under the combined action of the semi-dry treatment and the full-dry treatment, the seed coats can be thinned, the inside of the seeds cannot be damaged, and the subsequent seeding emergence rate and the subsequent emergence survival rate are ensured; and the seed coat is thinned under the combined action of the semi-dry treatment and the full-dry treatment, and the water permeability and the air permeability of the seeds are changed due to the fact that the coatings are coated, so that the drought resistance of the prepared seeds is stronger.

Description

Coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds.

Background

Pineapple has short stem. Most of leaves, rosette arrangement, sword shape, tapered top, full margin or sharp teeth, green ventral surface, green back powder, brown color on the edge and top, she Bianxiao on the top of inflorescence, red color. Extracting inflorescences from leaf clusters, such as pine cone; the base of the bract is green, the upper half is light red, and the bract is triangular oval; sepal is wide and oval, meat quality and red at the top; the petals are oblong, the tips are pointed, the upper part is purple red, and the lower part is white. Meat quality of fig. Summer to winter in the flowering phase. The Chinese Fujian, guangdong, hainan, guangxi and Yunnan are cultivated. Tropical areas of the original america. Commonly known as pineapple, is one of the best known tropical fruits.

Pineapple is a spheroid composed of a central fat and fleshy axis, a fleshy bract growing on the central axis and a spiral arrangement of non-developing ovaries. The pineapple ovary usually does not develop, so seeds cannot be seen in the pineapple ovary, the pineapple is generally subjected to asexual propagation by adopting crown buds and suction buds, the plant propagated by the crown buds is optimal, and the seedling cultivated by suction buds is inferior.

The existing pineapple seed seedling raising method is low in utilization rate, and is mainly due to high seedling raising difficulty and low seedling survival rate. The seed seedling raising can be generally carried out in a way of accelerating germination along with taking, if the pineapple seeds cannot be immediately subjected to germination accelerating sowing, the pineapple seeds need to be dried and stored in a dryer, and when the pineapple seeds are subjected to germination accelerating, the seed coats are hardened after being dried, so that the seed coats are required to be soaked by sand or concentrated sulfuric acid to be thinned, the germination accelerating is easy after the seed is soaked, the germination accelerating difficulty is high, and the germination rate and the seedling survival rate are low; there is a need to develop a more convenient and practical pineapple seed seedling method.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coating breeding method for improving the stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, which has high survival rate of seedlings and strong practicability.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) seed taking: selecting mature fruits of hybrid pineapples, cutting, clamping seeds embedded on the fruits, and washing to obtain fresh seeds;

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.1 Semi-dry treatment: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 4-6 min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment fluid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 35-40 g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 15-20 g/kg;

2.2 Full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 4-6 hours, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 20-30 s, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; soaking the seeds subjected to primary full-drying treatment in calcium hypochlorite with the mass percentage of 1% for 3-4 hours, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to secondary full-drying treatment;

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the seeds subjected to secondary full-dry treatment, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.25 to 0.28 percent of frarecited in the following formula: 0.45% -0.55%, penconazole: 0.35 to 0.38 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.5 to 0.8 percent of sodium alginate: 1.5 to 1.8 percent and the balance of coating agent;

the coating agent consists of a water-retaining agent, an antifreezing agent, a filler and an adhesive;

(4) Pre-germination: placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 25-28 ℃ and 150-180 rmp, and vibrating for 2-3 hours at constant temperature to obtain the seeds with germination acceleration;

(5) Accelerating germination: placing the germinated seeds on sterilized fine sand, keeping the fine sand moist, and obtaining germinated seeds after the seeds are whitened;

(6) Sowing: sowing germinated seeds in a seedling raising box to obtain pineapple seedlings;

(7) Seedling management: and (3) cultivating pineapple seedlings under the semi-shading condition, wherein the temperature is kept at 28-30 ℃, the humidity is kept at 68-75%, and the pineapple seedlings can be transplanted to a field for field planting after the seedlings reach 25-30 cm.

Further, the semi-dry process in step 2.1): sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 5-6 min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 38-40 g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 17-20 g/kg.

Further, the step 2.2) is a full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 5-6 hours, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 25-30 s, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; and (3) putting the seeds subjected to the primary full-drying treatment into calcium hypochlorite with the mass percentage of 1% to soak for 3.5-4 hours, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the secondary full-drying treatment.

