CN1151974C - Membrane distillation type water treating apparatus using solar energy or afterheat - Google Patents
Membrane distillation type water treating apparatus using solar energy or afterheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN1151974C CN1151974C CNB011204370A CN01120437A CN1151974C CN 1151974 C CN1151974 C CN 1151974C CN B011204370 A CNB011204370 A CN B011204370A CN 01120437 A CN01120437 A CN 01120437A CN 1151974 C CN1151974 C CN 1151974C
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical fields of heat utilization, water treatment and environmental protection, which comprises a membrane assembly, a solar energy heat collector or a waste heat collector, more than one circulating pump, a driving device of the circulating pump and pipelines for connecting each part to respectively form a raw material liquid loop, a loop on a distillate side and a supplementing pipeline of raw material liquid. The raw material liquid can be continuously processed by the present invention to continuously obtain living and drinking water. Electric heating can also be omitted, and any electricity consumption is not needed. Condensing latent heat can be recovered by using a heat exchanger, and thus, the scale of the solar energy heat collector is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to heat energy utilization, water treatment and environmental technology field, particularly a kind of membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that effectively utilizes sun power or used heat.
Background technology:
In industrial production and daily life, work, all to use water treatment device.At present, the invention of existing many kinds of water treatment device.These devices can roughly be divided into four classes: 1. factory focuses on water, is dispersed to each then and needs water spot, just belongs to this class as the pure water of often drinking at present; 2. tap water is through after certain filter-sterilized, and promptly drinkable, this class device volume is little, the life-span is long, need not electric energy substantially, uses very convenient in places such as family and offices; 3. add about hot water to 100 ℃ by electrically heated method, the kind and the manufacturer of this water treatment device are more, but this class device need consume a large amount of electric energy; 4. some industry and sanitary wastewater focus in Sewage Plant, this water treating equipment, and technical process is comparatively complicated, needs certain power consumption.More than these water treatment device be not suitable for areas such as island, desert and handle seawater, brackish waters to obtain required life and tap water.First kind water treatment device is not suitable for handling seawater, brackish water, and the appropriate litigation fees height of the pure water that has prepared to the supply of remote island; Though the second class water treatment device is easy to use, and need not consumed power, can not handle seawater, brackish water; Though the 3rd class device can be handled seawater etc., the usefulness of distilled water for life and tap water is produced in electrically heated, needs to consume a large amount of electric energy, and this also is not too to be suitable in the area that electric power such as island and desert lack; The 4th class device not only is not suitable for handles seawater, brackish water etc., and needs to consume certain electric energy, and equipment is huge, and floor space is big.At present, the island of China still depends on ocean tender supply fresh water basically, the expense height, and for very remote island, expense is just expensive more, and the supply cycle is long, runs into the eventuality such as war, the fresh water supply line is cut off easily, makes that island national defence, production and life etc. are very passive.The demand of the desert area fresh water of zone in depth depends on supply too, and expense is high and inconvenient.In addition, in some the remote arids and the insufficient area of electric power of China, the supply of long-continued tap water and domestic water is also very difficult.But (as the Nansha Islands of China), desert and arid area on the island, solar energy resources is very abundant.If can effectively utilize sun power and handle seawater, brackish water etc., can save the expense of way far away supply like this, can not rely on electric energy again and solve the problem of life and tap water.
The method that at present also has many kinds directly to utilize solar distilling to desalinize seawater, as dish type distiller, inclination distiller etc., these distillers are actually an airtight greenhouse, and its top cover is transparent, the bottom, greenhouse is the shallow slot of blacking, has adorned very thin one deck seawater in the shallow slot.After sunlight passes transparent cap, major part is absorbed by the bottom surface of water and blacking, thereby make portion water evaporation, the sun power that absorbs because of top cover seldom and directly dispels the heat to atmosphere, so the temperature of top cover is lower than the temperature of water in the greenhouse, so the water vapor of evaporation can condense at the lower surface of top cover, top cover has certain inclination angle, condensing water droplet will be dirty along top cover, compiles the back and flow out distiller.Though these solar stills are simple in structure, operation and safeguarding all than being easier to, but when practical application, all there are some problems, the spill losses of water vapor for example, the agglomerative water droplet evaporates once more or drops onto the loss that forms in the tank, and the discharging that must carry out for the balance that keeps salinity in the distiller concentrates and the sensible heat loss brought etc. in addition.The output that the most important thing is this class distillating method is too little, and output is generally at 0.1-1.5kg/ (m
2D), the fresh water yield of most effective distiller also is no more than 5.0kg/ (m
2D) and in the production of can't working basically in the insufficient time period of sun power such as night, can not carry out solar distilling continuously.
