CN115197545A - 医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒及其用途 - Google Patents

医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒及其用途 Download PDF

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CN115197545A
CN115197545A CN202110402784.0A CN202110402784A CN115197545A CN 115197545 A CN115197545 A CN 115197545A CN 202110402784 A CN202110402784 A CN 202110402784A CN 115197545 A CN115197545 A CN 115197545A
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李佳怡
薛嘉晓
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Shanghai Huzheng Industrial Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒，该填充母粒是由塑料基材和平均粒径≤20nm的纳米功能粉体混合，再添加助剂造粒而制成，纳米功能粉体的添加量为填充母粒的5‑20wt％，助剂添加量为填充母粒的0.4‑1wt％。本发明填充母粒制得样品具备很好的亲水性和防静电功能，在医用卫生包装材料、医用设备及器械材料等领域有重要应用价值。

Description

医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒及其用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒，此外，本发明还涉及该填充母粒的用途。
背景技术
静电效应普遍存在于日常生活中，这不仅造成触感不适，引起微尘吸附而影响美观，更会干扰电子设备的高精度工作，甚至可能引发火灾，因而时常给人们带来困扰。对材料表面涂层或通过材料内添加的方式进行防静电处理，则可以有效消除这些困扰，为日常生活提供便利，也为电子器件的安全和精确提供保障。
在塑料材料领域，防静电母粒可以从根本上提供静电防护，相较于功能涂层，防护效果更为长久可靠。当前防静电母粒功能性较强，如中国专利108456356A通过改性有机钛聚合物及助剂，制得PE防静电母粒，薄膜表面电阻率可达106Ω；中国专利102702693A通过纳米抗静电剂如纳米石墨、碳纳米管、纳米ATO粉等，制得聚酯母粒，抗静电效果好，不易迁移，相容性好。当前防静电母粒功能性较为单一，而协同复合功能的开发是新材料发展的一大方向，其可以有效提高材料的应用价值。亲水功能与防静电功能是协同的，亲水性结构往往具备较好的抗静电性，其本身的亲水性也可实现防雾和自清洁的效果，这些功能性材料在医用卫生、医用包装、医用设备及器械材料等领域，有着广阔的应用前景。
无机纳米粒子具有较强的功能性，在加工的过程中也可以保持稳定性和耐热性，在功能母粒领域得以广泛应用。纳米级粒子的活性更高，功能性更强，在生产和应用中具有重要价值。通过动态及静态过程对功能性纳米粒子的进行改性制备，可赋予其复合功能，从而在实际应用中占据更多的市场，实现更好的发展前景。
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述不足，根据本发明的实施例，希望提供一种具有亲水和防静电复合协同功能的医用卫生填充母粒，并提出该填充母粒的用途。
根据实施例，本发明提供的一种医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒，其通过塑料基材和平均粒径≤20nm的纳米功能粉体混合，再添加助剂造粒而制成，纳米功能粉体的添加量为填充母粒的5-20wt％，助剂添加量为填充母粒的0.4-1wt％，其中：
塑料基材选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚苯乙烯和聚碳酸酯。
纳米功能粉体为改性亲水防静电纳米粉体，改性亲水防静电纳米粉体选自改性氧化铟锡纳米粉体、改性氧化锡锑纳米粉体和改性氧化锌铝纳米粉体；
助剂为抗静电剂、偶联剂、分散剂和抗氧化剂，抗静电剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.3wt％，偶联剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.2wt％，分散剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.2wt％，抗氧化剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.3wt％；抗静电剂选自十八烷基甲基二羟乙基季铵盐、硬脂酰胺丙基二甲基羟乙基季胺硝酸盐和三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐；偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂和铝酸酯偶联剂；分散剂选自羟乙基乙撑双硬脂酰胺、乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚和油酸酰胺；抗氧化剂选自四-(二丁基羟基氢化肉桂酸)季戊四醇酯、硫代二丙酸双十八醇酯、硫代二丙酸双十二醇酯、季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯和三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯。
根据一个实施例，本发明前述医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒中，改性亲水防静电纳米粉体的制备过程包括如下步骤：
(1)动态过程。将1质量份的防静电粉体投入到含有25-70质量份的异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2-8h后，向其中加入0.2-1质量份的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3-5天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)静态过程。将1-10质量份的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声2-5h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30-40℃的磷酸溶液中，超声0.5-2h。
(3)分散液离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在40-60℃下隔氧干燥24-48h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
其中，步骤(1)中，聚乙二醇分子量为2000-5000g/mol；步骤(2)中，氢氧化钠乙醇溶液浓度为1％-5％，磷酸溶液的浓度为0.2-1mol/L。
综上，本发明通过动态及静态过程处理、隔氧干燥方法，制得亲水防静电纳米功能粉体。
本发明前述医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒的制备过程并无特别之处。将平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体与基材及助剂共混，造粒，制得医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒，可在医用卫生包装材料、医用设备等领域广泛应用。
相比现有技术，随后的实施例和试验例将证明，本发明医用卫生亲水防静电功能填充母粒具有以下优点：功能协同性强，具备亲水、防静电功能；改性制备过程简便有效，绿色环保，成本低；该填充母粒可广泛应用于多种塑料基材。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例应理解为仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。在阅读了本发明记载的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等效变化和修改同样落入本发明权利要求所限定的范围。
本发明以下实施例中所使用的原料如无特别标示均为市售产品。
实施例1
改性亲水防静电纳米粉体通过以下过程处理：