Further, the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.26 to 0.28 percent of frarecited in the following formula: 0.48 to 0.55 percent of penconazole: 0.36 to 0.38 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.6 to 0.8 percent of sodium alginate: 1.6 to 1.8 percent and the balance of coating agent.

Further, the water-retaining agent in the coating agent is acrylic resin, the antifreezing agent is glycerol, the filler is micro silica gel, and the adhesive is hydroxypropyl cellulose.

Further, the coating agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-8 parts of antifreezing agent, 350-370 parts of filler and 160-180 parts of adhesive.

Further, the step (4) is characterized by pre-germination treatment: and (3) placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and 160-180 rmp, and vibrating for 2.5-3 hours at constant temperature to obtain the germination accelerating seeds.

Further, the disinfection method of the fine sand disinfected in the step (5) comprises the following steps: firstly, placing the materials in the sun for insolation and disinfection, and then heating and disinfecting at high temperature.

Further, the seeding matrixes in the seedling raising boxes in the step (6) are sequentially from bottom to top: a mixed layer of black soil and coarse sand, a mixed layer of black soil and fine sand and a nutrition matrix layer; the black soil and coarse sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and coarse sand, wherein the content of the coarse sand is 35-40 wt%; the black soil and fine sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and fine sand, wherein the content of the fine sand is 25-30wt%; the nutrition substrate layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 220-250 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of straw powder, 25-30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 16-18 parts of tourmaline powder, 60-65 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 35-38 parts of corn flour, 13-15 parts of gypsum powder, 40-45 parts of peanut bran and 0.3-0.5 part of compound vitamin B.

Further, the vitamin B complex consists of 25 to 30 weight percent of vitamin B1, 15 to 20 weight percent of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention relates to a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, which aims at the situation that pineapple hybrid seeds cannot be germinated immediately, pineapple seeds are required to be dried and stored in a dryer, and when germination is performed, seed coats are required to be thinned due to the fact that the seed coats are hardened after being dried, and are soaked in sand or concentrated sulfuric acid, and germination is easy to occur after seed soaking.

The invention relates to a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, which is characterized in that the seed coats are subjected to seed coat thinning treatment, coating, preservation and other steps, no direct sowing is needed, the mode of seed coat thinning treatment is milder, the traditional concentrated sulfuric acid soaking technology is not applicable, so that the seed coats are firstly subjected to semi-dry treatment, partial alkali is penetrated into the seed coats, then the full-dry treatment is carried out, concentrated sulfuric acid is used for soaking for a shorter time, and under the combined action of the semi-dry treatment and the full-dry treatment, the seed coats are thinned, the interior of the seeds are not damaged, and the subsequent sowing emergence rate and the emergence survival rate are ensured; and the seed coat is thinned under the combined action of semi-dry treatment and full-dry treatment, and the seed is coated with the coating, so that the water permeability and air permeability of the seed are changed.

According to the coating breeding method for improving the stress resistance of the pineapple hybrid seeds, the seeding matrix of the seedling raising box is optimized, the porosity of the lower layer to the upper layer is sequentially reduced, the oxygen content of the seeding matrix is proper, the upper layer nutrient components are attached to the requirement of pineapple seedling growth, the seedling root system growth is facilitated, and the seedling growth condition is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the growth conditions of pineapple seedlings in example 3 and example 4, wherein seedlings on the left side are seedlings of 25 days old obtained by cultivating in example 3, and seedlings on the right side are seedlings of 25 days old obtained by cultivating in example 4; for convenience of comparison, the two are placed in the same basin for photographing;

FIG. 2 is a first set of chromatographic test patterns of the seed coated with the coating agent prepared in example 1 stored under dry conditions for 90 days;

FIG. 3 is a second set of chromatographic test patterns of the seed coated with the coating agent prepared in example 1 stored under dry conditions for 90 days;

FIG. 4 is a third set of chromatographic test patterns of the seed coated with the coating agent prepared in example 1 stored for 90 days under dry conditions.

Detailed Description

Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.

The invention relates to a coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, wherein the following examples show the composition and the proportion of coating agents, but the composition and the proportion of the coating agents are not limited, and the coating agents in the coating agents for improving stress resistance of pineapple can be selected according to actual needs.