In addition, in some factories, as petroleum chemical enterprise etc., industrial waste heat is very many, all be disposed to mostly in the atmosphere, and the wastewater treatment in producing, living needs to consume a large amount of electric energy, can not effectively utilize these used heat, has increased production cost.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that can effectively utilize sun power or used heat.This device serves as the distillation process object with the aqueous solution (as seawater, brackish water etc.) of non-volatile substance, effectively utilizes sun power or used heat, uses hydrophobic film, by the membrane distillation process, to obtain needed life and domestic fresh water.This device can be handled stock liquid continuously, obtains life and tap water continuously; Can also save electrically heated, need not any power consumption; And can utilize interchanger to reclaim condensation latent heat, reduce the scale of required solar energy collector greatly.
A kind of membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat of the present invention's design is characterized in that, comprises membrane module, solar energy collector or used heat heat collector, more than one recycle pump and drive unit thereof and the pipeline that connects each parts; The import of said membrane module stock liquid side, outlet are connected with import with the outlet of solar energy collector or used heat heat collector respectively, constituted the loop of stock liquid, in this stock liquid loop recycle pump is housed, the import of membrane module distillate side, outlet are connected with outlet of circulating pump, import respectively, constituted the loop of distillate side, device also comprises the additional pipeline of the stock liquid that links to each other with the loop of stock liquid.
Pump in the loop of said stock liquid can be contained in the on the suction side of membrane module, also can be contained in the membrane module outlet side;
Said membrane module adopts the hydrophobic film assembly, can be made by hydrophobic films such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)s.
Said solar energy collector can be the heat collector of forms such as plate or electron tubes type.
Said used heat heat collector can be one can finish equipment or the assembly that heat transmits, and as interchanger, waste heat flux is by a side of interchanger, and stock liquid is passed to stock liquid by interchanger with heat by the opposite side of interchanger.
Said recycle pump is any type of pump that can carry liquid, but preferably can corrosion resistant water transfer pump.The drive unit available solar energy heat and power system of this recycle pump or solar cell drive, and also can directly be driven by grid power.
In the loop of the loop of said stock liquid and distillate, can be connected with first-class heat exchanger.
In the loop of the additional pipeline of said stock liquid and distillate, also can be connected with secondary heat exchanger.
The ingress of the membrane module stock liquid side in the loop of said stock liquid also can be connected with strainer.
The present invention utilizes the membrane distillation principle, owing to adopt the hydrophobic film assembly, the nonwetting film of liquid, because capillary effect, the aqueous solution of film both sides all can not enter opposite side by fenestra.Film one side raw material phase temperature is higher than opposite side infiltration phase temperature, the temperature difference causes vapor partial pressure poor, therefore steam molecule passes through fenestra, from the lateral movement of high-vapor-pressure side direction low-steam pressure, the vapor condensation of low-steam pressure side becomes pure water, and the part distillate comes back to the distillate side of membrane module under the effect of recycle pump.After stock liquid comes out from membrane module, enter into solar energy collector (or used heat heat collector), solar energy collector (perhaps used heat heat collector) heating raw liquid makes the stock liquid that enters membrane module maintain a higher temperature levels, thereby the membrane distillation process can be carried out by successive.This process uses heat collector to utilize sun power (perhaps used heat) fully, has saved a large amount of electrically heated energy consumptions.The present invention can need not any electric energy owing to utilize sun power to power to recycle pump.
The water treatment device of the present invention's design can be used on areas such as island, desert, and these local electricities lack, but the sun power abundance is utilized this covering device to handle seawater, brackish water etc. and can be obtained required life and tap water; Also can be used in remote arid area, usually away from the supply of electric power of concentrating, lack competent electric power here, but sun power is sufficient, utilizes this device can solve the problem of tap water such as family.It is more that this device also can be used in some industrial waste heats, and can utilize the method for membrane distillation can handle the industry in this place and the area of sanitary wastewater.
Producing water ratio of the present invention depends primarily on the performance of evaporation area, stock liquid flow and the solar energy collector (perhaps used heat heat collector) of film self, can be between 0.2kg/h～200Kg/h; Handle back water purifying specific conductivity＜30Us/cm.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, describe structure of the present invention and working process in detail.
