CN115195444A - 混合动力传动装置 - Google Patents

混合动力传动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115195444A
CN115195444A CN202210355562.2A CN202210355562A CN115195444A CN 115195444 A CN115195444 A CN 115195444A CN 202210355562 A CN202210355562 A CN 202210355562A CN 115195444 A CN115195444 A CN 115195444A
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China
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor shaft
transmission
rotor
module
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Pending
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CN202210355562.2A
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English (en)
Inventor
理查德·菲巴赫
马蒂亚斯·普鲁
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Magna Pt & CoKg GmbH
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Magna Pt & CoKg GmbH
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Publication of CN115195444A publication Critical patent/CN115195444A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • H02K15/028—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with slots for fastening to casing or support, respectively to shaft or hub
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    • H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种混合动力传动装置以及一种用于组装所述类型的混合动力传动装置的方法，该混合动力传动装置包括电机，其中，该电机具有位于外部的定子(1)和位于内部的转子轴(2)，其中，该混合动力传动装置还包括位于传动件壳体(4)中的传动件(3)和位于离合器壳体(6)中的离合器(5)，其中，定子(1)紧固在传动件壳体(4)中，其中，转子轴(2)在第一端部处具有与传动件(3)的中间齿轮(8)啮合的小齿轮(7)，其中，转子轴(2)借助于第一轴承(9)和第二轴承(10)在转子轴(2)的第一端部的区域中和转子轴的相反位置的第二端部的区域中进行安装，其中，在转子轴(2)的第一端部的区域中轴向地布置有紧固至定子(1)的中间板(11)，其中，用于对转子轴(2)的第二端部进行安装的第二轴承(10)直接固定在离合器壳体(6)中，并且用于对转子轴(2)的第一端部进行安装的第一轴承(9)固定至传动件壳体(4)或固定至中间板(11)。

Description

混合动力传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及包括电机和传动件的混合动力传动装置，并且涉及用于组装所述类型的混合动力传动装置的方法。
背景技术
