CN111875140A - High-phosphorus wastewater treatment device and method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology - Google Patents
High-phosphorus wastewater treatment device and method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111875140A CN111875140A CN202010728906.0A CN202010728906A CN111875140A CN 111875140 A CN111875140 A CN 111875140A CN 202010728906 A CN202010728906 A CN 202010728906A CN 111875140 A CN111875140 A CN 111875140A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology, which comprises: the system comprises a forward osmosis unit, a solar heating unit, a membrane distillation unit and a cold distilled water outlet unit, wherein the solar heating unit comprises a light-gathering groove type solar heat collector, a liquid-drawing liquid storage tank and a copper heat exchange coil; the forward osmosis unit comprises a raw material liquid inlet tank and a forward osmosis membrane component; the membrane distillation unit comprises a parallel flat plate type membrane assembly, and the parallel flat plate type membrane assembly comprises a plurality of membrane assemblies which are arranged at intervals and used as hot cavities and a plurality of membrane assemblies used as cold cavities; the cold distilled water outlet unit comprises a cold distilled water collecting tank, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, a temperature sensor, a water purifying water tank, a total dissolved solid monitor and a signal indicating lamp, other energy sources are not consumed except solar energy in the treatment process of the device, the electric power cost is saved, and phosphorus and water purification can be recovered from high-phosphorus wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wastewater treatment device, in particular to a high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device and a high-phosphorus wastewater treatment method.
Background
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plants. In the past decades, due to the industrialization of agricultural production, the speed of phosphorus flowing from mined phosphate ores to farmlands and finally to natural water channels is accelerated, the global phosphorus reserves are rapidly exhausted, and meanwhile, phosphorus is also a main pollutant, and the release of a large amount of phosphorus to a water environment is just the main reason for the formation of serious ecological problems such as water bloom and the like. Recovering phosphorus resource from high-phosphorus wastewater to produce struvite fertilizer (MgNH)4PO4·6H2O) is an effective way to ensure the renewable utilization of phosphorus resources and protect the environment. The formation of struvite fertilizer requires the addition of magnesium, a high value commodity, and the need for magnesium can be reduced if phosphate and ammonium can be enriched from the source solution.
The forward osmosis-membrane distillation process for treating high-phosphorus wastewater is a novel water treatment process which utilizes a selective separation membrane in the forward osmosis process to enable water molecules in the wastewater to permeate into a drawing side under the driving of osmotic pressure difference on two sides of the membrane, then heats forward osmosis drawing liquid through solar heating circulation, and collects pure water on a membrane distillation cold side. Because the forward osmosis membrane is simpler to clean and higher in recovery efficiency after being polluted compared with the membrane distillation membrane, forward osmosis is equivalent to a pretreatment unit in the membrane distillation process in the whole process, pollutants are separated in advance, the membrane pollution in the membrane distillation process is favorably slowed down, and after high-phosphorus wastewater in the feed liquid tank is subjected to forward osmosis concentration, MgCl can be added into the high-phosphorus wastewater2As a draw solute, struvite fertilizer (MgNH) is added4PO4·6H2O) concentrating orthophosphate and ammonium for subsequent useRecovering the phosphorus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device and method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology, which can not only recover phosphorus resources from high-phosphorus wastewater and extract clear water, but also save energy, and are clean and environment-friendly.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology comprises a solar heating unit, a forward osmosis unit, a membrane distillation unit and a cold distilled water outlet unit;
the solar heating unit comprises a light-gathering type groove type solar heat collector, a drawing liquid storage tank and a copper heat exchange coil, wherein the copper heat exchange coil is arranged in the drawing liquid storage tank and used for carrying out heat exchange with drawing liquid in the drawing liquid storage tank;
the forward osmosis unit comprises a raw material liquid inlet tank and a forward osmosis membrane assembly, two water inlets of the forward osmosis membrane assembly are respectively connected with a water outlet of the raw material liquid inlet tank and a water outlet of the drawing liquid storage tank, and two water outlets of the forward osmosis membrane assembly are respectively connected with a water inlet of the raw material liquid inlet tank and a water inlet of the membrane distillation unit;
the membrane distillation unit comprises a parallel flat plate type membrane assembly, the parallel flat plate type membrane assembly comprises a plurality of membrane assemblies which are arranged at intervals and used as hot cavities and a plurality of membrane assemblies used as cold cavities, a water inlet of each membrane assembly used as a hot cavity is connected with a water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly after being connected in parallel, a water outlet of each membrane assembly used as a hot cavity is connected with a water inlet of the drawing liquid storage tank after being connected in parallel, and two ends of each membrane assembly used as a cold cavity are connected with two ends of a water inlet and a water outlet of the cold distilled water;
the cold distilled water goes out water unit and includes that cold distilled water collects jar, semiconductor refrigeration piece, temperature sensor, water purification tank, total dissolved solids monitor, signal indicator, the semiconductor refrigeration piece is installed on cold distilled water collection jar outer wall, is used for refrigerating cold distilled water collection jar as the cold source, temperature sensor sets up in cold distilled water collection jar for the temperature in the monitoring cold distilled water collection jar, and the temperature of absorption liquid in the cooperation semiconductor refrigeration piece maintenance cold distilled water collection jar, cold distilled water collection jar still is linked together with water purification tank, and the delivery port of cold distilled water collection jar intercommunication water purification tank is higher than its delivery port that communicates membrane distillation unit, total dissolved solids monitor sets up inside water purification tank, and links to each other with outside signal indicator.