According to the coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds, the temperature and the humidity are mainly controlled in the seedling management step, illuminance can be controlled, and the seedling has better growth and development condition under the semi-shading condition.

Example 1

A coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) seed taking: selecting mature fruits of hybridized pineapple with excellent properties and no plant diseases and insect pests, cutting the fruits by a blunt cutter so as to avoid scratching seeds, clamping the seeds embedded on the fruits by forceps, and washing out impurities such as pulp, sugar, juice and the like adhered on the seeds to obtain fresh seeds; the pineapple varieties are as follows: watermelon pineapple (Tainong No. 22, which is a female parent) and sweet pineapple (Tainong No. 16, which is a male parent), wherein the pineapple producing areas are Guangxi nan Ning;

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.1 Semi-dry treatment: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 4min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 35g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 15 g/kg; 4 kg of semi-dry treatment liquid is prepared for each kg of seeds;

2.2 Full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 4 hours, immersing the seeds in the clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 20 seconds, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; soaking the seeds subjected to primary full-drying treatment in calcium hypochlorite with the mass percentage of 1% for 3 hours, immersing the seeds in the calcium hypochlorite solution, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to secondary full-drying treatment;

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the seeds subjected to secondary full-dry treatment, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.25%, frarecited in: 0.45%, penconazole: 0.35 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.5 percent of sodium alginate: 1.5% of coating agent and the balance of coating agent;

the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of water-retaining agent, 5 parts of antifreezing agent, 350 parts of filler and 160 parts of adhesive; wherein the water-retaining agent is acrylic resin, the antifreezing agent is glycerol, the filler is aerosil, and the adhesive is hydroxypropyl cellulose;

(4) Pre-germination: placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 25 ℃ and 150rmp, and vibrating for 2 hours at constant temperature to obtain the seeds with germination accelerating function;

(5) Accelerating germination: placing the germinated seeds on sterilized fine sand, keeping the fine sand moist, and obtaining germinated seeds after the seeds are whitened; the disinfection method of the fine sand after disinfection treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, placing the mixture in the sun for exposing to the sun for 8 hours for sterilization, and then heating and sterilizing the mixture at a high temperature of 75 ℃ for 8 hours;

the seeding matrix in the seedling raising box is sequentially from bottom to top: a mixed layer of black soil and coarse sand, a mixed layer of black soil and fine sand and a nutrition matrix layer; the black soil and coarse sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and coarse sand, wherein the content of the coarse sand is 35wt%; the black soil and fine sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and fine sand, wherein the content of the fine sand is 25wt%; the nutrition substrate layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 220 parts of black soil, 30 parts of straw powder, 25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 16 parts of tourmaline powder, 60 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 35 parts of corn flour, 13 parts of gypsum powder, 40 parts of peanut bran and 0.3 part of compound vitamin B; the vitamin B complex consists of 25 weight percent of vitamin B1, 15 weight percent of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6;

(7) Seedling management: and (3) cultivating pineapple seedlings under the semi-shading condition, wherein the temperature is kept at 28 ℃, the humidity is kept at 68%, and the pineapple seedlings can be transplanted to a field for field planting when the seedlings reach 25-30 cm.

Example 2

(1) And (3) seed taking: selecting mature fruits of hybridized pineapple with excellent properties and no plant diseases and insect pests, cutting the fruits by a blunt cutter so as to avoid scratching seeds, clamping the seeds embedded on the fruits by forceps, and washing out impurities such as pulp, sugar, juice and the like adhered on the seeds to obtain fresh seeds; the pineapple varieties are as follows: watermelon pineapple (Tainong No. 22, which is a female parent) and sweet pineapple (Tainong No. 16, which is a male parent), wherein the pineapple producing area is Guangxi nan Ning;

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.1 Semi-dry treatment: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 6min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 40g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 20 g/kg; 8 kg of semi-dry treatment liquid is added to each kg of seeds;

2.2 Full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 6 hours, immersing the seeds in the clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 30 seconds, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; soaking the seeds subjected to primary full-drying treatment in calcium hypochlorite with the mass percentage of 1% for 4 hours, immersing the seeds in the calcium hypochlorite solution, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to secondary full-drying treatment;