也简称为混合动力车辆的混合动力电动车辆现在是众所周知的并且使用至少一个电机和附加的驱动器、通常是内燃发动机来用于推进车辆。在并联混合动力驱动器的情况下，电动马达和内燃发动机可以同时将它们的驱动扭矩传递给传动系。对于并联混合动力车辆的电机、内燃发动机和传动件的布置结构，已知不同的架构。在所谓的P2.5布置结构的情况下，电机通常位于子传动件的输入轴上的双离合器传动件中。
使得电机连接至一个部分传动件的根据P2.5应用安装在传动件中的电机迄今已用作独立的预组装模块，其中，电机的模块不仅包括转子和定子，而且包括用于安装转子轴的两个端部护罩。
如果转子轴的自由端部具有小齿轮，则转子轴在端部护罩中的安装通常使得小齿轮沿轴向方向布置在转子轴的该侧部上的轴承“后部”或“外部”(所谓的“悬垂式安装”)。
然后可以将整个预组装的电机模块旋拧到传动件壳体中，例如通过端部护罩上的螺钉附接凸台将整个预组装的电机模块旋拧到传动件壳体中。
在这种构造的情况下，为了容纳转子轴轴承，电机的模块必须具有连接至定子的两个端部护罩。这导致在电机模块的径向方向和轴向方向上的额外结构空间需求。此外，本独立模块由于端部护罩的重量而变得更重。由于电机的转子的悬垂式安装，转子轴的自由端部处的轴承必须具有比如果将轴承布置在小齿轮“后部”的情况更大的尺寸。另外，由于悬垂式安装，在载荷下操作期间，与如果将所述轴承布置在“小齿轮后部”的情况相比，会发生小齿轮的更大程度的倾斜。这种倾斜会导致不希望的声学显著性(NVH-噪音、振动和刺耳声)。端部护罩以及同样地相对较大的轴承还需要高成本。
发明内容
本发明的目标是针对所述缺点中的至少一些缺点改进所述类型的混合动力传动装置，并且特别是指定一种具有更小的结构空间要求、更轻的重量和更低的成本的混合动力传动装置。此外，寻求指定一种用于组装这种适合大规模生产的混合动力传动装置的有效且廉价的方法。
所述目的借助于包括电机的混合动力传动装置来实现，其中，电机具有位于外部的定子和位于内部的转子轴，其中，混合动力传动装置还包括位于传动件壳体中的传动件和位于离合器壳体中的离合器，其中，定子紧固在传动件壳体或离合器壳体中，其中，转子轴在第一端部处具有与传动件的中间齿轮啮合的小齿轮，其中，转子轴在转子轴的第一端部的区域中和转子轴的相反位置的第二端部的区域中进行安装，其中，在转子轴的第一端部的区域中轴向地布置有中间板，其中，定子紧固至中间板，其中，用于对转子轴的第二端部进行安装的第二轴承直接固定在离合器壳体中，并且用于对转子轴的第一端部进行安装的第一轴承直接固定至传动件壳体或固定至中间板。
根据本发明，生产了不具有端部护罩的能够插入传动件中的电机模块。转子轴安装在两个轴承处，其中，位于转子轴的不承载小齿轮的端部处的轴承中的一个轴承、特别是第二轴承直接固定、即旋转固定地紧固在混合动力传动装置的壳体部件、特别是在离合器壳体中。另一轴承、即第一轴承或者同样直接紧固在壳体中、特别是在传动件壳体中，或者紧固在中间板中，该中间板本身又用于紧固定子并且优选地也螺纹连接在传动件壳体中。中间板优选地是大致圆形板，该圆形板相对于转子轴垂直地竖立并且在内侧部处优选地具有同样的圆形凹部，马达轴延伸穿过该凹部。还优选的情况是，在所述中间板上一体地或通过旋转固定的紧固地形成有短轴，在该短轴上安装有与转子轴的小齿轮啮合的中间齿轮。
因此，转子轴至少在转子轴的一个端部或两个端部处直接安装在混合动力传动装置的壳体中。因此可以省略至少一个端部护罩。中间板可以配备有各种附加部件，并且可以至少具有用于安装中间齿轮的短轴，并且因此用于多种用途例如还用于安装转子轴、转子位置传感器和/或转子接地环。
因此，电机完全集成到传动件中，优选地以P2.5架构的方式集成到传动件中。因此，一种用于将电机安装到传动件中的方法成为可能，该方法适用于大规模生产，其中，电机的转子直接安装在两个壳体半部中，而转子和定子在安装过程期间不会以造成损坏的方式产生接触。
借助于这种不具有端部护罩的安装，由于部件的省略或移除、公差链的缩短、结构空间优化、重量减轻、载荷下的齿轮倾斜的优化、以及因此NVH优化、以及转子轴承布置的尺寸减小潜力，而可以实现节省成本方面的优点。
表述“传动件壳体”和“离合器壳体”可以指共同壳体的两个部分、特别是两个半部。
转子轴的第一端部处的小齿轮优选地轴向地位于第一轴承与第二轴承之间，使得第一轴承位于转子轴的小齿轮的外侧。
根据一个实施方式，在转子轴的第二端部的区域中轴向布置有夹持环，其中，定子被夹持在中间板与夹持环之间，优选地以借助于张紧螺栓支撑的方式被夹持在中间板与夹持环之间。