As a further limitation of the invention, the solar heating unit further comprises:
the solar heating circulating magnetic pump is arranged between the water outlet of the copper heat exchange coil and the inlet of the light-gathering groove type solar heat collector;
the self-operated temperature regulating valve is arranged between the solar heating circulation magnetic pump and the copper heat exchange coil and is used for controlling the heating temperature of the copper heat exchange coil to be maintained at 60-80 ℃.
As a further definition of the invention, the forward osmosis unit further comprises: a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump, a forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotameter, a forward osmosis draw liquid side circulation magnetic pump and a forward osmosis draw liquid side rotameter;
the water outlet of the feed liquid inlet tank is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation magnetic pump, the water outlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation magnetic pump is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side rotameter, the water outlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side rotameter is connected with the feed liquid side water inlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, and the feed liquid side water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of the feed liquid inlet tank to form a forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation loop;
the water outlet of the draw solution storage tank is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump, the water outlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side rotameter, the water outlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side rotameter is connected with the draw solution side water inlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, and the draw solution side water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of the membrane distillation unit;
the forward osmosis membrane adopts a cellulose triacetate flat membrane.
As a further limitation of the invention, the membrane distillation unit further comprises a membrane distillation hot side rotameter, a membrane distillation cold side circulation magnetic pump and a temperature monitor; the water inlet of the rotary flowmeter at the hot side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, the water outlet of the rotary flowmeter at the hot side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water inlet at the hot side of the membrane distillation unit, the water outlet at the hot side of the membrane distillation unit is connected with the water inlet of the drawing liquid storage tank, the water inlet of the magnetic pump at the cold side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water outlet of the cold distilled water collection tank, the water outlet of the magnetic pump at the cold side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water inlet at the cold side of the membrane distillation unit through the rotary flowmeter at the cold side of; and a temperature monitor is respectively arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the hot side and the water inlet and the water outlet of the cold side of the membrane component of the membrane distillation unit.
The solar photovoltaic power generation system is further limited by the invention and also comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation unit which comprises a solar cell panel, a solar charging controller and a storage battery, wherein the solar cell panel is connected with the solar charging controller in series through an electric lead, the solar charging controller is used for converting 18V direct current into 220V alternating current, the solar charging controller is connected with the solar storage battery in series through an electric lead, and the storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power for the solar heating unit, the forward osmosis unit, the membrane distillation unit and the cold distilled water outlet unit.