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the seeds subjected to secondary full-dry treatment, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.28%, frarecited in: 0.55 percent of penconazole: 0.38%, tea polyphenols: 0.8 percent of sodium alginate: 1.8% of coating agent and the balance of coating agent;

the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of water-retaining agent, 8 parts of antifreezing agent, 370 parts of filler and 180 parts of adhesive; wherein the water-retaining agent is acrylic resin, the antifreezing agent is glycerol, the filler is aerosil, and the adhesive is hydroxypropyl cellulose;

(4) Pre-germination: placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 28 ℃ and 180rmp, and vibrating for 3 hours at constant temperature to obtain the seeds with germination accelerating function;

the seeding matrix in the seedling raising box is sequentially from bottom to top: a mixed layer of black soil and coarse sand, a mixed layer of black soil and fine sand and a nutrition matrix layer; the black soil and coarse sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and coarse sand, wherein the content of the coarse sand is 40wt%; the black soil and fine sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and fine sand, wherein the content of the fine sand is 30wt%; the nutrition substrate layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of black soil, 35 parts of straw powder, 30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 18 parts of tourmaline powder, 65 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 38 parts of corn meal, 15 parts of gypsum powder, 45 parts of peanut bran and 0.5 part of compound vitamin B; the vitamin B complex consists of 30wt% of vitamin B1, 20wt% of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6;

(7) Seedling management: and (3) cultivating pineapple seedlings under the semi-shading condition, wherein the temperature is kept at 30 ℃, the humidity is kept at 75%, and the pineapple seedlings can be transplanted to a field for field planting when the seedlings reach 25-30 cm.

Example 3

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.1 Semi-dry treatment: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 5min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 38g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 17 g/kg; 5 kg of semi-dry treatment liquid is added to each kg of seeds;

2.2 Full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 5 hours, immersing the seeds in the clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 25 seconds, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; soaking the once fully dried seeds in 1% calcium hypochlorite solution for 3.5h, taking out the seeds, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the twice fully dried seeds;

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the seeds subjected to secondary full-dry treatment, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.26%, frarecited in: 0.48%, penconazole: 0.36 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.6 percent of sodium alginate: 1.6% of coating agent and the balance of coating agent;

the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 67 parts of water-retaining agent, 6 parts of antifreezing agent, 360 parts of filler and 170 parts of adhesive; wherein the water-retaining agent is acrylic resin, the antifreezing agent is glycerol, the filler is aerosil, and the adhesive is hydroxypropyl cellulose;

(4) Pre-germination: placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 26 ℃ and 160rmp, and vibrating for 2.5 hours at constant temperature to obtain the seeds with germination accelerating function;

the seeding matrix in the seedling raising box is sequentially from bottom to top: a mixed layer of black soil and coarse sand, a mixed layer of black soil and fine sand and a nutrition matrix layer; the black soil and coarse sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and coarse sand, wherein the content of the coarse sand is 37wt%; the black soil and fine sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and fine sand, wherein the content of the fine sand is 28wt%; the nutrition substrate layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 230 parts of black soil, 32 parts of straw powder, 27 parts of expanded vermiculite, 17 parts of tourmaline powder, 62 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 37 parts of corn meal, 14 parts of gypsum powder, 42 parts of peanut bran and 0.4 part of compound vitamin B; the vitamin B complex consists of 28 weight percent of vitamin B1, 17 weight percent of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6;

(7) Seedling management: and (3) cultivating pineapple seedlings under the semi-shading condition, wherein the temperature is kept at 29 ℃, the humidity is kept at 70%, and the pineapple seedlings can be transplanted to a field for field planting when the seedlings reach 25-30 cm.