(1)将200g氧化铟锡粉体投入到含有5kg异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2h后，向其中加入60g分子量为2000的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)将300g 2％的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声3h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30℃的0.5mol/L的磷酸溶液中，超声1h。
(3)再次进行离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在40℃下隔氧干燥48h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
将180g改性氧化铟锡纳米粉体，720g聚对苯二甲醇乙二酯塑料切片,1.4g十八烷基甲基二羟乙基季铵盐，0.4g硫代二丙酸双十二醇酯，0.8g季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯，0.6g三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯，1g硅烷偶联剂，1.2g羟乙基乙撑双硬脂酰胺。在充分搅拌的情况下，加入到塑料造粒机中，制得医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒。
实施例2
改性亲水防静电纳米粉体通过以下过程处理：
(1)将200g氧化锡锑粉体投入到含有5.5kg异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2h后，向其中加入60g分子量为5000的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)将400g 3％的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声2h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30℃的0.5mol/L的磷酸溶液中，超声1h。
(3)再次进行离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在50℃下隔氧干燥24h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
将180g改性氧化锡锑纳米粉体，720g聚丙烯塑料切片,1.5g硬脂酰胺丙基二甲基羟乙基季胺硝酸盐，1g季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯，0.5g四-(二丁基羟基氢化肉桂酸)季戊四醇酯，1g钛酸酯偶联剂，1.2g油酸酰胺。在充分搅拌的情况下，加入到塑料造粒机中，制得医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒。
实施例3
改性亲水防静电纳米粉体通过以下过程处理：
(1)将200g氧化锌铝粉体投入到含有5.5kg异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2h后，向其中加入50g分子量为3000的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)将300g 3％的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声3h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30℃的0.8mol/L的磷酸溶液中，超声1h。
(3)再次进行离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在50℃下隔氧干燥24h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
将180g改性氧化锌铝纳米粉体，720g聚对苯二甲醇乙二酯塑料切片,1.5g三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐，1.3g硫代二丙酸双十八醇酯，0.6g三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯，1g钛酸酯偶联剂，1.4g乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚，在充分搅拌的情况下，加入到塑料造粒机中，制得医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒。
实施例4
改性亲水防静电纳米粉体通过以下过程处理：
(1)将200g氧化铟锡粉体投入到含有5kg异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2h后，向其中加入80g分子量为2000的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)将200g 4％的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声5h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30℃的0.3mol/L的磷酸溶液中，超声1h。
(3)再次进行离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在50℃下隔氧干燥24h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
将180g氧化铟锡纳米粉体，720g聚乙烯塑料切片,1.8g硬脂酰胺丙基二甲基羟乙基季胺硝酸盐，1g三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯，0.8g硫代二丙酸双十二醇酯，1g铝酸酯偶联剂，1.4g乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚。在充分搅拌的情况下，加入到塑料造粒机中，制得医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒。
实施例5
改性亲水防静电纳米粉体通过以下过程处理：
(1)将200g氧化锡锑粉体投入到含有5kg异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2h后，向其中加入70g分子量为2000的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)将400g 3％的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声4h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，粉体分散于恒温30℃的0.5mol/L的磷酸溶液中，超声1h。
(3)再次进行离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在50℃下隔氧干燥24h，得到平均粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
将180g氧化锡锑纳米粉体，720g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯塑料切片,1.6g十八烷基甲基二羟乙基季铵盐，1.2g硫代二丙酸双十二醇酯，1g季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯，1g硅烷偶联剂，1.3g羟乙基乙撑双硬脂酰胺。在充分搅拌的情况下，加入到塑料造粒机中，制得医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒。
试验例
以各实施例制备的医用卫生填充母粒，按5％的质量比与对应的基材母粒共混挤出，采用双向拉伸工艺制备得到50μm厚度的薄膜，并对其性能进行检测。亲水性通过接触角测试表征，表面电阻通过电阻率测定。结果如表1所示。可以看到，通过各实施例母粒所制备的薄膜样品具有较小的亲水角(5-10°)，有较好的自洁能力，并且电阻率为107-8Ωcm，具有较好的抗静电性。这充分表明，本发明所制备的医用卫生填充母粒具备较好的亲水性和防静电性，其作为功能性母粒，制备过程简便且绿色环保，协同性能突出，涉及应用领域十分广泛，在医用卫生包装材料、医用设备及器械材料等领域有重要应用价值。
表1.各实施例所制样品性能测试结果
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
接触角 10° 5° 7° 7° 8°
电阻率 10<sup>8</sup>Ωcm 10<sup>8</sup>Ωcm 10<sup>8</sup>Ωcm 10<sup>7</sup>Ωcm 10<sup>7</sup>Ωcm