A high-phosphorus wastewater treatment method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology comprises the following steps:
step 1) adding high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater into a raw material liquid inlet tank, adding a high-concentration polymer electrolyte solution into a drawing liquid inlet tank to serve as a drawing liquid, starting a solar heating circulating magnetic pump, heating the drawing liquid in the drawing liquid inlet tank to 60 +/-5 ℃, arranging a self-operated temperature regulating valve in front of the solar heating circulating magnetic pump, and closing the valve when the temperature is higher than 80 ℃;
step 2) starting the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump and the forward osmosis raw material solution side circulation magnetic pump, adjusting the forward osmosis raw material solution side and the draw solution rotameter, controlling the flow of the raw material solution circulation side to be 0.5-0.7L/min, controlling the flow of the draw solution circulation side to be 0.5-0.7L/min, and starting a forward osmosis process after the flow is stable;
step 3), adding a certain volume of pure water into the cold distilled water collecting tank, starting a semiconductor refrigerating sheet to maintain the water temperature in the cold distilled water collecting tank at 15 +/-2 ℃, arranging a temperature sensor in the cold distilled water collecting tank, and closing a circuit switch controlled by the temperature sensor if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃;
step 4) starting a membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump, adjusting a membrane distillation cold side rotor flowmeter and a membrane distillation hot side rotor flowmeter, controlling the flow rates of a hot circulating side and a cold circulating side, controlling the circulating flow rate of the membrane distillation hot side to 0.5-0.7L/min, controlling the circulating flow rate of the membrane distillation cold side to 0.1-0.3L/min, monitoring the liquid temperature through 4 temperature monitors on the hot side of the membrane component, controlling the temperature of the membrane distillation membrane component to be 60 +/-5 ℃, controlling the temperature of the membrane distillation membrane component cold side to be 15 +/-2 ℃, and starting a membrane distillation process after the flow rate and the temperature are stable;
step 5) recording the water level of the initial purified water tank, starting a TDS monitor, if the TDS exceeds the standard, transmitting a signal to an indicator lamp by a sensor, and lighting the indicator lamp to remind personnel to overhaul the device; after the operation is carried out for one hour, the water level of the pure water tank is measured and recorded again, and the membrane distillation efficiency can be obtained according to the volume difference between the front and the back.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device can not only extract purified water from high-phosphorus wastewater, but also concentrate raw material liquid through forward osmosis process, and add MgCl2As a draw solute, struvite (MgNH) is finally added4PO4·6H2O) concentrating orthophosphate and ammonium as such for subsequent recovery of phosphorus;
2. in the treatment process of the device, other energy sources except solar energy are not consumed, so that the device is clean and environment-friendly, and the power cost is saved;
3. the device basically realizes automation in the treatment process, is convenient and quick, and saves the labor cost;
4. the device adopts a parallel flat plate type membrane distillation technology, parameter conditions for obtaining the highest membrane flux are determined through experiments, and the membrane material has certain anti-fouling performance and relatively longer service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a high phosphorus wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1 forward osmosis unit, 2 solar heating unit, 3 membrane distillation unit, 4 cold distilled water outlet unit, 5 solar photovoltaic power generation unit, 6 raw material liquid inlet tank, 7 forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump, 8 forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotor flowmeter, 9 forward osmosis membrane component, 10 forward osmosis liquid side rotor flowmeter, 11 forward osmosis liquid side circulation magnetic pump, 12 light-gathering type groove solar heat collector, 13 copper heat exchange coil, 14 self-operated temperature regulating valve, 15 solar heating circulation magnetic pump, 16 liquid inlet tank, 17 membrane distillation component, 18 membrane distillation hot side rotor flowmeter, 19 temperature monitor, 20 membrane distillation cold side rotor flowmeter, 21 membrane distillation cold side circulation magnetic pump, 22 cold distilled water collection tank, 23 temperature sensor, 24 semiconductor refrigeration sheet, 25 circuit switch, 26 water purification tank, 27 TDS detector, 28 signal indicator lamps, 29 solar panel arrays, 30 solar charging controllers and 31 storage batteries.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device based on the forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology shown in fig. 1 comprises five units, namely a forward osmosis unit 1, a solar heating unit 2, a membrane distillation unit 3, a cold distilled water outlet unit 4 and a solar photovoltaic power generation unit 5, wherein the forward osmosis unit 1 is arranged at the upper left part, the solar heating unit 2 is arranged at the lower left part, the membrane distillation unit 3 is arranged at the middle part, the cold distilled water outlet unit 4 is arranged at the upper left part and the solar photovoltaic power generation unit 5 is arranged at the lower right part.