Present embodiment is by membrane module 1, solar energy collector or used heat heat collector 6, strainer 7, distillation flow container 4, container for storing liquid 5, first-class heat exchanger 2, secondary heat exchanger 3, a plurality of recycle pump 8,9,10,14 and solar heat electric system or solar photocell 13, valve 12,13, and the pipeline that each parts is connected is formed.Wherein, the import of membrane module 1 stock liquid side, outlet respectively with solar energy collector or used heat heat collector 6, container for storing liquid 5, outlet be connected with import, constituted the loop (illustrating with solid line among the figure) of stock liquid, strainer 7, recycle pump 8,14,10 and valve 11,12 also have been housed in the stock liquid loop; The import of membrane module distillate side, outlet are connected with outlet, the import of recycle pump 9, distillation flow container 4 respectively, have constituted the loop (shown in broken lines among the figure) of distillate; In the loop of the loop of stock liquid and distillate, be connected with first-class heat exchanger 2, in the loop of the additional pipeline of stock liquid and distillate, be connected with secondary heat exchanger 3; Each recycle pump 8,9,14,10 all link to each other (the figure mid point is scribed ss supply line) with solar heat electric system or solar photocell 13.
The working process of present embodiment is: the distillate adverse current process membrane module 1 that stock liquid that temperature is higher and temperature are lower, because the steam pressure difference effect that temperature head causes, the micropore that portion of water in the stock liquid can pass film enters distillate one side with steam condition.The mixture of undistilled stock liquid and distillate, water vapor adverse current once more carries out heat exchange through first-class heat exchanger 2, part vapor condensation becomes pure water, uncooled steam enters secondary heat exchanger 3 together with distillate, carry out heat exchange with stock liquid, the stock liquid of heating supply to this device supply; In this interchanger, steam further is condensed into pure water, enters distillation flow container 4 then.After distillate builds up to certain altitude, can overflow Here it is water purification product automatically.A part of liquid in the distillation flow container 4 is got back in the membrane module 1 under the effect of recycle pump 9, circulates next time, so goes round and begins again.The stock liquid that comes out from first-class heat exchanger 2 enters container for storing liquid 5 under the driving of recycle pump 14, mix with the supply stock liquid.Part stock liquid enters container for storing liquid 5 through solar energy collector (perhaps used heat heat collector) 6 after stock liquid is heated therein once more.After stock liquid came out from container for storing liquid 5, process recycle pump 8 and strainer 7 enter membrane module 1 and interchanger 2 arrives container for storing liquid 5, has so just finished a circulation, so goes round and begins again.In the working cycle of this device, solar energy collector (perhaps used heat heat collector) 6 heating raw liquid, kept the working temperature of film imported raw material liquid, and one-level and twice condensation of secondary heat exchanger the steam that distills, the temperature that has kept distillate to enter membrane module once more, simultaneously reclaim a large amount of condensation latent heat again, reduced the scale of heat collector.
In above-mentioned working process, can not use secondary heat exchanger 3 according to circumstances, the stock liquid of supply directly enters container for storing liquid 5, and directly enters distillation flow container 4 from steam and the water of condensation mixture that first-class heat exchanger 2 is come out.In the very competent area of sun power, also can save first-class heat exchanger 2 and secondary heat exchanger 3 simultaneously, rely on solar energy collector heating raw liquid fully, keep membrane module inlet stock liquid temperature, the membrane distillation process is gone on constantly; Valve in the pipeline is used for regulating flow, also can save sometimes.Bulking liquor is the pipeline of the incoming stock liquid side of supply directly, can save container for storing liquid 5 like this.In the comparatively competent area of electric power, recycle pump 8,9,10,14 can be directly by driven by power; And in the area of electric power shortage or basic unregulated power, these pumps can be driven with solar heat electric system or solar photocell 13 by Driven by Solar Energy.Recycle pump 14 can save, and relies on solar energy collector (or used heat heat collector) 6 heating raw liquid and the temperature difference that produces drives stock liquid through heat collector, flows back in the container for storing liquid then.This cover water treatment device can carry out work under the situation that does not have supply of electric power fully like this.Solar energy collector (or used heat heat collector) 6 has played the effect of heating raw liquid, has kept the temperature of stock liquid in the container for storing liquid, the stock liquid temperature that has guaranteed to enter membrane module simultaneously.Pipeline in the device, interchanger, membrane module and container for storing liquid will be incubated well, can reduce the heat that is lost to ambient atmosphere like this.Under the very competent situation of solar irradiation, the volume of container for storing liquid should be big as much as possible.Can make full use of the solar irradiation on daytime like this, make the stock liquid in the container for storing liquid maintain the needed temperature levels of membrane distillation, entering at dusk or night, sun power is supplied under the insufficient situation, because the insulation effect of thermal insulation layer, this moment, this device still can move, and produced water purification continuously for use.