根据另一实施方式，定子、特别是定子叠片可以在转子轴的第二端部的区域中具有轴向的螺钉附接凸台，使得定子被夹持在中间板与螺钉附接凸台之间，优选地以借助于张紧螺栓支撑的方式使定子被夹持在中间板与螺钉附接凸台之间。
根据本发明的用于组装所述类型的混合动力传动装置的方法由此包括以下步骤：首先，对至少包括转子轴和转子叠片芯的转子模块进行预组装，以及对包括具有定子绕组的至少一个定子叠片芯的定子模块进行预组装，将转子模块和定子模块沿轴向方向放置在工件承载件上，并将转子模块和定子模块以非接触方式一个配装在另一个内部，使得转子模块和定子模块优选地不彼此接触，其中，优选地将转子旋转固定地接纳在工件承载件上，将优选地包括用于安装中间齿轮的短轴的中间板安装在定子上，将配装在工件承载件上的转子模块和定子模块与传动件组装在一起，将传动件壳体放置在传动件之上，并且将离合器壳体连接至传动件壳体。
优选地，在将转子模块和定子模块沿轴向方向放置到工件承载件上并且将转子模块和定子模块以非接触方式一个配装到另一个内部之前，已经临时地将转子模块和定子模块一个配装到另一个内部，使得转子轴能够旋转，并且为了挑选出有缺陷的部分执行至少一项测试、例如旋转测试，以便挑选出有缺陷的部分。
在已经将传动件壳体放置在传动件之上之后，优选地将中间板旋拧至传动件壳体。
在将包括用于安装中间齿轮的短轴的中间板安装在定子上之后，并且优选地在将配装在工件承载件上的转子模块和定子模块与传动件进行组装之前，优选地将中间齿轮和中间齿轮的轴承布置结构紧固在短轴上。
如果在已经将中间齿轮紧固在短轴上之后，并且优选地在将配装在工件承载件上的转子模块和定子模块与传动件进行组装之前，将用于对转子轴的第一端部进行安装的第一轴承紧固至转子轴，则这是优选的。替代性地，可以已经将第一轴承紧固在中间板中。
在将离合器壳体连接至传动件壳体之前，优选地在已经将传动件壳体放置在传动件之上之后，可以将夹持环在转子轴的第二端部的区域中轴向附接至定子，其中，将定子夹持在中间板与夹持环之间。如果借助于多个张紧螺栓将定子支撑在中间板与夹持环之间，或者支撑在中间板与定子的螺钉附接凸台之间，则这是特别优选的。
在附图的描述中指定了组装方法的其他有利步骤。
因此，本发明描述了一种用于组装混合动力传动装置的方法，该方法使得能够借助于一个轴承(第二轴承)(下文中称为变型1)或两个轴承(第一轴承和第二轴承)(下文中称为变型2)来将电机直接安装在离合器壳体(变型1)中或离合器壳体和传动件壳体(变型2)中。因此，可以省略端部护罩或将端部护罩制作得重量更轻和更节省空间，使位于传动件壳体中的第一轴承直接布置在小齿轮“后部”(变型2)，由于将第一轴承布置在所述小齿轮后部(变型2)，使小齿轮在载荷下的倾斜最小化，这对第一轴承的轴承尺寸和噪声特性(NVH)以及节省成本具有积极影响(变型1和变型2)。
附图说明
下面将参照附图通过示例来描述本发明。
图1是从转子轴的第二端部观察的根据本发明的混合动力传动装置的电机的三维图示。
图2是从转子轴的第一端部观察的根据图1的混合动力传动装置的电机的三维图示。
图3是根据图1的混合动力传动装置的电机从侧视面的截面图。
图4是具有根据图1的电机的根据本发明的混合动力传动装置的详细截面图。
图5是根据本发明的用于组装根据图4的混合动力传动装置的方法的步骤的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1至图3图示了根据本发明的混合动力传动装置的电机——在图1中为从第二轴承10的侧部观察的，在图2中为从第一轴承9的侧部观察的，以及在图3中为从侧视面的截面图。
该电机包括位于外部的定子1和位于内部的可旋转的转子轴2。具有所述类型的电机(参见图4)的混合动力传动装置包括位于传动件壳体4中的传动件3和位于离合器壳体6中的离合器5。然后，定子1紧固在传动件壳体4中。
电机和传动件3以P2.5架构布置。
转子轴2在第一端部处具有小齿轮7(图2和图3)，小齿轮7与传动件3的中间齿轮8啮合(图4和图3)。转子轴2借助于第一轴承9和第二轴承10在转子轴2的第一端部的区域中和转子轴2的相反位置的第二端部的区域中进行安装。
紧固至定子1的中间板11轴向布置在转子轴2的第一端部的区域中(图2)。