The forward osmosis unit comprises a raw material liquid inlet tank 6, a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump 7, a forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotameter 8, a forward osmosis membrane assembly 9, a forward osmosis drawing liquid side circulation magnetic pump 11 and a forward osmosis drawing liquid side rotameter 10. The water outlet of the raw material liquid inlet tank is connected with a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump through a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) pipe, the forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump 7 is connected with a forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotor flow meter 8 through a TPU pipe, the forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotor flow meter 8 is connected with a raw material liquid side water inlet of a forward osmosis membrane assembly 9 through a TPU pipe, a raw material liquid side water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly 9 is connected with a water inlet of a raw material liquid inlet tank 6 through a TPU pipe, and the components are connected with each other through a pipeline to form a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation loop. The forward osmosis liquid-drawing side circulation magnetic pump 11 is connected with a forward osmosis liquid-drawing side rotor flow meter 10 through a TPU pipe, and the forward osmosis liquid-drawing side rotor flow meter 10 is connected with a liquid-drawing side water inlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly 9. The forward osmosis membrane component 9 is composed of an organic glass plate and is fastened by using a screw and a nut, and the forward osmosis membrane is a cellulose triacetate flat plate membrane.
The solar heating circulation unit comprises a light-gathering groove type solar heat collector 12, a drawing liquid storage tank 16, a self-operated temperature regulating valve 14, a solar heating circulation magnetic pump 15 and a copper heat exchange coil 13. The water outlet of the light-gathering groove type solar thermal collector 12 is connected with a copper heat exchange coil 13 in a liquid drawing and storing tank through a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) pipe, solar liquid with a good heat exchange effect is filled in the copper heat exchange coil 13, the copper heat exchange coil 13 is connected with a self-operated temperature regulating valve 14 through a TPU pipe, the self-operated temperature regulating valve 14 is connected with a solar heating circulation magnetic pump 15 through a TPU pipe, the solar heating circulation magnetic pump 15 is connected with the water inlet of the light-gathering groove type solar thermal collector 12 through a TPU pipe, the components are mutually connected through pipelines to form a solar heating circulation loop, and the heating temperature is controlled to be 60-80 ℃ through the self-operated temperature regulating valve 14.
The membrane distillation unit comprises a membrane distillation hot side rotor flow meter 18, a membrane distillation membrane component connected in parallel with a flat plate, a membrane distillation cold side rotor flow meter 20, a membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump 21 and a temperature monitor 19. The membrane distillation hot side rotor flow meter 18 is connected with a hot side water inlet of a 17 parallel flat plate type membrane distillation membrane assembly through a TPU pipe, a hot side water outlet of the 17 parallel flat plate type membrane distillation membrane assembly is connected with a liquid drawing liquid storage tank water inlet 22 through the TPU pipe, a membrane distillation cold side circulation magnetic pump 21 is connected with a membrane distillation cold side rotor flow meter 20 through the TPU pipe, the membrane distillation cold side rotor flow meter 20 is connected with a cold side water inlet of the 17 parallel flat plate type membrane distillation membrane assembly through the TPU pipe, and a cold side water outlet of the 17 parallel flat plate type membrane distillation membrane assembly is connected with a cold distilled water collecting tank. The membrane distillation unit 17 is provided with a temperature monitor 19 at the water inlet and the water outlet of the hot side of the membrane module and at the water inlet and the water outlet of the cold side of the membrane module respectively. The membrane distillation membrane component consists of an organic glass plate and is fastened by using screws and nuts, six membrane components are connected in parallel to form a whole, 17 cold cavities and hot cavities of the membrane components are alternately arranged in sequence, a water inlet and a water outlet of each membrane component are respectively connected in parallel, and a membrane for membrane distillation adopts a 0.22 mu m polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hydrophobic membrane.
The cold distilled water outlet unit comprises a cold distilled water collecting tank 22, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet 24, a temperature sensor 23, a circuit switch 25, a pure water tank 26, a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) monitor 27 and a signal indicator lamp 28. The semiconductor refrigeration piece 24 is installed at 26 outer walls of the cold distilled water collection tank, the cold distilled water collection tank 22 is a stainless steel storage tank and can conduct temperature rapidly, a temperature sensor 23 is arranged in the collection tank, the temperature sensor 23 is connected with a circuit switch 25 for controlling the semiconductor refrigeration piece 24 through a signal line, and the temperature in the cold distilled water collection tank 22 is controlled to be 10-20 ℃. The upper water outlet of the cold distilled water collecting tank 22 is connected with a water purifying water tank 26 through a TPU pipe, a 27 TDS monitor is placed in the water purifying water tank, and the 27 TDS monitor is connected with a signal indicator lamp 28 outside the water purifying water tank 26 through a signal line.