Example 4

(2) Seed pretreatment:

(6) Sowing: sowing germinated seeds in a seedling raising box to obtain pineapple seedlings; the seeding matrix in the seedling raising box consists of corn stalk powder, coconut husk and black soil;

Comparative example 1

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.1 Semi-dry treatment: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 5min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade until the seeds are completely dried to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 38g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 17 g/kg; 5 kg of semi-dry treatment liquid is added to each kg of seeds;

(3) Coating: coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the semi-dried seeds, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple, so as to obtain seeds coated with the coating agent; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.26%, frarecited in: 0.48%, penconazole: 0.36 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.6 percent of sodium alginate: 1.6% of coating agent and the balance of coating agent;

Comparative example 2

(2) Seed pretreatment:

2.2 Full dry treatment: drying the seeds in the shade until the seeds are completely dried to obtain completely dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 25 seconds, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; soaking the once fully dried seeds in 1% calcium hypochlorite solution for 3.5h, taking out the seeds, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the twice fully dried seeds;

Comparative example 3

(2) Seed pretreatment: drying the seeds in the shade until the seeds are completely dried to obtain completely dried seeds;

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the fully dried seeds, and then coating a layer of coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating agent for improving stress resistance of pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.26%, frarecited in: 0.48%, penconazole: 0.36 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.6 percent of sodium alginate: 1.6% of coating agent and the balance of coating agent;

Comparative example 4

sun-drying fresh seeds to obtain dry seeds; soaking the dry seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid to thin the seed coats to obtain thin-coat seeds;

(2) Accelerating germination: placing the thin-skin seeds on the sterilized fine sand, keeping the fine sand moist, and obtaining germinated seeds after the seeds are whitened; the disinfection method of the fine sand after disinfection treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, placing the mixture in the sun for exposing to the sun for 8 hours for sterilization, and then heating and sterilizing the mixture at a high temperature of 75 ℃ for 8 hours;

(3) Sowing: sowing germinated seeds in a seedling raising box to obtain pineapple seedlings;

(4) Seedling management: and (3) cultivating pineapple seedlings under the semi-shading condition, wherein the temperature is kept at 29 ℃, the humidity is kept at 70%, and the pineapple seedlings can be transplanted to a field for field planting when the seedlings reach 25-30 cm.

Table 1 below shows statistical tables of the results of germination rates and seedling rates of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4;

TABLE 1

Comparing the growth conditions of pineapple seedlings in example 3 and example 4, and referring to fig. 1, it is clear that the seeding matrix of the seedling raising box is optimized, and the growth conditions of the seedlings are better.

The pineapple seedlings obtained by culturing in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to drought tolerance experiments, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 2;

TABLE 2

Number of items	The soil humidity is kept at 40 percent, and the seedling condition is continuously cultivated for 7 days	The humidity is kept at 50 percent for continuous culture for 7 days	The humidity is kept at 55 percent for continuous culture for 7 days
				Example 1	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings	No wilting occurs
Example 2	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings	No wilting occurs
				Example 3	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings	No wilting occurs
Example 4	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings	No wilting occurs
				Comparative example 1	All seedlings wilt	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings
Comparative example 2	All seedlings wilt	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings
				Comparative example 3	All seedlings wilt	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings
Comparative example 4	All seedlings wilt	Wilting of a large number of seedlings	Wilting of small amount of seedlings

The seed coated with the coating agent prepared in example 1 was stored under dry conditions for 90 days; removing the coating of the seed with the coating agent stored for 90 days, and performing chromatographic detection on the seed, wherein the detection diagram is shown in fig. 2-4; then, the seeds which are only subjected to drying treatment and are preserved for 90 days under the drying condition are subjected to chromatographic detection; according to the chromatographic detection results of the total 13 flavonoid and polyphenol components in 3 groups, the detection results of the flavonoid and polyphenol components are not obviously different, and the flavonoid and polyphenol components play an important role in the adverse stress response of the seeds, so that the treatment method disclosed by the invention can be deduced that the treatment method does not cause damage to the interiors of the seeds.

As can be seen from the experimental results, the coating breeding method for improving the stress resistance of the pineapple hybrid seeds comprises the steps of firstly thinning the seed coats of the seeds, coating, finally preserving, directly sowing without sand rubbing or concentrated sulfuric acid soaking treatment, and being applicable to many farmers without sand rubbing or concentrated sulfuric acid soaking technology, so that the practicability is higher; firstly, semi-dry treatment is carried out to harden the seed coats, part of alkali penetrates into the seed coats, then full-dry treatment is carried out, concentrated sulfuric acid is used for soaking for a shorter time, under the combined action of the semi-dry treatment and the full-dry treatment, the seed coats can be thinned, the inside of the seeds cannot be damaged, and the subsequent seeding emergence rate and the subsequent emergence survival rate are ensured; the seed coats are thinned under the combined action of the semi-dry treatment and the full-dry treatment, and the coating is coated, so that the water permeability and the air permeability of the seeds are changed, and experiments prove that the seeds prepared by the method have stronger drought resistance and lower requirements on the moisture content of the seeds and seedlings in the steps of sowing, seedling management and the like; the seeding matrix of the seedling raising box is optimized, the porosity of the lower layer to the upper layer is sequentially reduced, the oxygen content of the seeding matrix is proper, the upper layer nutrient components are attached to the requirement of pineapple seedling growth, the seedling root growth is facilitated, and the seedling growth condition is better.