用于对转子轴2的第二端部进行安装的第二轴承10直接固定在离合器壳体6中，并且用于对转子轴2的第一端部进行安装的第一轴承9固定至传动件壳体4(图4)或固定至中间板11。中间板11螺纹连接在传动件壳体4中。
中间齿轮8安装在短轴12上，其中，短轴12形成在中间板11上(图2和图3)。
在图2和图3中图示出的是，小齿轮7在轴向上位于第一轴承9与第二轴承10之间并且位于转子轴2的第一端部处，使得第一轴承9位于转子轴2的小齿轮7的外侧。
旋转变压器21的静态部分和电机的交流相端子22也紧固至中间板11上。中间板11借助于紧固螺钉23旋拧至传动件壳体4。
图1示出了定子1被夹在中间板11与定子叠片的螺钉附接凸台19之间，因为中间板11和螺钉附接凸台19借助于多个周向分布的张紧螺栓14、特别是螺钉支撑。张紧螺栓14延伸穿过夹持环或定子1的螺钉附接凸台19并进入中间板11上的紧固点中，该紧固点分别分配给螺钉附接凸台19。中间板11还具有用于将中间板11螺纹连接至传动件壳体4的紧固螺钉23。
定子1的绕组头部18在图1中也在转子轴的第二端部处可见。
图5示意性地图示了根据本发明的用于组装根据图1至图4的混合动力传动装置的方法的步骤。
该方法的各个步骤优选地以所图示的时间顺序进行。
第一步，a)：电机的初始状态如下：
一种预组装的转子模块15，包括：
-转子轴2，其中，小齿轮7可能已经被切削于所述转子轴上，
-转子叠片芯，该转子叠片芯可以以常规方式借助于过盈配合紧固至轴，
-在永磁同步机器的情况下包括永磁体，该永磁体可以紧固在转子叠片芯上或转子叠片芯中，
-旋转变压器的旋转部分(“目标”)，该旋转变压器的旋转部分可以紧固在轴上，
-可选地第二轴承10。
一种预组装定子模块16，包括：
-定子叠片芯，
-定子绕组，该定子绕组嵌入定子叠片芯中，其中，已经执行了用于生产定子绕组的常规方法步骤(形成绕组头部、用浸渍树脂灌封、压接相端子等)，
-温度传感器与低压连接部。
所提出的方法包括以下步骤：
第二步，b)：将上述预组装模块15、16以非接触方式临时一个配装在另一个内部，其中，转子可以例如借助于所谓的居中销在两个端部处被保持，使得转子可以旋转.
临时配装的预组装模块15、16可以经受一系列测试，该测试包括转子的旋转(所谓的动态马达测试)，以便识别故障部分并将故障部分从进一步的组装过程中移除和/或以便确定容易发生变化的重要机器参数。
第三步，c)：在测试之后，将两个预组装的模块15、16首先再次分开并且随后在工件承载件17上以非接触方式再次进行配对，其中，转子在这种情况下是不可旋转的。转子模块15和定子模块16的“结合”在这里发生如下：
-将定子模块16安装在工件承载件17上，工件承载件17保持竖向站立的定子1并使竖向站立的定子1居中。
-工件承载件17包括导引件，在该导引件中安装有可选的能够轴向移动的居中销。
-转子模块15沿轴向方向竖向地配装到居中销上，该居中销又突出到转子的中空轴的内轮廓中。在此，转子轴2设计为中空轴。因此可以有利地配装转子和定子，而不会在过程中发生转子和定子的动态接触，动态接触可能导致对部件中的一个部件的损坏。
第四步，d)：将转子模块15和定子模块16以非接触方式配装在工件承载件17上。
第五步，e)：将中间板11安装到定子1上。该中间板11包括：
-短轴12，短轴12用于接纳中间齿轮轴承布置结构
-接纳部，该接纳部用于旋转变压器21的定子。
根据所选择的变型(1或2)，中间板11还可以包括用于第一轴承9的轴承座(变型1)。图4图示了变型2，在变型2中，在传动件壳体4中实现了安装。
第六步，f)：将中间齿轮8连同其轴承布置结构紧固在短轴12上。
第七步，g)：将第一轴承9(在变型2的情况下)安装在小齿轮7“后部”(或外部)。
第八步，h)：将预组装在工件承载件17上的模块15、16紧固在传动件工件承载件上，传动件3的预组装齿轮组存在于该传动件工件承载件上，并且将电机和传动件3的齿轮链彼此接合。
第九步：将传动件壳体4手动放置在齿轮组上，其中，除其他外，将电机的第一轴承9接纳在传动件壳体4中(在变型2中)。
第十步，i)：使具有齿轮组和电机模块15、16的离合器壳体6旋转，使得敞开的壳体半部竖向向上指向。电机组件15、16的工件承载件17在这种情况下仍然紧固至定子1并且一起旋转。
第十一步，j)：将中间板11螺纹连接到传动件壳体4中。
对于进一步的过程，无论是否实施变型1或变型2，现在有两种可设想的方法，在下文中用I或II表示：