The solar photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a solar cell panel array 29, a solar charging controller 30 and a storage battery 31, wherein four 150W solar cell panels are connected in parallel to form the solar cell panel array 29 with 600W power generation power, the solar cell panel array 29 and the solar charging controller 30 are connected in series through electric leads, the solar charging controller 30 can convert 18V direct current into 220V alternating current, the use of electric appliances such as a magnetic pump is facilitated, and the solar charging controller 30 is connected in series with the 31 solar storage battery through electric leads. The solar heating circulating magnetic pump 15, the forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulating magnetic pump 7, the forward osmosis drawing liquid side circulating magnetic pump 11, the membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump 21, the semiconductor refrigeration pieces 24 and 27 TDS monitors and the signal indicator lamp 28 are connected in parallel to the storage battery 31.
A high-phosphorus wastewater treatment method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, 100L of high-phosphorus wastewater is added into a raw material liquid inlet tank 6, and the raw material liquid is led into the raw material liquid circulation side of a forward osmosis membrane component 9 through a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump 7; adding 50L of high-concentration polymer electrolyte (sodium polyacrylate) solution into a draw solution storage tank 16 as draw solution, introducing the draw solution into the draw solution side of a forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump 11, adjusting a forward osmosis raw material solution side rotameter 8 and a draw solution side rotameter 10, controlling the flow of the raw material solution circulation side to be 0.6L/min and the flow of the draw solution circulation side to be 0.6L/min, starting a forward osmosis process under the action of osmotic pressure difference after the flow is stable, enabling water molecules in feed solution to continuously permeate into the draw solution to cause the concentration of the draw solution to be low, gradually stopping the forward osmosis process, mainly realizing the transfer movement of the water molecules by the osmotic pressure difference in the forward osmosis process, and having little influence on the forward osmosis process due to temperature change.
Starting a solar heating circulating magnetic pump 15, leading the drawing liquid heated to 60 ℃ by a light-gathering groove type solar heat collector 12 into the hot side of a membrane distillation membrane component 17 through a forward osmosis drawing liquid side circulating magnetic pump 11, and installing a self-operated temperature regulating valve 14 in front of the forward osmosis drawing liquid side circulating magnetic pump 11 to control the temperature of the liquid not to exceed 80 ℃ so as to avoid device damage caused by overhigh temperature; the membrane distillation cold side circulation magnetic pump 21 is opened, cold distilled water kept at 15 ℃ under the action of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 24 is guided into the cold side of the membrane distillation component 17, the temperature sensor 23 is installed in the cold distilled water collecting tank 22, signals are transmitted to the circuit switch 25 through the temperature sensor 23 to control the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 24, and the temperature of liquid is controlled not to be lower than 10 ℃, so that the icing phenomenon caused by too low temperature is avoided. Starting a membrane distillation cold side circulation magnetic pump 21, adjusting a membrane distillation cold side rotor flow meter 20 and a hot side rotor flow meter 18, controlling the flow rate of the membrane distillation hot side circulation to be 0.6L/min, controlling the flow rate of the membrane distillation cold side circulation to be 0.2L/min, monitoring the liquid temperature through 4 temperature monitors 19 on a membrane component, and starting a membrane distillation process after the flow rate and the temperature are stable. Under the action of the vapor pressure difference, water molecules in the drawing liquid permeate to the cold side in a vapor form and are condensed and collected in the cold distilled water collecting tank 22, so that the concentration of the drawing liquid is increased, the osmotic pressure is increased, and the forward osmosis process is started again.
During water purification that surpasss the water level in the cold distilled water collection tank 22 collected water purification tank 26, installation TDS detector 27 in the water purification tank 26, when TDS exceeds standard, signal indicator 28 outside the transmission signal feed tank, signal indicator 28 lights then reminds personnel to need to overhaul the device.
For the stock solution with the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration increasing continuously in the stock solution feed tank 6, MgCl can be added into the stock solution2As a draw solute, struvite fertilizer (MgNH) is added4PO4·6H2O) to concentrate orthophosphate and ammonium for subsequent phosphorus recovery.