Claims (5)

1.一种医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒，其特征在于，该填充母粒是由塑料基材和平均粒径≤20nm的纳米功能粉体混合，再添加助剂造粒而制成，纳米功能粉体的添加量为填充母粒的5-20wt％，助剂添加量为填充母粒的0.4-1wt％，其中，
塑料基材选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚苯乙烯和聚碳酸酯；
纳米功能粉体为改性亲水防静电纳米粉体，改性亲水防静电纳米粉体选自改性氧化铟锡纳米粉体、改性氧化锡锑纳米粉体和改性氧化锌铝纳米粉体；
助剂为抗静电剂、偶联剂、分散剂和抗氧化剂，抗静电剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.3wt％，偶联剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.2wt％，分散剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.2wt％，抗氧化剂的添加量为填充母粒的0.1-0.3wt％；抗静电剂选自十八烷基甲基二羟乙基季铵盐、硬脂酰胺丙基二甲基羟乙基季胺硝酸盐和三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐；偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂和铝酸酯偶联剂；分散剂选自羟乙基乙撑双硬脂酰胺、乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚和油酸酰胺；抗氧化剂选自四-(二丁基羟基氢化肉桂酸)季戊四醇酯、硫代二丙酸双十八醇酯、硫代二丙酸双十二醇酯、季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯和三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒，其特征在于，改性亲水防静电纳米粉体的制备过程包括如下步骤：
(1)动态过程：将1质量份的防静电粉体投入到含有25-70质量份的异丙醇的容器中，搅拌并超声2-8h后，向其中加入0.2-1质量份的聚乙二醇，将混合液放入含有锆球的高速旋转的分散桶中滚动球磨3-5天，得到粉体分散液。
(2)静态过程：将1-10质量份的氢氧化钠乙醇溶液加入粉体分散液中，搅拌并超声2-5h。离心分离并经过乙醇清洗后，将其分散于恒温30-40℃的磷酸溶液中，超声0.5-2h。
(3)分散液离心分离，乙醇反复清洗3次，在40-60℃下隔氧干燥24-48h，得到粒径≤20nm的改性亲水防静电纳米粉体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，聚乙二醇分子量为2000-5000g/mol。
4.根据权利要求2所述的医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，氢氧化钠乙醇溶液浓度为1％-5％，磷酸溶液的浓度为0.2-1mol/L。
5.权利要求1-4中任何一项所述的医用卫生亲水防静电填充母粒在医用包装材料、医用设备及器械材料中的用途。
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