方法I(图5中所图示的)：
-将具有居中销的工件承载件17卸除。由于尚未将第二轴承10安装在离合器壳体6中的事实，转子将由于磁力而抵靠定子1。然而，这并不重要，因为这发生在准稳态中(在发生抵接后没有进一步的相对运动)。
方法II：
-通过在任何情况下都存在于传动件壳体4中的合适位置处的孔，转子由居中销保持，该居中销从下方通过所述孔插入到转子中。在图5中，图像j)中，第二居中销的插入的位置和方向由向上指向的竖向箭头表示。
两种方法都有以下共同的可选步骤：
在转子轴2的第二侧部上，包括四个螺钉附接凸台19的夹持环附接至定子1的外径。借助于夹持环的这些螺钉附接凸台19，或直接位于定子1上的螺钉附接凸台19，将定子1夹持在螺钉附接凸台19与中间板11之间。
关于另一种方法，在方法I与方法II之间再次作出区分：
方法I：
在离合器壳体6中的适当位置处设置孔(参见图5的步骤k)中的圆形标记)。当离合器壳体6下降到具有齿轮组的传动件壳体4上以便封闭传动件(在图5中的图像I)中图示了用于此的站)，居中销可以再次通过所述孔突出到转子轴2中，将转子轴2从定子1释放，并且随后将所述转子轴保持在限定位置中，同时将离合器壳体6连接至传动件壳体4。
随后将居中销拉出，并且将离合器壳体6中的开口封闭。
方法II：
由于下部居中销将转子居中在限定位置中，因此在将离合器壳体6配装到传动件壳体4上期间不再需要离合器壳体6中的开口。
在这两种方法和变型中，是离合器壳体6都接纳第二轴承10的情况(参见图4)。
附图标记列表
1 定子
2 转子轴
3 传动件
4 传动件壳体
5 离合器
6 离合器壳体
7 小齿轮
8 中间齿轮
9 第一轴承
10 第二轴承
11 中间板
12 短轴
14 张紧螺栓
15 转子模块
16 定子模块
17 工件承载件
18 绕组头部
19 螺钉附接凸台
20 紧固螺钉
21 旋转变压器
22 交流相端子
23 紧固螺钉

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力传动装置，所述混合动力传动装置包括电机，其中，所述电机具有位于外部的定子(1)和位于内部的转子轴(2)，其中，所述混合动力传动装置还包括位于传动件壳体(4)中的传动件(3)和位于离合器壳体(6)中的离合器(5)，其中，所述定子(1)紧固在所述传动件壳体(4)中或所述离合器壳体(6)中，其中，所述转子轴(2)在第一端部处具有与所述传动件(3)的中间齿轮(8)啮合的小齿轮(7)，其中，所述转子轴(2)借助于第一轴承(9)和第二轴承(10)在所述转子轴(2)的所述第一端部的区域中和所述转子轴(2)的相反位置的第二端部的区域中进行安装，
其特征在于，在所述转子轴(2)的所述第一端部的区域中轴向地布置有中间板(11)，其中，所述定子(1)紧固至所述中间板(11)，其中，用于对所述转子轴(2)的所述第二端部进行安装的所述第二轴承(10)直接固定在所述离合器壳体(6)中，并且用于对所述转子轴(2)的所述第一端部进行安装的所述第一轴承(9)固定至所述传动件壳体(4)或固定至所述中间板(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动装置，
其特征在于，所述中间齿轮(8)安装在短轴(12)上，其中，所述短轴(12)形成在所述中间板(11)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动装置，
其特征在于，所述小齿轮(7)在轴向上位于所述第一轴承(9)与所述第二轴承(10)之间并且位于所述转子轴(2)的所述第一端部处，使得所述第一轴承(9)位于所述转子轴(2)的所述小齿轮(7)的外侧。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动装置，
其特征在于，在所述转子轴(2)的所述第二端部的区域中轴向布置有夹持环，其中，所述定子(1)被夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述夹持环之间，优选地以借助于张紧螺栓(14)支撑的方式被夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述夹持环之间，或者在于，所述定子(1)在所述转子轴(2)的所述第二端部的区域中具有轴向的螺钉附接凸台(19)，使得所述定子(1)被夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述螺钉附接凸台(19)之间，优选地以借助于张紧螺栓(14)支撑的方式使所述定子(1)被夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述螺钉附接凸台(19)之间。