The patent application process of the invention is briefly explained as follows:
firstly, adding high-phosphorus wastewater into a raw material liquid inlet tank 6, and introducing the raw material liquid into a cold side of a forward osmosis membrane assembly 9 through a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump 7; 50L of high-concentration polymer electrolyte (sodium polyacrylate) solution is added into a draw solution storage tank 16 to serve as draw solution, the draw solution is led into a forward osmosis membrane assembly 9 through a forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump 11, and a forward osmosis process is started under the action of osmotic pressure difference. And starting a solar heating circulating magnetic pump 15, introducing the drawing liquid heated to 60 ℃ by the light-gathering groove type solar heat collector 12 into the hot side of the membrane distillation membrane component 17 through a hot side circulating magnetic pump 11, starting a membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump 21, and introducing cold distilled water maintained at 15 ℃ under the action of a semiconductor refrigerating sheet 24 into the cold side of the membrane distillation component 17. After the flow rate and temperature are stabilized, the membrane distillation process is started, and water molecules in the draw solution are continuously distilled into the cold distilled water collection tank 22 under the action of the steam pressure difference. The clean water in the cold distilled water collecting tank 22 exceeding a certain level is collected in the clean water tank 26. Can be used forBy adding MgCl into the raw material liquid feed tank 62As a draw solute, struvite fertilizer (MgNH) is added4PO4·6H2O) to concentrate orthophosphate and ammonium for subsequent phosphorus recovery.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology is characterized by comprising a solar heating unit, a forward osmosis unit, a membrane distillation unit and a cold distilled water outlet unit;
the solar heating unit comprises a light-gathering type groove type solar heat collector, a drawing liquid storage tank and a copper heat exchange coil, wherein the copper heat exchange coil is arranged in the drawing liquid storage tank and used for carrying out heat exchange with drawing liquid in the drawing liquid storage tank;
the forward osmosis unit comprises a raw material liquid inlet tank and a forward osmosis membrane assembly, two water inlets of the forward osmosis membrane assembly are respectively connected with a water outlet of the raw material liquid inlet tank and a water outlet of the drawing liquid storage tank, and two water outlets of the forward osmosis membrane assembly are respectively connected with a water inlet of the raw material liquid inlet tank and a water inlet of the membrane distillation unit;
the membrane distillation unit comprises a parallel flat plate type membrane assembly, the parallel flat plate type membrane assembly comprises a plurality of membrane assemblies which are arranged at intervals and used as hot cavities and a plurality of membrane assemblies used as cold cavities, a water inlet of each membrane assembly used as a hot cavity is connected with a water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly after being connected in parallel, a water outlet of each membrane assembly used as a hot cavity is connected with a water inlet of the drawing liquid storage tank after being connected in parallel, and two ends of each membrane assembly used as a cold cavity are connected with two ends of a water inlet and a water outlet of the cold distilled water;
the cold distilled water goes out water unit and includes cold distilled water collection tank, semiconductor refrigeration piece, temperature sensor, water purification tank, total dissolved solids monitor, signal indicator, the semiconductor refrigeration piece is installed on cold distilled water collection tank outer wall, is used for refrigerating cold distilled water collection tank as the cold source, temperature control in the cold distilled water collection tank is between 10-20 ℃, temperature sensor sets up in cold distilled water collection tank for the temperature in the monitoring cold distilled water collection tank, and the temperature of absorption liquid in the cold distilled water collection tank is maintained to cooperation semiconductor refrigeration piece, cold distilled water collection tank still is linked together with the water purification tank, and the delivery port that cold distilled water collection tank communicated water purification tank is higher than its delivery port that communicates membrane distillation unit, total dissolved solids monitor sets up inside the water purification tank, and links to each other with outside signal indicator.
2. The high phosphorus wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the solar heating unit further comprises:
the solar heating circulating magnetic pump is arranged between the water outlet of the copper heat exchange coil and the inlet of the light-gathering groove type solar heat collector;
the self-operated temperature regulating valve is arranged between the solar heating circulation magnetic pump and the copper heat exchange coil and is used for controlling the heating temperature of the copper heat exchange coil to be maintained at 60-80 ℃.