While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) Seed pretreatment:

(3) Coating: firstly, coating a layer of chitosan on the outer surface of the seeds subjected to secondary full-dry treatment, and then coating a layer of coating for improving stress resistance of pineapples, so that the seeds coated with the coating agent can be obtained; the coating for improving stress resistance of the pineapple comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.25 to 0.28 percent of frarecited in the following formula: 0.45% -0.55%, penconazole: 0.35 to 0.38 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.5 to 0.8 percent of sodium alginate: 1.5 to 1.8 percent and the balance of coating agent;

2. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 1, wherein the semi-dry treatment in the step 2.1) is as follows: sun-drying the seeds to be semi-dry to obtain semi-dry seeds; putting the semi-dried seeds into the semi-dried treatment liquid, stirring and soaking the seeds for 5-6 min, taking out, washing the seeds with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the semi-dried seeds; the semi-dry treatment liquid takes water as a solvent and contains quicklime with the concentration of 38-40 g/kg and sodium carbonate with the concentration of 17-20 g/kg.

3. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 1, wherein the step 2.2) is a full dry treatment: soaking the semi-dried seeds in clear water for 5-6 hours, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the fully dried seeds; placing the fully dried seeds into concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage of 60%, stirring and soaking the seeds for 25-30 s, taking out, washing the seeds cleanly with clear water, and drying the seeds in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the primary fully drying treatment; and (3) putting the seeds subjected to the primary full-drying treatment into calcium hypochlorite with the mass percentage of 1% to soak for 3.5-4 hours, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying in the shade to obtain the seeds subjected to the secondary full-drying treatment.

4. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 3, wherein the coating for improving stress resistance of pineapple is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: fludioxonil: 0.26 to 0.28 percent of frarecited in the following formula: 0.48 to 0.55 percent of penconazole: 0.36 to 0.38 percent of tea polyphenol: 0.6 to 0.8 percent of sodium alginate: 1.6 to 1.8 percent and the balance of coating agent.

5. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining agent in the coating agent is acrylic resin, the antifreezing agent is glycerol, the filler is micro silica gel, and the adhesive is hydroxypropyl cellulose.

6. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 5, wherein the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-8 parts of antifreezing agent, 350-370 parts of filler and 160-180 parts of adhesive.

7. The method for coating and breeding for improving stress resistance of hybrid pineapple seeds according to claim 1, wherein the pre-germination treatment in the step (4) is as follows: and (3) placing the seeds coated with the coating agent into a shaking table with the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and 160-180 rmp, and vibrating for 2.5-3 hours at constant temperature to obtain the germination accelerating seeds.

8. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection method of the fine sand disinfected in the step (5) is as follows: firstly, placing the materials in the sun for insolation and disinfection, and then heating and disinfecting at high temperature.

9. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seeding matrix in the seedling raising box in the step (6) is sequentially from bottom to top: a mixed layer of black soil and coarse sand, a mixed layer of black soil and fine sand and a nutrition matrix layer; the black soil and coarse sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and coarse sand, wherein the content of the coarse sand is 35-40 wt%; the black soil and fine sand mixing layer is formed by mixing black soil and fine sand, wherein the content of the fine sand is 25-30wt%; the nutrition substrate layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 220-250 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of straw powder, 25-30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 16-18 parts of tourmaline powder, 60-65 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 35-38 parts of corn flour, 13-15 parts of gypsum powder, 40-45 parts of peanut bran and 0.3-0.5 part of compound vitamin B.

10. The coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of pineapple hybrid seeds according to claim 9, wherein the vitamin B complex consists of 25-30wt% of vitamin B1, 15-20wt% of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6.