In the present embodiment, the heat recovery rate of this device can reach 80%, has used following assembly:
Membrane module 1: the polypropylene hollow fiber microporous membrane assembly, the about 300mm of film pipe range, porosity 25%, micropore is rectangle (0.8 * 0.2 μ m), internal diameter 0.3mm, the distillation area is about 2.6m
2
Stock liquid: the salt brine solution of mass concentration 2%
Recycle pump: plastic centrifugal pump
First-class heat exchanger 2: prionodont plate-fin heat exchanger, material are aluminium alloy, each one deck fin of both sides, and what the stock liquid side adopted is 25Jc1402 type zigzag system fin, the high 2.5mm of fin, pitch 1.4mm, thickness 0.15mm; The distillate side adopts 65DK1402 type microporous fin, high 6.5mm, pitch 1.4mm, thick 0.15mm; Heat interchanging area 0.98m
2Secondary heat exchanger 3: prionodont plate-fin heat exchanger, material and fin form be with interchanger 1, heat interchanging area 0.03m
2Strainer 7: standard A BS material lauter tub is joined 5 inches of length, diameter 90mm, aperture 0.1 μ m plastics filter core solar energy collector 6: adopt the solar vacuum tube type heat collector, collector area is about 2m
2
Valve: ordinary ball valve
Solar cell 13: silicon single crystal photovoltaic battery array, 2m
2, electric power 250.0W
Stock liquid flow: 120.0kg/hr
Distillate flow: 24.0kg/hr
Membrane module stock liquid side-entrance temperature: 70.0 ℃
Distillate inlet temperature: 54.0 ℃
Producing water ratio: 1.8kg/hr
Water quality after the processing:
Specific conductivity: 10～30 μ s/cm
Claims (10)
1, a kind of membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat is characterized in that, comprises membrane module, solar energy collector or used heat heat collector, 4 recycle pumps and drive units thereof and the pipeline that connects each parts;
The import of said membrane module stock liquid side, outlet are connected with import with the outlet of solar energy collector or used heat heat collector respectively, constituted the loop of stock liquid, in this stock liquid loop recycle pump is housed, the import of membrane module distillate side, outlet are connected with outlet of circulating pump, import respectively, constituted the loop of distillate side, device also comprises the additional pipeline of the stock liquid that links to each other with the loop of stock liquid.
2, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said membrane module adopts the hydrophobic film assembly.
3, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said solar energy collector is plate or the heat collector of valve tube form.
4, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said used heat heat collector is an interchanger, by this interchanger heat is passed to stock liquid.
5, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said recycle pump is can corrosion resistant water transfer pump.
6, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the drive unit of said recycle pump adopts the solar heat electric system.
7, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the drive unit of said recycle pump adopts solar cell.
8, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is connected with first-class heat exchanger in the loop of the loop of said stock liquid and distillate.
9, as claim 1 or the 6 described membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilize sun power or used heat, it is characterized in that, in the loop of the additional pipeline of said stock liquid and distillate, be connected with secondary heat exchanger.
10, the membrane distillation type water treating apparatus that utilizes sun power or used heat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the ingress of the membrane module stock liquid side in the loop of said stock liquid also is connected with strainer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011204370A CN1151974C (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Membrane distillation type water treating apparatus using solar energy or afterheat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011204370A CN1151974C (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Membrane distillation type water treating apparatus using solar energy or afterheat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1396120A CN1396120A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
| CN1151974C true CN1151974C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011204370A Expired - Fee Related CN1151974C (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Membrane distillation type water treating apparatus using solar energy or afterheat |
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| CN (1) | CN1151974C (en) |
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2001
- 2001-07-13 CN CNB011204370A patent/CN1151974C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101417209B (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2011-08-31 | 天津海之凰科技有限公司 | Energy-saving pressure-reduction distillation device and method |
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| CN1396120A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
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