3. The high phosphorus wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the forward osmosis unit further comprises: a forward osmosis raw material liquid side circulation magnetic pump, a forward osmosis raw material liquid side rotameter, a forward osmosis draw liquid side circulation magnetic pump and a forward osmosis draw liquid side rotameter;
the water outlet of the feed liquid inlet tank is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation magnetic pump, the water outlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation magnetic pump is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side rotameter, the water outlet of the forward osmosis feed liquid side rotameter is connected with the feed liquid side water inlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, and the feed liquid side water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of the feed liquid inlet tank to form a forward osmosis feed liquid side circulation loop;
the water outlet of the draw solution storage tank is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump, the water outlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump is connected with the water inlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side rotameter, the water outlet of the forward osmosis draw solution side rotameter is connected with the draw solution side water inlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, and the draw solution side water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of the membrane distillation unit;
the forward osmosis membrane adopts a cellulose triacetate flat membrane.
4. The high-phosphorus wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the membrane distillation unit further comprises a membrane distillation hot side rotameter, a membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump, a temperature monitor; the water inlet of the rotary flowmeter at the hot side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water outlet of the forward osmosis membrane assembly, the water outlet of the rotary flowmeter at the hot side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water inlet at the hot side of the membrane distillation unit, the water outlet at the hot side of the membrane distillation unit is connected with the water inlet of the drawing liquid storage tank, the water inlet of the magnetic pump at the cold side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water outlet of the cold distilled water collection tank, the water outlet of the magnetic pump at the cold side of the membrane distillation is connected with the water inlet at the cold side of the membrane distillation unit through the rotary flowmeter at the cold side of; and a temperature monitor is respectively arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the hot side and the water inlet and the water outlet of the cold side of the membrane component of the membrane distillation unit.
5. The high phosphorus wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a solar photovoltaic power generation unit, comprising a solar cell panel, a solar charging controller and a storage battery, wherein the solar cell panel is connected with the solar charging controller in series through an electric lead, the solar charging controller is used for converting direct current into alternating current, the solar charging controller is connected with the solar storage battery in series through an electric lead, and the storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power for the solar heating unit, the forward osmosis unit, the membrane distillation unit and the cold distilled water outlet unit.
6. A high phosphorus wastewater treatment method based on forward osmosis-membrane distillation technology, which adopts the high phosphorus wastewater treatment device of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) adding high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater into a raw material liquid inlet tank, adding a high-concentration polymer electrolyte solution into a drawing liquid inlet tank to serve as a drawing liquid, starting a solar heating circulating magnetic pump, heating the drawing liquid in the drawing liquid inlet tank to 60 +/-5 ℃, arranging a self-operated temperature regulating valve in front of the solar heating circulating magnetic pump, and closing the valve when the temperature is higher than 80 ℃;
step 2) starting the forward osmosis draw solution side circulation magnetic pump and the forward osmosis raw material solution side circulation magnetic pump, adjusting the forward osmosis raw material solution side and the draw solution rotameter, controlling the flow of the raw material solution circulation side to be 0.5-0.7L/min, controlling the flow of the draw solution circulation side to be 0.5-0.7L/min, and starting a forward osmosis process after the flow is stable;
step 3), adding a certain volume of pure water into the cold distilled water collecting tank, starting a semiconductor refrigerating sheet to maintain the water temperature in the cold distilled water collecting tank at 15 +/-2 ℃, arranging a temperature sensor in the cold distilled water collecting tank, and closing a circuit switch controlled by the temperature sensor if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃;
step 4) starting a membrane distillation cold side circulating magnetic pump, adjusting a membrane distillation cold side rotor flowmeter and a membrane distillation hot side rotor flowmeter, controlling the flow rates of a hot circulating side and a cold circulating side, controlling the circulating flow rate of the membrane distillation hot side to 0.5-0.7L/min, controlling the circulating flow rate of the membrane distillation cold side to 0.1-0.3L/min, monitoring the liquid temperature through 4 temperature monitors on the hot side of the membrane component, controlling the temperature of the membrane distillation membrane component to be 60 +/-5 ℃, controlling the temperature of the membrane distillation membrane component cold side to be 15 +/-2 ℃, and starting a membrane distillation process after the flow rate and the temperature are stable;
step 5) recording the water level of the initial purified water tank, starting a TDS monitor, if the TDS exceeds the standard, transmitting a signal to an indicator lamp by a sensor, and lighting the indicator lamp to remind personnel to overhaul the device; after the operation is carried out for one hour, the water level of the pure water tank is measured and recorded again, and the membrane distillation efficiency can be obtained according to the volume difference between the front and the back.
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