5.用于组装根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动装置的方法，
其特征在于，首先，对至少包括所述转子轴(2)和转子叠片芯的转子模块(15)进行预组装，以及对包括具有定子绕组的至少一个定子叠片芯的定子模块(16)进行预组装，其中，将所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)沿轴向方向放置在工件承载件(17)上，并且将所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)以非接触方式一个配装在另一个内部，其中，将优选地包括用于安装所述中间齿轮(8)的所述短轴(12)的所述中间板(11)安装在所述定子(1)上，其中，将配装在所述工件承载件(17)上的所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)与所述传动件(3)进行组装，其中，将所述传动件壳体(4)放置在所述传动件(3)之上，并且其中，将所述离合器壳体(6)连接至所述传动件壳体(4)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，
其特征在于，在将所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)沿轴向方向放置在所述工件承载件(17)上并且将所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)以非接触方式一个配装在另一个内部之前，已经临时地将所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)一个配装到另一个内部，使得所述转子轴(2)能够旋转，并且执行至少一次旋转测试，以便挑选出有缺陷的部分。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，
其特征在于，在已经将所述传动件壳体(4)放置在所述传动件(3)之上之后，将所述中间板(11)旋拧至所述传动件壳体(4)。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法，
其特征在于，在将包括用于安装所述中间齿轮(8)的所述短轴(12)的所述中间板(11)安装在所述定子(1)上之后，并且优选地在将配装在所述工件承载件(17)上的所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)与所述传动件(3)进行组装之前，将所述中间齿轮(8)紧固在所述短轴(12)上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，
其特征在于，在将配装在所述工件承载件(17)上的所述转子模块(15)和所述定子模块(16)与所述传动件(3)进行组装之前，优选地在已经将所述中间齿轮(8)紧固在所述短轴(12)上之后，将用于对所述转子轴(2)的所述第一端部进行安装的所述第一轴承(9)紧固至所述转子轴(2)。
10.根据权利要求5所述的方法，
其特征在于，在将所述离合器壳体(6)连接至所述传动件壳体(4)之前，优选地在已经将所述传动件壳体(4)放置在所述传动件(3)之上之后，将夹持环在所述转子轴(2)的所述第二端部的区域中轴向附接至所述定子(1)，其中，将所述定子(1)夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述夹持环之间，优选地以借助于张紧螺栓(14)支撑的方式将所述定子(1)夹持在所述中间板(11)与所述夹持环之间。
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